DE2645374A1 - Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundaries - Google Patents
Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundariesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2645374A1 DE2645374A1 DE19762645374 DE2645374A DE2645374A1 DE 2645374 A1 DE2645374 A1 DE 2645374A1 DE 19762645374 DE19762645374 DE 19762645374 DE 2645374 A DE2645374 A DE 2645374A DE 2645374 A1 DE2645374 A1 DE 2645374A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- doping
- polycrystalline silicon
- silicon
- solar cells
- temperature treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 solar cells Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B1/00—Single-crystal growth directly from the solid state
- C30B1/02—Single-crystal growth directly from the solid state by thermal treatment, e.g. strain annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/60—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Herstellen von für Halbleiterbauelemente verwend-Process for the manufacture of semiconductor components used
barem polskristallinem Silicium.polar crystalline silicon.
Die vorliegende Patentanmeldung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von für Halbleiterbauelemente wie z. B. Solarzellen verwendbarem polykristallinem Silicium.The present patent application relates to a method of manufacturing of for semiconductor components such. B. Solar cells usable polycrystalline Silicon.
Zur Herstellung von aus Silicium bestehenden Halbleiterbauelementen wie Solarzellen läßt sich ein Siliciummaterial verwenden, an welches in Bezug auf seine Kristallqualität und Reinheit keine so großen Anforderungen gestellt werden müssen wie bei der Verwendung für integrierte Schaltkreise. Da diese Bauelemente im Vergleich zu den integrierten Schaltkreisen sehr billig sein müssen, soll auch die Herstellung der Siliciumkörper, welche als Ausgangsmaterial verwendet werden, möglichst einfach und billig sein.For the production of semiconductor components made of silicon like solar cells, a silicon material can be used to which, in relation to its crystal quality and purity are not so demanding must as when using for integrated circuits. Because these components Must be very cheap compared to the integrated circuits should also the production of the silicon bodies, which are used as starting material, be as simple and cheap as possible.
Wegen seiner im Kristallinnern auftretenden zahlreichen Korngrenzen (das sind Grenzlinien, die die einzelnen Kristallbereiche im Polykristall voneinander trennen und die besonders empfänglich für das Anlagern von Verunreinigungen sind) ist aber das polykristalline Silicium für den Einsatz für elektronische Bauelemente und auch für Solarzellen nicht oder nur bedingt anwendbar.Because of its numerous grain boundaries occurring in the crystal interior (These are boundary lines that separate the individual crystal areas in the polycrystalline from one another and which are particularly susceptible to the accumulation of impurities) but polycrystalline silicon is used for electronic components and also not or only conditionally applicable for solar cells.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die vorhandenen Korngrenzen so weit zu mindern, daß die Weiterverarbeitung des polykristallinen Siliciums zu billigen Halbleiterbauelementen wie z. B.The object of the invention is therefore the existing grain boundaries so to reduce far that the further processing of the polycrystalline silicon to cheap Semiconductor components such. B.
Solarzellen ermöglicht werden kann.Solar cells can be made possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch gelöst, daß zunächst ein dotierter polykristalliner Siliciumkörper hergestellt wird, der zur Verminderung seiner Korngrenzen anschließend einer Temperaturbehandlung bei Temperaturen größer 12000C unterzogen wird, wobei die Dauer der Temperaturbehandlung in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe der Dotierung und dem gewünschten Rekristallisationsgrad eingestellt wird.This object is achieved by the method according to the invention in that that first a doped polycrystalline silicon body is produced, which to reduce its grain boundaries, then undergo a temperature treatment Temperatures greater than 12000C is subjected, the duration of the temperature treatment depending on the level of doping and the desired degree of recrystallization is set.
Dabei liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß der Dotierprozeß so durchgeführt wird, daß im polykristallinen Silicium eine Dotierung von mindestens 1015 Atomen/cm) entsteht. Durch die eingebauten Dotierstoffatome wird der Kristallumlagerungsprozeß wesentlich begünstigt; an undotiertem polykristallinem Silicium konnte dieser Effekt nur schwach beobachtet werden.It is within the scope of the invention that the doping process is carried out in this way is that in polycrystalline silicon a doping of at least 1015 atoms / cm) arises. The crystal rearrangement process is triggered by the built-in dopant atoms substantially favored; on undoped polycrystalline silicon this effect could can only be observed weakly.
Als dotierende Stoffe werden wegen ihrer leichten Handhabung die Elemente Bor und auch Phosphor verwendet.The elements are used as doping substances because of their easy handling Boron and also phosphorus are used.
Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Lehre der Erfindung erfolgt die Dotierung bei der Herstellung des polykristallinen Siliciums durch thermische Zersetzung und Abscheidung des Materials aus der Gasphase auf erhitzte Trägerkörper. Dabei können diese Trägerkörper aus Graphit- bzw. Keramikplatten oder aber auch aus den entsprechenden Bändern und natürlich auch aus Silicium selbst bestehen.According to an embodiment according to the teaching of the invention the doping in the production of polycrystalline silicon by thermal Decomposition and deposition of the material from the gas phase on heated support bodies. This support body can be made of graphite or ceramic plates or else consist of the corresponding strips and of course also of silicon itself.
Gemäß einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Lehre der Erfindung wird die Dotierung durch gleichzeitiges Aufdampfen von Silicium und Dotierstoff auf geeignete Trägerkörper durchgeführt, wobei die Trägerkörper gegebenenfalls nach dem Aufdampfprozeß auf chemischem oder mechanischem Wege wieder entfernt werden können.According to another embodiment according to the teaching of the invention the doping is done by simultaneous vapor deposition of silicon and dopant carried out on suitable carrier bodies, the carrier body optionally after the evaporation process can be removed again chemically or mechanically can.
Es ist aber auch möglich, den dotierten polykristallinen Siliciumkörper durch Gießen von schmelzflüssigem, mit Dotierstoff versetztem Silicium herzustellen. ß Die Temperaturbehandlung wird wegen der geforderten Reinheit in einer Wasserstoff enthaltenden Atmosphäre oder in Inertgas durchgeführt, kann aber auch bei in Kauf nehmen einer geringen Oxidationsschicht auf dem Silicium an Luft durchgeführt werden.But it is also possible to use the doped polycrystalline silicon body by casting molten doped silicon. ß The temperature treatment is because of the required purity in carried out in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere or in inert gas, but can even if there is a slight oxidation layer on the silicon in air be performed.
Eine brauchbare Verminderung der Korngrenzen tritt bereits ein, wenn gemäß der Lehre der Erfindung die Dauer der Temperaturbehandlung auf eine Stunde eingestellt wird.A useful reduction in grain boundaries occurs when according to the teaching of the invention, the duration of the temperature treatment to one hour is set.
Eine gute Rekristallisation wird gemäß einem besonders günstigen Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Lehre der Erfindung erhalten, wenn bei einer Dotierung von etwa 1017 Atome Dotierung/cm3 Silicium eine Temperzeit von 50 Stunden bei einer Temperatur von 130000 eingestellt wird. Dabei wird eine Reduzierung der Zahl der Kristallite auf ca. 1/10 ihres ursprünglichen Wertes erreicht.A good recrystallization is achieved according to a particularly favorable embodiment obtained according to the teaching of the invention when with a doping of about 1017 atoms Doping / cm3 silicon an annealing time of 50 hours at a temperature of 130,000 is set. The number of crystallites is reduced to about 1/10 reached their original value.
Das Verfahren nach der Lehre der Erfindung ist besonders gut geeignet für die Herstellung von Solarzellen aus polykristallinem Silicium, die z. Zt. noch wegen ihrer Kornstruktur nur ungenügende Energieausbeuten liefern. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann ein dotiertes polykristallines Silicium mit einem Gehalt an Kristalliten von kleiner als 10.000/cm3 hergestellt werden; bei entsprechend dünnen Siliciumschichten können sogar Werte von kleiner als 1000/cm2 erzielt werden. Dadurch können die durch das Tiegelziehverfahren oder Zonenschmelzverfahren zur Uberführung in den einkristallinen Zustand erforderlichen sehr aufwendigen Arbeitsgänge und die durch das Zerteilen der Stäbe in Scheiben bedingten Materialverluste weitestgehend umgangen bzw. vermieden werden.The method according to the teaching of the invention is particularly well suited for the production of solar cells made of polycrystalline silicon, which z. Currently still due to their grain structure only deliver inadequate energy yields. By the invention Method can be a doped polycrystalline silicon with a content of crystallites produced from less than 10,000 / cm3; with correspondingly thin silicon layers even values of less than 1000 / cm2 can be achieved. This allows the the crucible pulling process or zone melting process for conversion to the monocrystalline State required very complex work processes and those caused by the cutting The material losses caused by the rods in slices are largely avoided or avoided will.
12 Patentansprüche12 claims
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762645374 DE2645374A1 (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1976-10-07 | Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundaries |
| IT28231/77A IT1087729B (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1977-10-04 | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON USEFUL FOR SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS |
| JP12046877A JPS5347286A (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1977-10-06 | Method of producing polycrystalline silicon used for semiconductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762645374 DE2645374A1 (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1976-10-07 | Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundaries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2645374A1 true DE2645374A1 (en) | 1978-04-13 |
Family
ID=5989951
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762645374 Ceased DE2645374A1 (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1976-10-07 | Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundaries |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5347286A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2645374A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1087729B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2435515A1 (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1980-04-04 | Itt | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF SHEET OR STRIP AND SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT THUS OBTAINED |
| WO2010060673A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-06-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thick epitaxial silicon by grain reorientation annealing and applications thereof |
| WO2012073205A1 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Method for preparing a coarse-grain crystallised silicon layer |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5893860A (en) * | 1981-11-30 | 1983-06-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Manufacture of high strength copper alloy with high electric conductivity |
| JPH01147032A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-06-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Conductor for extra fine winding wire |
| JPH04177880A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1992-06-25 | Canon Inc | Solar cell and method for manufacturing the solar cell |
-
1976
- 1976-10-07 DE DE19762645374 patent/DE2645374A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1977
- 1977-10-04 IT IT28231/77A patent/IT1087729B/en active
- 1977-10-06 JP JP12046877A patent/JPS5347286A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2435515A1 (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1980-04-04 | Itt | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF SHEET OR STRIP AND SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT THUS OBTAINED |
| WO2010060673A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-06-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thick epitaxial silicon by grain reorientation annealing and applications thereof |
| US7914619B2 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2011-03-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thick epitaxial silicon by grain reorientation annealing and applications thereof |
| WO2012073205A1 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Method for preparing a coarse-grain crystallised silicon layer |
| FR2968316A1 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CRYSTALLIZED SILICON LAYER WITH BIG GRAINS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5347286A (en) | 1978-04-27 |
| IT1087729B (en) | 1985-06-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0362492B1 (en) | Process for producing high temperature superconductor and shaped product thereof | |
| DE69130802T2 (en) | METHOD FOR REACHING CONTROLLED DEPOSITION PROFILES IN SILICON WOOF | |
| DE2927086C2 (en) | Process for producing plate- or ribbon-shaped silicon crystal bodies with column structure for solar cells | |
| DE112012002094B4 (en) | Silicon carbide powder and process for the production of silicon carbide powder | |
| DE10205084B4 (en) | Process for the thermal treatment of a silicon wafer and silicon wafer produced thereby | |
| DE10217946A1 (en) | Quartz glass crucible and method of manufacturing the same | |
| DE2152066A1 (en) | Silicon nitride ceramics and processes for their manufacture | |
| DE112016002091T5 (en) | Silicon epitaxial wafers and method of making the same | |
| DE1769298C3 (en) | Process for the epitaxial growth of silicon or germanium on a substrate made of monocrystalline sapphire | |
| DE69414652T2 (en) | Improved process for the formation of silicone crystals | |
| DE2758888C2 (en) | Process for the production of the purest silicon monocrystals | |
| DE3019635A1 (en) | IMPROVEMENT OF A METHOD FOR PRODUCING PANEL, RIBBON OR FILM-SHAPED SILICON CRYSTAL BODIES FOR SOLAR CELLS | |
| DE2645374A1 (en) | Polycrystalline doped silicon prodn. for semiconductors - e.g. solar cells, includes tempering to reduce grain boundaries | |
| DE2857639C2 (en) | Planar P 2 O 5 and Al 2 O 3 containing dopant sources | |
| DD279465A5 (en) | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SELF-CARRYING CERAMIC BODY WITH A STRAIGHT FORM | |
| DE3531790A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE (BETA) FORM OF SI (DOWN ARROW) 3 (DOWN ARROW) N (DOWN ARROW) 4 (DOWN ARROW) | |
| DE3880029T2 (en) | Process for removing parts from silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride. | |
| DE102015103450A1 (en) | Process for producing a SIC single crystal substrate | |
| DE1667604B1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CRYSTALLINE CADMIUM TELLURIDE | |
| EP0501231B1 (en) | Process for the production of metal foils and their use | |
| DE3413585A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CERAMIC SINTER BODIES | |
| DE1564373C3 (en) | Alloy diffusion process for the manufacture of a silicon diode | |
| DE3390296C2 (en) | ||
| CH665849A5 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AMORPHOUS ALLOYS. | |
| EP0472876B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of shaped bodies from high-temperature superconductor precursors |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8126 | Change of the secondary classification |
Free format text: C30B 31/00 C30B 29/06 H01L 31/18 |
|
| 8131 | Rejection |