DE2351274A1 - Aqueous coolant - Google Patents

Description

VEB Petrolchemisches Kombinat Schwedt 133 Sohwedt

Inventor:

Prof, Dr, Ing.Guenter Pur see, 90 Karl-Marx-Stadt

Paul-Gerhard-Str. 9

Prof. Dr. Ing.Horst Weber, -801 Dresden

Ernst-Thaelraann-Str.

Dr. Ing.Hans-Georg Lutze, 90 Karl-Marx-Stadt

Ernst-Schneller-Str.

Dipl. Ing. Siegfried Steinhaeuser, 90 Karl-Marx-Stadt

Karl-vonrOssetzki-Str #

Aqueous cooling lubricant '' - ■■

The invention relates to an aqueous cooling lubricant for metal cutting.

It has already been proposed heavy metal electrolyte solutions in connection with surface-active substances and to use corrosion inhibitors as auxiliary materials for metal cutting. However, such combinations based on heavy metal electrolytes have the disadvantage that they are partly in Their physiological behavior are questionable and, moreover, they are used in the safe disposal of used ones Combinations of auxiliary substances require increased expenditure due to their poor cleavage properties. They can only be used in a closed device system will. ·

409633/0638

Furthermore, aqueous solutions of inhibitors are known, such as Sodium nitrate, ethanolsmin, triethanolamine and / or polyglycol and / or suitable additives such as metal halide to be used for metal cutting · These cooling lubricants however, either result in a service life that is too short or are only for a very special application suitable·

The purpose of the invention is to develop a coolant lubricant, that can be used in conventional device systems, and without increased expenditure after Eliminate consumption

The invention is based on the object of a cooling lubricant to develop, which allows the merits of the physiologically questionable cooling lubricants based on Sohwermetalelectrolyte to use, in addition to further increase the cutting performance, but at the same time can be discharged into the wastewater in a physiologically harmless manner and without complex pretreatment

It has been found that 1-2 % by mass of anhydrous metal salts or 1.5 to 6 % by mass, preferably 2.0-4.5% by mass of metal salts containing water of crystallization, the cation of which is preferably composed of metals of the 1 · and 2 · main and subgroup des Periodic table of the elements or mixtures of these and the anions sulfates, sulfides, nitrates, uitrites, chromates, plumbates, tungstates, vanadates, polyvanadates, molybdates, phosphates, mono- and dihydrogen phosphates, polymolybdates, borates, polyborates, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, bromides, Iodides, chlorides, chlorates, fluorides and rhodanides contain water alone as a high-quality cooling lubricant for metal cutting with geometrically defined or indefinite cutting edges.

409833 / 063Θ

The cations used are the elements of the 1st main and subgroups of the periodic table sodium, potassium, cesium, lithium, rubidium and the elements of the 2nd main and subgroup magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium and cadmium, as well as the elements copper, iron Zinc, tin and lead used · - ■ '-.-

The effectiveness of the cooling lubricant can be adapted to special conditions by adding 0.2 to 31 % of known inhibitors such as alkali nitrite, alkanolamines and * others Ca, Co * Pe, Cr ,. Zn, Sn and Pb are particularly suitable · Less suitable are the cations of, for example, Ua, Mg, K, Cd, Ca, Cs, Ba. .

Preferred anions are, for example, SO4 'φ HO "TmoO. And Polymolybdate VO" and polyvanadates, -. CrO. / PO ~~. CO. """Are less suitable, for example, Br", J ", NO," *, Cl ", F *, SCN", ClO ", BO" and S ~~ _# .

Surprisingly, however, it has been shown that a higher. Effective effect is achieved when constituents of the group of the good. suitable ions with components of the less suitable Ions are paired, i.e. well-suited cations with fewer suitable anions and vice versa

The solution according to the invention allows the machining performance to be increased further are harmless in their physiological behavior and can be safely put into the wastewater without significant pre-treatment be initiated·

409833/0636

The invention is intended below on the basis of some exemplary embodiments to be explained in more detail

example 1

With the resolution of

3.30 mass% Mg SO .. 7 HO and 96.7 mass% water was for example

. When drilling GGL 25, a tool life of 6.3 m was achieved.

"" 1 The cutting conditions were ν = 45 m. min

and s = 0.35 mm. u " ¹
Example 2

4 mass % Ha ₂ B ₄ O and

1% by mass of WapCO is dissolved in 95 % by mass of water with gentle warming. When grinding ruby corundum, the resulting cooling lubricant increased the end of service life from 43 m to 126 m and improved the surface roughness by 40 % compared to previous commercial products.

409833/0636

3 example 3

A cooling lubricant consisting of 3% by mass of KaJ ₄ O ₇ , 1 % by mass of NaJTO and 96 % water has a 20% lower surface roughness than comparable commercial products and an improvement in service life of 50 %,

Example 4

A cooling lubricant consisting of

4 mass % Li UO ₃

1 mass % Na ₃ WO 0.2 mass % MO ₂

5% by weight of monoethanolamine 89.8% by weight of water

allows a tool life of 3 »94 m during milling, while Drilling 4.42 m. The comparable tool life for a coolant lubricant based on heavy metal electrolytes is when milling 2.25 m and when drilling 2.75 m * He is also comparable with the tool lives mentioned in the other examples.

Example 5

A tool life of 9.15 m is obtained when drilling a cooling lubricant, which consists of

4 mass % Li ₃ 96 mass % water

consists.

