DE2545648A1 - Piperidinyl guanidine derivs. as stabilisers - for polymers, esp. fibres, films and varnishes, esp. polyurethanes - Google Patents

Abstract

Piperidinyl guanidines are of formula X-C(=Y)-Z (I) and the tautomeric forms, where X is: in which A is H, 1-20C (un)branched alkyl, 3-12C alkenyl or alkinyl, 7-12C aralkyl or -CH2-CHR4-OH, in which R4 is H, CH3 or C6H5; R1 and R2 are 1-12C (un)branched alkyl or together form, with the C atom, 5-12C cycloalkyl; R3 is H, 1-20C (un)branched alkyl, 5-12C cycloalkyl ethyl where the aralkyl, beta-cyanoethyl, beta-alkoxy-carbonyl ethyl where the alkoxy gp. is 1-3C, 6-14C aryl, -CH2-CHR4-OH, or Z is as X or is -NUV, in which U and V are H, 1-20C (un)branched alkyl, 5-12C cycloalkyl, 7-12C aralkyl or 6-14C aryl opt. substd. by 1-8C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, OH, NO2, Cl or Br; also, U may be R5-W in which R5 is 6-10C aryl opt. substd. by Cl, Br, CH3 or CH3O, or a 1-8C (un)branched alkyl or a 7-12C aralkyl, and W is CO- or SO2-; Y is N-R6 in which R6 is H, a 1-20C (un)branched alkyl, a 5-7C cycloalkyl, a 7-12C aralkyl or a 6-14C aryl, all opt. substd. by 1-8C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, OH, NO2, Cl or Br; R3, R6, U and v are not simultaneously H. (I) are stabilisers for polymers in the form of fibres, films of varnishes. The polymers are stabilised against colour change and degradation due to light, ultraviolet light, heat, O2, oxides of N, Cl2 and flue gases. When X = Z and R6 is not H, I are prepd. by reacting an isocyanuric dichloride of formula r6-N=CCl2 with a 4-aminopiperidine. I are used in a wide range of polymers, more esp. in polyurethanes.

Description

Piperidinylguanidines

The invention relates to piperidinylguanidines of the general formula I: In this general formula I, X is a radical in which A is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkynyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or the group -CH2-CHR4- OH, in which R4 represents H, methyl or phenyl, denotes, R1 and R2 are identical or different and each denotes a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 together with the R.ing-C -Atom to which they are bound form a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms, a ß-cyanoethyl radical, a ß-alkoxycarbonylethyl radical with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkoxy part, an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, the group -CH2-CHR40H, in the R4 represents H, methyl or phenyl or the group means in which A, R1 and R2 have the meaning given above.

Z can have the same meaning as X or a group -NUV represent, in which U and V have the following meanings, identical or different: H, one straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn is replaced by alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, as well as C1-C4 alkoxy, hydroxyl or nitro groups or chlorine or bromine atoms may be substituted.

The remainder U can also stand for a group R5 -w, in the R5 one aryl radical optionally substituted by chlorine, bromine, methyl or methoxy groups with 6 or 10 ring carbon atoms or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

stands for a CO or S02 group.

The radical Y denotes a group of the general formula = N-R6 in which R6 can have the following meaning: H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn is through Alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, as well as C1-C4-alkoxy, hydroxyl or nitro groups and can be substituted by chlorine or bromine atoms.

However, R3, R6, U and V do not together represent hydrogen.

Compounds of the general formula I with the abovementioned meaning in which one, two or three radicals from the group R3, U and V are hydrogen, can also be represented by the tautomeric formulas II and III.

In this case, Y means a group NHR6, in which R6 is again the Has the above meaning.

Examples of the radicals R1 and R2 include: methyl, ethyl, Propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, n-lexyl, n-octyl and n-dodecyl radicals, however, alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred and are particularly preferred R1 and R2 are methyl radicals.

Examples in which R1 and R2 together with the ring carbon atom are attached to the they are bonded to form a cycloalkyl ring include: spirocyclopentyl, Spirocyclohexyl, spiromethylcyclohexyl, spirocycloheptyl and spirocyclododecyl rings. Preferably R1 and R2 form a spirocyclohexyl ring.

Examples of A include: hydrogen, the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, Isopropyl, n-butyl, sec. -Butyl-, n-Hexyl-, n-Octyl-, n-Dodecyl-, Al lyl-, C6-Methallyl-Pro-2-ynyl-, Benzyl, sE-methylbenzyl, p-methylbenzyl, α-naphthylmethyl, ß-hydroxyethyl, ß-hydroxypropyl or ß-hydroxy-ß-phenyl-ethyl group. A is preferably hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where Hydrogen and the methyl group are particularly preferred.

Examples of R3 include: H, straight or branched chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, octyl or stearyl, hydroxyalkyl groups such as ß-hydroxyethyl, ß-hydroxy-ß-methyl-ethyl, ß-hydroxy-ß-phenyl-ethyl; Cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclododecyl; Aralkyl groups such as Benzyl, phenylethyl; furthermore the ß-cyanoethyl group and PlkoxvcarbonylSthylreste such as 2-methoxycarbonylethyl, 2-isopropoxycarbonylethyl and aryl radicals such as phenyl, Naphthyl as well as alkyl, alkoxy, halogen (Cl, Br, I) or hydroxy substituted Alkyl groups such as tolyl, tert-butyl-phenyl, octyl-phenyl, methoxyphenyl, butoxyphenyl, Chlorophenyl, hydroxyphenyl.

R3 is preferably hydrogen, straight-chain or branched Alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, Octyl; furthermore cyclohexyl, methylcyclohexyl, benzyl, ß-cyanoethyl, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl and ß-hydroxyethyl.

Hydrogen, methyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl and β-cyanoethyl are very particularly preferred and ß-hydroxyethyl.

Examples of the radicals U and V include: H, alkyl radicals such as methyl, Ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, dodecyl, Stearyl, cycloalkyl radicals such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclododecyl; Aralkyl groups such as benzyl, phenyl, phenylethyl and aryl groups such as phenyl, naphthyl as well as alkyl, alkoxy, bromine, chlorine, hydroxy or nitro substituted aryl groups such as tolyl, tert-butyl-phenyl, octyl-phenyl, methoxyphenyl, chlorophenyl and hydroxyphenyl.

U and V are preferably straight-chain or branched hydrogen Alkyl radicals with 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-helyl, n-octyl; furthermore the cyclohexyl radical, the benzyl radical and aryl radicals such as Phenyl, tolyl, tert-butylphenyl, chlorophenyl and naphthyl. Particularly preferred are n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, Tolyl, tert-butylphenyl, chlorophenyl and naphthyl.

Examples of radical 5 include: phenyl, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, Tolyl, methoxyphenyl, naphthyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, benzyl; preferably aromatic radicals, of which phenyl, chlorophenyl, tolyl and methoxyphenyl in particular are preferred. The radical W preferably stands for a carbonyl group.

