DE2653391A1 - Simultaneous display of different electrical signals and functions - is designed for colour TV receiver using amplifier and matrix circuits - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and circuit are for forming electrical signals or functions using an electron beam oscilloscope working on the raster principle are partic. suitable for demonstration applications. They permit the different signals or functions to be differently displayed. The signals or functions may be simultaneously represented on a commercial colour TV receiver. The circuit contains amplifiers for each signal with gain adjustment and null adjustment, separated pref. by optical decouplers. Each channel contains a comparator and differentiator producing gate pulses which control the receiver tube intensity and colour via a matrix circuit.

Description

Method and circuit arrangements for mapping

electrical signals or functions with the help of an electron beam Os zilloskops The invention relates to a method and circuit arrangements for imaging electrical signals or functions with the help of an electron beam oscilloscope according to the grid method, especially for demonstration purposes.

It is known to have several voltage waveforms for electrical signals at the same time with the help of an oscilloscope graphically represent.

Several voltage curves are also known for demonstration purposes on the screen of a black-and-white receiver either directly or at the same time with the help of a Xamera.

If a larger number of signals or functions, e.g. often also the products, sums or differences of various Signals are shown, so are the various graphs shown with respect to difficult to distinguish between their assignment.

The invention is based on the object of a method and circuit arrangements for mapping electrical signals or functions with the aid of an electron beam oscilloscope to create according to the raster method, through the various signals or functions can be represented differently in a special way.

This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Developments of the invention are given in the subordinate claims.

The invention has the particular advantages that it has a large area - and therefore particularly suitable for demonstration purposes - colored representation of the Any commercially available color television receiver provides oscillograms for this purpose can be used, the additional circuit, possibly only in an additional device, needs to be accommodated, so that the equipment is extremely economical or can be produced cheaply.

There is no camera. All inputs are absolutely potential-free and can be voltages, currents, characteristics, modulations and other desired functions always display in the same color. With the help of an internal product designer and at the push of a button, for example, the reactive power is also in a continuously repeatable, characteristic color.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and described in more detail below.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are shown schematically in block form Circuit diagrams for carrying out the method according to the invention, FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d diagrams to explain the invention.

In the figure 1 channels A, B, C are shown. Because these three channels are designed similarly, the description of a channel is sufficient.

For example, let the A-channel be for blue, the channel for red and the C-channel intended for green. The three channels are only shown as examples been. Further channels can also be provided, the mixable colors accomplish with separate channels. At the input, e.g. of the A channel, is the quantity to be measured, e.g. an electrical signal, is applied. This comes to you Input amplifier la (corresponding to tb, in ...

the other channels) with input divider or attenuator using for example a step switch and / or fine adjuster 2 (coarse and fine attenuator), which set the size of the representation of the associated voltage on the screen The input voltage goes to stage 3 for galvanic isolation, which can be designed as an optocoupler and comprises a bandwidth that is zero goes out (i.e. in contrast to a transformer, level 3 can also generate direct voltage galvanically separated). Stage 3 can consist of a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor exist and in this way a galvanic separation for direct and alternating voltage achieve.

Stage 3 is followed by a post-amplifier 4 (compensation of the Stage 3 attenuation). It is an adder or operational amplifier and has the function of amplifying the signal and also a direct current component, for example with the help of an arrangement 4a to introduce the zero position of the image to be able to choose.

An analog comparator 5 is connected to the post-amplifier 4. In this case, the output state changes when the signal exceeds a reference value or falls below. In this case, the deflection saw serves as the reference value. tooth tension. The incoming variable to be compared is supplied via line 5a, and via 5b is the comparison with the reference or sawtooth voltage. To the generation A line blanking pulse ZAI (12out) is first separated from this reference voltage generated (which is used to synchronize the color television receiver).

In an integrator 7 the line blanking pulse becomes a sawtooth integrated (e.g. 64 es for one line) and then, as described, via the Line 5b is fed to the analog comparator 5. In this there is a tension comparison instead of. If the signal voltage is more positive than the reference voltage, the comparator leads a positive output voltage. However, if the signal is more negative than the reference variable, so the output of the analog comparator 5 carries a negative voltage, i.

occurs when the signal changes over the magnitude of the reference voltage a voltage jump 8 at the output of the comparator. This voltage jump is shown in an RC circuit 9 differentiates and gives the pulse 10, so that e.g. positive voltage of the comparator creates a positive voltage pulse, whose Duration determines the line width of the oscillogram, depending on the dimensioning of the RC element.

The pulse 10 reaches a matrix circuit 11.

Here the electrical signals are corresponding voltage values assigned that are suitable for controlling the color output stages of a color television receiver are. The channels A to C can be provided for any color, e.g. blue, red or green, but also for all mixed colors that can be created (e.g. by several can be controlled together, thereby creating the desired mixed colors can be).

A sum and difference calculator is provided for channels A and B, to be able to add or subtract the voltages of these channels. Accordingly is a line 14 coming from channel A and a line 15 coming from channel B intended. In addition to the total and differential voltages, there are also product voltages To be able to display on the screen, a product builder 13 is provided which is the product of the voltages of channels A and B. The feeding of these tensions takes place via the line 14 or 15. A comparator 16, the mode of operation of the of the analog comparator 5, you can selectively switch 20 to the summation or difference generator 12 or the Prcduktbildner 13 are placed. r this way additional comparators can be saved.

A voltage jump 17 generated by the comparator 16 is generated in the same way how the voltage jump 8 of the comparator 5 is generated. A differentiator 18 corresponds the differentiator 9 and the pulse 19 the pulse 10.

Should a product or sum or difference formation from other channels are carried out, only the inputs have to be swapped accordingly or to select the channels accordingly from the start.

The pulse 19 is given a particular color in the matrix circuit, e.g. cyan, assigned (since the basic colors have already been assigned for the other channels and it is advisable to provide a clearly distinguishable color for this, for example, the color television receiver test pattern can serve as an example.

The matrix circuit 11 is assigned a switch 11a. This allowed esX to carry out the normal assignment of colors in position 11a1, i.e. the Channel A = blue, channel B = red and channel C = green. When switching In position 11a2 there is a certain other assignment, for example the Corresponds to the standard colors of the three-phase current, i.e.

A = purple, B = yellow and C = green. It thus takes place in this case a color swap takes place, e.g. instead of blue the sum of blue and red is formed, so that the control of the color picture tube results in a violet color.

The outputs of the matrix circuit 11 result in a red at 21a 21b a blue control and at 21c a green control. These outputs can be either for direct control of the color picture tube of a standard color television receiver are used or its color output stages or the matrix outputs 21a, 21b, 21c are converted into a composite video signal with subsequent conversion to color television standards AF modulation is used and in this case via the antenna input of the color television receiver fed in.

Lines 14, 15 and 22 go to one shown in FIG Trigger selector switch ABC. Here, a contact A is the one shown in FIG Line 14, the contact B, the line 15 and the contact C, the line 22 is connected. At the contact 23 there is also an alternating voltage which is phase-locked to the mains.

The line of the trigger selector switch ABC leads to a Schmitt trigger and pulse shaper 24. The voltages of any voltage form coming from the channels are converted into a square wave signal 25, with one more selectable There is delay which, as an arrow 26 indicates, is a horizontal shift in the image enables. The pulse sequence formed from the square-wave signals 25 forms the image synchronization signal for the recipient. From this pulse sequence the square-wave signals 25 are in the circuit BAI image blanking signals formed. The image sync pulses (same frequency but of different duration and position) are generated from the pulse shaper stage 28 (e.g. can consist of a monostable vibrator).

In a further pulse shaper stage 29 with a selectable delay (through the arrow 31 indicated) a signal is generated at the same time that a single depicts vertical line 30 (Figure 3). This variable vertical line can as the ordinate in an axilla resp.

used as a so-called light pointer stick and can be attached to any Position of the screen, e.g. for demonstration purposes (double arrow 31).

Furthermore, an oscillator 32 is provided, which acts as a mother generator serves. It has the following tasks 1. Delivery of a line sync pulse 2. Generation of the horizontal measuring grid lines 3. Generation of the vertical measuring grid lines.

The oscillator 32 oscillates at twenty times the line frequency = 20 x fz. It works on a divider 33 with the division ratio 1 to 20, i.e. it divides the frequency down to 15,625 Hz. This voltage reaches the line 34 to a line blanking pulse shaper 35 and a line synchronizing pulse shaper 36.

A second output is also provided on the oscillator 32, via the differentiating element 37 is connected to the line 38. This part of the circuit is used for marking the horizontal measuring grid lines 39 shown in FIG.

A connection to a pulse shaping circuit is provided via line 34 (FIG. 2) 40 is provided, through which a single horizontal line as the center line 41 of the Measurement grid (Figure 3) is generated. The line 34 also leads to two dividers 42 with a divider ratio of 13 to 1 or an adjustable divider 43 of 3 to 1 or 2 to 1. This lowers the right measuring grid lines 44 (FIG. 3) in the Distance of 150 300 or 450 based on 50 Hz generated and using the switch 45 selected The signals from circuits 27, 28, 35, 36, 33e, 40, 29, 42, 43 and 45 are combined in an adding circuit 46 to form a BAS signal. This controls either the first stage behind the video demodulator in the color television receiver or becomes an FBAS signal (corresponding to the one described with reference to FIG Alternative) and then passed on for RF modulation.

In Figure 3a to 3d are some examples of the inventive Arrangement shown images of the electrical signals or functions specified.

Thus, Figure 3a shows the three-phase components ii, i2, i3 with a 15 ° grid, where, for example, il = green, i2 - violet and i3 = yellow can be shown.

