DE2400539A1 - DEVICE FOR LOCKING A PRESSURE CHAMBER - Google Patents

Description

Dipi.-in ·. Γ. -. T2 sen, Dipl-! R> 3. :: .. '. ". ^ ₁ -CHT

Dr.-lng. Γ ..! /:. ..: Γ 7th Jr ₁ • Munich 22, Steinadorretfc 1 ·

410-21.991P January 7, 1974

COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE, Paris (France )

Device for shutting off a pressure chamber

The invention relates to devices for the rapid shut-off of pressure chambers and containers with such devices, in particular For evenly strong compression of baking powders, such as those used in the manufacture of ceramic bodies for spark plugs for cars or are customary for purposes of chemistry in high pressure reactors.

Devices for quickly shutting off a pressure chamber are known with shut-off devices at a first end of the pressure

410- (B 4551.3) -Bgn-r (8)

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chamber are arranged, with a pressure booster attached to the other End of the pressure chamber is connected, and with devices that serve the shut-off devices and the pressure booster put under pressure.

It is an object of the invention to provide a shut-off device create that shut off much faster than the known devices, and apply them to a pressure chamber. Another task is to create a shut-off device applied to an automatic machine of an industrial type and its pressurization serving facility can be regulated.

For this purpose, a shut-off device is proposed according to the invention, which is characterized in that it contains:

a) a device for quick shut-off, consisting of a pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device, which is between the both legs of a U-shaped holder attached to the pressure chamber is inserted,

b) a seat ring which is pressed onto the first end of the pressure chamber is operated by a pressure cylinder with pressure piston, which is acted upon by the pressurizing means,

c) an axial lantern placed in the bottom of the second end of the pressure chamber is arranged and connected to the pressure booster, which is acted upon by the means serving for pressurization will.

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_ 3 -

Thanks to this very important feature, the pressure cylinder is releasably attached between the legs of the U-shaped holder, whereby its maintenance facilitates and in operation the tightness of its connection with the pressure chamber through the under-pressure. Setting the printing cylinder, serving means is guaranteed.

A particularly interesting embodiment of the invention is characterized is characterized in that the pressure cylinder with pressure piston is a cylindrical Closure piece with a ground bottom, which is connected to the pressure chamber, and has an adjustable stopper, which ensures the tightness of the pressure chamber from the start and is arranged opposite the floor and provided with a channel is ^ which is connected to a channel in the adjacent Legs of the U-shaped holder is arranged.

You can also be designed so that the pressure cylinder actuated Shut-off device has a rotatable spherical plug, which in the cylindrical closure piece between a double-acting piston that also slides in the adjustable stopper, and the seat ring, which is located in the ground floor, is included.

This can also be designed in such a way that the plug is rotated by a shaft which is leak-tight through the wall of the cylindrical Closure piece passed through and accessible from the outside.

The pressing of the plug enables complete, right from the start

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Tightness of the organs of the pressure cylinder-actuated pressed against the pressure chamber Reach shut-off device. This previous adjustment of the pressure cylinder does not affect the spherical plug; this retains its free rotation on the seat ring as long as the hydraulic fluid is not applied to the piston. So the wear and tear of the Seat ring avoided.

An interesting feature of the invention may be that the adjustable plug and an end face of the piston one delimit the pressure chamber serving to close the shut-off device, which is thus connected directly to a pressure fluid line is that the hydraulic fluid presses the plug onto the seat ring. This hermetically seals the pressure chamber.

Another feature may be that the bottom of the cylindrical closure piece and another end face of the piston a pressure chamber serving to open the shut-off device delimit, which is directly connected to another hydraulic fluid line so that the hydraulic fluid the shut-off device stands out from the seat arm. The supply of liquid or gas into the pressure chamber used for opening causes the spherical plug to be lifted up and lifted off the seat ring to bring it to its open position to be brought, which brings the pressure chamber with the outside air in connection at the end of the actuation.

Another embodiment of the invention can consist in

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that the pressure booster is removable and two coaxially one behind the other arranged cylinder, namely a high pressure cylinder connected to the pressure chamber and one to the means for pressurizing connected low-pressure cylinder ', as well as a piston with two stages, whose diameter corresponds to the cylinder diameter correspond, has.

Another feature can be that the pressure booster has an adjustable bottom cover, which the low-pressure cylinder closes and causes the tightness of this cylinder. The ratio between the diameters of the cylinders allows to multiply the initial pressure applied to the lower pistons.

Another feature may be the pressurizing means Contain hydraulic fluid lines and a pressure regulator, which is switched on in the line of the low pressure cylinder.

And finally, a feature may be that the pressure regulator controls the fluid pressure in the low pressure cylinder on a holds the set value.

In the - single - figure, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically as an example.

The reference numeral 1 denotes a pressure chamber into which a body (not shown) to be treated under pressure

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is brought. At the ends 5 and 6 of the pressure chamber are a pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device 2 and a pressure booster 3 arranged. The walls 4 of the pressure chamber are thick enough to withstand the working pressures with certainty. The ends 5 and 6 of the chamber are machined so that they are completely close to the pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device 2 and to the pressure booster 3 are present.

The pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device 2 is a detachable whole between the two legs 7a, 7b the pressure chamber 1 attached U-shaped holder 8 used. The tightness between the pressure chamber 1 and the pressure cylinder actuated shut-off device 2 is described below own organs of the pressure cylinder and caused by a pressure fluid applied to these organs.

The actual pressure cylinder contains a cylindrical closure piece 9, in which the following parts are arranged in the following order are: a seat ring 10 in the form of a hemispherical ball, a spherical rotatable plug 11, a sealing ring 12, a double-acting, the piston 13 sliding in a plug 14 provided with a nut 15. The tightness between these individual organs is through sealing rings, namely through the ring 16 for the piston 13 and the ring 16 a for the piston attachment 13 a and the Sealing ring 14 a for the plug 14 causes. The sealing ring 12 ensures the internal seal between the plug 11 and the Piston 13.

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The rotation of the spherical plug 11 is effected by a shaft 18 causes the leak-tight through the wall of the cylindrical VerscWußstückes 9 is passed and from the outside either by hand by means of a handle 19 or other means or by a Auxiliary drive device - 'this does not belong to the invention - actuated will.

The plug 14, the double-acting piston 13, the sealing ring 12, the plug 11 and the seat ring 10 as well as the ground Bottom 45 of the closure piece 9 form passages, here with reference numerals in the order 20-23. In the leg 7 b of the U-shaped holder 8 is a passage 24 of the same cross-section as that of the passage 20 of the plug 14, arranged in alignment therewith. In the open position of the plug 11 (this is the position shown), the pressure chamber 1 is constantly connected to the external environment (outside air pressure).

Define in the pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device 2 at one end of the plug 14 and an end face 13 b of the piston 13 a pressure chamber 25, which is used to close the shut-off device serves ι at the other end of the shut-off device delimit the other end face 13 c of the piston 13 and the bottom of the cylindrical Closure piece 9 has a pressure chamber 26 which is used to open the shut-off device. The closing pressure chamber 25 is with a hydraulic fluid line 28 connected by channels 29, 30, one in the leg 7 b of the U-shaped holder and the other is arranged in the plug 14; these channels are

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menbau the shut-off device 2 in alignment with each other has been arranged. The pressure chamber 26 used for opening is connected to another pressure fluid line 27 through channels 31, 32 connected, one of which is arranged in the bottom of the closure piece 9 and the other in the first end 5 of the pressure chamber; also this Channels 31,32 are just like the aforementioned channels 29,30 when assembling the shut-off device 2 and with the help of locking devices known per se (these are not shown) in aligned Been linked to each other.

The pressure booster 3, which is arranged at the second end 6 of the pressure chamber 1, contains two coaxially arranged one behind the other Cylinder 35, 36, namely a high pressure and a low pressure cylinder, in which a stepped piston 37 slides, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the cylinder.