Examples of the radical R6 include: H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-dodecyl, tetradecyl, octadecyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, phenylethyl, Phenyl, naphthyl, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, dichlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, tolyl, dimethylphenyl, Methoxyphenyl. Preference is given to hydrogen, alkyl radicals having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, such as n-propyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-dodecyl; furthermore cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, Tolyl, chlorophenyl and nitrophenyl residues. Particularly preferred are H, phenyl, Chlorophenyl, NitropLer.yl and naphthyl residues.

The following compounds of the general formula I are listed as examples: N, N'-dimethyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dimethyl-N" - [1,2,2, 6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N, N'-Diethyl-N "- [1-Benzyl-2,2,, 6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N, N'-diisopropyl-N" - [2.2 , 6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N -isopropyl-N'-tert-butyl-N "- [2,2, 6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N, N'-di-n-butyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dioctyl-N" - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dioctyl-N "- [ 1-ß-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-Didocyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-DiDiasteryl-N" - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-Diphenyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-Diphenyl-N" - [1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-bis- [p -chlorophenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-bis [p- chlorophenyl] -N "- [1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-Dio-tolyl-N" - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N, N'-di-m-tolyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-bis [o .o'-diisopropylphenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-bis- [p-nitrophenyl] -N" - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-bis- [p-methoxyphenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dinaphthyl-N" - [2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dicyclohexyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N, N'-dicyclohexyl-N" - [1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-Acethyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-Butyryl-N' - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-phenylacetyl-N '- [ 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-Benzoyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-Benzoyl-N' - [1,2,2,6,6- pentamethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N-Benzoyl-N'-methyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine Np-chloro-benzoyl-N' - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] - guanidine Np-chloro-benzoyl-N'-cyclohexyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinyl] guanidine Np-chloro-benzoyl-N '- [1-ß-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinyl] guanidine Nm-bromo-benzoyl-N' - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] - guanidine No-methyl-benzoyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-α-naphthoyl-N' - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-methylsulfonyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine Np-methylbenzosulfonyl-N' - [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-phenyl-N ', N "-bis- [2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N-phenyl-N ', N "-dimethyl-N', N" -bis- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine N-phenyl-N ', N "-bis- [1,2,2,6,6, -pentamethylpiperifdinyl] -guanidine N-2,5-dichlorophenyl-N ', N" -bis- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl ] -guanidine N-3-nitrophenyl-N'N "-bis- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine guanidine N-tolyl-N'N" -bis- [2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-naphthyl-N ', N "-bis- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-methyl-N', N" -bis- [2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-CycloheXyl-N'N "-bis-t2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl E-guanidine N-Pheny ethyl-N ', N "-bis- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine N-isopropyl-N'-tt, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyX7-guanidine N-cyclohexyl-N'-Ln, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl2-guanidine N-phenyl-N'-zz, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyX7-guanidine N-phenyl-N '- [1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl] guanidine Np -Chlorophenyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine Np-tert-sutyl-phenyl-Nl-E7t2t6t6-tetramethylpiperidinyl7 guanidine No-methoxymethyl-phenyl-N'-tt, 2,6,6 -tetramethylpiperidinyS-guanidine N, N'-dibutyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine Another object of the invention is the preparation of the compounds according to the invention by the following processes: 1) 4-aminopiperidines of the general Formula IV are reacted with isocyanide dichlorides of the general formula V. The reaction can be described by equation 1.

Equation 1 The radicals A, R1, R2 and R3 have those already given above Meaning. The remainder R7 has the same meaning as the remainder already defined R6, but with the exception of hydrogen.

The isocyanide dichlorides required as starting materials of the general Formula V are known (cf. Angel. Chem. 79, 663 to 680 (1967)).

The inventive reaction with the known 4-aminopiperidines of the general formula IV is carried out in such a way that the 4-aminopiperidine is in a solvent and the isocyanide dichloride is added dropwise.

Suitable solvents are, for example, water; Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, Isopropanol; Ethers such as diisopropyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran; Hydrocarbons such as gasoline, benzene, toluene or xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, Chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene and other solvents such as acetone, Acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, glycol monomethyl ether, etc.

Appropriately, one sets the reaction mixture one of the Reaction released amount of hydrogen chloride equivalent amount of a basic Connection to. Preferably one uses as bases hydroxides, Carbonates and oxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, with sodium, potassium and Calcium hydroxide are particularly preferred.

In a particularly preferred manufacturing variant, a Worked two-phase system, which consists of an aqueous and an organic phase. The solvent used for the organic phase is water-immiscible organic solvents such as gasoline, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, Chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, diisopropyl ether, etc.

The reaction temperature is in the range from -1OOC to + 000C, preferably in the range from 0 to 80 ° C., the range from 0 to 50 ° C. being very particularly preferred is.

2 to 4 moles, preferably 2 to 3 moles, can be used per mole of isocyanide dichloride Moles, particularly preferably 2 moles, of 4-aminopiperidine are used.

Reaction products that are sparingly soluble are separated off by filtration. Reaction products that remain dissolved in the organic phase are removed after evaporation the solvent optionally purified by recrystallization or distillation.

Of course, the process can also be carried out continuously, e.g.

in a reaction tube, a boiler cascade or another for continuous process known apparatus can be carried out.

2) 4-aminopiperidines of the general formula VII are added to carbodiimides of the general formula VIII. The course of the reaction can be represented by the following equation 2: Equation 2 Compounds of the general formula IX can also be represented by the tautomeric formulas IXa and IXb.

The radicals A, R1 and R2 have the meaning already given above. R8 and Rg can be the same or different and have the same meaning as the radical R6 already defined above, but without signifying hydrogen.

The carbodiimides required as starting materials are known compounds. Among other things, they are particularly easy to produce from isocyanates (such. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 84, 3673 (1962)).

They are preferably reacted with the known 4-aminopiperidines so that the reactants are combined and kept for some time at an elevated temperature lets react with each other. The reaction temperature is in the range from 200C to 2000C, preferably 50oC to 1600C; the range of 80 ° C. is particularly preferred up to 14O0C. The reaction time is in the range from 1 to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 16 hours. The range from 2 to 10 hours is particularly preferred.

The proportions in which the reactants with each other implemented can be chosen at will. Preference is given to betting 1 to 1.5 moles of 4-aminopiperidine per mole of carbodiimide, particularly preferred 1 to 1.1 moles of the 4-aminopiperidine.

The reaction can be carried out in a solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions take place. Such solvents are e.g. hydrocarbons such as mineral spirits, toluene ' Xylene; also chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dioxane etc. However, it is preferable to work without a solvent.

In general, the reaction is carried out at normal pressure, man however, it can also work at reduced or increased pressure. If necessary, can working at elevated pressure up to about 10 bar, in particular up to about 5 bar to achieve a higher reaction speed and shorter reaction time be particularly beneficial.

