DE2320206A1 - DOOR DRIVE FOR A RIGHT MOVING DOOR - Google Patents

Description

Door drive for a door that moves in a straight line

The invention relates to a door drive and relates in particular to a door drive for linear movement a door along a track, in particular a guide rail, for use in connection with vehicles for the Passenger traffic for getting on and off passengers or in buildings with heavy pedestrian traffic.

The invention is based on the object of a door drive for moving a door in a straight line along a path, in particular to create along a guide rail that is fully integrated or self-contained and all contains organs necessary for its operation.

This task is according to the invention with a door drive for moving a door in a straight line solved, which housed in a small space together with a hitch for the door and enables the door to be opened and closed smoothly and easily.

A flexible one is used to couple the door drive to the door Device so that the door can be closed under pressure

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and is well sealed in the closed position.

The door or doors operated by the door operator are lockable in the closed position with an advantageously designed locking device. To operate the an appropriate actuating device is provided for such a door drive associated limit switch. .

A manually operated door lock is built into the integrated or self-contained door drive, those in the locked position bypassing the door drive integrated into the train's door locking system is effective.

The self-contained door drive designed according to the invention for rectilinear movement has a threaded spindle rotatably mounted close to a door operated by it, on which a nut coupled to the door can be adjusted. A shaft-nut unit is preferably provided at which the frictional connection between the thread of the threaded spindle and the thread of the nut through into the thread of the Nut guided balls takes place, which results in an extremely high efficiency, so that the door is by hand between the open and the closed position can be moved by a force transmitted to the nut via the door the threaded spindle is set in rotation. In one embodiment, the door drive is in a small space together with a Hitch for the door housed and located therefore at a distance above the top edge of the door. It should be noted, however, that the inventively designed Door drive can be accommodated below the lower edge of the door in the vehicle floor, especially when if an arrangement above the door is not possible for reasons of space is. In most cases, however, it can be expected that there will be sufficient space above the door to accommodate the door drive.

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the flexible or elastic coupling of the adjustable A coupling device is provided for the drive nut with the door, which prevents the door from moving when it starts up dampens against an obstacle to protect the door drive and allows the door to close under pressure to the door to seal perfectly against an opening at the sealing or closing edge. Furthermore, there is a device on the coupling device, which during the closing movement detects an obstacle occurring at the edge of the door and either returns the door to the open position or interrupts the closing process. The door is in the closed position lockable with an advantageously designed locking device. This is before the start of the opening cycle to initiate the door opening movement by a power-operated Device released and automatically locked when the door is closed by moving the door. In order to be able to unlock and open the door when the door drive is not receiving voltage or is otherwise disturbed an emergency actuation device is available. The motor of the door drive is controlled with a Actuating device in the form of a worm wheel, which is driven by one of the rotating threaded spindle of the door drive Attached worm is driven and actuated a plurality of limit switches. The door drive has door stops which therefore do not have to be attached to the car body, the door drive also contains a manually operated one Locking device to lock the doors in the closed position and the door drive from the door locking system of the To be able to separate train. In addition, a switch that can be operated by the train crew can be built into the door drive will.

The invention is described below with reference to schematic drawings an exemplary embodiment explained with further details. In the drawing shows:

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I'i-g. 1 is a front view of one on tracks or rails guided pair of doors of a vehicle for passenger traffic, by the door drive according to the invention are driven

Fig. 2 is a front view, on an enlarged scale, of the door drive, for the sake of simplicity, some components are drawn and broken away others are omitted. The position of the parts when they are closed and locked is shown in solid lines Door, drawn with dashed lines the unlocked position of the locking device.

3 is a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the door drive and, in particular, of those shown in FIG Components,

Fig. 4 is a section substantially along the line 4-4 in Fig. 2,.

FIG. 5 is an end view, on an enlarged scale, of the door drive shown in FIG. 2, essentially along the section line 5-5 in Fig. 2,

6 shows a front view, on an enlarged scale, of the door drive, in particular the emergency actuation device,

Fig. 7 is a front view of a door drive driven Device for actuating limit switches,

Fig. 8 is a broken representation of a mounting rail for the door with hinges attached to the ends,

9 is a side view of the obstacle scanner;

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Pig. 10 is a front view of parts in opposite directions Directions of opening doors and a manually operated locking device connected to them,

Pig. 11 is an electrical circuit diagram of the control circuit for Door operator and

Pig. 12 is a switch function diagram showing the relationships between the actuation of switches and the opening and closing movement of the door.

