DE2327789A1 - Bauxite processing red mud disposal - after prodn of solid bulk matl by cement admixt - Google Patents
Bauxite processing red mud disposal - after prodn of solid bulk matl by cement admixtInfo
- Publication number
- DE2327789A1 DE2327789A1 DE2327789A DE2327789A DE2327789A1 DE 2327789 A1 DE2327789 A1 DE 2327789A1 DE 2327789 A DE2327789 A DE 2327789A DE 2327789 A DE2327789 A DE 2327789A DE 2327789 A1 DE2327789 A1 DE 2327789A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- matl
- cement
- prodn
- admixt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0409—Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00784—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes for disposal only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Überführen von Rot schlamm in eine feste Form Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Überführen von feuchtem Rotschlamm in eine feste'Form zum Zwecke-der umlfeltfreundlicheren Deponierung. Method of converting red mud into a solid form The invention relates to a method for converting moist red mud into a solid form for the purpose of more environmentally friendly landfilling.
Rotschlam, der bei der Tonerdeherstellung aus Bauxit nach dem Bayerverfahren in großen Mengen anfällt, ist ein Abfallprodukt, dessen Beseitigung erhebliche Schwierigkeiten bereitet. Das Abfallprodukt Rotschlamm wird in vielen Fällen in Baggergruben geschüttet, in denen eine Verdunstung der im Rotschlamm vorhandenen Feuchtigkeit stattfindet. Die in dem Schlammwasser gelösten Salze können in den Boden eindringen und zu einer Schädigung des Grundwassers führen. Ferner kann der an der Atmosphäre getrocknete Rotschlamm, der sich als Fällungspsdukt durch Feinstkörnigkeit auszeichnet, als Staub durch den Wind fortgetragen werden und zur Umweltverschmutzung beitragen.Red mud from the production of alumina from bauxite using the Bayer process Accumulating in large quantities, is a waste product, the disposal of which is significant difficulties prepares. The waste product red mud is often dumped in dredging pits, in which an evaporation of the moisture present in the red mud takes place. The salts dissolved in the mud water can penetrate the soil and become a Damage to the groundwater. Furthermore, the dried in the atmosphere Red mud, which is characterized as a precipitated product due to its very fine grain, as Dust can be carried away by the wind and contribute to environmental pollution.
Es gibt auch Fälle, in denen der feuchte Rotschlamni in der Weise beiseite geschafft wird, daß man ihn mit Schiffen auf das Meer fährt und durch Öffnungen am Schiffsboden ins Wasser abläßt, in der Hoffnung, daß der Schlamm auf den Meeresgrund absinkt. Tatsächlich bleibt der Schlamm als Suspension im Meerwasser in Schwebe und die Schwebstoffe schädigen Fauna und Flora des Meeres, ganz abgesehen von der häßlichen Rotfärbung des Wassers.There are also cases when the damp Rotschlamni in the way it is put aside so that it can be taken out to sea in ships and through openings at the bottom of the ship in the hope that the mud will sink to the bottom of the sea sinks. In fact, the mud remains suspended in seawater as a suspension and the suspended solids damage marine fauna and flora, not to mention that ugly red coloration of the water.