In addition to the monomeric carbodiimides of the general formula VIII can also polymeric carbodiimides, which are made from polyfunctional isocyanates in analogy to the in J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 84, 3673 (1962) described method easily obtained can be used in the reaction, the reaction being the same In the manner described above can.

Solid reaction products can, if necessary, by recrystallization are cleaned, liquid products are optionally purified by distillation in the Vacuum cleaned.

Of course, the process can also be carried out continuously in one for continuous processes known apparatus can be carried out.

3) 4-aminopiperidines of the general formula XI are reacted with cyanamides of the general formula XII. The course of the reaction can be shown by equation 3: Equation 3 The radicals A, R1, R2 and R3 have the meaning already given above. The radicals R10 and R11 can be identical or different and stand for H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn can be substituted by alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, as well as by methoxy or nitro groups and also by chlorine or bromine atoms. The radical R10 can furthermore stand for the group R5-W, the meaning of which is given above.

Cyanamides of the general formula XII are either known or can can be easily obtained using methods known from the literature (see S. Petersen in Houben-Weyl-Müller, Methods of Org. Chemistry 4th Edition, Volume VIII p. 173).

Their implementation with the known 4-amino-piperidines of the general Formula XI is generally carried out in an inert organic solvent Temperatures from -100C to + 1000C, preferably in the range from 0 to 80OC, where the range from OOC to 50.degree. C. is particularly preferred. As an organic solvent For example: hydrocarbons such as petroleum ether, pentane, cyclohexane, benzene, Toluene, xylene, etc .; furthermore chlorinated compounds such as methylene chloride, chloroform, Carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene; also ether such as

Diisopropyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane.

Tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and toluene are particularly preferred.

The order in which the reaction components are added can be as desired take place. 0.5 to 8 moles, preferably 0.9 to 1.5 moles, are particularly preferred per mole of cyanamide preferably 1 to 1.2 mol of 4-aminopiperidine are used. The response time is in the range from 10 minutes to 20 hours, preferably in the range from 30 minutes up to 10 hours.

In general, it is not required of the pure cyanamides to go out. It is advantageous to start with those on which the cyanamides are based From amines, this, as is known from the literature, reacts with cyanogen chloride or cyanogen bromide and brings the cyanamides produced in this way without further purification or intermediate isolation with the 4-aminopiperidines of the general formula XI for Implementation.

In general, the reaction is carried out at normal pressure, man however, it can also work at reduced or increased pressure. If applicable can work at elevated pressure up to about 10 bar, in particular up to about 5 bar to achieve a higher reaction rate and shorter reaction time be particularly beneficial.

Of course, the process can also be carried out continuously in one for continuous processes known apparatus can be carried out.

4) Another variant of the preparation of compounds of the general formula XIII consists in the reaction of cyanamides of the general formula XIV with amines of the general formula XV. This reaction is illustrated by Equation 4.

Equation 4 The radicals A, R1, R2 and R3 have those already listed Meaning. The radicals R10 and R11 have the same meaning as in equation 3 except that R10 in Equation 4 does not represent group R5-W.

Cyanamides of the formula XIV are prepared by reacting cyanogen chloride with aminopiperidines according to equation 5 Equation 5 The radicals R1, R2, R3 and A have the meaning already given above.

The implementation of cyanogen chloride with the known piperidine derivatives takes place so that the piperidine derivative in an inert organic solvent submitted, an equivalent of a base to trap the resulting in the reaction Adds hydrogen chloride and then the cyanogen chloride at temperatures from -200C to + 100C, particularly preferably at -5 OC to +50, is added dropwise.

Per mole of cyanogen chloride 0.5 to 2.0 mol, preferably 0.9 to 1.2 mol, particularly preferably 1 mole of piperidine derivative is used.

Possible bases are, for example: Tertiary amines such as e.g. Trimethylamine, triethylamine or N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, as well as carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals.

The hydroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferred, with sodium and potassium hydroxide being particularly preferred.

Suitable inert organic solvents in which the inventive Implementation can be carried out are e.g.

Petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, methylene chloride, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane.

According to a preferred production variant, in a two-phase system worked, which consists of an aqueous and an organic phase. The organic Phase consists of piperidine derivative and optionally used as the starting material an inert, water-immiscible organic solvent such as petroleum ether, Pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, Methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, diisopropyl ether, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, trichlorethylene, etc.

Reaction products that are sparingly soluble are separated off by filtration. Reaction products that remain dissolved in the organic phase are removed after evaporation purified of the solvent either by distillation or recrystallization.

In general, the reaction is carried out under normal pressure.

However, you can also at reduced pressure or increased pressure up to to about 10 bar, preferably up to about 2 bar, work.

Of course, the process can also be carried out continuously, e.g.

in a reaction tube, a boiler cascade or another for continuous process known apparatus can be carried out.

The cyanamides are generally reacted with the amines in an inert organic solvent at temperatures from -100C to + 1000C, preferably in the range from OOC to 80 ° C., the range from OOC to 500 ° C. being particularly is preferred. as Organic solvents come into question, for example: Hydrocarbons such as petroleum ether, pentane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, etc .; furthermore chlorinated compounds such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, Chlorobenzene; also ethers such as diisopropyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and Dimethoxyethane. Tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and toluene are particularly preferred.

The order in which the reaction components are added can be as desired take place. 0.5 to 8 moles, preferably 0.9 to 1.5 moles, are particularly preferred per mole of cyanamide preferably 1 to 1.2 moles of the amine are used. The response time is in the range from 10 minutes to 20 hours, preferably in the range from 30 minutes to 10 hours.

In general, the reaction is carried out at normal pressure, man however, it can also work at reduced or increased pressure. If necessary, can working at elevated pressure up to about 10 bar, in particular up to about 5 bar to achieve a higher reaction speed and shorter reaction time be particularly beneficial.

Of course, the process can also be carried out continuously in one for continuous processes known apparatus can be carried out.

The compounds according to the invention can be used as stabilizers against Degradation of synthetic polymers can be used.

The term "synthetic polymers" as used includes the following Products include: Polyurethanes, Polyethylene Oxide, Polypropylene Oxides, Polyepoxy Polymers, Polyamides such as nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,10 or Copolyamides from the above components; aromatic polyamides from e.g. isophthalic resp. Terephthalic acid, m-phenylenediamine and / or p-phenylenediamine; Polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate or segmented copolyether esters from Dillydroxy-polytetramethylene Oxidew Terephthalic / isophthalic acid ethylene glycol / 1,4-butanediol or

Cyclohexanediol-1,4; Polycarbonates; Polyimides; Plastics based Cellulose such as cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate, polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene; Polyolefins such as low and high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, Polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polypentenamers, polyacrylonitrile and honopolymers other olefins and copolymers such as ethylene / propylene copolymers, ethylene / propylene-diene copolymers, Ethylene / butylene copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene / butadiene copolymers, Styrene / acrylonitrile copolymers, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymers; Polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride; Copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride with vinyl acetate and other olefins such as e.g. acrylonitrile; unsaturated polyester resins.