In the example shown, Pig. 1 one Door opening 10 formed in a side wall 11 of a vehicle used for passenger transport as required through a A pair of door leaves 12 and 13, which open in opposite directions and are guided on tracks or rails, open and close. Each door leaf has flexible sealing strips 12a or 15a on its front edge. The door leaves are on rails or tracks 15 or 16 guided, which are supported on a support rod 17 attached to the car body of considerable length are. The door leaf 12 is with two guide elements, in particular Trolleys 18 on the rail 15 »of the door leaf 15 attached to the rail 16 with two guide elements, in particular trolleys 19. To limit the door leaf path by limiting the travel of the trolleys are 15 and 16 door stops at opposite ends of the rails 20 attached (Pig. 8). These stops are preferably rubber washers that are held in place on the rail with pins are. They also have the purpose of making the attachment of stops on the car body superfluous. In the illustrated For example, the door drive is used to move doors along a straight line. However, be on it pointed out that the door drive can also be used to move doors that pivot when opening or pivot sliding doors is.

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The door drive for linear movement according to the invention is also attached to the support rod 17 above the door leaf and has a reversible motor 25, the can be operated electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically. The door drive also includes two threaded spindles 26 and 27, one of which is right-handed, the other has a left-hand thread. They are coaxially arranged with an output shaft 28 of the motor and on this connected directly by couplings 29 and 50, respectively. the The threaded spindle 26 is rotatable in bearings 31 »the threaded spindle 27 rotatably supported in bearings 32.

A nut 35, which is connected to the door leaf 12 via a suspension bracket arrangement 36, can be adjusted along the threaded spindle 26 while it is rotating. The adjustment of the nut thus causes the door leaf to move. In a similar way, a nut 37 can be adjusted along the threaded spindle 27, which nut is connected to the door leaf 13 via a hanging ball arrangement 38. The threaded spindle nut drive unit can be designed as long as it is ensured that the door leaves can be opened in a dangerous situation without the aid of mechanical or motorized devices, for example, that a person presses against the front edge of the door, and that thereby the nut adjust along the threaded spindle and can move ^{the door / in c an open position.} This drive is preferably designed in the form of a threaded spindle with a ball nut. It is evident that the threaded spindles 26 and 27 are provided with threads in opposite directions, so that the door leaves open when they are rotated together in one direction and close when rotated together in the opposite direction.

In the example shown, the door drive according to the invention is used to operate in opposite directions opening door leaf. It should be noted that the

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Door drive can also be used to operate a single door is. In this case, only a single threaded spindle with nut is provided. Contrary to the one shown in the example If it is arranged above a door, the door drive can also be arranged under the floor.

Reference is now made to FIG. For hanging bracket arrangement 36, which connects the door leaf 12 with the nut 35, two opposing L-shaped hanging bracket 41, which with Base legs 41a rest against the upper edge of the door leaf 12 and are attached to it, as well as upstanding legs 41b, which have recesses through which the threaded spindle 26 is inserted so that it can move freely. Instead of the two A single U-shaped bracket can also be provided for separate retaining brackets. On the vertical part of each bracket 41 is in each case an inwardly directed tubular spring guide 46 or 47 supported, which the threaded spindle 26 is freely movable penetrates. There are springs 48 on the spring guides 46 and 47 or 49 of the same length and the same spring stiffness added, which are supported at one end on the legs 41b of the bracket 41 and at the other end on collars 50 and 51, respectively are attached to opposite ends of the nut 35. the In this way, nut 35 is through between brackets 41 Supported springs, which thus form a flexible coupling between the nut and the door leaf. If necessary, springs can be used Unequal length and different spring stiffness can be used, for example, if a greater compliance should be present. Against entrainment in the rotation of the threaded spindle 26, the nut 35 is through a guide fence 54 secured by the mother laterally protrudes and at the end carries a hollow 55 which, as can be seen most clearly in FIG. 5, engages in a guide track 56 which along: the holding rod 17 is formed. The formation of the hanging bracket assembly 38 for coupling dor nut 37 with the door leaf 13 ict with that of the Häncebügelanordnunp; 36 same.