In the illustrated embodiment, the high pressure cylinder 36 arranged in the end 6 of the pressure chamber 1 and connected to it through an opening 50. The low pressure cylinder 35 is removable set up and clamped between the flanges 38, 38 a of a lantern 39 attached to the other end 6.

The low-pressure cylinder 35 is connected via channels 40 and 41 to a pressure fluid line 28 a, which has a pressure regulator 42 of contains an adjustable response value, the task of which is explained below.

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The hydraulic fluid lines 28 and 28 a are connected together to a main hydraulic fluid line 43. The hydraulic fluid line 27 is separately connected to this main hydraulic fluid line (this connection is not shown). The cylinder 35 is closed on its underside by a threaded cover 47 onto which a nut 48 is screwed is.

The pressure fluid source and the control devices the hydraulic fluid line are not part of the invention.

Before now the operation of the shut-off device according to the invention is described, it should be noted that the pressure cylinder operated Shut-off device 2 is interchangeable for the sake of good maintenance, thanks to its releasable fastening between the legs 7 a, 7 b of the U-shaped holder 8. Furthermore, a from the start leak-tight fastening of the shut-off device on the pressure chamber 1 by pressing the plug 14 onto the leg 7 b by means of the nut 15 screwed onto an external thread of this plug. This makes the ground floor 45 strong pressed against the end face 46 of the first end 5. At this very moment, channels 29 and 30 or 31 and 32 become placed in alignment so that they continuously merge into one another, and the sealing of the shut-off device 2 on the pressure chamber 1, which is leak-free from the start, is achieved. As can also be seen, this is The plug 11 is freely movable between the piston 13 and the seat ring 10, so that it is not loaded by the rotation of the plug 11.

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can be damaged. Furthermore, a seal that is leak-free from the start is created in the pressure booster 3 by pressing the cover 47 against the Flange 38 a of the lantern 39 reached by means of the nut 48-

The operation of the shut-off device described above is as follows:

1. The workpiece to be treated (not shown) is introduced into the pressure chamber 1;

2. the spherical plug 11 is in the against the outside air pressure locked position rotated;

3. the pressure ρ of the hydraulic fluid line 28 is determined by the Channels 29 and 30 given into the pressure chamber 25 serving to close the shut-off device, so that the pressure ρ acts on the piston 13 and this an Aripreßkraft on the spherical chick 11 and thus also exerts on the seat ring 10, *

4. When the plug 11 is pressed onto the seat ring 10, the passage of the pressure fluid is zero, and the pressure ρ of this Pressure fluid rises to the value to which the pressure regulator 42 is set, and this pressure regulator opens an inner (not shown) valve, which the pressure fluid from the pressure ρ in the line 28 a to the pressure booster 3 there;

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5. The pressure ρ passes under the piston 37 a of the low-pressure cylinder 35, and due to the ratio of the diameters of the two cylinders 35 and 36, the high pressure piston is reinforced 37 b increases the pressure ρ to a higher pressure ρ in the

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Pressure chamber 1.

In this pressure state, the chamber 1 remains tight because the open

the seat ring 10 acting pressure force greater than that of the pressure ρ

is the force acting on the chick 11 and which the chick wants to lift off. It is namely the product F of the pressure ρ and the surface S of the piston 13 is calculated so that it remains greater than the product F of the pressure ρ and the area acting in the lifting sense

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before S on the chick (this is the same as the cross-section of the canal in the Sifzring 10), so that the relationship between the closing force and the The lift-off force remains in the ratio F: F.

When the pressure ρ reaches the set value, a stops the pressure regulator 42 acting pressure signal to the hydraulic fluid flow in the hydraulic fluid line 28 a, so that the pressure ρ over the sustained over time.