Es hat nicht an Bemühungen ge£ehlt, den Rotschlamm nutzbringend zu verwerten. So gibt es Vorschläge, aus Rotschlamm Ziegel herzustellen bzw. den Rotschlamm bei der Ziegelherstellung als Zuschlagstoff mit zu verwerten. Beispielsweise ist auch vorgeschlagen worden, aus Rotschlamm geblähte Granalien herzustellen und diese in der Bauindustrie als Zuschlagstoff einzusetzen. Es ist auch versucht worden, durch Aufbereitung die im Rotschlamm enthaltenen Eisenbestandteile anzureichern und dann zu verhiitten. Mit diesen Verfahren gelingt es jedoch nicht, der großen anfallenden Mengen an Rotschlamm Herr zu werden, zumal bei den genannten Verfahren zumeist der Anteil des zur Verwendung kommenden Rotschlamms im Verhältnis zu den anderen dabei benötigten Feststoffen gering ist. Die Wirtschaftlichkeit ist bei den bekannten Verfahren nicht gegeben.There has been no endeavor to make the red mud usable utilize. There are proposals to make bricks out of red mud or red mud to be used as an aggregate in brick production. For example is It has also been proposed to produce expanded granules from red mud and these to be used as an aggregate in the construction industry. It has also been tried to enrich the iron components contained in the red mud through processing and then to prevent. However, these methods do not succeed in the major ones To master the amounts of red mud that arise, especially with the procedures mentioned mostly the proportion of the red mud used in relation to the other solids required is low. The economy is at the known methods are not given.
Die Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, um den bei der Tonerdeherstellung in so erheblichen Mengen anfallenden Rotschlamm in eine solche Form zu überführen, durch die zwar keine wirtschaftliche Verwertung des Rotschlamms erreicht wird, die aber seine Unterbringung in einer umweltfreundlicheren Weise gestattet, wobei die aufzuwendenden Mittel noch tragbar sind. Es sei bemerkt, daß bekanntlich bei der Lösung von Umweltproblemen andere Maßstäbe hinsichtlich der Wirtschaftlichkeit gesetzt werden.The invention has therefore set itself the task of proposing a method about the red mud that is produced in such large quantities during the manufacture of alumina to be converted into such a form which is not an economic one Recovery of the red mud is achieved, but its placement in a More environmentally friendly way allowed, whereby the expenditures are still affordable are. It should be noted that in solving environmental problems, it is known that others Standards are set in terms of profitability.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekenn-.The method according to the invention is characterized by this.
zeichnet, daß der feuchte Rotschlamm vorzugsweise mit schnellbindendem Zement ohne Zusatzwasser zu einer formbaren Masse gemischt wird, daß die Masse in Teilstücke möglichst mit einem Minimum an Oberfläche und einem Maximum an Volumen verformt wird und daß die Teilstücke an der Luft oder im Wasser erhärten.draws that the damp red mud preferably with quick-setting Cement is mixed without additional water to a malleable mass that the mass in Sections with a minimum of surface and a maximum of volume, if possible is deformed and that the pieces harden in the air or in water.
Der Rotschlamm solte noch einen solchen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt besitzen, daß er ohne Zugabe von Zusatzwasser mit Zement gemischt und- in eine formbare Masse gebracht werden kann. Vorzugsweise soll ohne Gipszusatz hergestellter Zement verwendet werden, um die Abbindezeit zu verkürzen. Es kann jedoch dem Zement auch ein bekannter Abbindebeschleuniger zugefügt werden. Die Verformung der Mischung in Teilstücke mit möglichst kleiner Oberfläche und großem Volumen ist daher von besonderer Bedeutung, weil bei kleiner Oberfläche der Teilstücke das eventuelle Herauslösen von Salzen durch Luft oder Wasser auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert wird. Die Teilstücke sollen daher möglichst die Form von Quadern oder Zylinderabschnitten besitzen.The red mud should still have such a moisture content that it is mixed with cement without the addition of additional water and turned into a malleable mass can be brought. Cement produced without the addition of gypsum should preferably be used to shorten the setting time. However, it can also be a well-known cement Setting accelerators can be added. The deformation of the mixture into pieces with the smallest possible surface and large volume is therefore of particular importance, because if the surface of the pieces is small, the possible dissolution of salts is reduced to a minimum by air or water. The cuts should therefore, if possible, have the shape of cuboids or cylinder sections.
Derartige Körper lassen sich in bekannten Preßvorrichtungen leicht herstellen.Such bodies can easily be used in known pressing devices produce.
