DE287145C

DE287145C -

Info

Publication number: DE287145C
Application number: DENDAT287145D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

-JVi 287145 -■ KLASSE 21 d. GRUPPE-JVi 287145 - ■ CLASS 21 d. GROUP

Öltransformator. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 24. Oktober 1913 ab.Oil transformer. Patented in the German Empire on October 24, 1913.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei Öltransformatoren und sonstigen unter öl arbeitenden elektrischen Apparaten die Luft oberhalb des Ölraumes einen schädigenden Einfluß auf die erforderlichen Qualitäten des Öles ausübt, und es wurden daher verschiedene Vorschläge gemacht, welche darauf hinzielen, die Luft in dem oberhalb des Öles befindlichen Raum chemisch zu reinigen. Es ist nun klar, daß der schlechte Einfluß der Luft auf das Öl überhaupt nicht stattfindet, wenn keine Luft im Ölbehälter vorhanden ist. Weiter hat sich in der Praxis gezeigt, daß die Einführung von Kühlschlangen u. dgl., mit Hilfe deren das öl gekühlt wird, insofern schädlich wirken kann, als die Gefahr besteht, daß das Kühlmedium in das öl dringt und dadurch ebenfalls eine Verschlechterung des Öles hervorruft. Von diesen beiden Grundgedanken ausgehend wurden gemäß vorliegender Erfindung Einrichtungen geschaffen, bei welchen nicht nur jeder Zutritt von Luft zum ölraum hintangehalten wird, sondern überhaupt keine Luft oberhalb des ölraumes vorhanden ist. Dabei kann dem Öl trotzdem die durch die Erwärmung notwendige Ausdehnungsmöglichkeit geboten werden, und durch die Schaffung eines Überdruckes im öl gegenüber dem Druck des Kühlmediums wird ein Übertritt des letzteren in das öl hintangehalten.It has been shown that in oil transformers and other electrical working under oil The air above the oil chamber has a damaging influence on the apparatus the required qualities of the oil, and various proposals have therefore been made, which aim to remove the air in the space above the oil dry-cleanable. It is now clear that the bad influence of air on oil does not take place at all if there is no air in the oil reservoir. Next has shown in practice that the introduction of cooling coils and the like, with the help of which the Oil is cooled, insofar as it can have a harmful effect, as there is a risk that the cooling medium penetrates into the oil and thereby also causes deterioration of the oil. On the basis of these two basic ideas, according to the present invention, devices were created in which not just prevent any access of air to the oil chamber there is no air at all above the oil space. Included can still offer the oil the necessary expansion opportunity due to the heating and by creating an overpressure in the oil compared to the pressure of the The transfer of the latter into the oil is prevented by the cooling medium.

In der Zeichnung sind beispielsweise Ausführungsformen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung schematisch veranschaulicht. Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen Transformatoren mit Gewichtsbelastung. Fig. 3 zeigt ein Transformatorgehäuse mit von außen zugänglichem Kühlkörper. In the drawing, for example, embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are illustrated schematically. Figures 1 and 2 show weight-loaded transformers. Fig. 3 shows a transformer housing with an externally accessible heat sink.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird der Transformatorkasten ι vollständig mit Öl gefüllt, so daß kein Luftraum im Inneren verbleibt. In der einfachsten Ausführung würde hierzu ein allseits vollkommen geschlossener Behälter von entsprechender Wandstärke genügen, welcher eine Einfüllöffnung und ein Entlüftungsloch besitzt, die beide gesperrt werden, sobald beim Füllen das Öl im Einfülltrichter bis über dem Absperrventil steht. Will man dem durch die Erwärmung des Öles im Betrieb eintretenden Ausdehnungsbestreben Rechnung tragen, so wird bei dem Transformatorbehälter ein dicht schließender und sich nach dem jeweiligen ölvolumen selbsttätig verstellender Kolben vorgesehen. Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform steht mit dem Trans-; formatorkasten 1 ein Zylinder 2 in Verbindung mit einem Kolben 3, der eine Gewichtsbelastung 10 trägt und sich mit der Volumvergrößerung bzw. Volumverminderung des Ölinhaltes auf- bzw. abwärts bewegt. An Stelle der Schwerkraft könnte auch Gasspannung, Flüssigkeitsoder Federdruck auf den Kolben einwirken. Man kann auch für mehrere Transformatoren einen gemeinsamen Zylinder 2 verwenden, wel-According to the invention, the transformer box ι is completely filled with oil, so that no air space remains inside. In the simplest version, this would be an all-round completely closed containers of the appropriate wall thickness are sufficient, whichever has a filler opening and a vent hole, both of which are blocked as soon as When filling, the oil in the filling funnel is above the shut-off valve. Do you want to go through this the heating of the oil in operation take account of the expansion tendencies that occur, so with the transformer tank a tightly closing and according to the respective Oil volume self-adjusting piston provided. In the case of the one shown in FIG Embodiment stands with the trans; formatorkasten 1 a cylinder 2 in connection with a piston 3, which carries a weight load 10 and which increases in volume or volume reduction of the oil content moves up or down. Instead of gravity gas tension, fluid pressure or spring pressure could also act on the piston. You can also use multiple transformers use a common cylinder 2, which

