DE2854062A1 - FLEXIBLE PIPES OR DGL. FOR HYDRAULIC AND SANITARY INSTALLATIONS - Google Patents

Description

“ATIMTAHWXlTi

DR. E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING. W. NIHMANN

MÖNCHEN HAMBURG

DR. M. KÖHLER Dl:> UNG. C GERMHARDT

MONKS MONKS

PHONE: HXHKK 55 54 76 8000 MUNICH 2, TELEGRAMS: CARPATENT IOam0Ö2BSXS »££ 6O5

TELEXi 52 * 0 68 KARP D .......... _ .. ^ _r

Jierz Og-Td / llhelm-Str. 16

December 14, 1976 ¥. 43 243/78 12 / iicli

Industry Pirelli S.ρ, Α. Milan (Italy)

Flexible pipes or the like. for hydraulic and sanitary installations

The invention relates to flexible pipes and the like for sanitary installations in private and industrial buildings.

It is well known that one of the main disadvantages of all private and industrial hydraulic and sanitary

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installations in that the tubes or tube sy sterne rigid are. To this day, the pipes or pipe systems are made with metal pipes such as Mannesmann pipes, lead pipes, and possibly executed with rigid plastic pipes. Furthermore, in the known pipe systems there are also joints and connections etc., which are also made of rigid material. Especially when prefabricated units such as blackboards, wall parts or the like. The pipes are used for warm and relatively small capacity cold water and for the drain of plumbing installations, it is known that repair work, which sooner or later become necessary for various reasons always require a considerable expenditure of time and often also require the walls to be opened and accordingly closed again after the repair has been carried out Need to become. These problems are so well known that details need not be given. The rigidity of the pipes also leads to other problems. For example, shocks and vibrations can result in various Types of machinery, road traffic and, more seriously, tremors, pipe joints, pipe connections, Pipe fittings and the like are undesirably shifted or brought out of their correct position, or it can there are even burst pipes. It can also result from corrosion from earth currents or stray currents as well Condensation (especially in winter and summer)

ι result on the outer surfaces of the tubes. Furthermore you can There are stresses due to water hammer and deformations and fractures due to frost. aside from that is the corrosive effect of certain building materials such as cement and especially gypsum, if such is used,

. disadvantageous. Finally, the considerable degree of heat distribution in hot water pipes must also be taken into account.

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It is known that metals are good conductors of heat.

Recently attempts have been made to address some of these problems and disadvantages through the use of tubing made of polyester or polyamide resin. However, no satisfactory solution has been achieved because of this Materials are somewhat expensive and do not have the level of elasticity that is desired.

It can thus be seen that if metal pipes are not to be used, the selection of a suitable one Materials is of crucial, if not critical, importance.

It has already been said what the requirements are for an ideal, non-metallic pipe. The earlier ones In summary, it can be said that it is necessary to find a material which is sufficient is flexible so that it can be laid with relatively small radii of curvature, because the space available in modern Buildings is limited and has a passive, i.e. detrimental, influence. Furthermore, it is for this material required to withstand all types of corrosion commonly encountered, while also being easy to incorporate should, even in winding sections or twisted sections and with sudden changes of direction and in relative great lengths. With regard to the latter point of view, the advantage should not be overlooked of being able to To carry out risers for the distribution of water, their installation as easy or convenient as the installation for example of the main electrical cable, in which case the diameters are more or less the same.

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Investigations and research on the part of the applicant, which have been carried out over a long period of time and from very expensive and detailed practical experiments have made it possible, with a careful selection of the base material or basic material, to produce a system of elastomeric compounds or compounds with which it is possible to achieve all of the above Solve problems at the same time. It would be a bit too superficial and oversimplified to say that. By simple Replacing metal pipes with pipes made of flexible elastomeric material have addressed the numerous problems encountered more or less miraculously resolved. Apart from the problems of cost, there is the problem of Durability, which is very important in the building industry. Although the cost of non-metallic pipes be a very small fraction of the cost of metal pipe, that alone would not be enough. It Nor would the pipe fittings, pipe fittings, etc. and the connections be eliminated too if the life of the material used to replace the metal is insufficient vare. Therefore, no elastomeric material available on the market has been able to solve the problem. Rather, it was it is necessary and even essential to unequivocally address the problem of resistance or resistance to aging to solve. According to the present invention, this problem and other problems became excellent Wise solved because of the special composition of hating according to the invention, which is described in detail below makes it possible for the pipes made from these masses to have a service life of at least thirty Years to guarantee.