A particularly important group of polymers to be stabilized are the elastic polyurethanes, which are optionally present in foamed form can and can be prepared from the known starting materials by processes known per se can be produced. The polyurethanes are generally made by reacting higher molecular weight Polyhydroxyl compounds (e.g.

Polyester or polyether with a molecular weight of about 500 to 5,000, melting points preferably below 60 ° C) and aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates (preferably aromatic diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate) and so-called chain extenders, itteln, i.e. low molecular weight compounds (molar weight e.g. 18 to 400) with two or more, isocyanate-reactive groups (e.g. water, low molecular weight diols, Dia.:lne, Dihydrazides or similar compounds, such as z.1l. Alcohols, aminohydrazides, Hydroxyhydrazides, aminosemicarbazides, semicarbazide hydrazines, semicarbazide carbazine esters or ontoprec) 1er.de Mixtures of these chain extenders in single or multi-stage Process in melt or in solvents according to a multitude of known methods and modifiable processes.

Examples of starting materials are: polyester Adipic acid and dialcohols of 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, preferably those with more than 5 carbon atoms, the dialcohols also reducing the melting points the polyester can be used in a mixture; Polyester made from caprolactone and Dialcohols, also polyalkylene ether diols, especially polytetramethylene ether diols, Polytrimethylene ether diols, polypropylene glycol or corresponding copolyethers. as Diisocyanates are preferably aromatic diisocyanates such as diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, Tolylene diisocyanate, araliphatic, such as m-xylylene diisocyanate or aliphatic Diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4 "-diisocyanate used.

These starting materials are used - if necessary with additionally Dialcohols - converted to NCO pre-adducts, which are preferably those in the Belgian Patent 734,194 have specified structures. As a chain extension agent come - optionally as a mixture or in a stepwise reaction - water and / or Di- or trialcohols such as butanediol and p-xylylene glycols, trimethylolpropane, amino alcohols such as ethanolamine, diamines such as diphenylmethane-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-chloro-diphenylmethane-4,4'-diamine, but preferably aliphatic diamines such as ethylenediamine, 1,2-propylenediamine, isophoronediamine, meta-xylylenediamine and hydrazine or dihydrazides such as carbodihydrazide, oxalic acid dihydrazide, Glutaric acid dihydrazide, pimple in acid dihydrazide, terephthalic acid dihydrazide, ß-alanylhydrazide or semicarbazide hydrazides, such as β-semicarbazide-alanyl hydrazide, optionally as Mixtures of chain extenders for use.

Preference is given to stabilizing polyurethanes which, in addition to urethane groups, also contain -NH-CO-NH groups and one essentially formed by reaction of isocyanate groups with water and / or NH2-end group-containing compounds (e.g. diamines, dihydrazides, carbodihydrazide, semicarbazide hydrazide or hydrazine) have a linear, segmented molecular structure, are soluble in highly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide before they are shaped, and the characteristic segments of which can be characterized by simple formula excerpts: this segment may have arisen from the conversion of an NCO pre-adduct OCN.Y.NCO with a chain extender H2N.X.NH2.

The remainder -Y- of the NCO pre-adduct can be built up as follows, for example: -R.NH.CO.O.D.O.CO.NH.R.-or other common compositions have (see Belgian patent specification: 734,194).

Herein R means a divalent aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical (a diisocyanate), D the radical of a higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compound with a molecular weight of 500 to 5,000 and melting points below 600C without their terminal ends Hydroxyl groups (e.g. residue of a polyalkylene ether, polyester, polyacetal, poly-N-alkyl urethane). X is the residue of a divalent chain extender with terminal NH2 groups without the terminal NH2 groups, e.g. an aliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radical, an -HN-CO-alkylene-CO-DE radical, an -NH-CO-NH- (CH2) 2-CO-MH radical or a bond between two N atoms. The synthesis of such polyurethane (ureas) is detailed e.g. in the German Auslegeschrift 1,270,276 and in the Belgian Patent 734,194. Polyurethane "foams can, for example, with the addition of the stabilizers to the starting components (e.g. polyethers) according to known processes and recipes (s.

e.g. Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume VII, Polyurethane, Carl Hanser Verlag Munich, 1966, pages 440 to 457, 504 to 531).

The synthetic polymers find due to their excellent properties wide application, for example as threads, fibers, films, lacquers or plates. Disadvantageous However, these synthetic polymers are affected by their poor durability against light and warmth. Polyolefin, polyamide and polyurethane elastomers e.g. experience a sensitive degradation when exposed to light and heat in the loss of their good mechanical properties and sometimes considerable Expresses discoloration.

To stabilize these synthetic polymers is therefore a A number of different stabilizing agents have been proposed, such as phenol derivatives, Benzophenone compounds or derivatives of benzotriazole. These products meet However, not all of the necessary prerequisites have yet been met.

The compounds of general formula (I) give synthetic ones Polymers provide excellent protection against degradation.

In particular, the stabilizers serve to stabilize synthetic ones Polymers against discoloration and degradation when exposed to visible and / or light, Heat and / or atmospheric, such as oxygen, nitrogen oxide, chlorine and combustion exhaust gases.

The compounds of the general formula used as stabilizers (I) Can be incorporated into the synthetic polymer easily by any of the usual methods be incorporated into a polymer for compounding additives. For example can be the liquid, molten or solid, powdered stabilizer with the synthetic Polymers mixed or in the form of a solution, suspension or emulsion with a melt, solution, suspension or emulsion of the synthetic polymer mixed will. If appropriate, this can also take place during the production of the polymer take place. In the case of threads, an application can also be in the form of a melt of the preparation take place on the surface, or an embedding in the gel state during wet spinning of the threads take place out of the coagulation bath.

The amount of stabilizer used depends on the type and the particular use of the polymer and is at the discretion of those skilled in the art. In general, the dosage of the stabilizer is 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 3.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 2.5% by weight, based on the amount of the polymer.

In addition to the stabilizers, other known additives can also be used are incorporated into the polymer. Such additives include: Antioxidants hindered phenol type such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 4,4'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-3-methyl-phenol; 2,2'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol); α, α'-bis (2-hydroxy-3,5-dialkylphenyl) -p-diisopropyl-benzenes; ; '-Bis- (2-hydroxy-3,5-dialkylphenyl) -m-diisopropyl-benzenes; 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert-butyl-phenol); 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexyl phenol); 1,1,3-Tris-t5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenyl) -butane; Tetrakis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl-propionylorymethyl) methane; Farther Divalent sulfur compounds such as dilauryl thiodipropionate; links of trivalent phosphorus, such as triphenyl phosphite, tris (p-nonylphenyl) phosphite, as well as UV absorbers based on 2- (2'-hydroxyphenyl) -benzotriazole, such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole, 2- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-2' hydroxyphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole; or UV absorbers benzophenone-based such as 2-hydroxy-4-octoxy-benzophenone; 2 ', 4'-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; Cyanoacrylic acid esters such as e.g.