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Due to the flexible coupling of the door with the adjustable one Nut it is possible to generate a pressure on the sealing edge when the door is closed by the fact that the nut is pressed an end position can be passed, whereby the spring 49 is compressed. Strikes the door when opening or closing on an obstacle, the springs 48 and 49 of the coupling arrangement cause a damping of the force exerted by the obstacle. In the example shown, coil springs are drawn. The elastic coupling between the nut and the door can also be formed by other types of springs. For example, leaf springs can be used. It should also be noted that that instead of a spring, any flexible element for producing the flexible connection can be provided between the nut and the door, for example an elastomer element. It also makes sense that a device can be built into the door drive with which a front edge during the closing process the emerging obstacle can be detected. As shown in Fig. 9, this scanning device can be used in the resilient coupling be incorporated between the nut and the door leaf and have a pin 57 from the Starting from the collar 50, penetrates a hole in the retaining bracket 41b and to an actuating lever 58 on the retaining bracket 4 "Ib an- ' Brought switch 59 is aligned. If the door leaf hits an obstacle, the Spring 48, whereby the switch 59 is actuated. This can be switched in such a way that it returns the door leaf to the open position leads and then closes again, or the door leaf stops until the obstacle is removed, or the drive force of the door drive is reduced. The switch can be provided at one or the other end of the coupling.

In the closed position, the door is secured against movement by a ratchet wheel 60 attached to the threaded spindle 26 and a pawl 61, which are ^{pivotably mounted on the holding rod 1 r} / and about an axis perpendicular to the threaded spindle 26

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is pivotable «. The ratchet wheel 60 has a on its circumference Hehrzahl trained in the circumferential direction with spacing Latches or slots 62 into which, in the locked position of the pawl, a latching member 63 of the pawl intervenes. In the locking position of the pawl, shown in solid lines in FIG. 2, extends a lever part 64 of the pawl 61 normally in the vertical direction and is, as shown with dashed lines, tiltable in order to raise the latching member 63 to unlock the threaded spindle 26 if necessary. On the lever part 64 the pawl engages a magnet 65 with a plunger core to move the pawl into the unlocked position when energized. The magnet is attached to the holding rod 17. Any other power operated actuation device can be used to unlock the pawl be.

Between the threaded spindle 26 and the ratchet wheel 60 is a unidirectional clutch or overrunning clutch 67 is arranged. Thus, the threaded spindle can during its rotation to the Closing the door, as indicated by the directional arrow 68, will overtake the ratchet wheel to prevent accidental breakage of one of the ratchet teeth or to avoid the pawl. Although any design of the overrunning clutch is possible, in Fig. 4 shows a ratchet wheel with a pawl. Consequently the threaded spindle 26 can, with the pawl 61 engaged in the ratchet wheel 60, in the direction of rotation corresponding to the closing movement overtaking the ratchet wheel, turning the threaded spindle in the direction that would cause the door leaf to open, is however prevented. Accordingly, the soft closing of the door leaf takes place, the pre-loading of the front edge of the Door leaf and the locking at least partially as a result of the arrangement of the ratchet wheel on the coupling. It makes sense that another type of interaction between the pawl and the ratchet wheel can be provided, as long as this Damage to the ratchet wheel and the pawl avoided

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will. For example, the pawl can be arranged so that it is supported by a spring relative to the rotation of the ratchet wheel is pushed in one direction.

Since it is not expedient to leave the magnet 65 switched on during the entire opening and closing process of the door, a retaining lever, shown in solid lines in the unlocked position in FIG which it holds the pawl in the unlocked position and then enables the magnet 65 to be switched off. The retaining lever is pivotably arranged with a pivot pin 71 on the retaining rod 17 and is constantly and elastically urged clockwise into its working position by a spring 71a. A nose 72 formed at one end of the retaining lever engages in the working or locking position of the retaining lever on the lower free end of the lever part 64 of the pawl. When the door is closed and when the coupling arranged between the nut and the door is moved into the position corresponding to the closed position, the retaining lever is released in order to release the pawl, which can thus go into its locked position. The locking lever is unlocked with a decoupling pin 74, which is attached to the front L-shaped retaining bracket 41 of the retaining bracket arrangement and engages a cam surface ^ 3 formed on the retaining lever in order to pivot the retaining lever counterclockwise and thus release the pawl 61. Although the weight of the lever part 64 of the pawl is sufficient to bring the pawl into its locking position by utilizing the force of gravity, a spring, for example spring 64a, can of course be provided in order to move the pawl into its locking position more positively the spring is off, the pawl therefore goes into the locking position with gravity drive.