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During the experiments carried out, it was possible to find that the best material for these compositions consists of ethylene-propylene rubber polymers and / or of vulcanizable, unsaturated ethylene-propylene rubber polymers - which contain dienes as the tertiary component. This means that the best material is made up of particular types of olefinic polymers. The formation of these polymers with organic reinforcing agents such as carbon black, with mineral reinforcing agents such as kaolin and others, with inert fillers such as calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, quartz sand, etc., with crosslinking agents such as sulfur, with compounds that are able to release sulfur and with other crosslinking compounds and with peroxides, with agents accelerating vulcanization, with antioxidants of various kinds, with plasticizers, and also with activating agents such as zinc oxide is widespread and lies within the scope of this technological branch. It? there is a special requirement with regard to the plasticizers or plasticizers. Oils are clearly preferred, and in view of these oils, it is more or Veniger mandatory, paraffin oils with a high degree of purity to be used, that paraffin oils whose purity is so high and are placed on such requirements that it be associated with food substances in contact " can · With regard to this last point of view, it is sufficient to refer to the laws in force in the relevant countries or in the country in which the building is to be built in. This requirement is imperative and extends to the other components of the mass In practice, the masses must be free of all components that can be extracted by the drinking water, regardless of whether it is warm or cold, in order to ensure absolutely that the water flowing through the pipes cannot extract any components, for the

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are harmful to health or have an unpleasant smell.

According to the above, it is part of the technical principle of the present invention, for drinking water pipes for hot and cold water to be used in private and industrial buildings, compositions based on ethylene-propylene rubber polymers and ethylene-propylene rubber polymers, their Terkomponente contains dienes, which do not contain toxic or poisonous compounds or compounds with an unpleasant smell or taste, which can be extracted by water up to a temperature of 50 ° C, this temperature being the usual maximum temperature that with ordinary water heaters is achieved. For simplicity, the conventional abbreviations "EPM" and "EPDM" is used below for the ethylene-propylene rubbers or for the vulcanizable unsaturated ethylene-propylene rubbers containing as diene tercomponent.

Even with the limitations outlined above, the engineer responsible for creating the masses is left with a wide range of constituent choices.

Some examples of bulk compositions are given below:

Dimensions on the base from EPDM parts by weight

EPDH

very fine carbon black, very pure paraffin oil

Accelerator (thiuramic acid

or dithiocarbamic acid) 2-4

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loo 5o - 15o Io - 15o

-r-

Composition based on EPDM parts by weight of sulfur 1-3

Stearic acid 1

Zinc oxide '2-5

It should be noted that for the purposes of the present invention the EPDM is a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and a service is. The diene, which is the third component of the terpolymer, can be made from ethylidene-norbornene, 1,4-hexadiene or dicyclopentadiene can be selected. In In accordance with the requirements repeated above, the carbon black must also have a high degree of purity, i.e. it must not contain any components that are extracted or washed out by water up to a temperature of 50 ° C can be. However, the choice of the type of carbon black remains in agreement with the formula of the individual masses in relation to the other components of the formula open, for example with regard to hard, soft, "furnace soot", "sewer soot" or "heat soot".

- Mass based on EPM weight parts

EPM loo

high-purity coal soot or soot 5o

Zinc oxide> 2

Stearic acid o, 5

Peroxide (Peroximony F40 from Montedison) 4.5

Activating agents (for example

Sulfur) o, 33

The compounds encompassed by the two examples given above have undoubted advantages over others Materials, versus elastomers or plastic materials. Indeed it is compared to

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Elastomers of other types than those described above possible to obtain a resistance or resistance to aging much better than that or that of, for example, natural rubber or styrene rubber. With reference to today The plastic materials used can be said to offer no guarantee of durability, especially not if the temperature exceeds 40 ° C and the pipe is also under pressure. Of the high chemical resistance of the masses described above together with the absence of water-soluble materials or of materials that can be extracted or washed out by water at a temperature of up to 50 ° C is such that the material for the pipes according to the invention is particularly suitable for the predetermined Purpose of the invention, which is to eliminate once and for all the often serious drawbacks that arise result when metal pipes are used in private and industrial buildings for water supply and waste drainage or installed. The chemical inertia of the tubes formed in this way makes them too suitable for removing water from washing machines and dishwashers, the use of such machines spreads more and more. It is known that the water removed from washing machines is generally substantial Deposits can form in metal pipes and these also corrode, whereas in a pipe according to the invention none Deposits stick.

