DE2512168A1 - GLAZING UNIT AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS INSTALLATION AS ADDITIONAL TO EXISTING GLAZING - Google Patents

Description

re \ g, Mar 1975

DR. IVk. Dr-L-CHPM. WAITER Betl AiFiiit ^\: ■ ■; ■ ·:..... ■■ ":? DR SVx '■ = --..., ν _(> 3, WOLPP DR jbv ..; ■ _·.!.. .- · ;. UClL

FRAM; :: - i .. 'if Α ,, Ι AdAiN-HOCHSf

Our no. 19 772

PPG Industries, Ine.
Pittsburgh, Pa., V.St.A.

Glazing unit and its installation procedure as an addition to existing glazing

The present invention relates to the conversion of already installed simple glass windows in double or multiple windows, in particular improved components and methods for Attaching an additional pane of glass, if necessary with the help of a spacer, to an existing penster under Formation of a double-glazed window with a hermetically sealed, insulating air space between the panes.

Although it has long been known that double windows are essential have better insulating properties than simple glass windows,

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

most buildings with simple glass window breath for cost reasons Mistake. With the rapid rise in the cost of heating and cooling buildings, this economy proved itself as wrong. It has therefore become increasingly desirable to convert the single glass windows to double windows, not just for the purpose Improvement of the insulating properties, but also because of the Benefits that can be achieved by adding a colored or reflective coated pane. Unfortunately caused the removal of existing windows and the installation new double windows in their place such cost of work and materials that make this path honorable

The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide methods and means for rapid and simple conversion a simple glass window into a double window by anchoring an additional pane of glass to the existing installation. The present invention is particularly directed to easy handling, safe shipping and / or storage, easy installation and good adaptability to any Window size or frame construction, improved texture geared towards the moisture barrier and increased strength.

Various attempts have already been made to get second Install panes of glass in place; however, there are certain drawbacks to all proposals, those of their application opposed. A typical attempt according to the prior art is shown in US Pat. No. 2,436,037, according to which a Rubber waterproofing serves as a spacer and putty. The rubber-to-glass seal used here provides a relatively poor moisture barrier because most natural and synthetic rubbers are somewhat permeable are so that condensation on the surfaces of the air gap can occur. Sunlight also changes rubber

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and weather conditions degraded. The arrangement can only be attached from the outside with relatively deep frames, which in numerous Cases, especially in large buildings, is a major disadvantage. Furthermore, sealing difficulties arise the miter.

Another prior art proposal is US Pat. No. 3,299,591, according to which a strip of epoxy resin is used as a Spacer and sealant is used. This arrangement creates only a short barrier against the ingress of Moisture, and the epoxy resin, which is obviously used because of its high adhesive strength and curability at room temperature is not a reliable sealing material because of its permeability to water vapor and its soapiness at lower levels Temperature. Obviously, in order to obtain an acceptable appearance, the epoxy resin must also be fitted with a special device be extruded or cast on site.

US Pat. No. 3,573,149 contains a further proposal. According to this proposal, a Neo = pren mass melted and hardened in situ. Here, too, the barrier that penetrating moisture has to overcome is of short length, and the curable thermoplastic material * required is not noteworthy in terms of its property as a moisture barrier. Installation requires the Use of a special electrical device at the construction site and longer heating times. At the installation uneven heating can occur, which in turn leads to an uneven seal.

Additional glazing of a different type to be applied is also from US-PSS 1 777 435 relating to automobile windows, 1 945 742 and 2 098127 are known. In all three cases there is a lack of durability of the seal, which is required in construction.

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does. In either case, there will be an unprotected organic spacer used, which is subject to moisture penetration.

Certain advantages over the prior art are obtained when mounting the spacer in a factory or central distribution point. These advantages include the economics of mass production, the formation of better bonds and seals due to the availability of special machines, less limitation on of the materials to be used and a more uniform product because of the better quality control and the Use of experienced staff.

Such prefabrication would be even more beneficial if shipping and handling of the prefabricated elements could be done in a practical manner. One problem is that it is usually preferred to use spacers containing a desiccant, which desiccant must be protected from atmospheric moisture during shipping. It is often desirable to apply a reflective coating to the surface of the pane that faces the insulating space. However, many such coatings are sensitive, and during shipment of the elements of the coatings can be damaged _e Further, since the directed towards the air gap surface of the disc embarrassing at the time of installation clean must be due to influence of the atmosphere and galling, it would be advantageous if in the factory could perform rigorous cleaning operations and keep the surface clean from contaminants during shipping and handling.

A proposal aimed in this direction is known from US Pat. No. 1,915,09s. A peelable layer of Holland cloth

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-ο-

(heavily finished linen) is placed over the open side of the element and attached to the spacer around it. The proposal is disadvantageous because of the large amount of material required, because it also has a moisture-proof seal is difficult to reach and because the leaning position is shifting and can tear.

It is therefore another object of the invention to provide an improved method and means of shipping, for storage and handling of those to be added to existing windows Glazing units. The invention is not only applicable to the specific embodiments shown, but on the handling of each glazing unit, its Air space is temporarily open.

Most of the buildings built in recent years are glazed with clear glass. With the increasing popularity of the Air conditioners and rising energy costs made it desirable to reduce the amount of water entering through the glazing Keeping sun rays lower than is the case with ordinary clear glass. So it has been in recent years It is increasingly common to glaze new buildings with glass that absorbs and / or more radiation than ordinary glass reflects, in particular radiation from or near the infrared range of the spectrum. However, the removal of windows from existing buildings and their replacement with new glass is too expensive in terms of material and labor, and also impractical for large buildings that are glazed from the outside.

A common and commercially available means of reduction The radiation penetrating through existing glass windows consists of thin, colored plastic sheeting attached to the inside the window can be attached. However, this results in numerous disadvantages, which are particularly evident in a

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Reduction in optical fidelity, insufficient reduction solar energy and susceptibility to scratching, making cleaning difficult. Air bubbles trapped between the film and glass can also be uncomfortable his

The invention also reduces the amount of existing Glazing striving to penetrate solar radiation, in particular the addition of a colored or coated Glass to an existing window to reduce glare and / or the penetration of solar energy.

According to the invention, a spacer element is attached to the outer edge of a glass pane to be added to an installed window, that provides a moisture-resistant barrier and / or the improved strength of the part. The one with stripes and spacer-provided glass panel is then attached to the already installed panel by applying a sticky, preferably non-hardening putty material between spacers and installed glass pane and then press both together.

The invention also relates to a component consisting of a pane of glass, on the outer edge of which a spacer element is attached is. Such components can be mass-produced cheaply in a production or central distribution facility which frees the glazier from almost all assembly work on the construction site and ensures more consistent quality.

The invention also relates to a new double or multiple window of several, essentially parallel disks, which are installed according to the invention at the construction site and has increased sealing effect and strength »

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- I -

According to the invention, arrangements of two also need to be added Glazing units provided, which face each other with the side associated with the air gap, while the gap is temporarily sealed so that an essentially airtight seal is obtained which the inner surfaces and the desiccant are protected. The gap is preferably by a with a Adhesive or putty coated tape sealed. At the construction site, these units are separated by removing the tape pulls or cuts open.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a, colored or reflective coated transparent glass pane directly with a thin layer of moisture-resistant Fixed putty material between opposing edge surfaces on an installed window. One works without spacer element, which minimizes the air space and the overall thickness of the unit. The resulting Unit effectively reduces the transfer of solar radiation without causing any particular problems with regard to the Durability as with the use of plastic films occur and without the optical fidelity noticeably impaired Furthermore, the use of glass allows very different radiation-absorbing and / or reflecting means, which are extremely effective and can be easily adapted to a wide variety of requirements and conditions.

The putty material used according to the invention is selected so that that it is flowable when the additional disk is pressed onto the installed disk. The pressure can be applied by applying a vacuum to the air gap, and / or by mechanical leverage. The air gap can be flushed with dry air, or a thin strip of desiccant can be placed in it.