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In order to avoid the failure of the electrical power supply or in To be able to open the door in the event of danger, an emergency handle 80 is provided. This is attached to an arm 82 of a manure handle lifter 83 via a connecting rod 81. By pulling down the manure handle, the emergency handle lever is rotated counterclockwise about a pivot pin 84 and drives a cam 85 against the lever part 64 of the pawl, to bring the latching member 63 in the unlocked position. Upon further rotation of the manure handle lever 83, a roller 86 held on an arm 87 of the manure handle lever comes into engagement with the adjacent! guide element 18 of the. Door and drives it into the open position. As a result of the mode of action of the nut-threaded spindle drive unit, it is then possible to press against the front edge of the door to move to the open position.

To put a door drive out of operation and at the same time lock the doors driven by the in the closed position to be able to, one integrated with its essential components in the door drive, can be operated by hand Locking device, as shown for example in Fig. 10, may be provided. The installation frame of the door drive carries a pivot pin 89 'on which a locking lever can be pivoted 88 is arranged. This has a locking bolt 90 which can be snapped into recesses 91 and 92 if necessary which are formed in brackets 93 and 94 arranged on the upper edges of the door leaves 13 or respectively. These bucks 93 and 94 overlap, so that their recesses when closed Doors cover each other. By moving the locking lever 88 by hand into the solid lines position shown, the locking bolt 90 is engaged and thereby causes the locking of the door leaves in the closed position. At the same time the locking lever is activated 88 a bypass or disconnect switch 95 »which bypasses the door drive and from the control by the Door locking system of the train essentially excludes.

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The control of the motor and the magnet of the door drive can be time-dependent by actuating limit switches from the opening and closing cycles. While the device for actuating limit switches can be designed as desired, has an embodiment shown in FIG. 7 According to the invention, a screw 100 which is non-rotatably arranged on the threaded spindle of the door drive is and meshes with a worm gear 101 which is rotatably arranged on the support rod. At the circumference of the worm wheel can claws or claws for interacting with and for actuating limit switches arranged near the worm wheel Attacks be arranged. A cam can also be attached to the worm wheel in a rotationally fixed manner, its circumferential profile correspondingly is designed to operate the necessary limit switches. It should be noted that snail and Worm gear are coordinated so that no more during the opening or closing cycle of the door drive takes place as one, preferably about half a revolution of the worm wheel.

In Fig. 7 it can be seen that the worm gear 101 for Actuation of limit switches 103, 104 · and 105, which are shown in the electrical control circuit for the door drive are arranged, a cam 102 is attached in a rotationally fixed manner. Also operated the pawl 61 when unlocking a limit switch 106 (FIG. 2), the emergency handle lever 83 a limit switch 107 (Fig. 6).

The operation of the door drive is best illustrated using the electrical circuit diagram in FIG. 11 and the switch function diagram s in Fig. 12 understandable. The positions of the switches shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 11 correspond to the closed position of the door. In the switch function diagram show the horizontal lines marked with the designations of the switch contacts between the vertical ones Lines "door closed" and "door open" indicate when the contacts

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are closed. The switch contacts are in the gaps opened. -

A line 110 is connected to a power source. As soon as a signal to open the door is fed into a line 111 the opening cycle of the door drive is initiated. A line 112 receives the signal to open the door a signal to unlock. As a result, the locking magnet 65 is switched on, which moves the pawl 61 into the unlocked position emotional. The pawl actuates the limit switch 106, which is part of a motor control relay leading line 113 lying locking contacts 106 a of the engine control relay closes to the engine control relay

115 to switch on. Simultaneously be in a circuit

116 of the traction motors arranged locking contacts 106b of the traction motor are opened, so that the traction motors are switched on when opening or in the open position of the door and is prevented until the door is closed again and actuates the limit switch 106 and closes the contacts 106b.

When the motor control relay 115 is energized, the contact levers pivot 115a and 115b in the positions shown in Fig. 11 with dashed lines, so that the armature 25a of the door drive motor 25 receives tension and drives the threaded spindle 26 in the direction in which the nut and the one connected to it Door leaves 12 move into the open position. The motor 25 is shown schematically as a permanent magnet motor. However, any other desired motor training can be used. In this case, the circuit for the door drive is the same to change. When the motor 25 is in the opening movement continues in the corresponding direction, it drives the limit switch actuating device shown in FIG. 7 in the direction of the arrow 114- so that the limit switch 105 assigned to the closing process is actuated first and the contacts 105a are closed so that they are ready for the closing process. At the same time, those in the circuit of the

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Traction motors lying contacts 105b open. During the Door drive the door leaf further in the direction of the open position moved towards it, it continues to drive the worm wheel and the cam 102 of the limit switch actuator at. When the door has reached about 70 percent of the open position, the contacts 104a are closed by actuating the limit switch 104 and the opening movement is activated in the motor circuit Associated damping resistor 119 switched on in order to bring about dynamic braking of the motor and by evaporation the last part of the opening movement to prevent the door leaf from slamming hard. Contacts 104b are connected in such a way that, in the closed state, they have a series or series resistor associated with the opening cycle 118 short-circuit. These contacts are opened simultaneously to connect this resistor 118 to the circuit of the To be connected to the motor and to be involved in braking the motor. At the same time, the Limit switch 117 actuated, the contacts 110a opens and the Yerriegelungs-magnet 65 turns off so that it is in the The door is in the open position and is not under voltage during the closing process.

Shortly before the door leaf reaches its fully open position and about 90 percent of its entire opening movement is carried out has, the cam 102 of the limit switch actuating device actuates the limit switch assigned to the opening movement 103, which opens the contacts 103a in the circuit of the motor and switches off the door drive motor. The door leaf can therefore move into the fully open position without a drive.

When the signal to open the door is canceled on the line 111 of the door locking system of the train, the motor control relay 115 is switched off and the voltage signal on the unlocking line 112 of the magnet canceled, so that the contact levers 115a and 115b of the motor control relay have their solid lines

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Return to the initial positions shown by the lines. The door drive motor is driven in the reverse direction and actuates the threaded spindle 26 in the direction required for closing, so that the nut 35 and connected to it Door leaf 12 can be moved into the closed position. The resistance assigned to this is present during the closing cycle 120 in the motor circuit to determine the motor speed and the linear speed of moving from the open position to the closed position Position moving door lower. As soon as the door leaf moves into the closed position, it is preloaded by the The nut is adjusted so much that the spring 49 slightly squeezes. As a result, a good seal is achieved on the sealing or front edge of the door leaf. If the door leaf approaches the closed position, the limit switch 105 assigned to the closing cycle is actuated by the cam 102, opens the contacts 105a in the motor circuit and switches off the door drive motor. Furthermore, the retaining lever 70 of the on Hanging bracket 4-1 attached decoupling pin 74- in unlocked position urged so that the pawl 61 can snap into the ratchet wheel 60 and lock it. The pawl 61 actuates the limit switch 106, which closes the locking contacts 106b of the traction motors located in the traction motor circuit and the interlocking contacts in line 113 to the motor control relay 106a of the engine control relay opens. The cam operated limit switch 105 is activated during the closing cycle switched to close the locking contacts 105b of the traction motors located in the traction motor circuit, so that they are switched on will. The locking contacts 105b of the limit switch 105 are superimposed on the locking contacts 106a of the Pawl operated limit switch 106, so that in the event of failure or malfunction of the limit switch 106 and while the door is still open is not closed, the traction motor circuit remains open.

When the emergency handle lift 83 is actuated, the limit switch 107 switched, which opens the contacts 107a in the motor circuit and thus prevents the motor 25 from being switched on.

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By moving the emergency handle hebeis the ratchet 60 is from the pawl 61 released. The roller 86 held on the emergency handle lever then engages the adjacent guide element 18 and initiates the movement of the door leaf into the open position. By then pressing on the front edge the door can then be moved to the fully open position.

From the above it follows that the door drive according to the invention is essentially completely self-contained and is an integrated unit that is independent of the usual supports included in the car body.

The invention is not restricted to the above exemplary embodiment, but rather in a variety of ways within the framework of this basic idea Way modifiable.

/Expectations

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Claims (14)

EXPECTATIONS 1. Door drive for moving a door in a straight line along a Track, in particular along a guide rail, between one Open and a closed position, characterized in that that a threaded spindle (26) of considerable length, which on a holder (1?) rotatably received can be driven in rotation by a reversible motor (25) connected to it and a nut (35) which is coupled to the door (12) via a resilient device (36,48,49), the threaded spindle (26) and nut (35) formed drive unit acts so that the pressure of the threaded spindle (26) applied by hand to the door a rotary movement without a motor drive, which the Adjusted the nut (35) and a displacement of the door (12) enables a device for locking the door (12) in the closed position a ratchet wheel (60) attached to the threaded spindle (26), which at least during the rotation of the Threaded spindle rotates with this during the opening cycle, as well as one with the ratchet wheel (60) interacting and on the Bracket (17) mounted pawl (61) which between a first position with engagement in the ratchet wheel (60) for locking the threaded spindle (26) against rotation during the Opening cycle and a second position is movable in which it releases the threaded spindle (26) to rotate, that the pawl (61) at the beginning of an opening cycle of a device (65) is movable into the second position, and that the pawl (61) during the opening cycle and substantially is held in the second position by a device (70) during the entire closing cycle. / 2 309846/0399 J » 2. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that between the threaded spindle (26) and the ratchet wheel (60) a unidirectional coupling (67) is arranged which allows the lead screw (26) to be overtaken as it rotates to close. 3. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η n- I think that to the compliant coupling device (56,48,49) a hanging bracket arrangement attached to the door (12) (36) and flexible devices (48, 48) arranged between this and the nut (35). 4. Door drive according to claim 3i, characterized in that that the flexible coupling device (36,48,49) two with spacing and on both sides of the Nut (35) attached to the door (12) hanging bracket (41) and between the nut (35) and each hanging bracket (41) a spring (48 or 49) belong. 5. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that the ratchet wheel (60) has a plurality of circumferentially spaced ratchet detents (62). 6. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that the device (65) for moving the pawl (61) is a magnet which, when energized with a Plunger core (66) engages the pawl (61) and moves it into the second position. 7. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that the device (70) for holding the pawl (61) in the second position on the The pawl (61) engaging and holding it, spring-loaded Holding lever is, and that one on the coupling device (36,48,49) arranged device (74) on / 3 309846/039 9 ORJQINAL INSPECT ©} 42 490 Λ Retaining lever (70) engages to the pawl (61) when the door (12) returns to the closed position. 8. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that on the holder (17) an emergency handle lever (83) is attached, which between a first or rest position and is movable to a second position in which it urges the pawl (61) into its second position. 9. Door drive according to claim 8, characterized in that that the emergency handle lever (8J) engages with an arm (86) on the door (12) to bring it into the open position to move. 10. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized geke η η-draw ₍ t that the threaded spindle (26) drives a limit switch actuator (100,101,102). 11. Door drive according to claim 10, characterized in that that for the limit switch actuating device (100,101,102) one attached to the threaded spindle (26) The worm (100) and a worm wheel (101) which meshes with the latter and is rotatably mounted on the holder (17) belong. 12. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that for the detection of obstacles one of the flexible coupling device (36,48,49) influenced Device (57) is present. 13. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that the motor (25) is connected directly to the threaded spindle (26) to this with the drive at the same speed. 14. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that a manually operated locking / 4 3098A6 / 0399 - * r- 42 490 80 232G2G6 The device (88) for locking the doors (12, 15) in the closed position has a locking bolt (90) which can be moved together with devices (95 »94) on the doors (12, 13) and interacts with them, and that a when the locking device (88) is actuated, the bypass or disconnection switch (95) which can be switched on and the doors (I2 _r 13) are closed, disconnects the door drive from the door locking system of the train. 3098 46/0399 SM Le e rs e ite