The manufacturing company is in practical use Able to manufacture coils of flexible tube according to the invention in suitable lengths. The coils can be conveniently used for The place of use, after which the coiled pipe is cut into sections of the required length

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and connections, branches, bifurcations and the like can be attached comparatively conveniently.

'The manufacture of pipes according to the invention by Extrusion does not present any particular difficulties, because such a production is already available on a large scale. applied method is. The inside dimensions of the pipe are standard dimensions as used for water pipes There are no particular problems from this point of view either. There is also none Problems with the thickness, because with knowledge of the physico-mechanical properties of the mass and the Operating pressures it is easy to calculate the thickness. It is therefore possible to use a certain number of standard types as is also the case with metal pipe systems. It should also be noted that reinforcement inserts, and either made of textile material or of metal, can be provided if necessary or inexpensive. In particular in the case of the use of metal inserts, these are embedded in the elastomeric material, so that they against tiie effect of corrosion due to stray currents, earth currents or the like. or according to others Reasons as previously described with reference to metal pipes are protected.

Installation is greatly facilitated due to the reduced weight and flexibility of the Tubes according to the invention. Furthermore, it is much easier to feed pipe sections between even narrow channels, such as it is carried out, for example, in electrical cables, with the help of conventional flexible metal conductors. It is also easy to embed the pipes in wall sections, molded sections or pieces, and the like, if necessary. It is still not difficult then to get to the pipes

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Valves, taps, flow meters, etc. as well as the necessary ones Fittings at the ends of the pipes on the consumable parts to connect. Another advantage of the invention in this regard is immediate because of the flexibility the pipes gives the installer a large maneuvering area and more space. In this context, it should be noted that that in certain cases, when bathing facilities and shower facilities are installed, for example, it is necessary is to make adjustments and changes that result in a considerable loss of time. It is obvious, that according to the properties of the pipes according to the invention and according to the other advantageous properties, such as they are described above, it is also possible to omit certain characteristic parts of sanitary fittings. The so-called connections, i.e. the flexible copper pipes for water heaters, which are present in every house Can be made in the usual sizes, and the threaded wall fittings and the fittings for installation can be conveniently connected with the ends. It is known that bending joints by hand takes a lot Takes time and the tubes sometimes break if the radius of curvature is too small, as in certain environments can occur where space is limited. In addition, a flexible pipe automatically assumes the best shape in accordance with the position and length of the pipe section, also saving the cost of chrome plating which is always carried out on the connections, connections and the like. When the aesthetic requirements are particularly strict, there is no reason that would prevent the connections, connectors and the like from being made with a suitable To cover a metal coating that is sufficiently flexible. Such a cover is, for example, a braided one Coating.

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·- Yes -

The invention provides a favorable development in the field of sanitary installations created toward simplified design and simplified installation, which continues, though result in a reduction in costs and working hours and both the manufacturer and place of use, making the technology here in speech standing area is revolutionized.

.When using flexible pipes according to the above Description gives rise to the important problem ^ various To connect pipe parts together in a satisfactory manner. It is known to be involved in the creation of buildings many branches, bifurcations, couplings, etc. are required to implement a pipe system. It should be noted that the problem of connecting adjacent pipe sections is a very important problem, the solutions to which are expensive. The usual metal pipes are connected to one another in a wide variety of ways. With different pipe systems the connection is made by welding, and there is also known to be a large variety of connectors, Terminations, etc., some of which are standardized and some of which are not. Another problem with the connection of pipe sections is the problem of labor.

Above all, it should be noted that, as is also evident, the connection techniques, connection systems and the like, which can be used in conjunction with metal pipes or generally rigid pipes, are not suitable for flexible pipes of the type described above. Indeed, it is obvious to note that threaded connections are not suitable, but also unmatched connectors or connectors

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pre-arranged what "for example trimming operations or requires the use of adhesives or other aids, which are generally excluded should be due to their insufficient reliability.

A flexible pipe of the type detailed above can have a useful life of at least 20 years have, and such a long lifespan must not be jeopardized by any handicap, for example by providing an inadequate solution to the problem of making connections.