α-cyano-ß-methyl-ß- (p-methoxyphenyl) acrylate and other light stabilizers such as 2,2'-thiobis (4-tert-octyl-phenolate) -n-butylamine-nickel.

The following examples only serve to explain the Invention. The structures of the compounds are identified by their nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra clearly defined.

M + is the abbreviation for the mass of the molar ion in the mass spectrum.

Example 1 N, N'-Dicyclohexyl-N "- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine 51.5 g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 44.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are used mixed and then the mixture with the exclusion of air and moisture 6 Hours.

heated to 140 ° C. The volatile components are then distilled in a high vacuum and obtained after cooling 82 g of the compound in the form of a yellow resin.

C22H42N4 (362.6) found. M + 362 Example 2 N-Isopropyl-N'-tert -butyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine 14.0 g of N-isopropyl-N'-tert-butyl-carbodiimide and 21.3 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are mixed and heated to 120 ° C for 8 hours with the exclusion of air and moisture. The batch is then fractionated in a high vacuum.

17 g of the compound are obtained in the form of a colorless liquid dated bp0.03 1100C.

C17H36N4 (296) found. M + 296 Example 3 N, N'-Di-phenyl-N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine 38.8 g of diphenylcarbodiimide are initially introduced and slowly 44.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine added dropwise. The mass formed in the exothermic reaction is 1 hour at 1400C heated, then cooled and boiled twice with white spirit.

After filtering off and drying, 60 g of the compound are obtained in the form of a colorless powder with a melting point of 1700C.

C22H30N4 (350.5) found. M + 350 Example -4 N, N'-Bis- [o, o'-diisopropylphenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiny guanidine 72.5 g bis (o, o'-diisopropylphenyl) carbodiimide and 34.1 g 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are mixed and the mixture is heated to 140 ° C. for 10 hours. Then be volatile components are distilled off in a high vacuum at 140 ° C. and the residue is cooled. 104 g of the compound are obtained in the form of a yellow resin.

C34H54N4 (518.8) found. M + 518 Example 5 N, N'-Bis- [p -chlorophenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine 52.6 g of bis-IP-chlorophenyl-carbodiimide are presented and 44.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine added dropwise. The mixture is stirred for 10 hours at 140 ° C. and then fractionated in a high vacuum. 43 g of the compound result in the form of a yellowish liquid from SdP0.02 180 ° C, which slowly crystallized.

C22H28C12N4 (419.4) found. M + 418 for 35C1 Example 6 N, N'-Bis- [o-methylphenyl] -N "- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine 44.2 g of bis-to-methylphenyl-carbodiimide are presented and 44.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine is added dropwise, the mixture is stirred for 10 hours at 120.degree. C. and then distilled the volatile components in a high vacuum 140 ° C. After cooling, the compound is obtained in the form of a yellowish resin. Yield 68 g.

C24H34N4 (378.6) found. M + 378 Example 7 Example 7 describes the Production of a polymeric guanidine from a polymeric carbodiimide.

13.1 g of a polymeric carbodiimide, which consists of a mixture of 80 parts of 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and 20 parts of 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate according to the in J.Amer.Chem.Soc. 84, 3673 (1962) described method dissolved in 50 ml of toluene and added 35 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. The mixture is stirred first for 1 hour at room temperature and then for 4 hours under reflux. The solvent is then distilled off in vacuo and the residue is distilled off in a high vacuum freed from the last volatile components. 44 g of polymeric guanidine are obtained in the form of a light brown resin.

Example 8 N-Benzoyl-N'-IT2,2,6, S-tetramethylpiperidinyil-guanidine 14.6 g of benzoylcyanamide are suspended in 100 ml of toluene and slowly stirred with stirring 17.2 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine were added dropwise. The mixture is stirred for a further 5 hours. at 50 ° C, allowed to cool and sucks off. After drying, 23 g of the are obtained Compound in the form of a colorless powder with a melting point of 168-17O0C.

C17H26N40 (302.4) found. M + 302 Example 9 N-o-Methylbenzoyl-N '- 12r 2,6r 6-tetramethylpiperidinyJJ -guanidine In the same way As stated in Example 8, 32 g of o-methylbenzoylcyanamide and 31.5 are obtained g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine in 200 ml of toluene, 50.2 g of N-o-methylbenzoyl-N '- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] guanidine as a colorless powder with a melting point of 138-140 ° C.

C18H28N40 (316.5) found. M + 316 Example 10 N-p-Methoxybenzoyl-N '- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine In the same manner as indicated in Example 8, 35.2 g are obtained from p-Methoxybenzoylcyanamide and 31.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine in 100 ml of toluene, 62.4 g of N-p-methoxybenzoyl-N '- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine as a colorless powder with a melting point of 160-1630C.

C18H28N402 (332.5) found. M + 332 Example 11 N-p-Chlorobenzoyl-N '- 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperFdinyl-guanidine In the same way as in example 8 is obtained from 37.0 g of p-chlorobenzoylcyanamide and 31.5 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine in 100 ml of toluene 65.3 g of N-p-chlorobenzoyl-N'- [2,2,6 6-tetramethylpiperidinyl3-guanidine as a colorless powder with a melting point of 130-1340C.

C17H25C1N40 (336.9) found. M + 336 Example 12 N-Phenyl-N'-N "-bis- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine 46.8 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are dissolved in 100 ml of water and within a solution of 17.4 g of phenyl isocyanide dichloride in 30 ml of dioxane was added dropwise over a period of 3 hours. The mixture is stirred for a further 2 hours at room temperature, then cooled to 0-5 ° C. and one is added Add a solution of 8 g of sodium hydroxide in 25 ml of water to the batch. You leave the approach Rise to room temperature with stirring and stir for a further 2 hours at SOOC. After cooling, the colorless product is filtered off with suction and dried. Yield 27 g, M.p. 166-1680C.

C25H43N5 (413.7) found. M + 413 Example 13 Example 13 demonstrated the representation of the substance described in Example 12 in a two-phase system.

62.4 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are dissolved in 400 ml of sodium hydroxide solution solved. A solution of 34.8 g of phenyl isocyanide dichloride is added dropwise to the solution at 40 ° C. while stirring in 200 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred for a further 3 hours at 40 ° C., allowed to cool, the organic phase is separated off and the solvent is evaporated off in vacuo, the residue that remains The solid is washed with acetonitrile. Yield 71 g, m.p.