Die Formkörper aus Rotschlamm mit Zementzusatz sollen nicht als Baustoff Verwendung finden. Hierzu reicht -ihre Qualität nicht aus. Sie werden vielmehr nach ihrer Herstellung, d.h. nachdem sie transportfähige Härte besitzen, beispielsweise in Bodenvertiefungen (Baggergruben usw.) geschüttet. Soweit sich diese Gruben in der Nähe des Tonerdeherstellers befinden, kann auch die Verarbeitung des Rotschlamms mit Zement in Misch- und Formvorrichtungen in unmittelbarer Nähe der Ablagerungsgrube erfolgen, so daß die Formkörper bereits während des Erhärtevorganges in die Grube verbracht werden1 wo dann die endgültige Härtung stattfindet. The moldings made from red mud with the addition of cement are not intended to be used as building materials Find use. Their quality is not sufficient for this. Rather, you will be after their production, i.e. after they have transportable hardness, for example poured into depressions in the ground (excavation pits, etc.). As far as these pits are in The processing of the red mud can also be located near the clay manufacturer with cement in mixing and molding devices in the immediate vicinity of the sedimentation pit take place so that the moldings are already in the pit during the hardening process 1 where the final hardening takes place.
Es kann auch daran gedacht werden, soweit sich der Tonerdeherstellungsbetrieb beispielsweise in Meeresnähe befindet, die hergestellten Formkörper aus Rotschlamm mit Zement zus atz auf das Meer zu fahren und dort zu versenken, so daß sie auf den Meeresgrund absinken. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Standzeit der Teilstücke aus Rotschlamm und Zement unter Wasser befriedigend ist. Gegebenenfalls kann die Herstellung der Formstücke auch an Bord der Schiffe erfolgen.It can also be thought of as far as the alumina manufacturing plant is concerned for example, near the sea, the molded bodies produced from red mud with the addition of cement to drive to the sea and sink it there so that it rises sink the seabed. It has been shown that the service life of the sections from red mud and cement is satisfactory underwater. If necessary, the Manufacture of the fittings also take place on board the ships.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732327789 DE2327789C3 (en) | 1973-06-01 | Process for converting red mud into a solid form | |
| IT3249673A IT1003290B (en) | 1973-06-01 | 1973-12-31 | PROCEDURE TO BRING RED SLUDGE TO A SOLID STATE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732327789 DE2327789C3 (en) | 1973-06-01 | Process for converting red mud into a solid form |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2327789A1 true DE2327789A1 (en) | 1974-12-19 |
| DE2327789B2 DE2327789B2 (en) | 1976-03-11 |
| DE2327789C3 DE2327789C3 (en) | 1976-11-11 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2610012A1 (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-09-30 | Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gep Es | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CERAMIC PRODUCTS USING RED MUD FROM CLAY PRODUCTION |
| FR2433376A1 (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1980-03-14 | Eurallumina Spa | PROCESS FOR THE DISPOSAL OF BAUXITE TREATMENT WASTE AND THEIR RECEPTION IN DEPOSIT BASINS |
| DE3223024A1 (en) * | 1982-06-19 | 1983-12-22 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SUPPORT |
| NL1018084C2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-19 | Roelof Dirk Schuiling | Preparation of granular material for removing metal salts from water, comprises heating aqueous mixture of bauxsol, sand and burnt lime |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2610012A1 (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-09-30 | Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gep Es | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CERAMIC PRODUCTS USING RED MUD FROM CLAY PRODUCTION |
| FR2433376A1 (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1980-03-14 | Eurallumina Spa | PROCESS FOR THE DISPOSAL OF BAUXITE TREATMENT WASTE AND THEIR RECEPTION IN DEPOSIT BASINS |
| DE3223024A1 (en) * | 1982-06-19 | 1983-12-22 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SUPPORT |
| NL1018084C2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-19 | Roelof Dirk Schuiling | Preparation of granular material for removing metal salts from water, comprises heating aqueous mixture of bauxsol, sand and burnt lime |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2327789B2 (en) | 1976-03-11 |
| IT1003290B (en) | 1976-06-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |