DE2448418A1 - METHOD OF ELIMINATING HARMFUL SUBSTANCES AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents

Description

Process for the elimination of harmful substances and device for carrying out the process.

The invention relates to a method and devices for performing the method that suppresses harmful Ensures substances and enables the elimination of at least most of the contaminating elements due to their toxicity, smell or opacity are harmful and in the gaseous or Liquid excretions are included, which are emitted by plants for the production of mineral fiber mats, as well such as reducing the noise emitted by these systems,

The invention relates to systems for the production of mats or panels made of mineral fibers, in particular made of glass, which are bound by thermosetting or thermoplastic binders, which are rigid connections in the finished product form between the fibers.

The binders commonly used in this production are based on pure or modified phenolic or amino .ast resins, as they are used for the production of bonded

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Fiber products have advantageous properties. They are thermosetting, soluble or emulsifiable in water, they stick Fibers are good and their cost is relatively low. In general, these binders are dissolved or dispersed in water is used, to which certain ingredients are added to form the impregnating agent that atomizes on the fibers will.

Under the action of the heat generated during the manufacturing process exposed, these impregnants emit volatile toxic elements with a sharp, even when very sharp perceptible odor in low concentrations, such as phenol, formol, urea, ammonia, as well as decomposition products organic materials.

Other binders are used for certain applications because of their very low cost. Certain extracts more natural Products are hardened by crosslinking, like linseed oil after oxidation. Others are thermoplastic such as bitumen. During the fiber impregnation process, all of them are at least partially brought to a temperature which is sufficient to. fleeting, to release harmful substances because of their odor, among other things.

In the course of the description, the name binders any binder or all of the abovementioned binder products, which are in liquid, dissolved or suspended form in water or another liquid or emulsified can be used.

The invention relates to the part of the plants for manufacturing of bonded fiber materials, which is referred to as the receiving part, immediately after the fiber production device and in which mainly the following operations are carried out:

transporting the fibers from the fiber making device to the mat making device;

Impregnation of the fibers by means of a binder, which generally carries contaminants with it;

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the formation of the mat on the receiving organ, which in general is formed by a perforated tape; the cooling of the fibers and drawing or guiding fluids in general by air induced by them; the separation of the fibers and the fluids (the drawing or guiding fluids, and the air introduced by them) by sucking these fluids across the production line Mat;

the derivation of all elements not retained by the fiber mat from the system.

Large quantities of gaseous fluids are released during the uptake and water in contact with the binder containing the contaminating elements and are in one operation dirty, of all known processes for the production of mats or panels from bound by a binding agent Fibers is common and will now be described.

a) The contamination of the gaseous precipitations takes place according to the following process:

The binder is in the stream, which is formed by fibers and fluids and comes from the fiber-making device, sprayed in the form of clouds of fine droplets. Part of this binder is caught by the fibers, and part of it is deposited on the walls of the plant, and a further part is found in the exhaust gases in the form of fine drops and in the form of steam.

There are thus two types of contamination of the fluids, namely on the one hand by blowing the binder and on the other hand by vapors from the binder. The atomizing and spraying devices of the binder that are used emit particles or droplets in a very wide range of diameters. The finest drops are not caught by the fibers and are carried across the mat being manufactured by the fluid stream in which they remain suspended.

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Those that are deposited on the fibers during the impregnation process Binder drops are the kinetic effects of the Subjected to fluid flow traversing the mat during manufacture. A significant amount of the drop will be the Fibers torn away, migrates through the mat, and is found suspended in the diverted fluids.

Ultimately, the desire compels a homogeneous distribution of the binder in the mat, to spray the binder into the fiber and fluid stream in a zone, which is close to the fiber production device, where this stream has a geometrically well-defined shape, but where its temperature may be sufficient to remove some of the binder or at least its most volatile Elements, to evaporate. These polluting vapors mix with the fluids and pollute them.

In the course of the description, "exhaust gases" are used to denote the gaseous precipitations that permeate the fiber mat and be derived from the take-off device, i.e. the entirety of the drawing or guiding fluids induced by them Fluids and the contaminating elements in the form of drops or steam suspended in these fluids.

b) The functions that the water fulfills in a receiving device make significant contamination inevitable.

In fact, the water is used to: The binder, when used in liquid form dilute and further promote it;

to scrub the exhaust gases, this operation consisting in: causing as much of the pollutant as possible Substances that are contained in the exhaust gases in the form of drops or steam, is caught by the water droplets and that thus the polluting batch of the exhaust gases is carried over to the wash water;

between the walls of the receiving device in the exhaust gases capture and retrieve suspended fibers;

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the different parts of the receiving system (perforated belt, Exhaust pipes ...) to wash in such a way that the binder and the fibers that are deposited there are drained away.

During these processes, the wash water becomes with soluble, insoluble, or in vapor form binder components loaded and its concentration of polluting elements can reach high values.

The following description of the pollution processes of the exhaust gases and the water is based on the assessment of measurements and observations made on manufacturing facilities.

The description is provided for informational purposes; Further explanations could follow, but without the procedure to be included according to the invention.

In all systems for the production of bonded fiber products, regardless of the fiber production process used The above-described impurity process applies to plants of the excretions considerable amounts of excretions.

In the case of systems equipped with devices for drawing the fibers through bubbles, in which the material to be drawn out Material is converted into fibers by the action of high energy rays that have been released into the atmosphere Exhaust gas quantities for the best-known processes are of the following order of magnitude:

per K

written procedures;

per kilo

2,489,243};
70 Nm ³ per kilo of fibers for the SüPERTEL process (FR-PS

1,124,489);

For large production plants this leads to throughput rates of 500,000 to 1,000,000 NM ³ / hour.

100 Nm ³ per kilo of fibers for the in US-PS ^{2,133,236 be-300 Nm 3} per kilo of fibers for the AEROCOR process (US-PS

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In systems equipped with fiber drawing devices, in which the material to be drawn out is converted into fibers under the action of mechanical forces, e.g. by centrifuges, and in which a gas flow is only used to feed the fibers produced generally in a substantially horizontal direction To promote a take-off device, the amount of exhaust gas emitted is somewhat lower, but still very considerable and is, for example, 30 Nm per kilo of fibers for the process described in US Pat. No. 2,577,431, which results in a throughput of about 300,000 to 400,000 Nm for a production plant ³ / hour leads.

The amounts of contaminated water are essentially the same for all processes and are about 1,000 m / h. ' and more for large industrial plants.

The size of these amounts of contaminated excretions has led the legislature to first increase the concentration on phenolic components of the excretions released into the atmosphere to limit and then in certain countries at least every release of polluting substances prohibit.

In addition, the restrictions in various countries affect the smells or the opacity of the emitted Excretions.

The plants for the production of bonded fiber products are also polluting insofar as they are toxic in addition to the Products or the considerable amounts of water vapor of around 20 to 30 tons per hour, which have a pungent odor in large systems, which emerges from the chimneys in very opaque clouds of steam.

Noise is another harmful factor generated by the facilities used to manufacture bonded fiber products

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will. In these systems, the noise is mainly from emitted two sound sources, the fiber manufacturing device and the fan to discharge the exhaust gases.

All of the f as erection devices arranged in these systems use, be it for the conversion of the one to be drawn Material in fibers, be it to guide the fibers produced, fluid jets of high velocity. It is known, that the level of sound power emitted by these rays is delivered. at the rate of which increases significantly. This level can be 100 decibels near the fiber manufacturing facility exceed where workers are forced to work. This level is higher than that of that Legally approved levels.

In addition, the sound power emitted by the fan for emitting the exhaust gases is increased along the connection lines transfer the chimney to the discharge of the exhaust gases. This is outside of buildings, acts like an antenna and radiates this sound power in the surrounding medium. The annoyance that this results in for the environment has in led certain countries to shut down certain plants.

The need to reduce or eliminate the pollution generated, and at a sufficiently low cost, in order not to influence the manufacturing price of the finished product too much, is imperative. Lots of work was done too carried out for this purpose and certain solutions have been realized.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that that the exhaust gases (the entirety of the drawing or guiding fluids, discharged from the fiber yeast positioning device, the fluids induced by them, and the contaminants Elements that they carry), are partially circulated in such a way that they are repeated several times through the in perform the production mat that the

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most of that from the fluids coming from the fiberising device are released, and the extracted material is transferred to the heat given off to water that this Water is cooled so that the exhaust gases are washed with water after they have passed through the mat and the receiving member have to transfer some of the polluting products contained in the exhaust gases to the water that the Not recirculated part of the exhaust gas is cleaned before it is discharged to the atmosphere, that at least a part of the washing water, of which a certain amount has been subjected to treatment, is circulated to give it at least one to remove a considerable part of the contaminating products and that the solid waste products of a cleaning treatment be subjected.

According to a particularly important feature of the invention, the amount of exhaust gas released into the atmosphere is essentially the same the amount of fluids dispensed from the puller.

The invention provides in particular to circulate the majority of the exhaust gases in the system and only a small part treat and derive from it. The recirculated portion can reach at least 95% of the total amount of exhaust gas that is customary released into the atmosphere. The amount of exhaust gas to be cleaned before delivery can therefore be less than 5% of the Total amount, which makes it possible to use an expensive cleaning process without cumbersome energy consumption However, effectiveness is perfect, such as burning off.