166-1680C.

Example 14 N-m-Nitrophenyl-N ', N "-bis- [2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine 39 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are added to 100 ml of water and 10 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in it.

A solution of 27.4 g of m-nitrophenyl isocyanide dichloride is added dropwise over the course of 3 hours in 60 ml of dioxane in the batch and stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. After cooling down the deep red colored organic phase is separated off, the solvent in vacuo evaporated and the residue left to crystallize. The educated Crystals are suctioned off through a glass frit and washed twice with 25 ml of ether each time. Yield 28.4 g of yellow crystals with a melting point of 83-85 ° C.

The compound contains 1 mole of crystal dioxane.

C25H42N602 (458, '7) found. M + 458 Example 15 N-Phenyl-N '- [2,2,6,6, -tetramethylpiperidinyl] -guanidine 46.5 g of aniline are dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran and added to the solution at 0 ° C 15 g of cyanogen chloride were added dropwise. The mixture is subsequently stirred for 15 minutes and the precipitated product is filtered off Aniline hydrochloride. 42.7 g of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are added to the filtrate at RT was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred for a further 4 hours at room temperature.

It is then filtered off with suction and, after drying, 67 g of the compound are obtained in the form of a colorless powder with a melting point of 146-1480C. After recrystallization from isopropanol, the substance has a melting point of 1540C.

C16H26N4 (274.4) Example 16 a) Manufacturing instructions for the polyurethane to be stabilized 1000 parts of an adipic acid-hexanediol-1t6 / 2,2-dimethylpropanediol-1,3 mixed polyester (Molar ratio of glycols 65:35; molecular weight 1860) are 19.8 parts N-methyl-bis (β-hydroxy-propyl) amine, 280.7 parts of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate and 328 parts of dimethylformamide and heated to 45 to 50 ° C for 72 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the NCO prepolymer formed has an NCO content of 2.92% (based on solids).

748 parts of this prepolymer solution are converted into a solution of 33.7 parts H2N.NH.CO.NH.CH2.CH2.CO.NH.NH2 in 67 parts of water and 1570 parts of dimethylformamide entered with stirring.

The homogeneous, viscous solution is mixed with 4% rutile, based on solids, pigmented and has a viscosity of 440 poise / 250C.

b) Measurement of the stabilizing effect on elastomer films or (cut) threads.

The elastomer solutions are in each case with or without the stabilizers or reference substances in the specified amounts (in the form of a concentrated Solution in dimethylformamide), homogenized by stirring and the solution processed to the moldings.

The solutions are preferably in layer thicknesses of about 0.2 mm Painted on glass plates and dried to form films at 70 to 1000C in a drying cabinet.

In the screening test, the films can be cut into strips approx. 1 cm wide and exposed in the fadeometer (assessment of discoloration and qualitative Behavior of degradation upon exposure).

The films are preferably made square in a film cutting machine Threads cut with a total denier of about 200 to 300 dtex and as such Cutting threads exposed. Due to the large surface, the damage is here Exposure more intense and the behavior technically (produced in spinning processes Threads) practically identical. The solutions can also be used in the wet or dry spinning process to be spun.

c) Stabilizer additives and stabilizer effect The specified amounts of stabilizer are added to the polyurethane (urea) elastomer solutions, the solutions dried to form films and these as cut threads, (approx. 300 dtex) in the fadeometer exposed and (in part) tested for tensile strength / elongation at break or discoloration (see table 1).

The elastomer solutions with 2% stabilizer 1) were both after Both dry and wet spinning processes are spun into elastomer threads (approx. 300 dtex). These Threads showed a similar stabilization against discoloration or approximately the same Half-lives of the tear strength under UV exposure like the cut filaments from films.

The additives have a significant stabilizing effect against reduction in tear strength, reduction in elongation at break, as well as in particular against discoloration when exposed to light.

Table 1 Stabilizing effect in polyester urethanes (according to Example 16 / a): tensile strength / elongation at break or discoloration of cut threads with or without stabilizer additives. Stabilizer amount of tensile strength / breaking strength or discoloration Addition according to stabilization - (cN / dtex) / (%) example: Addition after fadeometer exposure of cut threads (300 dtex) (% in the Fixed substance) 0 22 44 66 88 hours (Comparison) - without - 0.53 / 620 0.37 / 525 0.22 / 436 nmnm colorless yellow-yellow yellow yellow-brown yellow-brown 1 2.0 0.61 / 590 0.56 / 570 0.48 / 540 0.46 / 530 0.35 / 485 colorless colorless colorless colorless almost colorless 1 1.5 colorless colorless colorless colorless almost colorless 1 1.0 colorless colorless colorless almost colorless almost colorless to yellowish 1 0.5 colorless colorless colorless almost colorless almost colorless to yellowish 1 0.3 colorless colorless colorless almost colorless yellow (1) (0.1) colorless colorless almost colorless yellowish yellow Table 1 (continuation) 4 2.0 0.55 / 640 0.55 / 640 0.42 / 550 0.40 / 545 0.30 / 490 colorless colorless almost colorless yellowish yellowish 3 2.0 0.81 / 675 0.54 / 655 0.44 / 630 0.42 / 620 0.30 / 560 colorless colorless almost colorless yellowish yellowish 5 2.0 0.58 / 670 0.54 / 665 0.45 / 610 0.37 / 580 0.29 / 486 colorless colorless almost colorless almost colorless yellowish 8 2.0 colorless colorless almost colorless almost colorless almost colorless to yellowish 9 2.0 colorless colorless colorless yellowish yellowish 10 2.0 colorless colorless colorless yellowish yellowish 11 2.0 colorless colorless colorless yellowish yellowish 12 2.0 colorless colorless colorless colorless almost colorless nm = no longer measurable: tear strength below 0.1 cN / dtex; Elongation below 200%., -The half-lives of the tear strength after exposure are considerably improved by the stabilizer additives (approx. 100 to 200% improvement: from approx. 30 to approx. 90 fadeometer * hours), while at the same time the other elastic values such as elongation at break, modulus and permanent elongation can be retained much better. The surfaces of the polyurethane films or

-Coatings remain elastic when stretched while in the The tear resistance of the films has a cracked surface structure form.

The effectiveness is surprising even with small amounts of stabilizer. Even with an additive of 0.1% by weight, a clear initial stabilization can still be seen, while it is less effective at higher exposure intensities. From about 0.3 %, however, there is a clear stabilization, which is achieved by a further increase in quantity shows only a slight improvement in the effect of the discoloration.

Combination with other types of antioxidants, for example phenolic types, brings certain advantages, but mostly the influence predominates of the stabilizers according to the invention.

However, the particular effectiveness of the stabilizers is not exclusive bound to this tetramethylpiperidine residue, but is of the Gesamtkonstitution'des Significantly modified stabilizer. This is in the comparison tests of the Table 3 clearly shows where similar, partly known compounds (see Table 2) have a have much less effect. The particular effectiveness of the invention Stabilizers could not be derived from this.