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The following description provides a full understanding of the invention in conjunction with the drawings in which the following is shown:

Figure 1 is an interior view of a typical simple glass window on which the present invention is practiced can.

Fiegur 2 shows a cross section through a & * nd strut η ^ wherein an organic spacer and cement material to a moisture-resistant band appliziert'sind according einef Ausführungsfonn the Erf indungo. '

Figure 3 is a cross section through another embodiment of the edge, t ripe.

Figure 4 shows a cross section through the. Edge.strip according to Figure 2 after application to the outer edge, a pane of glass *

FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the arrangement according to FIG. 4 after application of the cement material.

FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the arrangement according to FIG. 5 in the form packaged for handling and shipping. FIG. 7 shows a cross section through the arrangement according to FIG. 5 in a further packaged form.

FIG. 8 is a view of the window structure according to FIG. 1 after being converted into a double window according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a cross section along the line 9-9 of FIG. 8 after the installation of the arrangement according to FIG. 4 has been completed. Figure 10 is a partial view of a window after installation of the double window in which the evacuation of the airspace is shown will.

Figure 11 is a partial view showing an evacuation tube inserted at the joint.

Figure 12 is a cross section of one made in accordance with the present invention Double window showing a different treatment suitable for narrow window frames.

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FIG. 13 shows a further arrangement with a wide window frame.

Figure 14 shows another arrangement held without nails and screws.

FIG. 15 shows the cross section through a further arrangement which uses a rigid spacer.

Figure 16 is a cross-section through the completed installation the arrangement according to Figure 15

Figure 17 is an exploded cross-section through another embodiment of the invention which shows the relationship of the parts before assembly. FIG. 18 shows a cross section through a completed one Installation of the embodiment according to Figure 17 Figure 19 shows a cross section through a further unit, which only has putty as a moisture barrier. Figures 20, 21 and 22 show the cross section of modifications the arrangement according to Figure 19

Figure 23 shows a cross section of a simplified unit with a metal spacer.

FIG. 24 shows the cross section through a further unit with an organic spacer that is provided with a moisture-resistant Envelope is provided.

FIG. 25 shows a cross section through two units according to FIG. 4, which form a sealed package according to the present invention form.

FIG. 26 shows the cross section through two glazing units which together form a sealed package according to the present invention form.

Figure 27 shows a third embodiment of a sealed package in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 28 shows a cross section through a unit which was obtained by cutting apart the package according to FIG. FIG. 29 shows a unit according to FIG. 27 after it has been installed on the window according to FIG. 1.

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FIG. 30 shows a cross section through a fourth sealed one Package.

Figure 31 shows a cross section through a window according to a preferred embodiment of the invention was glazed.

32 and 33 show cross sections through glazed according to the invention Windows with additional hand panels.

Figure 1 shows a view from the inside of a simple glass window, which is typically part of a building wall. That Window consists of a glass pane 15 and a frame 16. The conversion of such a window into a double window serves as an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 shows the cross section through a preferred embodiment of an edge strip, which represents one of the principles of the invention. The edge strip contains as a basic element a continuous strip of moisture-resistant (essentially moisture-impermeable) material 20, preferably an aluminum foil or an aluminum strip with a thickness of about 200 u. Various plastic films, for example made of dense polyethylene, can also be used as the strip 20 can be used, although these are somewhat more permeable to moisture. A continuous length of an organic spacer element 21 is attached along the tape by means of an adhesive layer 22. The adhesive 22 may be TERIAL ^W * ° a ^ Sittma-, but is primarily selected for .starker adhesiveness, so that a displacement of the flexible organic spacer is prevented in the final installation. The adhesive 22 should be rigid inf rageikommenden temperature range, and for ease of ⁿ creation, it should immediately establish a binding between the film and the spacer. The commercial product "USM 1311" from the United States Machinery Corporation, which was found to be a suitable adhesive

consists of a polyethylene copolymer and is applied as a hot melt to the film, which can also be heated. A such adhesive creates an unusually strong bond after cooling and curing, so that the 180 ° peel strength between spacer and tape according to A. S. T. M. D-903-49T Exceeds 4.48 kg / cm.

The terms "moisture-resistant", "barrier against moisture ingress", "hermetic seal" and the like, as used in the present description, are understood to mean the ability to prevent the passage of water vapor to such an extent that the material is in can use a permanent double or multiple window in a building. To be suitable for this intended use, the material or component must be such an obstacle to the passage of water vapor that the condensation of water vapor inside the multiple window down to temperatures of about -18 ⁰ G (i.e. about 1, 77 χ 10 ^J g of water per 16.4 cnr of air in the unit) and preferably even less, is excluded for several years. The prescribed time is at least about 3 to about 5 ^J ahre, preferably at least about 10 years and in the best cases, at least about 20 years. The amount of penetrating water vapor depends not only on the water vapor permeability of the material used as the obstacle, but also on the dimensions of the obstacle (for example the thickness) in the path of the water vapor entry. For aesthetic reasons, it is desirable to keep the dimensions of the water vapor barrier small, so that materials with relatively low water vapor permeability are preferred. In general, fabrics having a water vapor transmission rate of less than about 15 grams (preferably less than about 6 grams) within 24 hours are preferred for use as moisture barriers in multiple windows

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square meter and per 25.4 yes thickness at 37.8 ⁰ C and 90 ° relative humidity, as determined by ASTM E-96-66E. Often desiccants are included in multiple windows to absorb water vapor from the interstice, and when such desiccants are used, the moisture barrier requirements can be relaxed in accordance with the desiccant's water adsorption capacity. For aesthetic reasons, only a limited volume of desiccant can be used, and if no spacer element is used, the limits with regard to the volume of desiccant are set even more narrowly.

The spacer 21 according to Figure 2 can be made of solid or semi-solid Consist of rubber or synthetic polymer material, which, under normal temperature conditions, is sufficiently rigid to make two sheets of glass substantially parallel to one another keep. A preferred spacer is the combined spacer and drainer known from US Pat. No. 3,758,996, that of a moisture-permeable matrix of a Block copolymer consists of styrene and butadiene, which is combined with a Desiccant is permeated. If you don't use one of these combined spacer and dehydrator, a separate desiccant is preferably used at least attached to or embedded in part of the spacer along its length, or in the air gap when installed brought in.

According to FIG. 2, a continuous band of cement 23 is attached to the band 20 parallel to the spacer 21. composition and the width of the cement material 23 are chosen so that when bonding to the glass surface, a moisture-resistant Barrier, as explained in more detail below. The cement material 23 is expediently curable at room temperature or vulcanizable material that flows in the cold

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and a moisture-resistant seal and an elastic one Connection supplies. Butyl-based putties are preferred, such as the 2-component, curing at room temperature Putty according to US Pat. No. 3,791,910. The on-site application is made much easier if the cement 23 is a selects sticky, non-hardening composition. A preferred one non-hardening putty is known from US-PS (US patent application 454,336 dated 25-3.1974). He has the following Composition:

Component ff

Polyisobutylene (mean molecular weight according to viscosity measurement 75,000 - 100,000) 15-50

Polyisobutylene (mean molecular weight according to viscosity measurement 8,000-10,000) 10-45

Carbon black 10-45 silica pigment 5-15

Zirconium orthosilicate 20-50 zinc oxide 0-5

^ -Grlycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane 0-5

On an outwardly extending portion of the tape 20, on the opposite side of the spacer 21 from the cement 23, is a strip of adhesive 24 To hold the spacer 21 when the tape is folded in the assembly described below. The adhesive 24 may consist of adhesive in a narrow strip or in discontinuous locations. In most cases, however, the 24 is made from the same mass t as the cement 23.

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19th

· Ar

stand. In another embodiment of the üandstreifens a single putty adhesive layer 25 can be provided, practically the entire surface of one side of the tape

20 covered, as can be seen from FIG. While the embodiment according to FIG. 3 lacks the advantages that are achieved when using the adhesive 22 in a hot melt according to S ¹ XgUr 2, it has advantages in terms of sealing in that the organic spacer 21 is covered by a continuous layer of moisture-resistant Putty protects. The cement 25 can consist of preparations according to US Pat. No. 3,791,910 or according to US Pat.