The invention also aims to make the thermosetting resins contained in the water insoluble. According to the invention, this insolubilization is carried out by a thermal treatment, preferably at one temperature above 100 ° C and advantageously between about 150 and 2 40 ° C reached. This thermal treatment can be advantageous take place under pressure.

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Applying this insolubilization method to at least a portion of the cooling and washing water becomes advantageous performed to insolubilize the dissolved binder components it contains to them thereafter by known techniques to extract and concentrate the washing and cooling water on contaminating elements on one with the continuous reuse to keep this water in the system at a tolerable level. The washing water runs in a closed Circle around and any release of contaminating "substances to the outside is eliminated by its interposition.

The invention also provides for a thermal treatment to which the washing water is subjected and which consists in to vaporize it and to bring this vapor to a temperature sufficient to remove the contaminating elements converted into non-polluting elements.

Furthermore, the invention provides insulating devices that adapt to the particular shapes of the conveying and guiding devices the recirculated exhaust gases are adapted to reduce the noise emitted by the fiber-making equipment, and a special design of the device for discharging non-circulated exhaust gases to the atmosphere, the reduces the noise generated by this in the surrounding medium.

The invention is explained below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 14, for example. It shows:

Figure 1 shows a recording of the type in which the invention relates relates,

FIG. 2 shows a part of the system of the type shown in FIG. 1, in which, however, the walls which form the receiving chamber limit up to the fiber production device are extended,

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Figure 3 shows a receiving system according to the invention,

Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of the system according to the invention,

Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the washing chamber,

FIG. 6 shows the course of the degree of effectiveness of the treatment for insolubilization as a function of the temperatures and the time of treatment,

FIG. 7 shows an apparatus for carrying out the method for treating the water by heating it below Pressure envisaged by the invention,

FIG. 8 shows a device for continuous operation for the treatment of the water,

Figure 9 shows an apparatus for the thermal treatment of the solid waste products produced by the invention is provided,

FIG. 10 shows a device for a further treatment process for solid waste products,

FIG. 11 shows a complete recording of the situation, which is used for production of fiberglass panels is used and is designed according to the invention,

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the invention which is suitable for a further Glass fiber manufacturing process is suitable,

Figure 13 shows a further embodiment of the invention, which for a method for producing mineral fibers by blowing is suitable, and

FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of the invention which is suitable for a method for the production of mineral fibers, in particular from slag, is suitable.

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Fig. 1 shows a recording system of known type on which the Invention, can be applied. This plant has:

Apparatus 11 for the manufacture of fibers which is of a known type and commonly used in manufacturing plants is used by agglomerated fiberboard and in which the material to be extracted is subjected to the action of a centrifugal force or subjected to an aerodynamic force or a combination of both is. The aerodynamic force is applied to the pulling out Material or the fibers applied by means of jets of generally high temperature and high speed. the The fibers produced leave the device 11 dispersed in a stream 12 of generally in the gaseous state Fluids formed by the high energy rays and the fluids they induce from the surrounding medium and which surrounds the fibers and conducts them in current form with sufficiently limited contours to the receiving organ.

An impregnation zone, which is on the web of the fiber and Fluid flow between the fiber production device 11 and the receiving member and in the spray nozzles 13 the Direct the binder in the form of a cloud of fine droplets onto the flow of fibers and fluid. A significant proportion of this Drops hit the fibers and adhere to them, while the rest is suspended in the one accompanying the fibers Gas, be it in the form of drops or steam.

A device 14 for distributing the fibers present on the web 12 of fibers and gases, whether between the manufacturing device 11 and the impregnation zone or between the Impregnation zone and the receiving organ lies like this Fig. 1 shows, and which makes it possible by giving the fiber and gas flow an oscillatory motion or de-. formed to distribute the fibers on the receiving member in such a way that they form a mat, their weight per surface unit is substantially uniform.

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A receiving member 15, which consists of an endless, perforated Tape on which the fibers are deposited to form the mat.

A container 16 placed under the perforated belt in the zone where the fibers are deposited or the Mat production zone, and in which a negative pressure generated by a fan 19 all gases that the fibers on its path between the manufacturing device 11 and the perforated belt 15, which forces in the manufacture to traverse the mass located in such a way that no fluid in the gaseous state together with the fibers from the mat-making zone is taken.

Vertical walls 21 extending from the perforated tape 15 extend up to close to the fiber production device 11 and delimit the mat making zone so as to form an enclosed space 22 which contains the fiber and Gas flow surrounds and is open at its upper part near the fiber production device and usually with Hood or receiving chamber is referred to.

A fan 19, the purpose of which is to ensure in the container 16 a sufficient negative pressure to all Gases that accompany the fibers when they are deposited on the receiving organ, forcing them into production to traverse the mat located, and which withdraws the exhaust gases via the chimney 5 to the atmosphere.

It has already been mentioned that the amount of exhaust gas to be discharged from a receiving device of the type described is considerable was. In the case of fiber production devices with which these systems are equipped, the fibers are drawn out material to be processed or its guidance or the guidance of the fibers by fluid ejectors is a very large one Have throughput and speed.

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This speed, which is generally greater than about 100 m per second, is greater than the speed that the fibers and the gases that accompany them form a proper mat when they arrive at the receiving organ must have, and which generally do not exceed about 10 m per second. It is necessary that from the Fiber manufacturing device emitted rays considerably to slow down. This is done by transmitting a Part of the movement of these rays affects the fluid in which they are emanate that they induce and that they emanate in their own Accelerate flow direction and with which they mix. This mixture of rays emitted by the fiber manufacturing device are released and the induced fluid is what form the gas flow accompanying the fibers.

The induction of the surrounding fluid by the rays emitted from the Faserherstellüngs device is a bekannte'Erscheinung and each in free air or in an enclosed cavities, containing a fluid, the beam ¹ ausströmen- own. Fluid mechanics teaches that such a jet induces significant amounts of surrounding fluid, and that these amounts of induced fluid increase as the flow rate of the jet and the length of its path in the. surrounding fluid increases. Although the phenomenon of induction is a progressive one, the decrease in velocity of the inducing jet is only important after it has traveled a sufficient distance in the surrounding fluid.

In the case of systems of the type described above on the receiving organ a velocity of arrival of the flow of fibers and their accompanying gases equal to that indicated above Large (on the order of or less than about 10 m per second) is the length of this stream traversed path from the fiber horsteliungs ^ device Il to take on ÖSrgan 15 generally greater than two or three meters, and the fluids going

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control device 11 emitted beams over this length have induced and which pass through the receiving organ 15, are at least equal to 10 or 20 times the amount of fluid that the jets form and from the fiber making device 11 should be submitted.

Besides the slowdown that the flow of fibers and the it must be subjected to accompanying gases, it is necessary for the production of the mat under good conditions, that the flow directions of the fibers and the gases are parallel and run in the general direction of the fiber-making device-receiving member.

For ease of understanding, portions of the stream 12 of the fibers and their accompanying gases emitted by straight cuts that run perpendicular to the direction of flow are limited and marked in the drawings with M, N, 0, P, ... are designated, considered.

In the following it is assumed that in each section bounded by the straight cuts M and N, for example, the Current maintains one direction and is subject to a precisely defined drop in speed.

These two factors, the direction and the drop in speed, have the desired properties in each section, if the current can induce the entire necessary amount of fluid at the circumference of the section, which " the product of the mass of the fluid that forms the flow when entering the straight section M, due to the relative decrease in velocity ,, to which the current is subject when traversing the section M N under consideration is proportional.

This relative drop in speed is equal to the difference between the speed of the stream when entering the straight section M and the speed of the stream, which leaves the straight section N, based on this latter speed.

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If for all stream sections between the fiber manufacturing apparatus and the surrounding fluid to the receiving member can supply each of these with the amount of fluid necessary is so that the direction and the demand of the stream have the desired properties, a flow of the surrounding induced fluid is formed along the flow of the Fibers and their accompanying gases in the direction of Herste 1 treatment device - receiving organ. This stream is in 1 represented by the flow lines 27.

In the case of acceptance systems of the type shown in FIG fluid induced by stream 12 from the atmospheric Air that enters the chamber 22 through the opening 28 large, ßer dimensions that in the chamber 22 in a zone close of the fiber production device 11 is formed.

Fig. 2 shows the flow course of the fluids in a removal chamber, when the surrounding medium does not feed all of the fluids to the jets emitted by the puller that they can induce. This course is given as a reference to facilitate the explanation.

Fig. 2 shows part of a recording on location, the one Has fiber production device 11, from which a fiber and gas flow 12 emerges, an impregnation device 13, a fiber distribution device 14, a receiving member 15, and a vacuum tank 16 into which the exhaust gases 29 exit, after they have traversed the mat 2 3 being manufactured. All of these elements are similar to those of Fig. same. In Fig. 2, however, are the walls 21, which the receiving chamber 22 limit up to the fiber production device 11 extended so that they the opening 28 considerably decrease that connects the chamber 22 with the atmosphere, and thus the amount of atmospheric air, which enters this chamber.

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If in any section of the stream 12 and in particular e.g. in the sections M and N which are in a zone are close to the fiber production device 11, i.e. close to the exit openings of the guide or drawing beams of the to Fibers to be processed material, or the fiber guide beams, and thus there, v / o the speed of these beams is greatest, the surrounding medium, the stream 12 of fibers and their accompanying gases, not all of the fluid can supply that the current can induce, it is the sections of the stream 12 that are below in the direction of flow lie, e.g. 0 and P, and in which the stream 12 has a slower speed, which provide the missing quantity.

The gas flows 30, which leave the lower zones of the flow in the flow direction, rise along the walls 21 again to the upper zones in the direction of flow with higher Speed and are captured by the current and accelerated again in its general direction of flow. This creates eddies 31 between the boundaries of the flow 12 and the walls 21 of the chamber. The intensity this vortex increases with the amount of fluid that the surrounding medium was unable to deliver. Their direction of rotation is such that the fibers, which they tear from the mat 2 3 being manufactured and carry along along the walls 21 of the Chamber to the distribution device 14, the impregnation device 13 or the fiber production device 11.

When you consider the amount of atmospheric air that is in the receiving chamber a device of the type described by FIGS. 1 and 2 is reduced to a value which is very much is less than the amount of air that the current can induce, the intensity of the vortices 31 may be sufficient that the fibers they take with them adhere to the fiber distribution and impregnation devices and their proper functioning disturb. These vortices also have the effect of

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to destroy the mat 2 3 being manufactured, as shown in FIG. 2.

The industrial exploitation of this type of equipment shows that the phenomenon of fiber re-rising, referred to as back pressure, can be permissible as long as the amount of air entering the chamber is not less than 60 or 10 % of the necessary amount. Operation below this size is no longer possible on an industrial scale.

Given the amount of atmospheric air that is in the Chamber enters, still want to reduce or completely suppress, the vortex formation in it is such that the fibers are no longer deposited on the receiving organ.

The invention has for its object to provide a method that makes it possible to reduce the amount of atmospheric Significantly reduce or even suppress air that enters the acceptance chamber, but the favorable one Maintain conditions for the manufacture of the mat.

This method consists in not using atmospheric air as the induced medium, but part of the air at the outlet to use the exhaust gases removed from the exhaust fan, i.e. in the removal chamber a part of the exhaust gases which this chamber run through, return or circulate continuously.

An apparatus which enables this method to be carried out is shown in FIG. The take-off chamber 22 is closed at its upper part by a cover 32 which has an opening through which the flow of fibers .12 and of the accompanying gas emitted from the fiber-making device 11 is released, penetrates into the chamber 22. The edges 33 of this opening are tangents to the stream and are profiled in such a way that they allow the passage of this Facilitate electricity.

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For convenience of use, the lid 32 can be at a distance H from the fiber manufacturing apparatus 11 be arranged.

The device of FIG. 3 has a washing chamber 17 which is located behind the vacuum container 16 in the direction of flow is arranged, has a generally larger cross-section than this, and is provided with devices in which the exhaust gases 29, i.e. the gases accompanying the fibers between the manufacturing device 11 and the receiving member 15 and the suspended impurities are brought into contact with a washing fluid, in particular water. In this Washing chamber 17, the exhaust gases are partially freed from the elements which they contain in suspension and which are essentially consist of the fibers and the binder that they carry with them when they enter the impregnation zone and those in the Cross the fiber mat in the production area. When the washing water comes into contact with it, those contained in the exhaust gases decrease Drops of water and therefore tend to be due to gravity on the bottom of the chamber 17 to deposit; this phenomenon is also caused by the sudden decrease in the speed of the exhaust gases as a result of the Change in the flow cross-section on its path from the container 16 to the chamber 17 accelerated. A part of Drops or the contaminating vapors are absorbed by the drops of the washing water and dissolved by the latter. These Both processes form the scrubbing process for the exhaust gases. The water, which has been used for washing and to which at least a portion of the polluting exhaust gas charge has been transferred derived through the opening 2 4.

This device also has a separating system 18 of the cyclone or electrostatic separator type on, which is arranged between the washing chamber 17 and the fan 19 and in which the exhaust gases at least partially from the droplets of water that they took with them during the washing process and those before entry are freed to eliminate in the fan 19 is important. That from the

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Washing water obtained from exhaust gases in liquid form is discharged from the separation system through opening 25.

A collector 26 conducts the discharged through the openings 24 and 25 Wash water to the treatment zone.

The fiber and gas stream traverses the impregnation zone 13 and then the fiber distribution device 14. The fibers are deposited on the receiving element 15 and the exhaust gases 29 traverse the fiber mat 23 being manufactured, the container 16, the washing chamber 17, the water separator 18 ^ and are pumped back into the pipe 34 by the fan 19. Some of these exhaust gases are discharged from the system via the opening 35. The other part is through the Pipe 34 passed to the receiving chamber 22, into which it penetrates through an opening 36 which is formed in a zone which is close to the fiber production device 11. The amount of entering the collection chamber through port 33 Gas is equal to the sum of the menae of the gas discharged from the fiber manufacturing device 11 and the Amount of air 27, which is induced by this on the web with the length H in free air. The amount of in the chamber entering gas therefore increases with the length H.

In order for the system to be in equilibrium, it is necessary that the amount of the drained from the system through the outlet port 35 is Exhaust gases is equal to the amount of gas that enters the system through opening 33. The amount of to be derived Exhaust gases therefore decrease as the distance H decreases.

Fig. 4 shows a particular embodiment of the invention, in which the distance H is zero, i.e. in which the fiber production device 11 or at least the outlet openings of the drawing or guide beams lie in the chamber 22. The amount of exhaust gases to be discharged from the system is substantially equal to the amount of fluids dispensed from the manufacturing device 11.

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The proportion of the exhaust gases that are circulated can therefore reach values of at least 96 to 97% in this embodiment.

In the systems shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 according to the invention the circulated quantities correspond to those quantities which the rays emanating from the device 11 can induce, the flow of fluids in the chamber 22 generally in the direction of flow of the pull jet runs in the absence of disturbing eddies. The circulated exhaust gases essentially follow the flow lines 37.

One of the advantages of the invention is due to the fact that the streams 37 are circulated by the fan 19 Can give exhaust gases a velocity slightly greater than that of the flows 27 of the atmospheric Is air which the fiber and gas flow induces in the plants of the type shown in FIG thus sufficient energy to counteract a possible backlog of fibers.

One of the most important advantages of the method according to the invention is that the amount of from the system Discharged exhaust gases can be only 3 to 4% of the amounts that are usually discharged and their magnitude previously indicated and that it is possible to use such a small amount of exhaust gas from an expensive but effective purification treatment to undergo.

The invention provides for the exhaust gases diverted through the opening 35 to be treated by burning them off; This process consists in bringing the exhaust gases to a temperature higher than 600 C, above which the impurities in the exhaust gases, in particular the phenolic compounds, are converted into non-polluting elements such as CO ₀ and H ₀ O by combustion

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will. This treatment also has the advantage of eliminating the odors. Burning off takes place in the device 38 of known type consisting of a combustion chamber 39, a burner 40 which supplies a combustible mixture and a known flame stabilizer 41 is made. The treatment temperature can be in the presence of a combustion catalyst can be reduced to a size between 300 and 400 C.

The cleaned exhaust gases are discharged through the chimney 42 to the atmosphere. At the exit of the chimney 42, the temperature is the Exhaust gases are sufficiently high and, due to the circulation, their throughput is sufficiently low, so that condensation the water vapor contained in these gases does not takes place before the exhaust gases are completely diluted in the atmosphere. No opaque cloud of smoke appears at the exit of the chimney 42..

Another advantage of the invention is that it, as the exhaust gases are circulated or a total cleaning treatment it is not necessary to subject it to a previous complete washing process, so that the Dimensions and investments of the washing and water separation devices 17 and 18, which are in the direction of flow the exhaust fan 19 are arranged, can be reduced.

The systems according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 have a receiving chamber 22 which contains the impregnation and surrounds fiber distribution devices and makes them difficult to access. During operation one can be forced be to act on the impregnation device 13 or the fiber distribution device 14, and therefore viewing windows which are arranged in the walls of the chamber in a zone near the fiber manufacturing device 11.

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If you want to avoid that during these processes circulated and therefore not completely cleaned exhaust gases leave the chamber 22, it is necessary that the pressure in this is equal to atmospheric pressure or by a few millimeters of water (1 to 2 mm WS) lower.

This also makes it possible, when the viewing windows are closed, to avoid any unwanted escape due to sealing defects. The pressure in the chamber 22 is increased regulate the desired value by adjusting the negative pressure generated in the container 16 by the fan 19 at the in Fig. 3 adjusts the embodiment shown.

Another method is the amount of exhaust gases to be discharged not on the circulation pipe 34, but directly in the chamber 22 through an opening 43 which is formed in the wall of the chamber in the zone in which it is necessary is to keep the pressure at the desired value, as shown in FIG. The exhaust gases are grounded from the chamber 22 of a small auxiliary fan 44 and pulled through the pipe 35 derived. The fan 19 now only ensures the circulation of the exhaust gases. This embodiment enables a more precise definition of the zone with reduced pressure or the pressure zero.

One of the features of the invention is that the flow rate of the binder atomized by the nozzles 13 can be measured depending on the amount of the constituents of the binder can adjust that in the recirculated exhaust gases is suspended and which is deposited on the fiber mat as the exhaust gases pass through it.

The circulation causes the exhaust gases to make repeated and very frequent passages through the one being manufactured Carry out fiber mat and, although the trapping effect of this mat is low, because the velocities of the exhaust gases that they traverse, are low, is the number of consecutive

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subsequent passes (about 15 per minute) in such a way that one Amount of the constituents of the binder that is suspended in the exhaust gases, which is not negligible in the Mat is held. This makes it possible to control the amount of the binder atomized by the impregnation device 13 the more to reduce and to increase the efficiency of the binder by about 5%, which is economical does not represent a negligible advantage.

In a system like the one shown in Fig. 1, it is necessary to a certain temperature is maintained in the taking chamber 22 and therefore to dissipate the heat supplied by the material to be drawn and the drawing or guide fluids. Since the material used to impregnate the fibers is thermosetting, it is subject to action the heat of a continuous development which it progresses from the liquid state to which it atomizes is brought into the solid state. If the temperature of the chamber 22 is excessive, the binder may during reach a stage of development in the manufacture of the mat, who is sufficiently advanced to be able to bind of the fibers to deteriorate. This phenomenon is called "Pregelation" is referred to and it is avoided by cooling the take-off chamber 22.

In the system shown in FIG. 1, this cooling takes place by means of induced atmospheric air, which is generally has a temperature which is lower than the maximum desired temperature in the chamber 22. The one from that heat quantities to be drawn and the drawing and guide fluids conducted into the chamber, which correspond to the fiber production process about 1,500 to 15,000 kcal per kg of material are induced by mixing on the Air and then transferred to the exhaust gases, which give off a small proportion of it to the washing water, if they come into contact with this and which divert the rest to the atmosphere.

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In the system shown in Figures 3 and 4, the small volume of exhaust gas discharged to the atmosphere eliminates only a very small amount of heat and another method must be used to the receiving chamber 22 to cool.

The invention provides such a method. It consists in at least part of the in the chamber 22 of the material to be drawn and the drawing or guide fluids introduced heat to a heat-dissipating fluid, in particular Water, to be transferred by taking the flow of the fibers and their accompanying gas or, respectively, the exhaust gases with brings this fluid into contact. This fluid, after it has absorbed the heat conducted into the chamber 22 derived from this and cooled by some suitable system outside the plant.

The heat exchange between the flow of fibers and the accompanying gas or the exhaust gases and the cooling water takes place either through direct contact between the fluids or via a heat-conducting wall separating them. It is known that in this type of transmission per Time unit exchanged amounts of heat the temperature difference between the fluid to be cooled and the cooling fluid and are proportional to the contact area.

The relatively high gas or exhaust gas velocities, taking into account the dimensions of the system, have the effect that the times available to carry out the heat exchange stand, are short. For sufficient cooling, therefore, the amount of heat exchanged per unit of time must be be great.

The invention provides a method and devices to achieve this purpose.

509819/02 7 6

One of these methods is to take the calories from the receiving chamber 22 derive, which are supplied by the material to be drawn and the drawing or guide fluids by the exhaust gases are cooled in the containers 16 and washing chambers 17, where the available volumes allow large contact surfaces to be realized between the exhaust gases and the cooling water. This large area of contact is different Species, be it by dispersing the water in the form of fine droplets, or by pouring it into Lets flow out in the form of a film of very small thickness, or be it by bubbling the exhaust gases through the water leaves.

In the device shown in FIG. 3, for example, atomizers emit cooling water in the form of tracks or curtains of fine droplets, the curtains running essentially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases 29. The exhaust gases which have passed through the fibrous mat being manufactured,: enter the container 16 with a temperature of about 80 to 100 ⁰ C and are cooled by contact with the water curtains to a temperature of about 30 ° C. The temperature of the water at the entrance of the atomizer 45 is about 15 to 20 ⁰ C according to the possibilities of the cooling devices. When it comes into contact with the exhaust gases, the cooling water heats up to a temperature of around 30 to 40 ° C, depending on the throughput of the atomizer

The recirculated portion of the cooled exhaust gas occurs after passage through the separator 18 and the fan into the receiving chamber 22, where it is mixed with the from The gases emitted from the fiber manufacturing device 11 cool this and the fibers in the same way as that atmospheric air in the device shown in FIG.

In Fig. 4, a further embodiment is shown in which the cooling water via partition walls 46 in the form of a film

509819/0276

very small thickness flows. The exhaust gas stream 29 flows along these partitions, brushes the water film and cools down at his touch.

In Fig. 5, a further embodiment is shown. at In this device, the exhaust gas flow 29 discharges through the opening 47 below the free surface of the in the container 48 contained amount of water, which is arranged in the direction of flow behind the vacuum tank 16, where he in this Quantity and in the extension of the opening 47 causes an intensive inflation, which generates gas bubbles, their liquid Walls form a large water-exhaust interface.

Another method consists in the removal chamber 22 of the material to be processed into fibers and the To derive the calories supplied to drawing or guide fluids by that the fiber and gas stream 12 is cooled directly by spraying water on it. The supply of water on the current thus takes place in a zone where the contact areas cannot be very large, since the Available space is small, but where the temperature difference between the fluid to be cooled and the cooling fluid is great.

Various types of implementation are envisaged. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, nebulizers direct 49, which are arranged between the fiber production device 11 and the impregnation device 13, a cloud fine drops of water against the stream to be cooled.

The droplets reach the gas and fiber stream in a zone where it has a high temperature
and are instantly vaporized.

this has a high temperature, which can reach up to 600 C,

Substantial amounts of heat of around 650 to 700 kcal per kilogram of evaporated water, necessary for the evaporation of the

5098 19/0276

Drops are necessary, are taken from the fiber and gas stream, which is therefore subject to very rapid cooling will keep its temperature at the level of the impregnation device 13 brings it to a size of about 100 to 120 ° C. The generated steam is traversed along with the exhaust gases the fiber mat 23 is diverted to the container 16 and the washing chambers 17, where on contact with the water curtains, given off by the atomizers 45, condenses and its stored heat is transferred to that given off by the atomizers 45 Transfers cooling water.

The arrangement of the device 49 for the supply of cooling water against the flow 12 between the fiber production device 11 and the impregnation device 13 forms a preferred one Formation of the invention. This training has specific features Advantages:

In this zone is the temperature difference between the to be cooled electricity and the water and thus the heat transfer the biggest.

Finally, the atomization of the binder onto a stream of fibers and gas, which are cooled, occurs at a sufficient rate low temperature (100 to 120 ° C), so that the decomposition of the binder due to loss of volatile elements is very limited or zero.

This results in an increase in the efficiency of the binder of about 5% and a consequent reduction in the pollution of the exhaust gases.

Another embodiment is shown in Fig. 4, in which the device 50 for spraying cooling water against the fiber and gas stream 12 between the impregnation devices 13 and the removal member 15 is arranged. As in the embodiment of Fig. 3, the cooling water traverses in shape of steam the mat being manufactured 23. This

50 98 19/0

Water condenses by transferring its heat to water films, which flow over the partition walls 46 of the washing chamber 17.

This water gets through openings 24 and 25, which are at the bottom the containers 16 and 17 and the water separator 18 arranged are derived from the attachment to a device 51, in which the water is freed from solid, suspended particles, in particular pastes.

The device 51 may be a known vibrating or rotating mesh filter, a decanter, or a centrifuge also be of a known type.

The water freed from the solid, suspended particles is collected in a container 52 and then due to the Gravity or by means of a pump 5 3 to a cooling station 54. The cooled Water drained from the system or reused.

The station 54 may consist of a cooling tower 106 of known type, in which the water is cooled when it comes into contact with air. However, if the washing water in the tower 106 is cooled directly there is a risk of air pollution from the most volatile elements in pollutants the washing water.

This risk is small because of the amount of contaminants released in this way from the tower 106 into the atmosphere is less than 5% of the amount removed from the chimney 35 of a non-circulated system such as that in FIG shown is delivered.

However, in order to avoid this risk, the invention provides for the washing water to be cooled in a heat exchanger 105, whose cooling flow medium is non-polluted water, which rotates in the cooling tower under the action of the pump 107.

5098 19/0276

One feature of the invention is; that no water in liquid form is released from the system in order to avoid the To pollute environment with impurities that the water contains.

This requires that the cooling and washing water in one closed Circle of the plant revolves.

In the systems shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the closed circuit that the cooling and washing water follows is following:

The water leaving the cooling station 54 is pumped 55 passed to the cooling devices 49 and / or 50, which are located in the chamber 22, and to the steam condensation and Exhaust gas scrubbing devices which are located in the chamber 17 and which have the atomizer 45 of FIG. 3 or the partition walls the water film 46 of FIG. 4 or also the container 48 of FIG. 5.

The wash water and condensed steam, laden with impurities, Fibers and binder components flow through openings 24 and 25 at the bottom of the wash chamber 17 and the water separator 18 are in a collector 26, which leads them to the filtering device 51, which is of the Wash water the solid, suspended waste products 56, Separates fibers and insoluble binder components.

These waste products are collected in a conveyor 57. The filtered washing water, which only contains impurities and dissolved binder components, is passed through the Gravity or by means of the pump 53 to the treatment station 54.

When the washing water circulates in the closed circuit, it is necessary to check the concentration of the filtered water Water dissolved or suspended components under one

5 0 9 8 1 9/0 2 7 6

keep certain size; this is about 3 to 4%, Calculated in the unit of mass of dry materials per unit of mass of water, above this size it is deposited Part of the material dissolved or suspended in the washing water (essentially microfibers or microparticles of the binder not captured by the filter device 51 and soluble binder components) on different parts of the plant. The binder is polymerized and forms viscous or rigid layers, which progressively the washing water outlet openings 45, 49 and 50 and the openings formed in the removal member 15 close for the passage of the exhaust gases 29. This results in a reduction in the amount derived from the hood Exhaust gases and the cooling of these exhaust gases, which leads to a standstill of the system after a short time.

In order to keep the concentration of the water in the materials carried under the desired value, it is necessary to use the Removing considerable amounts of material from washing water. A significant one A proportion of about 20 to 30% of the binder sprayed onto the fibers by the device 13 is found through the process already described in the wash water again. In large factories this leads to 3,000 to 5,000 kg of binder per day (calculated in dry materials) to be introduced into the closed circulation circuit of the washing water, and In order to keep the concentration at an equilibrium value, it is necessary to remove quantities of binding agent from the water, which are equal to the imported ones.

Several extraction methods are possible:

One of these methods is to treat at least part of the wash water in a centrifuge * the solid, suspended much smaller particles can separate from the water than the filter 51 can. That from the centrifuge 5 8 treated water can return to the container 52, as shown in FIG. 3, or, more advantageously, to the cooling device 49 are returned.

5G9819 / 027S

Another method is to treat the water by adding a flocculant and then the flocculated one To excrete material.

Both of these processes have the disadvantage that essentially the insoluble constituents which it contains are removed from the water. The dissolved binder which forms the ¹ most of the material will be excreted, or only slightly affected.

The invention provides several methods for extracting the binder dissolved in the wash water.

One method is to use the filtered or centrifuged wash water to remove the binder in the Manufacture of the against the fibers by the impregnation device 13 directional impregnations. The decrease in filtered water can take place at any Place the circle in the direction of flow behind the cooling station 54 or, more advantageously, behind the centrifuge 58 by means of the Valve 59 take place, as FIG. 3 shows.

Another method is to use the wash water as a To use cooling fluid of the fiber and gas stream 12 in the chamber 22. The washing water is then from the cooling device 49 of FIG. 3 or 50 of FIG. 4 directed against the flow 12.

Both of these methods have the advantage of being re-usable allow part of the binder contained in the wash water, and it is a feature of the invention, the amount of binder sprayed on by the impregnation device 13 as a function of the amount of binder to regulate which the mat 23 being manufactured is sprayed on from that of the devices 49 or 50 Retains water; this enables the impregnation efficiency to be improved, these processes

509819 / 027G

" ³² ". 2U8418

however, do not make it possible to obtain sufficient from the washing water Extract amounts of dissolved binder to keep the concentration of the water below the desired value keep. Therefore, the invention provides two methods which make it possible to extract significant amounts of dissolved solids To complete the binding agent from the water circulated in the closed circuit.

One such method is to use a small fraction of about 1 to 5% of the wash water flow rate in the To burn the circulation circuit in a suitable device 60. This is shown in Fig. 4, is of a known type and comprises:

a burner 61 operating with a combustible air-fuel mixture is supplied;

an injector-atomizer 62 into which the water to be treated passes through the line 6 3 and in the form of droplets under pressure in the flame of the burner 61 under the action of the atomizing air 6 4 is sprayed;

a reaction chamber 65 in which, under the action of the heat given off by the burner 61, the. Treatment of the wash water takes place. This consists in first of all evaporating the washing water and then bringing the generated steam as well as the binder components carried along by the water to a temperature of around 800 C, which enables _{the conversion of these polluting binder components into non-polluting elements such as CO and H 9 O.}

The non-polluting steam escapes through the chimney from the system at a high temperature and thus avoids the Formation of an opaque cloud of steam.

The point of intake of the water to be treated is generally located between the pump 53 and the cooling station 54, as FIG. 4 shows.

509819/0276

This method has the advantage that all contained binding, components extracted in the treated wash water and converted into non-polluting elements. It has the disadvantage that it requires a considerable amount of energy requires and is therefore very expensive. The Influence of Treatment Costs on the Price of Fiber Products Made can be reduced by using some of the heat of the high temperature steam in a heat exchanger recovers that overheated for various uses Generates steam.

Another method is to use a small fraction of about 1 to 5% of the throughput of the wash water that Dissolved binder entrains, subjecting the circulation in the circuit to a heat treatment in order to subject the binder insoluble and then separated from the water by any suitable separation method such as filtration, flocculation, centrifugation.

It has been found that if the water used for cooling and scrubbing the exhaust gases, then after the Filtration contains binder or dissolved binder components, at a certain temperature during a certain Time was kept, a proportion of the dissolved binder increasing with temperature and time into insoluble Particle is converted and therefore found suspended in the water and therefore easily separated from it can be.

The proportion of dissolved material made insoluble by the treatment characterizes the efficiency of the treatment.

The treatment temperature has a significant influence on the efficiency. For example, it has been found that for a water containing 1% dissolved binder components, the Treatment efficiency was as follows:

509819/0276

- 3k - 40% if the water was kept at 40 ° C for 8 days,
if di
became,

40% if the water is kept at 70 ° C for 3 days

40% if the water is ^{kept at 160 °} C. for 3 minutes

became,
60% if the water is kept at 180 ° C for 3 minutes

became,
95% if the water was kept at 240 ° C. for 3 minutes.

6 shows the course of the efficiency of the treatment as a function of the temperature and the treatment time.

In large factories for the production of bonded fibreboard, where the amount of water to be treated is 50 m / hour can achieve, it is necessary to avoid the arrangement of treatment plants of considerable dimensions that to determine the shortest treatment times and thus at high Working temperatures above 100 ° C. This leads to the treatment in an enclosed space under pressure at a Carry out temperature, which one to about 5 ° C below the Maintains the boiling temperature of the water at the pressure of the enclosed space, so that the water during the duration of the treatment remains in the liquid phase. This solution has the further advantage that it only requires a small amount of energy. which, apart from the losses, only corresponds to the increase in heat which the water needs to increase its temperature is fed.

With the same extracted amount of dissolved binder, this process is four times less expensive than the previous one described method by burning.

One of the common drawbacks of heating water in an enclosed space, even at low levels Concentration of binders or binder components contains dissolved, consists in that on the walls

509819/0276

of the enclosed space an insoluble binder deposit forms which very quickly reaches a thickness which is sufficient to the outlet openings of the enclosed space or the enclosed Clogging space itself.

It has been found that when the heat necessary for treatment is within the bulk of the treatment Water is released, and the wall of the enclosed space is at one temperature for the duration of the treatment below that of the mass of treated water, no deposit will be formed on the wall and the insolubilized binder remains suspended in the water. This leads to the water, be it through Mixing with hot fluids such as preferably superheated Water vapor or combustion gas from an immersed burner, whether by means of devices that generate the energy Concentrate in the bulk of the water like an electric arc, to heat it.

A wide range of operating conditions is possible, e.g. 6 to 40 bar for the absolute pressures, 160 to 240 ° C for the temperatures, 3 to 10 minutes for the duration of the hands lung. '

The following conditions are a compromise between the energy costs and the maintenance costs of the system:

Temperature: 200 ° C

Pressure: 16 bar absolute

Duration: 5 minutes

Efficiency: 70 to 80%

This treatment process can be carried out in a Device with discontinuous operation or take place in a device with continuous operation.

5098 19 / 027b

2448A18

Fig. 7 shows a discontinuous operation apparatus for carrying out this treatment process. The water to be treated is introduced into the enclosed space 68 by means of the motor-operated valve 67. the The amount of water introduced or the charge represents 70 to 80% of the capacity of this enclosed space heating fluid, preferably superheated steam, then enters the enclosed space through nozzle 69, whose outlet opening is submerged. The amount of steam is regulated by the motor-driven valve 70, which is operated by the controller 71 is controlled.

The treatment cycle is as follows: The enclosed space 6 8 contains a batch of water to be treated at atmospheric pressure.

The desired treatment pressure, e.g. 16 bar absolute, is set on the regulator 71.

The valve 70 opens and the steam flows through the nozzle 69 from, mixes with the water to be treated and transfers to this, by condensing, all of its stored ,, detectable warmth. The temperature and pressure in the enclosed space 6 8 rise until they are around 200 ° C and 16 bar absolutely achieve.

The introduction of steam is then interrupted. The nozzle 69 was designed to accommodate this rise in temperature and pressure done quickly for less than a minute.

The water is kept at 200 ° C and 16 bar absolute for 2 to 4 minutes.

At the end of this period, a pump 72 is put into operation in order to treat a new batch via the double wall 74 To direct water into a container 73. During its passage in the double wall causes the to be treated

0 9 8 19/0276

Water that has a temperature of about 40 ° C when entering, the cooling of the treated water contained in the enclosed space 6 8. The dimension of double Wall 74 was determined so that the water to be treated in the container 73 with a temperature of about 8O ° C arrives.

Additional cooling fluid runs in the second double wall 75 around and terminates the cooling of the treated water contained in the enclosed space 68. This cooling is considered complete when the temperature of the treated water is below 100 C and preferably falls to 40 to 50 ° C. At this point, a motor-driven valve 76 is gradually opened to relieve the pressure in the enclosed space 68.

The treated water flows to a filtration station 51 or to a flocculation decanter or centrifugation device, which separates the binder made insoluble by the treatment from the treated water.

The filtered water flows into the container 52 and the extracted Waste products 56 are dumped into a conveyor 57.

When the enclosed space 6 8 is empty, the valve 76 is closed and the valve 6 7 opened, so that the preheated water to be treated, contained in the container 73, through the Gravity can flow into the enclosed space 6 8. A vent valve 67a completes the system.

A new cycle can begin.

Fig. 8 shows a continuous operation apparatus for carrying out the treatment process.

At treatment pressure, a pump 77 sends the water to be treated to a mixer 78 into which a nozzle 79 opens which the heating fluid, water vapor, arrives.

5 0 9 8 1 9/0 2 7 β

2U8418

This steam mixes with the water to be treated and transfers all of its heat to it by condensing. The steam flow rate is determined by the motor-driven Regulated valve 80, which is controlled by the controller 81, to the desired treatment temperature at the output of the mixer 78 to maintain. At the exit of the mixer 78, in which it has remained about 10 seconds, traversed the water to be treated enters a reactor 82 where the binder is made insoluble and its dimensions such are determined that the residence time of the water to be treated corresponds to the treatment time, i.e. 2 to 4 minutes.

At the outlet of the reactor, the water is in a heat exchanger 83 to a temperature below 100 ° C and preferably to Chilled 40 to 50 ° C. Part of this cooling is done by the water to be treated, which is in this way in the Preheating cooling coil 84 from about 40 ° C to about 80 ° C.

At the outlet of the heat exchanger 83, the treated and cooled water is expanded to atmospheric pressure via a pressure reducing valve, which, controlled by a regulator 87, maintains the treatment pressure in the chamber.

The relaxed water flows to a filtering device or a flocculation-decanting device or a centrifuging device, which separates the binder made insoluble by the treatment from the treating water. The filtered water flows to the container 52 and the waste products 56, the residues of the treatment, become tipped into a conveyor 57.

The continuous operation apparatus of Figure 8 allows for a more flexible and less expensive one Treatment than that shown in FIG.

Another method is to use some of the wash water, contains contaminants, a bacterial

509819/0278

Subject to riological treatment in a ventilated pool. In such a pool, the bacterial organisms present enzymatically lead to decomposition, in particular of the phenol products which are present in the water. The treatment by a process that corresponds to a complete oxidation reaction leads to the conversion of the phenol products in particular into non-polluting elements such as CO ₂ and H ₂ O. For this reaction to be complete, it is necessary to ventilate the pool to protect the bacterial organisms and the oxidation reaction to supply the necessary oxygen.

The plants for the production of bonded fiberboard emit a large amount of waste products of various types, however, all of the binders or contaminant binder components contain.

First of all, these are the manufacturing waste products produced by the quality control are discarded plates. These waste products contain impurity elements in very dispersed form Shape, but are voluminous. After all, it is those coming from the filtration of the cooling and washing water Waste products that contain fibers and a very high concentration of binders and binder components. All of these waste products have traditionally been stored in abandoned quarries.

Efforts are being made, however, to ban this practice as it is polluting.

The invention provides a method for converting the waste products into non-polluting elements. It consists in subjecting the waste products to a thermal treatment after prior preparation, which _{converts the polluting materials into non-polluting elements such as CO 2} and H 0 by burning them off.

5098 19/0270

- ko -

9 shows an apparatus which enables this method to be carried out.

The waste products 56 carried by stations to thermal Treatment and filtration of the water come, are forwarded by the conveyor 57 and conveyed into a mixer 88, where they are mixed with the waste 87 bonded fiber products coming off the production lines.

At the outlet of the mixer 88, the mixture is tipped into an incinerator 90 by means of a conveyor 89. The from Heat released from the burner 91 brings the waste products to a temperature higher than 1,000 ° C. At this temperature the binder and binder components are converted into non-contaminating elements such as H-O and C0 ~ and together with the combustion gases of the burner 91 through the chimney 9 3 discharged into the atmosphere. The material that makes up the fibers reaches through the heat and collects on the Bottom of the oven 90 and is discharged via the outlet 92 in the form of a viscous thread from this and in the with water filled container 9 4 cooled. The cooled material is in the form of granules that are converted back into fibers can be.

Fig. 10 shows another device which enables the waste products to be treated.

The mixture of waste products 56 and 87 exiting mixer 88 is deposited by conveyor 89 on a belt 94 which passes through furnace 95. Due to the radiation or electrical resistance burners 96, this brings the waste products to a temperature of about 600 to 700 ^° C. At this temperature, the binder or the binder components contained in the waste products are converted into non-polluting elements such as CO ₂ and HyO converted, which are derived through the chimney 9 7, ^ emitted heat

509819/027 ü

The fibers that make up the bulk of the waste products by volume form, are softened under the action of heat, rearrange themselves and become grounded by caking bound to plates 9 8 by a volume which is much less than the initial volume of the waste products. These plates can then be returned to the fiber production cycle.

Another important feature of the invention is the reduction in the noise emitted by the take-off systems to which the invention relates.

In these plants, the main source of noise is the fiber manufacturing equipment and in particular, it is the high velocity fluid jets that it emits. Of the Sound levels around the fiber manufacturing equipment where workers are required to work generally exceed 100 decibels. The arrangement of the zone surrounding the sound source in open systems, as shown in Fig. 1, enables no effective isolation of the sound source from the outside, since it is necessary to have a free space of considerable dimensions train for the passage of the induced air. In the systems shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 according to the invention one gives the closure wall 32, which has the opening 33 through which the fiber and gas stream 12 penetrates into the chamber 22, and its other walls 21, a shape that allows sound-absorbing panels 99 inside the chamber-22 and to arrange sound absorbing panels 100 outside of the chamber 22.

The reduction in the sound level achieved by placing these plates in the zone containing the fiber manufacturing device 11 is 20 to 30 decibels, which greatly improves workers' working conditions.

Another sound source is formed by the fan 19 for extracting the exhaust gases. The one given by this Schklleistüng caused by the

5098 19/027 ο

Transfer connecting pipes to the chimney, which is outside of buildings containing the system, and they into the surrounding medium radiates.

In the systems shown in Fig. 1, the considerable volumes that are to be discharged through the chimney 35, and that Endeavor to limit the batch losses in it, led to to install a chimney with a large cross-section directly at the outlet of the fan 19 and thus almost the entire Radiate sound power that is emitted by this.

In the systems according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is made possible by the small volume of the exhaust gases discharged to remove the exit point of the exhaust gases from the fan 19. It is placed on the circulation pipe 34 on one of the fan 19 by at least one bend and one Length of the pipe separated, which is sufficient that at least part of the sound line emitted by the fan 19 is absorbed by the tube 34.

The reduction in the sound level in the zone surrounding the chimney 35 can reach 10 decibels or more.

11 shows an overall device for applying the invention, which has:

A fiber manufacturing apparatus 101 in which the molten material 102 is poured into one at a high speed rotating body is introduced, which has a certain number of openings on its circumference through which the Material emerges under the action of centrifugal force. The resulting threads will then have the effect of a annular concentric jet of hot gases subjected to great velocity, which is generally directed downwards and pulls them into fine fibers.

5 0 9 8 19/0276

A fiber distribution device consisting of a vibrating nozzle 14 that carries the fiber and gas stream 12, the from the fiber manufacturing device goes through.

A cooling device comprising atomizers 50 to direct the cooling jet onto stream 12. This device is arranged between the distribution device 14 and the impregnation device 13.

A device 15 for forming the mat, which consists of a perforated tape.

A cuboid receiving chamber 22, the bottom of the perforated tape 15, laterally from the vertical walls 21 and is bounded at the top by a horizontal wall 32, those at a distance of 200 mm from the fiber manufacturing device 101 is arranged and has a circular opening 33 through which the stream 12 traverses. The edges of this Openings are profiled to facilitate entry of the jet 12 and are tangents to them. The vertical Walls 21 delimit the mat-making zone on the perforated belt 50.

A container 16 "which is placed under the perforated tape 15 in the mat production zone is arranged and from one Fan 19 is subjected to negative pressure.

A relaxation and washing chamber 17, which is arranged downstream of the container 16 in the direction of flow, and an atomizer 45 arranged to form curtains of water droplets on the path of the exhaust gases 29.

In the direction of flow behind the chamber 17, a water separator 18 in the form of a cyclone.

A fan 19 that circulates all the gases that make up the fibers accompany the receiving organ 15, forces it to pass through

5 0 3 8 1 3 / Π 2 7 G

traverse, and it promotes in the pipe 34.

A circulation pipe 34, the rear in the flow direction End through opening 36 into the fiber distribution device 14 opens. Circulated exhaust gas amounts of about 90 to 95% pass through the receiving member 15 and are of the Circulation pipe 34 guided into chamber 22 via opening 36.

A line 35, which lies on the pipe 34, conducts 5 to 10% of the exhaust gases which have passed through the receiving member 15 the burning device 39. After passing through the burning device, where they are brought to a temperature higher than 600 ° C, the exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere .

Absorbent plates 99 and insulating plates 100, which on the walls 21 and 32 in the zone near the fiber production device 101 are arranged.

A pit 103, which receives the washing and cooling water, which are loaded with fibers, binders and binder components, dissolved and in suspension, and from the openings 2 4 and 25, which are arranged at the bottom of the chamber 17 and the cyclone 18.

A pump 104 which directs the water contained in the pit to a filter device 51.

A vibrating mesh filter device 51 which removes the insoluble Separates waste products from the wash water.

A container 52 placed under the filter 51 in which the filtered water is collected.

A heat exchanger 105 in which the water contained in the container 52 circulates under the action of the pump 5 3, cools down and when it comes into contact with the exhaust gases 29

50981 ^ / 0276

stored heat as it passes through the chambers 22 and 70 and the container 16 dispenses.

A cooling tower 106 in which the cooling water of the heat exchanger 105 circulates under the action of the pump 107.

A pump 55 that recirculates the water from the tank 52 and delivers it to the cooling device 50 of the fiber and Gas flow, the condensation and washing device of the exhaust gases 29, the station 108 for the preparation of the impregnation and the water treatment station 109 are pumped back .

A water treatment station 109 in which the Water is brought to a pressure of 16 kg absolute by the pump 77 and then passes through a heat exchanger 83 in which it is is heated up to about 80 ° C. At the exit of this heat exchanger

the water to be treated passes into a mixer 78, where it comes into contact with a stream of preferably superheated steam and is thus brought to a temperature of 200 ° C., at which it is in the reactor 82 for 2 to 4 minutes is held, which is arranged at the output of the mixer 78. At the exit of the reactor 82, the treated water is cooled to a temperature of 40 to 50 ° C, then expanded to atmospheric pressure by the pressure reducing valve 86 and passed to a centrifuge 110 which removes the binder insolubilized by the treatment from the treated Water separates. The treated water is returned to tank 52.

A fresh water supply line 111 which opens into the container 52 and enables the quality of the water in the system keep constant.

Conveyors 57 and 112 carrying the waste products from the filtration station 51 and the water treatment station 109 as well as the production lines to the station 113 for the treatment of the Waste products leads.

5 0 9 S 1 9 / G 2 7 6

A station 113 for the treatment of waste products, which consists of a furnace with gas jet pipes or electric Is equipped with resistors and in which the waste products are brought to a temperature of around 600 to 700 ° C to burn off the binder and the binder components and the fibers into sheets of small dimensions to bake together, which then goes to the fiber making circuit can be reintroduced.

Fig. 12 shows a further overall device for use of the invention, which comprises:

A fiber manufacturing device in which the molten Material, in particular glass, flows from a crucible 114 in the form of threads 115 which solidify before they come into contact with the drive rollers 116, which move the solid threads or rods into a hot gas jet 117 at high speed, usually bring in a direction practically perpendicular to this beam. This causes the end to heat up the rods and softens so that the jet pulls them into fibers and them to the mat-making member in the form of a Can promote fiber and gas stream 12.

A cooling device having atomizers 50 to spray cooling water onto stream 12.

An impregnation device 13 to spray the binder onto the stream 12 in the direction of flow of the stream 12 is arranged behind the cooling device.

A mat-making member 15, which consists of a perforated Band exists.

A cuboid receiving chamber 22, the bottom of the perforated strip 15, to the side of the vertical walls 21, bounded at the top by the wall 32 and at the rear by the vertical wall 118, which is about 200 mm from the outlet

509813/0 276

Opening of the beam 117 is located remotely and has a rectangular opening 33 through which the stream 12 traverses.

The edges of this opening are profiled to allow entry of the stream 12, and are tangents to these. The vertical walls 21 delimit the perforated Volume 15 the mat-making zone.

A vacuum container 16, which is under the perforated Belt 15 is arranged in the mat production zone.

A washing chamber 17 which is located below the container 16 and has openings 47 which are below the surface a quantity of water 48 open and through which the exhaust gases 29 flow. Atomizers 45 supply the washing water that an overflow opening 24 discharges to the collector 26.

In the direction of flow behind the chamber 17, a water separator 18 in the form of a cyclone.

A fan 19 that removes all gases that the fibers on the Accompany the take-off member 15, forcing it to traverse it and convey it into the pipe 34.

A circulation pipe 34, the rear end of which in the flow direction in the chamber 22 has two openings formed in the two vertical walls 21 on either side of the Fiber production device lie, opens into a zone which is close to this. Recirculated exhaust gas quantities that are up to 95% the quantities passing through the perforated belt 15 can reach, are fed into the chamber 22 via these openings.

A line 43 which opens into the chamber 22 in a zone which is located at the lower end of this chamber in the direction of flow, and which diverts the portion of the unrecycled exhaust gases to the combustor 39 via the fan 44.

5 0 3 8 19/0276

Absorbent panels 99 and insulating panels 100 attached to walls 21, 32 and 118 in the zone near the fiber-making apparatus are arranged.

A pit 103 that collects the washing and cooling water that with fibers, binders and binder components, dissolved or in suspension, are loaded and from the openings 24 and 25, which are arranged at the bottom of the chamber 17 and the cyclone.

A pump 104 which directs the water contained in the pit to a filter device 51.

A vibrating mesh filter device 51 which removes the insoluble Separates waste products from the wash water.

A container 52, which is arranged under the filter 51 and collects the filtered water.

A heat exchanger 105 in which the water contained in the container 52 circulates under the action of the pump 5 3 and cools itself down by the contact with the exhaust gases 29 as it passes through the chambers 22 and 17 releases stored heat.

The apparatus just described also includes, as shown, a water treatment station and a station for treating the waste products, which are the same as those described above with reference to FIG.

Fig. 13 shows a further overall device for carrying out the invention, which has!

A fiber manufacturing device into which the molten Material flows from the feeder 118 of a furnace via the openings of one or more rows of nozzle nipples which are connected to a Drawing nozzle 119 are provided, whereby a large number of material threads are generated which flow into a drawing zone,

5 0 9 8 19/0276

in which they are between converging gas jets of high velocity run through. The exit openings 120 of the rays are very close to the glass filament and the rays spread downwards in a direction that is practically parallel to the direction of movement of the glass threads. Very often the jets are formed by high pressure steam. The fibers produced, the drawing beams and that surrounding medium, which they induce, form the stream 12.

A cooling device 50 for spraying cooling water onto the stream 12.

An impregnation device 13 to spray the binder onto the stream 12.

A fiber distribution device 14 consisting of two compressed air nozzles exists to direct the fibers in a desired direction.

The system shown in FIG. 13 otherwise corresponds to that of FIG. 11.

Fig. 14 shows a further overall device for applying the invention, comprising:

A fiber production device in which the material in the liquid state and in thread form 121 on the circumference of a Rotor 122, rotating at high speed, is directed by high speed nozzles that are directed from Openings 123 emerge. The rotating body 122 converts The action of centrifugal force turns part of the material it picks up into fibers and straightens the other part onto a second rotor 124 which, by a corresponding process, turns part of the material it receives into Converts fibers. The number of rotors 122 is limited to two or three in general.

Through a ring of openings 125, which the rotors 122 and 124 will surround fluid jets as well

5G9 8.19 / 027S.

released at great speed, which act on the fibers produced to guide them to the receiving organ. These jets are formed by high pressure air or steam.

The openings 125 are also generally used to ensure that the binder is sprayed onto the fibers.

The entirety of the fibers of the guide rays and the surrounding one The medium they induce forms the stream 12.

A cooling device 50 to direct the cooling jet onto the stream 12 which is downstream of the openings 125 is arranged, through certain of these, the binder is atomized.

The layout of FIG. 14 otherwise corresponds to that of FIG. 12.

19/0276

Claims (63)