Table 2 Comparative substances ABCD according to FR-PS 1 360 030 US-PS 3 334 103 FR-PS 1 526 656 according to DT-OS 2 349 962 according to DT-OS 2 349 962 according to US-PS 3 147 268 NL-OS 7 313 683 The stabilizing effects of these substances for the polyurethane according to example i7 a) the following are shown in table 3): Table 3 Tear strength / elongation at break or discoloration of cut threads made of PU elastomers with the addition of (partly known) compounds of the tetramethylpiperidine series.

(Comparison tests) Comparative amount of tear strength / elongation at break or discoloration substance% (cN / dtex) (%) after fadeometer exposure (in hours) 0 22 44 66 88 A 2.0 0.56 / 665 0.28 / 490 0.18 / 422 - - colorless yellowish yellow yellowish brown brownish yellow B 2.0 colorless yellow yellow brown yellow brown brown yellow C 2.0 colorless almost yellow yellow brown brown yellow colorless D 2.0 colorless yellowish yellow yellow brown brown yellow As the results show, there is little or no improvement in the resistance to degradation or a reduction in discoloration in polyurethanes. The stabilizers according to the invention have a considerably better stabilizing effect.

Example 17 a) Production instructions for the polyurethane to be stabilized In a carbamate suspension, formed by adding 25 parts of solid carbonic acid in a solution of 12.68 parts of ethylenediamine (99%) in 1578 parts of dimethylformamide, 718 parts of the NCO prepolymer described in Example 10 are stirred in. Man After pigmentation with 4% rutile, it produces a viscous solution of about 210 poise.

b) Stabilization of the polyurethane according to 17 a) In proportions of the solutions of Example 17 a (ethylene diamine-extended polyester urethane) are each 2 8 of the stabilizers according to example 1) or 4) redeemed and used as cut threads (approx. 250 dtex) compared with stabilizer-free threads. The less stable polyurethane (compared to Example 16 a) is due to the stabilizers in the half-life its tear resistance also improved by more than 100% (from approx. 12 to approx. 30 fadeometer exposure hours).

Example 18 600 parts of dimethyl terephthalate, 20 parts of dimethyl isophthalate and 980 parts of polystetramethylene glycol (molecular weight 980) are made with 750 parts Butane-1,4-diol melted at approx. 150 to 165 ° C, with 0.45 mmol Ti (OC4Hg) 4 / (CH3COO) 2.Mg and 0.05 wt .-% di-ßnaphthyl-p-phenylenediamine mixed and at atmospheric pressure at 200 to 220 ° C the ester interchange reaction until the end of the elimination of methanol carried out. The temperature is then increased to 2500C and a vacuum is increasingly applied and the excess at a pressure of about 0.3 to 0.5 Torr Butanediol distilled off from the batch. After a polycondensation time of approx The melt is discharged under N2 for 75 minutes and cooled.

The segmented copolyesterether elastomer is made in hot tetrachloroethane dissolved to a 20% solution. In fractions of the solution becomes the stabilizer in amounts of 2%, based on the solid substance, dissolved and the solution dried to form foils.

The foils (approx. 0.2 mm thick) are placed in a fadeometer with UV light irradiated. During the film without added stabilizer after 1320 minutes of exposure time discolored lemon yellow and stiffened brittle, losing its elasticity and breaks very easily splintering, the film is with 2% addition of stabilizer 1 almost colorless and has remained elastic.

The slight yellowing fades with longer exposure; the stabilized Films only begin to become brittle after an exposure time of around 2500 minutes.

Example 19 A 12% solution of a copolyamide (manufactured by Polycondensation of 50 parts by weight of caprolactam and 35 parts by weight of hexamethylene-1,6-diammonium adipate and 20 parts by weight of hexamethylene-1,6-diammonium sebacate) in 85 parts by weight Methanol, 6 parts by weight isopropanol, 4.5 parts by weight isobutanol and 4.5 parts by weight Water is a) without added stabilizer or, b) with 2% by weight of the stabilizer according to Example 3 each dried to about 0.10 mm thick films and 300 hours exposed in the fadeometer, The copolyamide a) is without a stabilizer this embrittles and breaks when the film is bent, while the stabilizer containing film b) has remained flexible.

Example 20 400 parts of a poly-tetramethylene ether diol of molecular weight 1045 (POLYMEG 1000 from Quaker Oats Company) are made with a solution of 140.8 parts Diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate and 135 parts of dimethylformamide at 50 ° C. for as long implemented until the NCO content is 3.2% (based on the solids content of the prepolymer solution) amounts to.

6.02 parts of hydrazine hydrate are dissolved in 898 parts of dimethylformamide, by adding 10 parts of solid carbonic acid, the carbonate suspension of the hydrazine formed and this by stirring in 430 parts of the above NCO prepolymer solution for segmented linear polyurethane implemented. The homogeneous, viscous elastomer solution (51 poise / 20 ° C) is pigmented with a TiO2 suspension (4% TiO2 / rutile based on elastomer solid).

The solution is in different parts both without a stabilizer (comparative experiment) as well as with stabilizer additives and poured onto elastomer films.

These elastomer films are exposed in the form of strips in the fadeometer (for results see Table 4). The results show that the unstabilized polyether urethane yellows very quickly and has already been degraded after 22 hours of exposure to the fadeometer (no more strength, formation of craquelure in the film surface with little elongation), Table 4 Fadeometer exposure of film strips after 22 hours 44 hours 63 hours 89 hours without stabilizer yellow yellow (brown) yellow-brown Films without Fe films without sturdiness, pestilence, Craquele formation. Films without strength, totally removed Largely completely dismantled degraded Fe- sturdiness + 2% by weight stabilizer colorless colorless colorless colorless of example 1 strength practically unchanged strength fully loaded practicality, no craquelure, table unchanged fully elastic Example 21 A copolymer of 60 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 40 parts by weight of vinyl chloride is dissolved in dimethylformamide at 40 ° C. to form a 22% strength solution. Portions of the solution are cast with or without stabilizer additives to form about 0.15 mm thick films and then exposed in the fadeometer.

As soon as the solution dries up into films (about 1 hour / 100o) the film is slightly brownish in color without stabilizer, the film with 2 wt .-% Stabilizer additive 1, on the other hand, is colorless. In addition to this thermal stabilization effect the stabilizer also shows protection against UV light: after 1320 minutes of fadeometer exposure the film with the addition of stabilizer did not discolour during the discoloration of the unstabilized film has increased.

Example 22 4-Cyanamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Dissolve 156 g (1 mol) of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine in 500 ml of methylene chloride, add 40 g (1 mol) of sodium hydroxide in 500 ml of water are added and 51 ml of cyanogen chloride are added dropwise at 0-5 ° to.