FIG. 4 shows the hand strip according to FIG. 2 after application to a rigid transparent plane 30 representing the additional pane to be added to the existing window. the Disc 30 can be made of glass or plastic and optionally colored in a known manner or coated with a reflective coating, If the disk 30 is coated, it should, in particular when sensitive layers, the coating are on the inner surface 31, which later only the sealed Luftζwiseheηraum is exposed. Care must be taken to remove all oil, dirt and other contaminants with appropriate Solvents are removed. In the case of glass panes, the edges can be sanded down a little so that there is no danger for the worker, and breakage of the tape 20 is prevented.

As can be seen from Figure 4, the spacer is located

21 with one side in close contact with the surface 31 of the disc. If necessary, putty or adhesive can be used between Spacer and washer are included for additional sealing and strength. this however, it is usually not necessary. The protruding rope of the

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Tape 20, which carries the cement 23, is around the edge of the disc " 30 folded and pressed against the disc so that the putty flows and a seal between the band and outer edge 32 of the Disc and the edge of the surface 33 forms. The other protruding rope of the tape with adhesive or putty 24 is folded and attached to the side of the spacer 21 which is adjacent to the side already connected to the tape. Generally, the attachment of the edge strip is started in one corner of the disc and a single length around the continued over the entire circumference of the disc. The spacer can be notched in the corners to create a miter. Where the ends meet, the edge strip can be trimmed so that the ends abut, and the connection with putty, or you can cut the spacer from an overlapping length of the edge strip and this Glue the length over the connection point.

At this point several important advantages from the presence of the belt 20 can be seen. First of all, the flexible organic spacer due to its bond to the tape structural rigidity. It also gives you one Spacer, flexible or rigid, that has a stronger structural bond with the washer 30. Another important benefit is that the tape 2 ^ the use of a larger one Width of moisture-resistant material (cement 23) for cementing the interface between spacer and Disk 30 allowed, and since the moisture-resistant

f'm ^ hx
between the belt and surfaces of the disc 30

than is located between the spacer and the washer, you can Apply greater and more even pressure on the material to achieve a good seal than when pressing one flexible organic spacer itself on the disc would be possible. Furthermore, the tape results in one in the transverse and longitudinal directions continuous, moisture-resistant barrier

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due to the moisture ingress to a permeable organic spacers.

Optionally, a strip of putty 34 may also be applied along the outwardly facing surface of the portion of tape 20 which extends around the spacer and runs parallel to the main surface of the disc 30, as shown in FIG evident. The putty 34 should be tacky, non-hardening, and preferably butyl-based, as in connection with described with the cement 23, and it can conveniently be supplied in strips on release paper. The release paper can be pressed so that the putty flows and the seal is effected, whereupon it is peeled off the putty. The putty layer 34 should cover substantially the entire area of said portion of belt 20. The putty 34 can be used without serious disadvantages can also be omitted, but its presence leads to an improved seal with only a small amount Need for pressure to be applied.

The sub-unit according to FIG. 5 is ready for assembly on a particular window. The production of this sub-unit can take place at a central point, and the units are transported to the installation site, or the sub-unit is produced at the installation site. If the sub-units are shipped in prefabricated form, the cement 34 is expediently protected, for example by means of release paper 35, as can be seen from FIG provides. The support 36 not only protects the putty 34 _f but er_Jiält also the purity of the inner surface 31 of the disk 30, and, if it is made of relatively impervious material, it protects the drying agent to be included in the spacer and the inner surface from moisture.

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FIG. 8 shows the unit according to FIG. 5 on the inside of the glass window according to Figure 1 installed. The installation on the inside is zv / corner due to easy accessibility, however, the present invention can also be applied to exterior glazing. The installation from the outside may also be preferable in some cases because of the special construction of the window sash, or because of better ones Reflection on reflective coated glass. Figure 8 also shows an optional trim strip 40 around the window. details the installation can be seen from Figure 9, which shows a cross section through the window according to Figure 8 along the Line 9-9 shows.

When installing the unit to be added opposite the surface 41 of the already existing disk 15, this must Surface and the adjacent parts of the frame 16 are carefully cleaned. Then a layer of moisture-resistant Putty 42 around the outer hand of the disc 15 mounted along a distance generally corresponding to the outline of the spacer 21 of the assembly of FIG. The width of the layer 42 is sufficient so that it projects up and down slightly beyond the surface with which the Spacer 21 touches the surface 41, so that you have the largest possible contact area and a certain leeway for Receives inaccuracies. If the cement 42 is extended to the frame 16, an even greater margin for inaccuracies is obtained and facilitates the application of the putty 42 in a straight line to the surface 41. The putty 52 is made from a tacky, preferably non-hardening sealant butyl-based, as described above in connection with putty 23, and it can be supported by release paper, because one presses against the disc 15 and then pulls it off. The total thickness of putty 34 and putty 42 should be enough to fit a Ensure that flowing cement material is pressed together

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len, 30 that voids are eliminated and one continuous hermetically sealed. Putty layers 34 and i * 2 each about 1.6 mm thick or, in the absence of the putty layer 34 »proved to be a layer of cement 42 approximately 3» 2 mm thick proved to be satisfactory.

Then the glazing unit to be added is brought into position and. aligned with putty layer 42. Adjustment blocks made of elastic material such as neoprene are spaced over the lower edge of the glazing unit at a distance ... > Mounted between the unit and the frame 16 in accordance with conventional glazing technology. Then the unity against that Disk 15 pressed so that a seal er-r over the putty 42 follows. Pressure can be applied by brackets carried by the glass holder or by lever arms connected to the Frame or the building wall work together. Another option is to apply a vacuum to the newly created. airspace 43 to be applied long enough so that the putty flows and seals. Vacuum and mechanical means can work at the same time can be used with the best results.

The vacuum can be applied by, if the existing one Space allows "a hollow needle 47 to lead through the band 20 and the spacer 21, as can be seen from FIG. and then sealed the hole. In most cases, however, it will be preferable to have a flexible, thin plastic pipe 48 admitted at the junction of the edge strip in the manufacture of the glazing unit, which the connection between the air space and the outside world, as can be seen from FIG. After applying vacuum for a while the vacuum is released and the tube closed or it is removed and the remaining opening is locked. In some cases it may be advisable to provide a ventilation device for double windows,

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as described in U.S. Patent 3,771,276. This can be used to create of the vacuum to the air space.

The double glazed window is now essentially complete. As an additional As a precaution, one can extrude a sealant 44 into the gap around the outer edge of the glazing unit remains. Elastic sealants based on butyl, polysulphides or silicone are suitable for this purpose. A such sealant can also be provided with fillers or colored to serve as a decorative border. Because of the appearance It may also be desirable to attach a metal, plastic, or wood panel 40 to the frame 16. Although the tape 20 and the various cement layers themselves provide sufficient strength that the resulting double window unit holds together, can with the cladding 40 a additional cohesive effect can be exerted.

The method according to the invention can be applied to practically any window frame shape can be applied. FIGS. 12 and 13 show two corresponding modifications. Figure 12 shows a completed installation with a relatively narrow frame 16a using a modified trim part 40a. Figure 13 shows a complete installation with a relatively wide frame 16b with a modified cladding 40b. With extremely narrow frames it may be necessary to attach additional strips to the frame to make it wider.

FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of the invention in Connection to a cladding part 40c fastened without nails and screws. This panel is out with a protruding flange 45 provided which has several barbs. The fairing is installed by simply sliding the flange 45 is pressed into the putty 44, where the outwardly directed barbs come into engagement with the putty and then a loading

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resist sidestepping.