It is therefore necessary to create some kind of connection which is suitable for the purpose mentioned and in which the above disadvantages or problems do not exist. In other words, is it is necessary to create a new type of connection and at the same time a mode of operation or a process indicate that such connections should be made on the spot, i.e. at the point of use, in a more convenient way, cheaper, more durable, indestructible and reliable way.

The connection must have a service life that is at least as long as the service life of the pipes, too the association of which it serves, and by virtue of its execution it must be indestructible. Furthermore, the connection has according to the particular type or nature of the pipes to be connected, not always the characteristic that they are divisible (such as a threaded connection), and the feature of separability can be abandoned without any disadvantage due to the simple execution of a connection according to the invention and the working

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their application, which is described below. Therefore, instead of moving or dismantling the connection, if necessary, it is sufficient remove the old connection and make a new connection.

In the most general embodiment of a connection according to the invention measures are taken for a procedure for building up a compound from polyolefin Material that is to be used for flexible pipes, hoses or the like. Made of elastomeric material, namely from hardened or vulcanized EPM and / or EPDM. The relevant working method or procedure is characterized according to the invention by the following work steps:

The surface of the polyolefin material of an element of the joint is in contact with an end face of the pipe and at least the surface of the polyolefin material of the connecting element, which is in contact with the end face of the tube, is awakened.

In particular, according to a first particular embodiment of the general method according to the description above, the method for establishing a connection from polyolefins! Material for flexible tubes made of elastomeric material, characterized in that the softening of the surface of the connecting element, which is made of polyolefin material and which is in contact with the end face of the tube, by frictional rotation of the connecting element made of polyolefin material with respect to the end face of the pipe is caused.

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According to a further special embodiment of the General procedure for establishing a connection for pipes is this procedure through the following working steps marked:

A tubular element, which forms part of the connection, is inserted into one end of each to be connected Tube inserted,

all ends of the pipes to be connected are arranged in a two-halved Eorm so that the end edges the tubular elements are arranged in the mold in their final connection position.

The two halves of the mold are closed, and

it becomes a hot state in the mold polyolefin material injected.

Optionally, the tubular element inserted into the end of each tube is formed from a rigid material and it represents for. all pipes to be connected represent a single body in order to show the respective positions or positions of the various To better reach or create parts of the connection.

Considering now the details of the first embodiment of this method according to the invention , a tubular element is placed in contact with the end of a pipe, hose or the like. In particular, this contact is caused by the fact that the tubular element is introduced or inserted into the pipe end . The tubular element is provided at one end with a threaded part of known type, while the other end

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siclx in contact with the inner wall of the to be connected Rohres "is located.

Due to the geometric simplicity of the element, a graphic representation is not required. In similarly it is for the practical insertion of the tubular element into one end of the to be connected Pipe sufficient to clamp the end of the pipe in question or to set the tubular element on one To arrange carrier that is rotatable, for example on a mandrel or the like., And the mandrel with the one carried by him to rotate tubular element and to move the mandrel in a well-centered position quickly so that the tubular Element is inserted exactly into the tube, after which the mandrel and thus the tubular element for a few seconds is rotated quickly. The heat developed by the friction leads to a softening of the surface of the body the pipe end in contact tubular element, so that it forms a unit with the pipe after cooling.

It will be readily apparent that only simple portable equipment is required to carry out such a procedure is required, for example a high-speed drill that is operated electrically, with compressed air or the like so that these connections can be easily made in a workshop or the like.

The details of the procedure for invoking a Connections according to the second particular embodiment are even simpler. In fact, according to this embodiment, the ends of a tubular element are inserted into the ends of pipes to be connected are used, in this way the mutual distance between the pipe ends to be connected is caused. The input obtained in this way

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unit is placed in a mold made up of two mold halves and is provided with an injection device through which the polyolefin material is injected, which is to form the connection.

In particular, according to the second particular embodiment, the rigid tubular element which is inserted into the Ends of the pipes to be connected is inserted, in its to the outside of the pipe in which it is inserted, directed part reduced diameter. Hence there is a hollow space between the rigid member and the surface The inner wall of the tube is formed, and this hollow space is formed by olefinic material during the injection filled in, which then surrounds the entire end face of the tube at the same time.