If the time during which the pressure ρ is to be applied, is finished. then the main pressure fluid line 43 is through a (not shown) valve opened to a drain, so that gradually the pressure ρ 'and, in parallel, the pressure ρ' drops to zero. At the same time, the amount of liquid in the pressure chamber 1 is relaxed and the piston 37 of the pressure booster 3 is in its Returned to the starting position.

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If the pressure ρ is zero, then the contact force F is still has not become completely zero, namely because of the molecular adhesive force between the plug 11 and the seat ring 10. Thus this residual force disappears, a quantity of liquid is released from the pressure ρ through the channels 29, 31, 32 into the pressure chamber used for opening 26 given so that the piston 13 is raised and the seat ring 10 is free from any load.

At this moment the plug 11 can be moved by means of the shaft 18 be turned into its open position (this is the position shown), and the space of the pressure chamber 1 is decreased to the outside air pressure. With the removal of the one in the pressure chamber Workpiece is the cycle of action of the device according to the invention completed.

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Claims (10)

-42 - Claims Ij device for rapid shut-off and pressurization a pressure chamber having a shut-off device attached to a first end of the pressure chamber, further a Pressure intensifier which is connected to the other end of the pressure chamber, and means for this shut-off device and this pressure intensifier pressurized, characterized in that it contains: a) a device for rapid shut-off, consisting of a pressure cylinder «actuated shut-off device (20), which between the two legs (7a, 7b) of a U-shaped holder (8) attached to the pressure chamber (1) is inserted, b) a seat ring (1O) on the first end (5) of the pressure chamber (l) is pressed on by a pressure cylinder (9) with pressure piston (13), which is operated by the pressurizing means is acted upon, c) an axial lantern (39) in the bottom of the second end (6) of the Pressure chamber (l) and with the pressure booster (3) which is acted upon by the pressurizing means. 409829/0994 240-539 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure cylinder (9) with pressure piston (13) has a cylindrical closure piece (9) with a ground bottom (45) which is connected to the Druckkam mer ( 1 ), and an adjustable stopper (14) which ensures the tightness of the pressure chamber (l) from the start and is arranged opposite the bottom (45) and is provided with a channel (31) which is connected to a channel (32) in the adjacent Leg (7a) of the U-shaped holder (8) is arranged. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure cylinder-operated shut-off device (2) is a rotatable spherical plug (ll), which in the cylindrical closure piece (9) between a double-acting piston (13), which also slides in the adjustable stopper (left) and the seat ring (10), which is arranged in the ground bottom (45), included is. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the plug (11) is rotated by a shaft (18) which is passed leak-tight through the wall of the cylindrical closure piece ( 9) and is accessible from the outside. 5. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that that the adjustable stopper (14) and an end face (13 b) of the piston (13) one for closing the shut-off device 409829/0994 delimiting serving pressure chamber (25), which is connected directly to a hydraulic fluid line (28) is connected in such a way that the hydraulic fluid presses the plug (ll) onto the seat ring (lO). . 6. Device according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that that the bottom (45) of the cylindrical closure piece (9) and another end face (13c) of the piston (13) one for opening the shut-off device serving pressure chamber (26) delimit, which is directly connected to another pressure fluid line (27) is that the hydraulic fluid clears the shut-off device (2) from the seat ring (10) takes off. 7th Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Pressure booster (3) is removable and two coaxially one behind the other arranged cylinder (35, 36), namely one with the pressure chamber (l) connected high pressure cylinder (36) and one to the Means for pressurizing connected low pressure cylinders (35), and a piston (37) with two stages (37a, 37b), their Diameter correspond to the cylinder diameter. 8, device according to claim 7, characterized in that the Pressure booster (3rd) has an adjustable bottom cover (47) ^ which closes the low pressure cylinder (35) and the tightness this cylinder causes. 4Q98 29/09 94 - 46 - 9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for pressurizing hydraulic fluid lines (27,
28, 28 a, 43) and a pressure regulator (42) which is switched on in the line (28a) of the low-pressure cylinder (35). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure regulator (42) the liquid pressure in the low pressure cylinder (35) holds at a set value. 409829/0994