Claims

rather communicated with all transformers through a pipeline. In order to fill the container, one can proceed in this arrangement, for example, in such a way that the piston 3 is held in a higher position during filling than that which it occupies when the transformer box is full; if the latter is then filled to close to the pouring opening, the piston 3 ίο is released and the oil level is raised through this until the oil passes over the closing element of the filling opening 7, which is then blocked. If the oil finally flows through the overflow 8 into a collecting vessel 9, the shut-off device provided on the overflow is also brought into the closed position, and the oil box is then free of air. The pressure on the adjustable piston is used at the same time to generate an overpressure in the oil compared to the cooling medium, which is passed through the transformer box in cooling coils 5. As a result of the higher pressure in the oil, there is a guarantee that the cooling medium does not enter the oil through the heat sink. The size of the oil pressure can be read on a manometer 6. If, for example, cooling water is used as the cooling medium, expediently while maintaining a slight gradient, it is also easy to convince yourself whether the visibly draining water is carrying oil. In order to get by with small weights to achieve the required pressure, a lever transmission can be switched on. According to the embodiment in Fig. 2, a toothed segment 12 engaging the toothing 11 of the Kdlbenstangenend engaging around the bolt 13 is provided for this purpose and equipped with an arm 14, on which the load weight 16 by means of a rolling rope on the arch 15 or a chain attacks. The radius of curvature of the arc 15 corresponds to its distance from the pivot point 13, so that the loading pressure remains unchanged in all positions of the piston. The lever 14 could also press directly on the piston rod. Instead of accommodating the heat sink inside the transformer, the device can also be made in such a way that only a cooling jacket 16 protrudes into the oil content and is accessible from the outside. Cooling liquid 17 (FIG. 2) is then accommodated in this container-like cooling jacket, which -for example can be constantly renewed, or it is cooled by a cooling element 18 (FIG. 3). In the latter case, the cooling liquid 17 'can also be oil. In order to ensure a reliable seal at the feed points of the transformer cables on the container 1, sleeves 20 are used which are similar to the known cable sleeves and have a fastening flange 19. In order to enable any necessary repairs to the vessel 2 or its accessories without interference, it is advantageous to connect a closing element 21 in the connecting line between the vessels 1 and 2. . Sponsors τ-An SPRU c he:

1. Oil transformer, in which this is in a container that is closed on all sides located oil is under pressure, characterized in that the oil under avoidance an air space completely fills the interior of the oil container, the expansion caused by heating of the oil is made possible by the fact that the piston automatically retracts in a pressure cylinder connected to the container can.

2. Oil transformer according to claim 1 with an immersed in the oil of the container, a heat sink containing a liquid cooling medium, characterized in that that the oil in the container is kept under a higher pressure than the cooling medium in the heat sink

. (e.g. water), for the purpose of the penetration of the cooling medium (e.g. water) into the Keep the oil container away if the heat sink becomes damaged.

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.