FIG. 3b shows a representation for current, voltage and power curves i, u, N, where the current curve is red, the voltage curve is blue and the power curve is can be cayn-colored.

The superimposition of two channels can be seen from FIG. 3c. Here F1 represents the voltage with the high frequency, F2 the voltage with the low frequency and F3 represents the superposition of the two. For example, F1 = blue-, F2 = red and F3 = cyan must be selected.

Figure 3d gives an example for the representation of the amplitude modulation, e.g. by means of multiplicative mixing.

The high-frequency voltage HF can be red, the low-frequency voltage NF = blue and the modulation resp.

the product will be displayed in cyan.

The circuits described can be implemented particularly advantageously if they are built into an attachment and a standard color television receiver serves as a viewing device.

9 Claims. Reference signs used German A, B, C channels 1a, 1b, 1c. Input amplifier with Input divider 2a, 2b, 2c. Step switch and / or Fine adjusters 3a, 3b, 3c. Isolation stage or optocouple 4 ... post-amplifier, adder verse: more powerful 4a, 4b, 4c. Zero position setting switch 5 ... analog comparator 5a, 5b ... lines ZAI line blanking pulse 7 integrator 8a, b, c voltage jump 9a, 9b, 9c. RC circuits 1Oa, b, c Differentiated impulse 11 Matrix circuit 12 Sums and Difference Formers r 13 product builders 14, 15 lines 16 comparator 17 Voltage jump 18 differentiator 19 impulse 20 selector switches 11 a color selector switch 11a1, 11a2 switch positions 21a, b, c matrix outputs 22 lines 23 Connection, contacts 24 Schmitt trigger and pulse former 25 pulse (train) 26 arrow VrwePldete reference character German 27, 28, 29 pulse shaper stages 30 vertical line 31 double arrow 32 oscillator 33 dividers 34 lines 35 line blanking pulse shaper 36 line synchronous pulse shaper 37 differentiator 38 lines 39 measuring grid line 40 Pulse Shaper Circuit 41 center line 42, 43 dividers 44 measuring grid line 45 switches 46 Adding circuit i1, i2, i3 currents u voltage N performance fl, high frequency f2 low frequency f3 superimposition frequency HF high frequency NF low frequency M modulation

Claims (9)

Claims 1. Method for mapping electrical signals or Functions with the help of an electron beam oscilloscope according to the raster method, especially for demonstration purposes, characterized in that oscillograms different signals or functions simultaneously through complete or partial Use of a standard color television receiver with the help of various Color choice to be mapped. Circuit arrangement for carrying out the method w according to claim 1, characterized in that that according to the desired number of the maximum A corresponding number of inputs is provided for signals to be mapped at the same time is, in a manner known per se, input amplifiers (la, 1b, 1c ...) with input attenuators (2a, 2b, 2c ...) and zero position setting circuits (4a, 4b, 4c ...) which however, a circuit for mutual and ground-side potential isolation in each channel (3a, 3b, 3c ...), preferably with the help of an optocoupler, and that each Channel a comparator (5 ...) with a downstream differentiating element (9a, 9b, 9c ...) has, the outputs of which generate gating pulses with the help of a matrix circuit (11) the color picture tube of the receiver according to the raster method according to the key the desired colors lightly. 3. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that from the signals each two channels simultaneously sum, difference or Product signals (product generator 13, or sum and difference generator 12) generated be what about at least one comparator (16) for light sensing the picture tube are each switched in a different color via a matrix circuit (11). 4. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized c indicates that an integrator (7) from the in the pulse part (Figure 2) of the circuit generated line blanking pulses generates a sawtooth voltage (integrator 7), which is used as a reference signal for all comparators (5 ... 16). 5. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that the matrix circuit (11) from the signals of the comparators (5 ... 16) with the help percentage evaluation circuits the three outputs (21a, 21b, 21c) for control assigns corresponding mixed voltage values to the blue, red or green beam, in such a way that certain colors correspond to the corresponding channels and with the help outer switch (11a, blue, 11a2) certain color changes can be switched on. 6. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 2 to 5, characterized in that that a circuit is provided which is necessary for a color television receiver Image, line blanking and synchronization pulses and additional vertical and horizontal (white) measuring grid lines in different selectable numbers, partly manually shiftable, generated and added to the BAS signal in an adder circuit (46), which is fed in after the video demodulator in the color television receiver. 7. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that that the output signals of the matrix circuit (11) and the adder circuit (46) are direct the electrodes of the color television receiver picture tube or the color output stages and behind are fed to the video demodulator. 8. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that that the output signals of the matrix circuit (11) and the adder circuit (46) to mixed with a color television standard-compliant composite signal, modulated onto an HF carrier and are fed to the antenna input of the color television receiver. 9. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized q indicates that the signal conditioning circuit (Figure 1) and the synchronous and raster pulse generation circuit (Figure 2) built into an adapter and a standard color television receiver is provided as a viewing device.