So far, the description of the invention has focused on the use organic spacers, but there are also certain advantages to using, metallic spacers is working. Figure 15 shows a unit with a rigid spacer 50, which is preferably made of metal, and contains a drying agent 51 and having an opening 52 is provided. Details of a preferred metallic spacer can be found in U.S. Patent 2,684,266. Because spacers made of metal generally have to be welded at the corner connections, the unit according to FIG FIG. 15 primarily to a factory-made one Unit. The putties to be used can be selected from any of the moisture-resistant putty compounds discussed above Kind can be selected, and butyl-based putties are preferably used. Because the metal spacer is rigid is, the putty is primarily in terms of its sealing properties and less chosen for its structural strength. The spacer 50 can to the disc 30 to be added by means of the cement 53, whereby a primary hermetic seal is achieved. A moisture-resistant tape 54 (preferably made of metal), coated with a putty 55 is attached to the outer surface of the spacer and around the edge of the disc 50 folded so that a moisture-resistant seal with the outer edge 32 and with the handle of the surface 33 achieved. This secondary seal and the primary seal at 53 together make an excellent moisture barrier. An equivalent seal can also be achieved with the Achieve putty 55 alone, so that the putty 53 can be omitted if necessary. As a metallic spacer is substantially impermeable to moisture, the tape 54 does not have to cover the adjacent surface of the spacer

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holder protrude, as is the case with -ausführungfoannen with organic Spacers the case is. The tape serves here

another purpose, namely to reinforce the fastening of the spacer to the disc 30. For this reason

However
It can also be advantageous here to use a tape of sufficient width so that one can fold a part around a corner of the spacer and fasten it there.

A completed installation of the unit according to FIG. 15 on a simple window can be seen from FIG. The assembly takes place in a similar way to units with organic spacers. Me putty layer 56 is preferably made of the same sticky, non-hardening material based on butyl base, the above has been described, and it is applied to the pane in the same way as cement in the previous embodiments applied. Before assembly, additional putty can be applied to the exposed surface of the spacer 50, which is the main surface the disk 30 runs parallel to be applied so that one a putty / putty bond with layer 56 is obtained.

The invention can also be applied to the application of a metallic spacer to the pane to be added at the construction site can be used without welding. Figure 17 shows an unwelded piece of metallic spacer 60 with desiccant 61 and an opening 62 «A separate piece is used for each side of the glazing unit and each piece is individually coated with an adhesive or putty layer 63, which is preferably tacky, on the one to be added Disk 30 attached so that instantaneous bonding is obtained. A continuous tape 64 of moisture-resistant Material (essentially moisture-proof permeable), preferably made of aluminum foil, with a layer of sticky, non-hardening, moisture-resistant Putty 65 is then applied to the edge of the disc 30 and around

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25121S8

one corner of the spacer 60 is attached and pressed so that the cement flows and creates a seal. La, the strip is continuously wound around the corners of the unit, a good seal can be achieved without the contact points of the metallic spacer must be welded, - ⁰ Ie ends of the ribbon 64 should overlap so that sealing is achieved.

The unit according to FIG. 17 is attached to the existing window 15 like fastened as can be seen from FIG. 18, the assembly being carried out as described above. The critical seal will be caused by a tacky, non-hardening putty 66 which is similar to or the same as the putty 56.

The embodiments described above are preferred because they have advantages in terms of structural strength and sealing when using the belt that runs around the circumference of the disk. However, suitable for use in buildings Units can also be manufactured without such a tape. Examples of such embodiments are shown in FIGS Figures 19 to 24 can be seen.

The unit according to FIG. 19 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 4, where only the tape has been omitted, in its place a layer of cement 70 against the Moisture penetration acts while the structural strength is provided by the adhesive layer 71. One Barrier against the ingress of moisture through the organic spacer 21 or between spacers and Disk 30 is produced by making the cement 70 from the appropriate Material and in a suitable thickness. Preferred materials for the putty 70 as well as for those according to the figures up to 22 putty used is the already mentioned sticky,

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Non-hardening material based on butyl. When using a Such sticky putties should be turned outwards Protect surfaces, which can be seen in FIGS. 19 to 22, with strips of release paper during shipping and storage.

The adhesive 71 can be moisture-resistant, or one For example, as shown in Figure 20, a continuous layer of moisture-resistant putty 72 around the three sides of the spacer arrange, which thus serves as a moisture barrier and connecting means at the same time.

FIG. 21 shows a two-layer arrangement, one being particularly thick layer of putty 73 serves as a moisture barrier. Here the moisture must be parallel to the main surfaces of the disk 30 through an unusually thick thickness of moisture-resistant putty before it enters the organic spacers 21 can arrive. The layer of putty 73 protrudes beyond the spacer so that it is with the already existing pane comes into engagement and thus forms a seal «A larger area for sealing fastening of the unit on an already existing window is obtained by extending the layer of putty 74, as in Figure 22 shown.

As a metal spacer itself is impermeable to moisture a moisture-resistant putty must be used for a corresponding embodiment primarily avoid the ingress of moisture around the spacer. According to Figure 23 is a metallic spacer 50 with a layer of moisture-resistant material 75 on the pane 30 attached in a sealing manner. Spacer and layer 75 together result in a moisture-resistant barrier against the ingress of moisture in a direction parallel to the

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Main surfaces of the disc 3U. The same goal can be achieved be made with a relatively moisture-permeable organic Spacers by making them moisture-resistant first makes by wrapping with a moisturizing agent constant band 76, as shown in .Figur 24. The tape will go through dot or bead adhesive 77 held in place. The tape 76 is preferably made of a substantially moisture-impermeable material such as aluminum foil or strips.

The assembly of the glazing units according to FIGS. 19 to 24 takes place essentially in the same way as in connection explained with the embodiments according to FIG. 9 and FIG.

Of course, in each of the disclosed embodiments form a second unit to be installed on top of the unit assembled first, obtaining triple glazing. The unit to be added can also already have two or more disks located at a distance from one another.

Figure 25 shows a closed package passing through a glazing unit according to Figure 4 and a second, thus identical unit is formed. The elements of the second unit, which correspond to the elements according to FIG. 4 are represented by numbers with a prime index. The subunits are united so that the surfaces 31 and 31 'are opposite and the spacers 21 and 21 'in a non-adhesive manner touch the circumference of the disc. The two units are held together and the air space 39 is sealed by locking means around the periphery of the interface between the two spacers. The closure means can consist of one

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Band 37 consist, which is expediently made of moisture-resistant Material is formed, preferably from moisture-impermeable Material such as w-metal foil (especially aluminum foil) or the like, and which carries a layer of adhesive 38, which is preferably self-adhesive when pressed is only temporary and is usually not subjected to severe temperature conditions, the adhesive 38 need not be have particularly high moisture resistance; however, preferably the tape 37 and adhesive 38 should be sufficiently wide and be moisture-resistant so that they form a relatively long barrier in the path of moisture ingress. For this It is therefore desirable that the belt 37 be sufficiently wide so that it covers the major part of the outer edge of the combined units covered. An even greater moisture barrier can be achieved by using a tape that is wider than the united units, and excess width folds around the outer edges of the units. A suitable, commercially available one Foil backed adhesive tape is the product "3M 425" from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co., Minneapolis, Minnesotae! After this compilation of a pair of Glazing units in a package form, these can be handled, shipped and stored like usual double windows. The desiccant in or on the spacers is protected and coatings remain on the inner surfaces Sound pollution and damage free, and the cleanliness of critical interior surfaces is maintained. At the place of installation the tape 37 is pulled off or along the interface between the spacers of the two units with a cutting instrument slit, taking care not to damage either the tape 20 or the organic spacer. If the tape is cut, it should be relatively thin so that little force is required to cut, thereby the risk of injury to the underlying tape

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and spacer is decreased. FIG. 4 shows a unit from which the tape 37 has been pulled off. Ji ¹ IgUr 8 and 9 show the window according to FIG. 1 with the glazing unit in place, through which the double window is obtained.