Also, the mold and the injector can be small in overall size and light in weight so that they are portable. It is important to note that accordingly it is not necessary to have a room or site to provide a larger section for the formation of the pipe systems, whereby the high costs can be avoided, which are known to be necessary for the creation of such a room or such a site.

It is also advisable to provide adequate ventilation for the pipe ends that are to bind the connection. containing mold (the mold can be designed with a core or without a core), to ensure good penetration of the polyolefin material in all cavities.

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- yf -

Examples of polyolefins! Material used for Forming the compounds described above suitable include Moplen (trade name of one sold by Montedison Product), copolymers of polypropylene and other olefins (Moplen-EP) - and generally all materials, which, as mentioned above, are compatible with the elastic material which the flexible tubes, that are to be connected.

Joints constructed in accordance with the invention are extremely reliable and their useful life is longer than that of the connected flexible pipes.

The invention has been described in connection with the use of flexible tubes of elastomeric material in residential and industrial buildings, and the invention solves the only problem which remained to be solved in this particular field. Therefore, a new technical development in the field of building can now be applied with respect to the conventional! Techniques that have been offered to this day for many years, can be regarded as revolutionary. The non-use of metal in this area, where the use of metal is traditional , is in itself sufficient to demonstrate the importance of the technical port step achieved by the present invention. What is achieved here is that the metal materials are available for other applications where they can in fact practically not be replaced.

Various changes are within the scope of the invention possible.

ORIGINAL INSPECTED 9 * 98 2 6/0755

Claims (10)

Claims ι 1. Flexible pipe system for hydraulic and sanitary Installations for private and industrial buildings, characterized in that it consists of a total of one mass
EPM and / or EPDM polymers, which are made with organic,
and inorganic reinforcing agents, fillers, crosslinking agents, plasticizers, accelerating agents, activating agents and other ingredients, and that all materials contained in the bulk of these polymers are in water up to a temperature
from 5o ° C are insoluble and / or by the water up to
not dissolved or washed out at this temperature
can be. 2. Pipe system according to claim 1, characterized in that a paraffin oil of a type is used as the plasticizer, which is suitable for with food substances to get in touch. 3. Pipe system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the mass has the following composition: Parts by weight EPEM 5o - loo very fine carbon black Io - 15o very pure paraffin oil 15o Accelerator (thiuram 2 - acid or dithiocarbamic acid) 1 - 4th sulfur 1 3 Stearic acid 2 - Zinc oxide 5. 909826/0755 ORIGINAL INSPECTED 4. Pipe system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass has the following composition: Parts by weight EFH loo high-purity carbon black or soot 5o zinc oxide 2 Stearic acid 0.5 Peroxide (Peroximony P4O from Montedison) 4.5 Activating agent (e.g. sulfur) o, 33. 5 · Method of forming a compound from polyolefin Material for use with flexible tubes made of elastomeric material, especially hardened or vulcanized polyolefin EPM and / or EPEM material, characterized by the following work steps: The surface of the polyolefin material of an element of the connection is connected to an end face of the brought into contact with the pipe to be connected, and at least the surface made of polyolefin material of the connecting element, which is connected to the end surface of the pipe is in connection, is softened. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the softening of the surface of the connecting element made of polyolefin material in contact with the end face of the tube by frictional rotation of the connecting element is caused with respect to the end face of the pipe. 9,99826 / 0755 -, 20 - 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized by the following steps: A pipe-like element forming part of the connection is inserted into the end of each pipe to be connected used, all ends of the pipes to be connected are arranged in a shape comprising two halves in such a way that that the end edges of the tubular elements in the! form are arranged in their final position, the two halves of the mold are closed, and A hot polyolefin material is injected into the Eorm. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the tubular element which is part of the Forms connection and is inserted into the end of each pipe to be connected, is a tubular rigid core. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 6, characterized in that that tubular elements are used, the part inserted into a pipe to be connected have a smaller diameter than the tube in question, so that there is a gap when the tubular element is inserted is present between the outer surface of the tubular part and the inner wall of the pipe to be connected. 10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that a connecting element is used whose Diameter roughly corresponds to the inside diameter of the pipe to be connected, so that after the insertion of the 9,99826 / 0755 binding element in a pipe end with relative rotation between the connecting element and the pipe friction the contacting surfaces occurs, whereby the heat softening the surface of the connecting element is generated will. 9B9826 / 0755