- 6 ·. 409833/0636

Example 6
On off

0.5 mass. % Li ITO

3 mass % ITa BO ^ 0.2 mass % Na HO ₉ and 96.3 mass % water

existing cooling lubricant enables it when milling to achieve a tool life of 5.63 m.

Example 7

A mixture of

1.5 mass % Li HO, 0.2 cash % Ha ₃ B ₄ O ₇ . 10 H ₃ O

and 98.3 % by mass of water

For example, results in a tool life of 5.60 ir rr.it den at Praesen

—1 ■ _ - ^Λ Cutting conditions: a = 5 mm, η = 90 min, ν = 3b, 4 m · "in, U = 160 mm / min = 0.11 mm. Tooth When drilling GGL 25, a tool life resulted from 7.80 r. » The cutting conditions were: ν = 45 m · min ', s = 0.355 -x & · ^T - ' · When grinding G 60 with high-grade corundum grinding tools of type EK 32 Ii , the service life was increased from 57.8 m to 36.6 m compared to known auxiliary materials for production Furthermore, a 4-0% reduction in the surface roughness was found, ie a self-sharpening effect of the disc under the following cutting conditions

409833/0636

η = 2340 min " ¹

a = 0.03 mm s = 6.8 mm / rev

n _w - 120 min ¹

achieved.

Example 8

A cooling lubricant consisting of 97 % by mass of water, 3 % by mass of Ia ₂ B ₄ O ₇ and 1 % by mass enables tool life of 6.19 m for milling and 10.57 m for drilling.

Example 9

A solution consisting of

4 mass% Ia ₀ B 0

and

■ 0.8 mass %

L.

0.2 mass % Ca 95 mass % water

can be used as a cooling lubricant without inhibitors. When drilling, it allows a tool life. S, 25 m.

"Example ^ ¹ O

By adding 2 parts each of Mg SO ₄ and Na ₃ B ₄ O to 81.8 parts of water, nan obtains a cooling lubricant which enables a tool life of 7.3S m during milling.

3/0636

Example 11

By adding 5 parts of ITa ₀ BO ₇ and one part of HaTI ₀ P

CH I C

9.4 parts of water is an excellent aid zurr. Drilling and milling done.

Example 12

3 parts Na ₀ B, O ₁₇ , 1 part Na ₀ HPO, so v / i ο 1 part NaH ₀ PO, become ί 4 ι c 4 _r d η

dissolved in 95 parts of water with a hardness below 25 "dH and the solution received atir. Drilling and milling as metalworking oils t-t el used.

Example 13 ■

Aas 9C-, 7 "'asse % water 2.5 IV? Asse? 5 ITap3 O _7. ■ 1Π H _p 0 and 0.3 Tiasse % Na ₀ HPO _# 12 HO existing cooling oil ^{groove 4 oil}

c 4 ^

erinoeglicht, for example, with a drill of C 60 a ^ tand'.ve ^ of 5 πι under the following conditions ν = 40 πι. "in, s = 0.355 rrn · U ^ ¹ ux.d when drilling GGL 25 at ν = 45 ir., Wed.

- 1
s = 0.355 τπη. U a tool life of 10.50 rn. Furthermore, when milling 55 NiCrLTcYC, a Staixd '.. ug of 11.82 m was achieved.

a = 5 new, η = 30 Hiin " ¹ U = 100: im. n.in"" ¹ = 0.0? r; iu. tooth" ¹ ν = 35.4:; i. L'iin ""'

A09833 / 0636

Claims (7)

Claims £ 1. Aes ^ eriges cooling lubricant for the machining Metalworking "consisting of ",, Z- to 6% by mass, preferably 2 - 4» 5% by mass of one 1 to 2 % by mass of anhydrous metal as a metal salt or a metal salt containing water of crystallization or a Tietallsalzgemisehes, the cations preferably elements of the T. and 2nd main or subgroup of the periodic table and the anions preferably sulfates, sulfides, nitrates, nitrites, molybdates, polymolybdates , Vanadates, polyvanadates, chromates, phosphates, plumbates, mono- and dihydrogen phosphates, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, tungstates, borates, polyborates, bromides, iodides, uitrites, chlorides, chlorates, fluorides, sulfides and rhodanides and 94-99 % by mass of water. 2. Aqueous cooling lubricant according to claim 1, characterized marked that as' cations lithium, sodium, Potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, barium, zinc and Aluminum, cerium, "iron, copper" are used individually or in a mixture will. 3. Aqueous cooling lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of 1.5 to 4.0 parts Ia _? BO ₇ and 0.5 to 2.0 parts of Na ₂ HPO and 94 to 98 parts of water. 4 # Aqueous .Kühlschmiermittel according to claim 1, - characterized in that it consists of 1.5 to 4.0 parts of Na _? BO ₇ and 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Na H ₂ PO or 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Ua HpPO and Ha ₀ HPO and 94 to 98 parts of water. 409833/0636. ₂ - 5. Aqueous cooling lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 1.5 to 4 parts Ia ₉ BO, 0.5 to 2 parts NapCO and 94-93 TeSIe V / water, 6. Aqueous cooling lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that there is 1.5 to 4 parts Ia ₂ BO ₇ and 0.5 to 2 parts Na ₀ WO ^ and 94 to 98 parts V / water. 7. Aqueous cooling lubricant according to claim 1 to ί, characterized in that it consists of the said metal salts and water and 0.2-31 mass? O preferably 8 to 31 mass % of known inhibitors, w-: alkali metal nitrites and organic bases. 409833/0636