- 51 claims Method for at least partial suppression of harmful substances that eliminate at least most of the polluting elements in particular harmful due to their toxicity, opacity and smell and in the gaseous, It contains liquid and solid excretions from plants for the production of mats or panels Mineral fibers such as glass fibers are emitted, as well as allowing the reduction of the noise that wildly generated in these plants, in that the fibers are drawn out at the exit of the fiber manufacturing device subjected to an impregnation process by means of a binder containing contaminating elements contains, and are sent to a recording organ, that forms the mats, characterized in that the exhaust gases (all the drawing or guiding fluids, the are discharged from the fiber production device, the by these induced fluids and the contaminating elements that they carry with them) partially so circulated be that they make several repeated passes through the mat being manufactured that the most of that from the fluids released by the fiber manufacturing apparatus are given off, and the heat given off to the drawn material is transferred to water that this water is cooled, that the exhaust gases are washed with water after they have the mat and the receiving organ have traversed to demolish some of the contaminating water To transfer products that are contained in the exhaust gases that the non-recirculated part of the exhaust gases is cleaned prior to being discharged to the atmosphere, at least a portion of the wash water is circulated from which has been subjected to a certain amount of treatment in order to remove at least a substantial part of the contaminating Withdraw products, and that the solid 5G9S19 / Q276 Waste products are subjected to a cleaning treatment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the The amount of exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere is substantially equal to the amount of fluid necessary for drawing. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water is discharged only in the gaseous phase. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the circulated exhaust gases are returned to the fiber production · zone are introduced and guided so that they are between the production zone and the fiber removal zone of a web which is substantially parallel to that of the drawing fluids. 5. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the zone for discharging the non-circulated exhaust gases is arranged in the atmosphere on the path of the recirculated exhaust gases in such an area that that of the Ableitororgan the exhaust gases transmitted into the atmosphere and radiated noise is significantly reduced. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the washing water is subjected to a thermal treatment which brings the washing water into the steam state, and that the steam is at a temperature between 500 and 800 C is brought to turn the polluting elements it contains into non-polluting elements being transformed. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the washing water of a bacteriological treatment is subjected, which carries out the decomposition of the contaminating products that it contains, in order to not turn them into to convert contaminating products. 13/0276 8. A method for making insoluble thermosetting resins, which are contained in the water, characterized in that the water is a thermal treatment is preferably subjected to at a temperature above 100 ⁰ C and advantageously between about 150 and 24O ° C. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the treatment takes place under pressure. 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the heat necessary for the treatment within the mass of the water to be treated is released itself. 11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that that the thermal treatment is carried out in an enclosed space which is at one temperature below that of the water during the treatment. 12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that that the treatment is carried out with the heat emitted from the combustion gases of a water to be treated is released from immersed burner. 13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that that the treatment is carried out with the heat emitted by one in the water to be treated immersed electric arc is emitted. 14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that that the treatment is carried out with the heat generated by the condensation of preferably superheated steam is released within the mass of the water to be treated. 5098 19/0276 - 5k - . 15. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that that it is applied to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for treating the washing water will. 16. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, characterized in that that after the treatment the water is filtered to remove the solid elements and the insoluble ones removed elements. 17. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, characterized in that that the solid and insolubilized elements of the treated water are removed from it by decanting be separated, which may be preceded by a flocculation process. 18. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, characterized in, that the solid and insolubilized elements of the treated water by centrifuging it be separated. 19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in, that the insolubilized elements are placed in an oven at a temperature of preferably 600 to 1000 ° C are burned off, and that these are insoluble by this treatment in non-polluting elements being transformed. 20. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supplied by the drawing fluids and the drawn material Heat is derived from the system by means of a fluid, in particular water. 21. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water with the fibers to be cooled and exhaust gases is brought into contact, by means of the heat removed from the fibers and exhaust gases at least partially 509819/0276 is evaporated, and is passed mainly in the form of steam from the exhaust gases to a zone where it condenses and then cooled. 22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the transition of heat and pollutants of the exhaust gases to the water is increased in that a large contact area is formed between the exhaust gases and the water. 23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that a large contact area between the exhaust gases and the water is formed in that the water is sprayed in the form of fine droplets on the exhaust gases. 24. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that a large contact area between the exhaust gases and water is formed that the water in contact with the exhaust gases in the form of a film is very low Thickness flows out. 25. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that there is a large between the exhaust gases and the water Contact surface is formed that the exhaust gases can bubble into the water. 26. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the transition of heat from the exhaust gases to the Water is increased by directing the water into a zone where the temperature of the exhaust gases is very high is. 27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the water in the form of drops in the exhaust gases and on the Fibers is sprayed in a zone which is between the fiber making zone and the mat making zone lies. 503813/027 28. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the water in the form of drops in the exhaust gases and on the fibers between the fiber production zone and the Impregnation zone is sprayed. 29. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that the water used is circulated Contains water that is loaded with dissolved binder components. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the amount of binder which is atomized onto the fibers, depending on the amount of dissolved in the wash water and on that in the production Matte retained binder components is reduced. 31. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the water sprayed onto the exhaust gases is after this the mat-making zone have gone through. 32. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 31, characterized characterized in that the cooling of the water in an enclosed space without contact with the atmosphere is carried out. 33. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reduction in the amount of atomized onto the fibers Binder is reduced depending on the amount of binder! Components that are circulated in the Exhaust gases are present and retained by the mat being manufactured. 34. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the escape of washing water is prevented in that part of it, after filtration, is used to prepare for impregnation. 5Ö3319 / 0276 35. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the non-circulated part of the exhaust gases is thermally treated is to transform the polluting elements into non-polluting elements, especially through direct or to convert catalytic combustion. 36. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the non-circulated part of the exhaust gases is an electrostatic Purification is subjected. 37. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid waste products are subjected to a treatment by which these waste products are brought to a temperature above 1000 ° C, the polluting ones Elements that they contain, in non-polluting Elements are transformed, and the mineral elements that make them up are melted and be converted into compact elements of reduced volume. 38. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid waste products are subjected to a treatment whereby these waste products are brought to a temperature Bred above 600 ° C, the polluting elements they contain into non-polluting Elements are transformed, and the mineral products of which they are composed, by caking in particular be converted in the form of plates. 39. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized by a fiber production device (11), one the fiber between the fiber manufacturing device and the chamber (22) surrounding the member (15) on which the mat is formed and having an opening (27), through which the fiber and fluid stream (12) discharged from the fiber manufacturing apparatus into the Chamber arrives and the edges (33) tangents to the 509819/0276 " Electricity are a device that the initiation and Even distribution of recirculated exhaust gases in the chamber allows facilities to supply the water and bringing it into contact with the exhaust gases, means for removing the water from the exhaust gases separate, facilities to cool this water, a fan (19), which is in the direction of flow under the mat production zone, a connecting pipe (34) between the fan and the device for introducing the exhaust gases into the chamber for circulating part of the Exhaust gases, and a pipe that carries the non-circulated part of the exhaust gases to a treatment device for these exhaust gases the discharge of which into the atmosphere. 40. Apparatus according to claim 39, characterized in that water atomizer (49) between the fiber production zone and the mat production zone are arranged. 41. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that the water atomizer between the fiber production zone and the binder spray zone. 42. Device according to one of claims 39 to 41, characterized in that the water atomizer (45) is arranged in the direction of flow below the mat production zone are. 43. Device according to one of claims 39 to 42, characterized in that surfaces (45) on the path of the exhaust gases are arranged, over which a film of water flows. 44. Device according to one of claims 39 to 42, characterized in that nozzles the exhaust gases below the surface a wash basin (48) which lies in the direction of flow below the mat production zone. 503819/0276 45. Device according to one of claims 39 to 44, characterized by means of at least part of the wash water of a treatment for the separation of the in to submit to the contaminant elements contained in the water. . _. _ 46. Apparatus according to claim 45, characterized in that an organ (51) such as a filter, a centrifuge, or a decanter, possibly preceded by a flocculator, removes the solid products from the wash water separates. 47. Apparatus according to claim 45, characterized in that that the facilities used are thermal facilities. 48. Device for performing the method according to claim 8, characterized by a device with a cooker in which the water is heated under pressure to a temperature preferably above 100 ° C, and a reactor in which the resin contained in the water is made insoluble. 49. Apparatus according to claim 48, characterized by an organ in which the water under pressure by mixing with a hot fluid, in particular water vapor, is heated. 50. Apparatus according to claim 48, characterized by an organ in which the water is heated under pressure from the heat given off by a submerged electric arc. 51. Apparatus according to claim 48, characterized by a Organ in which the water is heated by the heat under pressure emitted from a submerged torch. δ 0 9 8 1 3 / G 2 7 6 52. Device according to one of claims 48 to 51, characterized through a heat exchanger in which the treated water transfers some of its heat to that to be treated Gives off water. 53. Device according to one of claims 48 to 52, characterized in that it applies to the washing water treatment the exhaust gases of the device according to claim 39 is applied. 54. Apparatus according to claim 47, characterized by a Burner to evaporate the washing water and to increase the steam temperature to 500 to 800 ° C. 55. Device according to one of claims 39 to 54, characterized through a heat exchanger to cool the water. 56. Apparatus according to claim 55, characterized in that the heat exchanger consists of a cooling tower (105). 57. Device according to one of claims 39 to 47 and 53 to 56, characterized in that the device has an impact or expansion chamber to separate the water from the exhaust gases, or a cyclone or is formed by an electrostatic precipitator. 58. Device according to one of claims 39 to 47 and 5 3 to 57, characterized in that the opening (27), which is formed in the chamber (22) which surrounds the fibers, and through which the fibers and the drawing fluids in the chamber, is at such a distance from the fiber production device (11) that the Path length of the jets emitted by the fiberising device is so small in open air is as possible and is preferably less than 200 mm. 5 0 9 3 13/0276 - 6i - 59. Apparatus according to claim 58, characterized in that the shape of the chamber (22) which surrounds the fibers, such - .. is that the orbit length of the drawing beams in free air is zero. 60. Device according to one of claims 39 to 47 and 53 to 59, characterized in that the inlet opening of the pipe (35) for the supply of the non-circulated exhaust gases to the treatment device (38) in one place on the connecting pipe (34) between the fan (19) and the chamber (22) surrounding the fibers. 61. Device according to one of claims 39 to 47 and 53 to 60, characterized in that the inlet opening the chimney (42) for extracting the circulated exhaust gases to the atmosphere at the circulation line (34) at one point which is separated from the fan (19) by a considerable distance which has at least one curvature is. 62. Device according to one of Claims 39 to 47 and 53 to 59, characterized in that the inlet opening the line (35) for the supply of the non-circulated exhaust gases to the treatment device (38) at one point which is arranged on the wall of the chamber (22) surrounding the fibers. 63. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 47 and 53 to .62, characterized in that the surrounding the fibers Chamber (22) is soundproofed by insulating plates (99, 100). 509819/0276