DE2349409A1 - DINING FACILITIES - Google Patents

Description

Feed device TR 072 The invention relates to a feed device consisting of a conveyor trough with moving endless conveyor chain with and outlet opening as well as a pouring chute arranged above the inlet opening, especially for the metered feeding of screenings into incinerators.

It is common today to put a relatively large proportion of sewage sludge together to burn with the garbage.

Through the constant expansion of the sewer system and through the Connection to all possible sources of pollution can be found at a The first coarse rake of the sewage treatment plants was a component of the that up until now was neglected urban garbage, these are pieces of clothing, pieces of wood, cords, blades of grass, Tins, bottles, etc., mixed with a large proportion of earthy components. In large systems, this backlog is automatically removed, whereby one also wants to dispose of this waste by incineration.

In a dried state, these screenings cannot physically either with the actual sewage sludge can still be compared with the garbage.

The proportion of water is variable and can be the same or even be greater than the solid content. Power in relation to the garbage to be burned this screenings, however, only make up a negligibly small proportion, so that a constant Introducing the still wet screenings into the incinerator only leads to unnecessary disturbances the combustion process would lead and the introducer more than necessary would be burdened by the heat.

Usually, therefore, this screenings is accumulated in order to follow it two or three days in the cremation chamber The main difficulty lies in the dosed icing. Charging a combustion chamber with a The temperature in the combustion chamber would be too large at the moment when the amount of wet screenings is too large very much humiliate. If the temperature falls to 500 ° to 600 ° C, the cerumen substances become not it is eliminated satisfactorily. The feed of the screenings must therefore be dosed carried out to keep the temperature at a constant cave can be held.

A well-known metering element used for a similar purpose points at least partially in a V-shape over a chain or a belt running sponsors. The aim of this is to make a compulsory move in from very difficult goods to be conveyed. At the transition between the inlet gutter and the trough conveyor a second conveyor chain is in turn arranged, which is a forced takeover of the withdrawn goods.

The disadvantage here is the fact that the individual elements are in front especially the conveyor chain links, due to the forced pulling in and conveying very much can often be damaged. The large number of auxiliary conveying elements creates a very complex construction. Several drives have to be arranged.

The whole infiltration system is prone to failure.

There is also a known solution, where screenings through a Schunpen belt - the incinerators are fed. One tries with dosing bullying the layer height and thus the dosing rate on the up to one meter wide belt to control.

In practically all incineration plants, the important plant parts, in particular the incinerators, designed in duplicate. The decommissioning of Has incinerators as has recently been confirmed again, sometimes devastating consequences. The garbage that only accrues in a few weeks from a bigger one City yields such large quantities that a dismantling, after recommissioning of the Investment is only possible for months. The incinerators are therefore almost entirely built in duplicate.

It is therefore required of a screenings travel facility that two ovens can be loaded alternately.

However, the aforementioned chute conveyor belt has a simple structure for this purpose unable. In particular, the barn belt conveyors can handle difficult goods do not convey in both directions, otherwise screenings between the individual chutes can impose itself. The most advantageous and desirable arrangement in itself an inlet opening in the middle of the dosing conveyor and an optional feeder the two ovens is therefore not possible with the Schunnen belt.

It is also known a mechanical metering device, which over a conveyor belt or a chain has a chain moved against the inlet, which exclusively has a dosing task. This solution would not be suitable for screenings, since the Backward moving chain especially the larger and possibly the lighter parts hold back and basically cause a de-nection.

Another known solution is with a spiked one reinforced Grains that move in the opposite direction to the conveyor chain, an equalization the conveying layer height is reached.

By a subsequently arranged and driven in the conveying direction An attempt is made to achieve an exact dosage on the roller.

Although there was a small free space above the spiked grain is available, this dosing device, especially with Rechenugt, clogging up very quickly and thus failing the service. The main purpose of this device is to equalize what has already been dosed Bulk solids.

The invention is also based on the object of a feed device to be designed in such a way that it is difficult to create a gully without mechanical aids can be removed in order to dispense it after delivery in a metered manner via the outlet opening so without compulsory aids.

The inventive solution is characterized in that the Sneiseeinrichtung a relief space open towards the pouring chute, with a arranged horizontally and transversely to the conveying direction in the area of the pouring chute Has dividers and that the relief space is at least partially in the conveying direction is limited by a lying roller.