FIG. 26 shows another embodiment of a glazing unit to be added and another packaging technique. The embodiment relates to a unit according to FIGS. 15 and 16, which has a hollow metallic spacer 50 which contains desiccant 51 and has an opening 52. The spacer is a layer-by KlebmitteJL- or putty 53 on the disc 3 ^U fastened. According to this embodiment, the one unit is aligned with the second unit, the elements of which are denoted by corresponding numbers with a prime, the spacers 51 and 51 'are non-adhesive against one another to form a closed space 56. The package thus formed is then sealed, by wrapping sealing means of moisture-resistant tape 54 and adhesive 55 around the perimeter so that it overlaps the interface between the spacers of the individual units. As can be seen in Figure 26, the moisture barrier formed by the tape can be expanded by using a wide tape which is folded around the edges of the individual units. The packaging can be given additional strength by using a heavier tape, for example 200 micron thick aluminum. The force required to cut open the heavier tape is not a major disadvantage when using metallic spacers, since these cannot be damaged when cut like organic spacers. The tape can of course also be peeled off instead. The adhesive 55 is preferably self-adhesive and expediently consists of tacky, non-hardening cement based on butyl.

S09841 / 0960

FIG. 15 shows a glazing unit from the package according to Figure 26 was cut out with portions of the tape and adhesive 54 and 55 adhered to it. These leftovers of tape and adhesive give one to the through, the layer 53 formed seal additional protection and reinforce the attachment of the spacer to the disk 30. Figure 16 shows a completed installation of the unit according to FIG. 1 on the window according to FIG. 1. This unit was made in the same way as described in connection with previous embodiments assembled.

Of course, in the arrangement according to FIG replace the metallic spacers with organic spacers provided that the tape 54 is peeled off or that considerable care is taken when cutting open.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG the spacer elements 80, preferably made of metal, which are filled with desiccant 81 and equipped with an opening 82 are. The spacer 80 has incisions 83 in the longitudinal direction, which serve to ensure a flowable, at room temperature hardening sealant, for example a thermoplastic material, in the form of a hot melt, or conventional Polysulphide-based sealants (see for example U.S. Patent 3,348,351). Such spacers can be used to produce a glazing unit, covering them on one side with a layer of putty 84, which is preferably a tacky butyl-based sealant exists, attached to the disc 3O to be added. The resulting unit can be combined with a second identical unit (the corresponding parts of which are shown in Fig 27 are denoted by numbers with a prime index), with some of the surfaces of the spacers being non-adhesive

509041/0960

stirs so that a package according to FIG. 27 is obtained. Instead of of a tape over the interface between the two spacers is the closing of the in this embodiment Carried out by making a flowable package, at room temperature hardening sealant 85, for example a polysulphide, extruded into the cavity formed by the two adjacent incisions. This sealant hardens thereby achieving package integrity and sealing of enclosed air space 88.

At the installation site, the sealant 85 is cut through, whereby a unit according to FIG. 28 is obtained, on which part of the sealing means 85 has remained As seen in Figure 29, tacky putty 42 is preferably used for installation on the pane. A flowable drain Sealant 87, for example a polysulphide, is then placed in the space formed around the unit and by the incision 83 formed cavity, so that the seal is completed.

FIG. 30 shows a further type of pack according to the present invention. In particular, this offers protection in the case of organic spacers in the event that the package is cut apart target. A moisture-resistant tape 90, preferably made of aluminum foil, is wrapped around the outer periphery of a pair of the Glazing units applied, the latter initially with a gap between opposing spacers 21 and 21 'have been aligned. The portion of the tape 90 that bridges the gap is folded so that a inward fold 91 arises when the two units are pressed against each other. Each half of the package consists essentially of a unit as shown in FIG. 4 as soon as the package with a sharp instrument along the

9841/0960

te 91 cuts open. During shipping and handling, the fold 91 can be pressed so that the adhesive layers 24 and 24 'are at least partially adhered to the spacers. Layers 24 and ^24f can also be initially attached to the spacers instead of to the tape. In another embodiment, a simple, continuous layer of tacky, non-hardening sealant can be applied across the width of the tape 90. Because of the fold 91, a packaging unit according to FIG. 30 can be cut open quickly without special care having to be taken not to damage the organic spacers.

FIG. 31 shows a further embodiment of the invention, showing part of a window which forms part of a building wall and consists of a transparent pane 115 which is arranged in a frame 116. The pane 115 will in most cases consist of clear glass, which typically has a light transmission of about 90 %. However, the invention is also applicable to a further reduction in the passage of radiation in installed windows that already consist of colored or coated panes. Instead of a single pane 115, the already installed window can also have multiple glazing made up of two or more panes located at a distance from one another. The shape of the frame 116 in FIG. 31 is only shown schematically. Instead of this shape, any shapes that occur in buildings can be used.

The reduction of heat and light transmission is achieved by adding an additional pane 130 made of colored or reflective coated glass is arranged on the pane 115 parallel and at a distance from it, forming a thin

509841/0960

nen air space 143. The additional disk 13 ^Ü can be aligned inward or outward ^ of the existing disk. If a surface of the pane to be added has a reflective coating, better reflection of solar radiation is achieved if this pane is mounted on the outside. In the case of an internal assembly, however, the additional pane and the seal for the air space 153 are protected from the effects of the weather. In multi-storey buildings, indoor installation is usually preferred for better accessibility.

Colored glass intended for use in the present invention is any glass whose composition is different from that of clear glass deviates in such a way that it contains a larger part of the incident visible light radiation and / or the entire Solar energy (especially heat or infrared radiation) is absorbed. It is known, for example, that small amounts of iron oxide are added to conventional sodium / calcium / silicate glass a product of a greenish tinge. Other suitable colored glasses are disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,296,004 and Reissue 25,312 known.

Reflective coated, suitable as a pane to be added Glass has a transparent coating on one surface that reflects incident light and / or thermal radiation. Examples of reflective coatings on glass are given in U.S. Patents 3,185,586, 3,410,710, 3,411,934, 3,457,138, 3 652 246, 3 660 061 »3 671 291, 3 672 939, 3 674 517, 3,723,158 and 3,723,155 indicated. Other reflective coatings for glass are known and suitable for use herein. In some cases it may be desirable to use both colored and coated glass.

In general, in this embodiment of the

50S8A1 / 0960

The colored and / or coated panes used in the invention have a permeability to visible light of no more than
have about 75 ^ o. The slice to be added can also be like this
be equipped so that they have a permeability to the total solar energy of less than about 70? ^; j results. Preferably, both of these criteria are considered additional of the
Disc used glass complied, but only one condition must be met in order to enjoy some advantages of this embodiment of the invention. A special glass which fulfills both criteria of transmittance is glass 3 »2 mm thick which is coated with a reflective coating according to US Pat. No. 3,660,061.

Since the structural strength of the window is already given by the installed pane, especially if you have the
Attaches the disc to be added on the inside, this disc can be thin for reasons of cost. Preferably, this disk should be thick enough to avoid contact of the disks when changes in atmospheric pressure cause bending. Thinner glass can still be used if a spacer disk, for example a small plastic disk, is attached in which one of the glass directed into the air gap is attached; glass with a thickness of 6.4 to 2 is typically used , 4 mm.

The attachment of the additional disk 130 to the existing one Disc 115 and the formation of the hermetically sealed air space 143 are made with a strip 123 Moisture-resistant putty material between the pane 115 and edge parts of the main surface 131 of the disk 130 is attached along the periphery thereof. The putty should be used during the installation be sticky and flowable, but coherent, and therefore preferably consists of a non-hardening or

BO 984 1/0960

room temperature curing polymer materialc A preferred one non-hardening putty material is synthetic, sticky putty based on butyl, according to the already mentioned US-PS

(U.S. Patent Application 454,336). This putty can be extruded onto the glass surface at the installation site or, since it is non-hardening, it can be prepared as strips on release paper.