The mixture is stirred until room temperature is reached and 166 g are filtered 4-Cyanamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine of m.p. 2400C. (Yield corresponds to 91.5 % of theory).

C10H19N3 (181.3) found. M + 181 Example 23 4- (N-Methyl-N-cyano) -amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiSeridine 170 g (1 mol) of 4-N-methyl-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine are dissolved in 500 ml of methylene chloride, add 40 g (1 mol) of sodium hydroxide in 500 ml of water and drop in at 0-5 ° 51 ml of cyanogen chloride. The mixture is stirred until room temperature is reached, the organic separates Phase off, dry it over sodium sulfate; filtered off and the methylene chloride is distilled off away. 162 g (83% of theory) of 4- (N-methyl-N-cyano) -amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine remain as residue of m.p. 73-770C.

C11H21N3 (195.3) found. M + 195 Example 24 In the same way and As in Example 2, 4-cyclohexylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine is used 4- (N-Cyclohexyl-N-cyano) -amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine of melting point 1230C.

C16H19N3 (263.4) found. M + 263 Example 25 In the same way and In a manner as in Example 2, 4-benzylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine is used 4- (N-Benzyl-N-cyano) -amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine of m.p. 215-2190C.

C17H25N3 (271.4) found. M 271

Claims (15)

Claims: 1) Piperidinylguanidine compounds of the general formula I. and the corresponding tautomeric forms in which X is a radical in which A is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkynyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or the group -CH2-CHR4- OH, in which R4 is H, methyl or phenyl, denotes, R1 and R2 are identical or different and each denotes a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 together with the ring carbon atom to which they are bound, form a cycloalkyl ring with 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group with 7 to 12 carbon atoms, a ß-cyanoethyl radical, a ß-alkoxycarbonylethyl radical with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkoxy part, an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, the group -CH2-CHR4-OH, in the R4 represents H, methyl or phenyl or the group denotes in which A, R1 and R2 have the meaning given above, Z has the same meaning as X or represents a group -NUV in which U and V are identical or different, H is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 C- Atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, through alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, as well as C1-C4-alkoxy , Hydroxyl or nitro groups or can be substituted by chlorine or bromine atoms represent, the radical U stands for a group R -W in which R5 is optionally by chlorine, bromine, methyl or methoxy groups substituted aryl radical with 6 or 10 ring carbon atoms or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms and W stands for a CO or SO 2 group, the radical Y. denotes a group of the general formula = N-R6, in which R6 denotes H, a straight-chain or branched chain gten alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn is represented by alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms Atoms, as well as by C1-C4 alkoxy, hydroxyl or nitro groups or by chlorine or bromine atoms, where R3, R6, U and V do not jointly denote H. 2) Piperidinylguanidine compounds of the general formula I according to Claim 1, in which the radicals R1 and R2, identically or differently, are alkyl radicals with 1 represent up to 4 carbon atoms or together form a cyclohexyl ring, A H or a Alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms means, R3 H, an alkyl radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Cyclohexyl, methylcyclohexyl, benzyl, n-cyanoethyl, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl or hydroxyethyl means, U and V are identical or different for H, alkyl radicals with 3 to 8 carbon atoms, Cyclohexyl, benzyl or aryl, R5 phenyl, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, tolyl, Is methoxyphenyl, naphthyl or benzyl, W stands for a carbonyl group and R6 H, alkyl radicals with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, tolyl, chlorophenyl or Nitrophenyl, where R3, R6, U and V do not represent H together. 3) Piperidinylguanidine compounds of the general formula I according to Claim 1, in which the radicals R1 and R2 are methyl, A H or methyl, R3 H, methyl, cyclohexyl, Represent benzyl, ß-cyanoethyl or ß-hydroxyethyl, U and V are identical or different Propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, tolyl mean tert-butylphenyl, chlorophenyl or naphthyl, R5 phenyl, Chlorophenyl, tolyl or methoxyphenyl and R6 H, phenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl or naphthyl. 4) Process for the preparation of piperidinylguanidines of the general formula VI in which A, R, R2, R3 and R7 have the meaning given in claim 1, where R7, R6 denote with the exception of H, characterized in that 4-aminopiperidine compounds of the formula IV with isocyanide dichlorides of the formula V. is reacted at temperatures from -100 ° C. to 100 ° C. in the presence of solvents, 2 to 4 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula IV being used per mole of isocyanide dichloride. 5) The method according to claim 4, characterized in that per mole Isocyanide dichloride 2 to 3 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula IV can be used. 6) Method according to claim 4, characterized in that per mole Isocyanide dichloride 2 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula IV are used. 7) Process for the preparation of piperidinylguanidines of the general formula IX in which A, R1, R2, R8 and Rg have the meaning given in claim 1, where R8 and p are R6 with the exception of hydrogen, characterized in that 4-aminopiperidines of the formula VII with carbodiimides of the formula VIII R8 - N =C =N - R9 VIII at temperatures of 20 to 2000C. 8) Method according to claim 7, characterized in that per mole Carbodiimide 1 to 1.5 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula VII can be used. 9) Method according to claim 7, characterized in that per mole Carbodiimide 1 to 1.1 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula VII can be used. 10) Process for the preparation of piperidinylguanidines of the general formula XIII in which R1, R2, A and R3 have the meaning given in claim 1 and R10 and R11, identically or differently, H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn can be substituted by alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, methoxy, nitro, chlorine or bromine atoms, or R10 represents the group R5 -W denotes in which R5 and W have the meaning given in claim 1, characterized in that 4-hminopiperidines of the formula XI with cyanamides of the formula XII be reacted in an organic solvent at temperatures of -10 to 1000C, 0.5 to 8 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula XI being used per mole of cyanamide. 11) The method according to claim 10, characterized in that per mole Cyanamide 0.9 to 1.5 moles of the aminopiperidine of the formula XI can be used. 12) Method according to claim 10, characterized in that c) ass per Moles of cyanamide 1 to 1.2 moles of 4-aminopiperidine of the formula XI can be used. 13) Process for the preparation of piperidinylguanidines of the general formula XIII in which R1, R2, -R3 and A have the meaning given in claim 1 and R10 and R11, identically or differently, H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical having 5-12 carbon atoms, a Aralkyl radical with 7 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl radical with 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which in turn can be substituted by alkyl radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, methoxy, nitro, chlorine or bromine atoms, are characterized by that cyanamides of the formula XIV with amines of the formula XV in an organic solvent at temperatures of -10 to 1000C, 0.5 to 8 moles of the amine of the formula XV being used per mole of cyanamide. 14) Method according to claim 13, characterized in that per mole Cyanamide 0.9 to 1.5 moles of the amine of the formula XV can be used. 15) Method according to claim 13, characterized in that per mole Cyanamide 1 to 1.2 moles of the amine of the formula XV can be used.