DE2667C - Precision valve control for steam engines with horizontal double regulator acting directly on the expansion - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LETTERING

Class 14.

FR. FREE LIFE in NIESKY.

Precision valve control for steam engines with direct acting on the expansion Horizontal - double regulator.

Patented in the German Empire on January 20, 1878.

The purpose of the control described below is to avoid the throttling of the steam when the inlet valves open too slowly or too little, as well as the hard hitting when the valves close, by quickly lifting the valves to the height corresponding to the channel cross-section, in this position during the persist throughout the filling period until they close just as quickly, but only in such a way that the valves do not hit their seats hard. '.

For this purpose, the movement is done each Einlafsventils by each one of the control shaft α-driven Daumencylinder b (FIGS. 1 and 5), which lifts by depressing a lever k the valve and is so shaped, that the b from the cylinder b out passing thumb, the ball c of the pressure lever k easily and quickly up onto its lifting surface when it is pressed down and slid off the same again when the valve closes, without allowing the valve to strike.

On the one hand, the thumbs b _x have a limitation parallel to the control shaft, so that the valve lift always takes place in the same crank position, however the thumb cylinder may be displaced along the control shaft. The end limit of the thumb, however, which causes the inference of the valve, forms a helical line, so the valve DAF in in Fig. 2 drawn extremest displacement of Daumencylinders, ie at the lowest regulator position during _o.9 of the whole piston stroke remains lifted, on the other hand at the innermost position of the thumb cylinder, or with the highest regulator position, steam inflow only takes place as a result of the thumb advance of 15 °, but the valve is already closed again when the piston is changed.

The displacement of the thumb cylinders is done by the horizontal double regulator d rotating rapidly between the two on the control shaft, which means that the machine automatically adjusts the expansion. The regulator d receives its movement from the two pairs of wheels ee _x and // 1, so that the control shaft together

Thumb spindles displaceable on springs makes the same tours with the steam engine, while the regulator itself rotates at the greater speed it needs on the control shaft, which is screwed in like a bearing at g, and pulls the thumb cylinders back and forth through the two-part clamps h. In addition, in order to prevent the regulator from working detrimentally on the control, the regulator is provided with two double oil cataracts ii , the piston rods of which are attached to the clamps h.

So that when the thumb cylinders slide back and forth, their friction on the pressure lever k is reduced to a minimum, a ball c is chosen as an intermediate link between the thumb and pressure lever, which is freely supported in a hemispherical claw of the lever k and allows the thumb to move easily in any direction follows without significant friction. In order to reduce the friction, the bottom of the claw is provided with annular recesses, which reduce the bearing surface and at the same time serve to hold oil.

The suspension of the double regulator in the wheel rim is peculiar. The control shaft α , which is screwed in like a bearing neck at g, is enclosed by the two bearing shells η ; these are turned on the outside cylindrically and are held together by a cast piece o pushed over, which is screwed to the wheel rim by two tabs and four screws pf (see Fig. 6). The cast piece 0 now carries by means of bolts , qq the regulator arms rr, and so that the bolts q cannot become loose, they are especially coupled to the wheel rim / i by safety wedges s and protected against rotation. The bearing shells η are also held against rotation by the screws indicated in FIG. 6 in the cast piece 0 . So that the action of the horizontal regulator is not impaired by the weight of the balls, and in particular that there are no corners of the clamps hh , the arms rr of both regulators are designed jointly, so that the balls must be balanced in pairs in every position. This is

Claims (1)

the action of the gravity of the balls on the regulator sleeves b is prevented and only the centrifugal force resulting from their mass and speed comes into effect, which, analogously to the loaded sleeves of the standing regulators, counteract the two spiral springs // and is the made device, the regulator by tightening or easing of double nuts DAF mm accuracy are justirt can on its speed. The geometrical connection of the regulator is borrowed from known constructions; the only difference from the usual constructions is the doubling and laying horizontally, as well as the direct intervention of the same in the thumb cylinders b. Both outlet valves are moved by a crank t wedged onto the control shaft α which, by means of the pull rod u and the lever ν, sets the common shaft w in oscillating motion. This shaft w is mounted under the outlet valves (Fig. 4) in such a way that the lifting thumbs χ χ, in opposite directions, act alternately on the valves. These lifting thumbs have dead gear during half of their stroke, ie they only grip the valve spindle when they have assumed their highest speed, so that the opening of the valves is as quick as possible. With a lead angle of 12 '/ ₂ ° of the crank / the outlet valves are opened a little before the end of the stroke and closed just as much before the start of the new stroke, which causes the compression. Since the shaft w is not parallel to the control shaft α , so the crank t is moving in a different plane than the lever v, both must be provided with ball studs so that the pull rod u is left with the two. gens can only follow slightly diverging directions of movement without jamming. The general arrangement of the control is chosen in such a way that the valves are accommodated in casings cast on the side of the cylinder, the harmful space being reduced as far as possible by an attached cast piece (FIGS. 1 and 7). This arrangement means that the bearings and levers of the control do not become long, and the tie rods ζ and u can be placed vertically; but the arrangement could just as well have been made in such a way that the valves are equally tight above or below. would be attached below the steam cylinder. This would by no means alter the control system in its essence, only that pressure levers k and tie rods ζ and u would then be moved into an inclined position. All valves are pressed onto their seats by spiral springs, which only have to overcome the stuffing box friction and the steam pressure acting on the cross section of the valve spindle; and the position of the pressure lever k below the thumb b. enables, because it is only subjected to tension, a very weak and light pull rod z, which is adjusted by right and left threads in such a way that the ball c remains about% mm away from b when the valve is closed. In order to balance the weight of the pull rod z and the one-sided pressure lever k in larger machines, each pressure lever k is extended beyond its pivot point and provided with a displaceable counterweight Z ₁ . It should also be noted that the regulator and control shaft rotate in the same direction, so that here, although the former has a greater speed than the latter, there are still no such significant frictional resistances as in other constructions, where the vertical regulator opens and closes a non-rotating sleeve moved away and running in fixed bearings. Patent claim: The whole composition of the precision control, as by Drawing and description proven. 1 sheet of drawings.