Another suitable, moisture-resistant putty is the two-component, room temperature curing, synthetic butyl-based cement material according to US Pat. No. 3,791,910. The components can be mixed and. extruded at the point of use will. None of these butyl based putties are any appreciable amount of volatiles in the encapsulated Air space, so that the risk of condensation and damage to coatings is avoided.

The strip of cement 123 can be extruded as a bead or applied as a strip on a surface 131 of the pane to be added or the corresponding part of the surface 141 of the pane already installed, or both. If you apply the putty to the pane to be added, alignment during assembly becomes easier. In some embodiments, the window frame, which require considerable manipulation of the added disk during alignment, however, is required on the already installed disc of "benefit. A more uniform _seal> the lower pressure when mounting the attachment of the cement, may be achieved by applies the putty to the opposite edge parts of both panes and then presses putty against putty during assembly. The total thickness of the putty strip 23 should be sufficient so that the putty flows when the panes are pressed together and fills cavities and a good

50984 1/0960

ensures a metic seal. The invention can, for example, be carried out successfully using the adhesive, non-hardening cement based on oil according to the aforementioned U3-PS (US patent application 454 33-6) in a thickness of the order of magnitude of about 3 »2 mm coder 1 _? 6 mm if the putty is applied to both panes). If the new pane is pressed on, the thickness of the cement strip is typically reduced by about $ 50 to achieve a good seal. The width of the cement strip 123 is determined on the one hand by the area that is required to effect the seal and on the other hand by the tolerable interference in the visible area. In normal cases, the strip should be less than an inch wide, with the use of moisture-resistant butyl-based cement according to US Pat. No. 454,336, or 3,791,910 pages on the order of about 6.4 mm off. Large panes require wider strips to ensure adhesion.

After the putty has been applied around a surface. which should include the airspace (surface 131 or 141), a dryer strip 151 is placed on the inside edge of the putty strip 123 is attached along at least one side of the pane, usually so that the dryer is attached to the bottom of the window is located. The dryer can have a rectangular cross-section, as can be seen from FIGS. 31 and 33, or a round cross-section (161), as can be seen from FIG. 32. Its thickness should not be greater than the finished thickness of the air space. One The type of dryer that can be used consists of a dispersion of a desiccant in a flexible, permeable membrane organic matrix (see U.S. Patent 3,753,996) extruded for use in the form of a thin ribbon or thread can be. The dryer can also consist of a rigid pressed rod or a perforated plastic tube that is connected to

K η s a δ 1

drying material is filled, both forms being commercially available are available, for example, from Multiform Desiccant Products, Inc., Buffalo, New York.

After the putty strip 123 and the drying agent 151 on Once in place, the new disc 130 is aligned with the outline of the frame 116, one along each side leaves a small gap between the edge of the new pane and the frame. As usual, adjustment blocks made of elastic material such as neoprene to be inserted at intervals, that is, every "quarter of the way, namely between the lower edge of the pane to be added and the frame. The pane is then moved against the pane that has already been installed, in order to effect adhesion over the putty strip 123. With brackets carried by the glass holder, or pressure is exerted by lever arms cooperating with the frame or the surrounding wall, so that the cement flows and creates a hermetic seal. Another method of applying pressure is to apply a vacuum in the ' newly created air space 143 for a period of time that allows the putty to flow and seal. The vacuum can ^ if sufficient Space available, achieved by inserting a hollow needle through the cement 123 and then closing the opening will. In some cases, a piece of thin plastic tubing is preferably placed through the putty strip 123, before the new pane is mounted, so that there is a connection with the air space after the pane has been pressed on. After applying the vacuum and maintaining it during a period of time is relaxed and the tube is either closed or removed and the resulting opening is locked. The needle or tube can also be used instead of, or in addition to, use before, desiccants to the air space with dry gas

509841/0960

flush through JLen. Mechanical pressure and vacuum can be used to advantage applied at the same time.

At this point in time, the installation is essentially complete. As an additional precaution, it may be advisable to extrude a caulking compound 144 into the gap that remains between the additional pane and the frame according to FIGS. Any conventional elastic sealants on -butyl-, polysulphide- or Silicone base can be used. -Kin such sealant can also be filled or colored to use as a Ornamental border to serve. It may also be desirable to have a trim strip 140 made of metal, plastic or wood around the assembled To attach unit, as can be seen from Figure 32, so dali the putty strip 123 and the gap between additional Window and frame are at least partially covered. Although the cement tape 123 has sufficient strength to To hold the unit together, a decorative strip can be rigidly attached to the frame, which has an additional effect. figure 33 shows a modified, elastic decorative strip 145j which not only inhibits, but also exerts a constant pressure force. This compressive force can be beneficial to the moisture sbarrier of the putty strip 123 to maintain. the Arrangement of the decorative strip according to Figure 33 can also be used as a "lever can be used for pressing on during installation.

The embodiment of the invention, according to which the air space is reduced to a minimum, is applicable to windows with very narrow frame. With this embodiment, there is also a considerably better insulation than with a simple one Glass or a simple glass plus a plastic film, but the main purpose of this embodiment is in the reduction of the transmittance for solar radiation.

509841/0960

This version will find particular use in regions with mild climates, where it is more important to reduce air conditioning costs than heating costs. The disclosed embodiment provides an efficient answer to these needs by the Kostenifür a Abst _a single ndselement

saves and guarantees constant maximum exclusion of solar energy, with minimal installation costs.

The present invention also eliminates the problems that have previously arisen with subsequent double glazing Moisture ingress is resolved by creating a moisture barrier around the space between the panes, so that the finished unit will be durable and suitable for construction.

The sealants, putties or adhesives used according to the invention are preferably highly moisture-resistant is characterized by low permeability to water vapor, making them good moisture barriers and hermetic seals result. They are also preferred by excellent flexibility, cohesive and adhesive bonding strength as well as tear, shear and tensile strengths and resistance to peeling over a relatively broad range are more expected Usage temperatures from - 40 to +60 0 marked. she should also be used against chemicals such as cleaning solutions, polluted air components or the like essentially inert and therefore invulnerable.

Of course, one or the other of the above can be used in certain cases depending on the location of attachment or use Properties of sealants, putties or adhesives be of greater importance than in the other case, and accordingly, the choice of cement material can vary greatly from case to case. For example, /. '; Putty 22 in the

Moisture resistance for one

509841/0960

glazing unit according to Figure 2 no dominant property, since the band 2ö together with the other kittens the desired Protection against the ingress of moisture during shipping, storage or after installation is guaranteed ] Moisture resistance cannot be dominant in the adhesive 38 in the embodiment according to FIG. 26, as long as the tape 37 together with the adhesive 38 the desired protection against the Ingress of moisture during shipping or storage guaranteed. Other sealants, putties, or adhesives may also be used in strip 123, provided that that they are characterized by fluidity and low permeability to water vapor and thus good moisture barriers and hermetic seals.

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Claims (1)

-38- Claims Glazing unit to be added to existing glazing, characterized by a transparent pane and a 'hermetic seal around its circumference., the \ a moisture-resistant, sticky not;- has elastic, polymeric, at least partially crosslinked, putty that is flowable at room temperature, 2. Glazing unit according to claim 1, characterized by a spacer adjoining edge parts of a main surface of the disk and extending around its circumference, wherein the hermetic sealant is attached to the spacer and to the disc so that there is a moist, Resistant barrier against the ingress of moisture forms between spacer and disc. 3. Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the cement has a water vapor permeability of less than about 15 g / 24 hours ^{/ m 2} / 25.4 # at 37.8 ⁰ G and 90? S relative humidity according to ASIM E-96 -66E owns. 4. Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the hermetic seal comprises additional means which is a barrier to moisture ingress through the spacer in the direction parallel to the main surface of the Form disc. 5. Glazing unit according to claim 4 »characterized in that that the hermetic sealant has a moisture- a resistant layer of putty material extending around the periphery of the disc. 5 η Q ft A1 6. Glazing unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the moisture-resistant layer according to its length is attached to peripheral edge surfaces of the disc and extends over a first side of the spacer, which dec peripheral 7 edge surface is adjacent and parallel, extends. 7 · Glazing unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the moisture-resistant layer is additionally extends over a free second side of the spacer which is adjacent to the first side. 8. Glazing unit according to claim 6, characterized u \ by a layer of adhesive between the edge portions of the pane and an adjacent side of the spacer. 9. Glazing unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the hermetic sealing means additionally a moisture S-resistant tape includes which the moisture-resistant Layer overlaid. 10. Glazing unit according to claim 9 »characterized in that the moisture-resistant tape on peripheral! Edges— surfaces of the pane is attached by means of the moisture-resistant layer and on a first, de .; peripheral , Adjacent edge surfaces and to these \ pa- parallel first side of the spacer is attached. 11. Glazing unit according to claim 10, characterized in that the width of the moisture-resistant tape and of the moisture-resistant layer extend beyond the peripheral edge surface of the pane. 12. Glazing unit according to claim 11, characterized in that 509841/0960 BATH ORIGINAL that da3 moisture-resistant tape by means of the moisture-resistant Layer is sealingly attached to Kandteile of the outer main surface of the disc. 15 · Glazing unit according to claim 12, characterized in that that the moisture-resistant tape additionally adheres to a second side of the spacer, that of the first to each other Side adjacent and offset from adjacent parts of the spacer and washer. 14 «Glazing unit according to claim 13» characterized in that that the spacer is made of a moisture-permeable organic material. 15 · Glazing unit according to claim 9 »characterized in that that the moisture-resistant tape is made of flexible metal. 16. Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the spacer in the direction parallel to the main surface the pane is essentially impermeable to moisture, and that the hermetic seal is a moisture-resistant layer of putty material between adjacent surfaces encompassed by the spacer and major surface of the disc. 17 · Glazing unit according to claim 16, characterized in that the sealing means is also a moisture-resistant one Tape includes which at peripheral. If laugh the disk and the one adjoining the peripheral edge surface χ free side of the spacer adheres « 18. Glazing unit according to claim 17 »characterized in that the moisture-resistant tape is also attached to one second free side of the spacer adheres, which is adjacent to the first side. 509841/0960 19 · Glazing unit according to claim 17, characterized in that that the moisture-resistant .Band by means of a layer made of moisture-resistant putty adheres. 20. Glazing unit according to claim 16, characterized by a spacer made of metal. 21. Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the moisture-resistant material has water vapor permeability of less than about 6 g / 243td. / m / 25 »4 Ji having. 22. Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized by no more than one transparent pane, one to the Edge parts of a main surface of the disc adjoining and extending around the circumference of the spacer and a Hermetic seal attached to the spacer and the washer to provide a barrier to moisture ingress between the spacer and the pane, whereby the hermetic seal is made of a moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, putty that flows at room temperature. 23 · Glazing unit according to claim 2, characterized by a unit of several transparent panes and a space enclosed between them, one on edge parts an outer major surface of one of these disks adjoining and extending around the circumference of the spacer and a hermetic seal attached to the spacer and one of the disks to provide a barrier to moisture ingress between the spacer and the to form said disc, wherein the hermetic sealant made of moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, not crosslinked !, at room temperature 509841/0 960 flowable putty. 24 · Glazing made up of several panes, characterized by an installed transparent pane in a frame, an added transparent pane which is mounted independently of the frame, generally parallel and at a distance from the installed pane, a spacer between the panes which is attached to edge parts adjoining a major surface of the added disk and extending around its periphery to create an enclosed space between the disks, and a hermetic seal attached to the spacer and the disks to provide a barrier to moisture ingress into the enclosed space, the a »moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, putty that flows at room temperature ; . has _β 25. Glazing according to claim 24> characterized in that the hermetic seal a first layer of moisture-resistant Includes material attached to the added washer and spacer, as well as a second layer of moisture-resistant material between the spacer and the installed pane. 26. Glazing according to claim 24, characterized in that the hermetic seal is a moisture-resistant one Comprises tape sealingly attached to the added disc and adhered to the spacer, and a Layer of moisture-resistant material between spacers and installed disc. 27 · Glazing according to claim 26, characterized in that the width of the moisture-resistant strip is between S09841 / 0960 see spacers and the roof layer made of moisture-resistant Material extends. 28. Glazing according to claim 26, characterized in that the moisture-resistant band by means of a moisture-resistant putty to pe ripheren. ²¹ - ⁶ ^ "areas. * ■ of the added disk and is sealingly attached to edge parts of a second major surface of the added disk. 29. Glazing according to claim 28, characterized in that the moisture-resistant band consists of metal. 30. Glazing unit according to claim 24, characterized in that the hermetic seal comprises a material with a water vapor permeability of less than about 15 g / 24 h ^{/ m 2} / 25.4 μ. 31. Glazing according to claim 24, characterized in that the hermetic seal is a material with a water vapor permeability less than about 6 g / 24 hrs / m / 25.4 #. 32 »glazing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement material has a water vapor permeability of less than about 15 g / 24 Std./m ² / M 25.4 37.8 ⁰ C and 90 $ relative humidity as determined by ASTM E 96-66E. 33 · glazing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the putty material a V / asserdampfdurchlässigkeit of less than about 6 g / 24 hrs / m ^2/2 5.4 Λΐ at 37.8 ⁰ C and 90 $ relative humidity as determined by ASTM E-96-66E. 509841/0960 34 · Glazing unit according to claim 32, characterized by a drying material which adheres to the transparent pane haffet. 35. Glazing unit according to claim 32, characterized by a transparent pane of colored glass. 36. Glazing unit according to claim 32, characterized by a transparent disk with a transparent coating on at least one major surface. 37 · Glazing unit according to claim 32, characterized by a transparent disc with a transparent reflective coating on at least one major surface .. 38. Glazing unit according to claim 37 »characterized by a transparent pane of colored glass. 39 «Glazing unit according to claim 32, characterized by a transparent sheet of glass with a • permeability for visible light of no more than about 40. Glazing made up of several panes, characterized by a transparent window installed in a frame, one transparent additional sheet of glass with a visible light transmittance of no more than about $ 75 installed directly on a major face of the Disc generally parallel and fixed overlying it, and moisture-resistant sealant between the disks in the form of a strip, the edge parts of a main surface of the additional disk and of the part of the installed disc to be covered in order to hold the discs together and between them one to form narrow, hermetically sealed air space, its 509841/0960 Thickness essentially corresponds to that of the strip, the sealing means consisting of a sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, flowable at room temperature Putty is made. 41. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized in that the additional pane consists of colored glass. 42β glazing according to claim 40, characterized in that the additional pane has a transparent reflective coating on at least one major surface. 43. Glazing according to claim 42, characterized in that the additional pane is made of colored glass. 44 · Glazing according to claim 40, characterized in that a desiccant enclosed in the air gap is. 45. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized in that the moisture-resistant sealing means consists of a cement material with a Y / water vapor permeability of less than 15 g / 24 h ^{/ m 2} / 25.4 »at 37.8 ° C and 90 $ relative humidity exists. 46. Glazing according to claim 45 »characterized in that the cement material is non-hardening and essentially free of volatiles. 47. Glazing according to claim 45 »characterized in that the cement material is formed from a substantially non-volatile mass which hardens at room temperature. 509841/0960 4-8. Glazing after. Claim 40, characterized in that the strip is less than an inch wide. 49 · Glazing according to claim 40, characterized in that the additional pane has a permeability for total solar energy of less than about 7Q ^a ß> . 50. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized by setting blocks, on which the additional disc rests. 51. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized by decorative parts which at least partially cover the sealing means. 52. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized by means interacting with the 'frame and exerting a compressive force Apply the sealant. 53. Glazing according to claim 40, characterized by an in transparent window installed in a frame, a transparent additional pane of glass with a permeability for total solar energy of less than about $ 70, directly on a major surface of the installed Disc, generally parallel and fixed overlying it, and moisture-resistant sealing means between the discs in the form of a strip that Edge parts of a main surface of the additional disk and. of the part of the installed disc to be covered to hold the discs together and between them to form a narrow, hermetically sealed air space, the thickness of which essentially corresponds to that of the strip, whereby the sealing agent consists of a sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, * at room temperature 509841/0 980 ture flowable putty. 54 · Packaged arrangement of glazing units, marked "_zeich-. net by two individual glazing units, each comprising a transparent pane, one on edge parts of a Spacers adjacent the major surface of each disc and hermetic attached to the spacers and discs Sealing agent made of a moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, at Room temperature flowable putty, with the two units in opposite positions, substantially do not adhere to one another, and the spacers between the disks substantially to one another are aligned so that an enclosed space is created between the discs, and locking means on the Edge surfaces of the adjacent units that hold them together. 55 · Arrangement according to claim 54, characterized in that the closure means a barrier against the ingress of moisture to the enclosed space. 56. Arrangement according to claim 55 »characterized in that the spacers carry desiccant. 57 · Arrangement according to claim 54 »characterized in that at least one main surface of at least one disc has a Has coating. 58. Arrangement according to claim 54 »characterized in that the discs are colored. 59 · Arrangement according to claim 54, characterized in that the panes are made of glass. 509841/0960 -4ο- 60. Arrangement according to claim 54, characterized in that the closure means consists of a moisture-resistant There is tape adhering to peripheral surfaces of the fused units. 62. Arrangement according to claim 60, characterized in that the band is made of metal and is flexible. 62. Arrangement according to claim 60, characterized in that the tape has a fold between the two spacers forms. 63 · Arrangement according to claim 60, characterized in that the band is covered by a layer of moisture-resistant Material is attached between the tape and the peripheral surfaces. 64 · Packaged arrangement of glazing units characterized by two individual glazing units, each comprising a transparent sheet, a spacer adjacent to edge portions of a major surface of each sheet, and Hermetic sealant attached to the spacers and washers made of a moisture-resistant., sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, at room temperature flowable putty, the units over the Spacers adjoin each other and with at least a portion of their surfaces in non-adhesive contact stands with each other, so that an enclosed space is created between the panes, and from the outside on each other Adjacent units acting closure means that hold them together. 65. Arrangement according to claim 64, characterized in that the closure means also provide a barrier against the ingress of moisture included in the enclosed fiaun. 509841/0960 66. Arrangement according to claim 65, characterized in that the spacers carry desiccant. 67 · Arrangement according to claim 64, characterized in that at least one main surface of at least one disc has a Has coating. 68. Arrangement according to claim 64, characterized in that - that the discs are colored. 69 · Arrangement according to claim 64, characterized in that the panes are made of glass. 70. Arrangement according to claim 64, characterized in that the closure means is an extrudate of sealing material includes between the spacers. 71 · Procedure for increasing the insulating effect of an installed Window made of at least one transparent pane, characterized in that there is an additional pane within the outline of the window frame generally parallel / and a major surface of a pane of the installed Overlaying the window, and this pane by means of a strip of moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, at least partially non-crosslinked, room temperature flowable cement on the already installed disc attached. 72. A method according to claim 71, characterized in that the cement material has a water vapor permeability of less than 15 g / 24hr. / M ² / 25,4yU 37.8 ⁰ G and 90 $ relative humidity as determined by ASTM E-96-66E , having. 509841/0960 73. The method according to claim 71 for increasing the insulating effect of an installed transparent pane, characterized in that that you have a glazing unit from an additional transparent pane, one on edge parts of a Main surface of this disc adjoining spacers and. Sealing means, wherein the sealing means is attached to spacers and additional disc is attached, a barrier against moisture ingress between spacers and Disc is formed and made of a moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked Room temperature flowable putty is mounted on the already installed disc so that the spacer between the installed and the. additional disc is located and a hermetically sealed space arises between the panes. 74 · The method according to claim 73 »characterized in that the glazing unit is prefabricated. 75. The method according to claim 73 »characterized in that the glazing unit is manufactured at the installation site. 76. The method according to claim 73 »characterized in that During assembly, the glazing unit is pressed against the installed pane while a layer is released sticky, moisture-resistant putty between spacers and installed disc. 77 «Method according to claim 76, characterized in that the pressing pressure is exerted by a vacuum generated in the space between the panes. 78. The method according to claim 75 »characterized in that in the manufacture of a moisture impermeable 509841/0960 siges tape is applied around the periphery of the additional disk and thereby attaching the spacer to this disc adjacent so that a moisture-resistant Barrier receives. 79 · The method according to claim 71 for reducing the permeability for solar radiation through an installed window, characterized in that a pane of glass with a Visible light transmittance of not more than about $ 75 within the outline of the window frame in general parallel / and overlaying a main surface of a pane of the installed window aligns, and thereby provides a strip of moisture-resistant sealant between the panes to support the end portions runs along a main surface of the additional pane and is made of a sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, There is putty that is flowable at room temperature, the additional pane by means of the strip of putty material attached directly to the installed window with the formation of a narrow, enclosed air space between the Disks ^ and the disks pressed together so that the Putty material flows and hermetically seals the air space. 80. The method according to claim 79> characterized in that the putty material is first applied to the additional pane. 81. The method according to claim 79 »characterized in that the cement material is first applied to the installed pane is applied. 82. The method according to claim 79 »characterized in that a second strip of sealing material between the discs, the first on the additional disc and the other on the installed one Disc is applied ^ and the strips are pressed together. 509841/0960 83 »The method according to claim 79, characterized in that a thin strip of desiccant material is placed along part of the strip prior to joining the discs attached from putty material. 84 · The method according to claim 79 »characterized in that a vacuum was applied to the air gap 85e method according to claim 79 »characterized in that the discs are pressed against each other by leverage. 86. The method according to claim 79, characterized in that an elastic cement material is used as the sealing means, which is extruded in place in an uncured form. will. 87. The method according to claim 86, characterized in that putty material that hardens at room temperature is used. 88c Method according to claim 86, characterized in that non-hardening cement material is used. 89. The method according to claim 79 »characterized in that one non-hardening putty material, which is on release paper is used. 90. The method according to claim 79 »characterized in that the additional disk has a total solar energy transmission of less than about $ 70. 91. The method according to claim 71 for reducing the permeability for solar radiation through an installed window, characterized in that a pane of glass with a 509841/0960 Transmission for the total solar energy of less than about 10 ⁰ / o within the outline of the window frame to- generally parallel / and one major surface of a disk of the installed window and thereby a strip of moisture-resistant sealant provides between the disks along edge portions of a major surface of the additional disk runs and consists of a sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked putty that flows at room temperature, the additional pane is attached directly to the installed window using the strip of putty material forming a narrow, enclosed air space between the panes and pressing the panes together, so that the putty flows and hermetically seals the air space. 92. Method of adding another transparent pane to an installed pane to form a sealed, insulating space between the panes, characterized in that one is packed Arrangement of two glazing units, each comprising a transparent pane, one on hand parts of a main surface spacers adjacent to each disk and hermetic attached to the spacers and disks Sealing agent made from a moisture-resistant, sticky, elastic, polymeric, non-crosslinked, room temperature flowable putty material, the two Units adjoin one another with the spacers to form an enclosed space, and the the packaged assembly further comprises closure means holding them together, transported to the installation site, the packaged assembly disassembled into two units and one of the units onto the disc already installed mounted in such a way that the spacer element is between the installed and the added disk. 509841/0960 93. Procedure after. Claim 92, characterized in that the closure means a moisture-resistant tape includes, which is removed when disassembling the assembly. 94. The method according to claim 92, characterized in that the closure means comprises a moisture-resistant tape which is cut open when the assembly is disassembled. 95 · The method according to claim 92, characterized in that the closure means is an extrudate of sealing material includes, and when disassembling the assembly this is cut. For: PPG Industries, Inc. Pittsburgh, έ £., V.St.A. Dr.fi.J.Wolff Lawyer 509841/0960 Blank page