With very simple means, the product suction from a The pouring chute and the dosed delivery of very difficult goods can be solved. All only imaginable proportions occurring in the screenings could, provided their dimensions smaller than that Trough cross-section was, with a according to the invention trained test facility can be easily dispensed from a pouring chute.

All experiments with a wide variety of known inlet forms in the conveyor trough fail in the absence of mechanical aids. The screenings will in the known devices by the conveyor chain moving in the conveyor trough against the end wall of the pouring chute pressed. The screenings remain at the inflow point from the vertical wall of the pouring chute to the horizontal conveyor trough. From this end side, the screenings begin layer by layer over the circulation chain to lay off. A bridge of high strength is created so that it slips is prevented from further material. The very numerous solid components in the Screenings can also lead to local damage because they are trapped somewhere will. The pressures caused by the conveyor chain are also so great that the screenings are heavily drained and can no longer flow afterwards.

No such bridges are created with the device according to the invention more. The screenings are removed from the pouring chute without any problems and are dosed fed into the incinerator.

The chain now conveys the screenings in the solution according to the invention against the relief space that opens up against the pouring chute, and against the Divider, which is, as it were, in front of the relief space. Part of the good becomes pulled through under the divider and conveyed away. The screenings also receive a slightly upward pushing force exactly against the point where with the known Solutions the setting of the bridges began. In the solution according to the invention is ; However, it is precisely at this dangerous point that the one that is open after the pouring-in chute Relief space, where part of the goods moves at a lower speed. After reaching a certain size, it falls down as a loose ball of dirt and is captured by the lower layer and transported away.

In a very advantageous embodiment, the roller is from the product self-propelled and acts, set a little lower than the upper edge of the shaft trough, as a dosing point. Only as much product can be transported away as through the conveyor chain at a predetermined speed through the, through the rotating roller formed metering gap can be drawn. After the rotating roller the screenings can again increase in volume by a small value, so that Jamming in the downstream conveyor shaft can be effectively prevented.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the relief space is through the divider into upper and lower passages with an area ratio of 2: 1 formed.

ts has also proven to be advantageous, the cross-sectional area of the relief space transverse to the conveying direction between 50% and 100% of the cross-sectional area of the delivery trough.

The free passage through the relief space should in any case be larger than the objects to be conveyed.

Although based on the relief space that formed by the divider upper passage in this very advantageous embodiment is larger than that lower passage) is the upper passage based on the total height between the conveyor trough floor and relief space upper edge smaller.

With the solution according to the invention one is able to produce any formation to prevent possible bridges right from the start.

The screenings pushed by the chain over the divider do not find any Starting point for the formation of a bridge, as for relaxation in the relief space There is enough space available, and the screenings pushed over the divider will also be continuously recorded and transported away with the conveyor.

In a further embodiment, the conveyor trough has two inclines Floor pieces, each arranged at an angle of about 300 to the horizontal and which are roughly the same size as a middle piece of soil.

The middle bottom piece advantageously corresponds approximately to Width of a conveyor chain.

Furthermore, it is very advantageous to have those that run parallel to the conveying direction Side walls of the pouring in, pour in height up to the transition of the sloping floor pieces to lead to the middle floor piece. The side walls should, however, only at most be led into the relief area by an insignificant amount, with which the Effect of the relief space is significantly increased by precisely when crossing a double relief was created from the pouring chute into the actual conveyor trough Because the trough shape with the two sloping floor pieces along the entire length of the conveyor trough is maintained, the once withdrawn from the pouring chute Product unhindered, even over long distances, with minimal energy consumption be transported away.

In a further, very advantageous embodiment. will be several Water injection nozzles along the uppermost part of the parallel to the conveying direction Side walls of the pouring chute arranged Although a known pouring chute Dousing the rake good or individual parts of the pouring chute does not have any notable success could bring the entire intake of the product with the inventive Solution to be improved in a surprising @ way. In particular, a sen @ size Performance increase. Observations in the pouring chute and through side openings in the relief space confirm the beneficial effect of adding liquid The divider represents an actual resistance for the screenings Water added to the pouring chute moistens the side walls of the chute on the one hand. This results in a more favorable sliding property between the screenings and the inlet channel, In a lightly pressed state, adding water can give the screenings a a more lumpy structure. The lightly torn and pushed over the divider Screenings break off very easily in the relief space and can get between the roller and the lower screenings layer are recorded and transported away. The 'add water therefore causes not only an improvement in the sliding property, but also an substantial increase in operational safety, especially with regard to product intake regards. The advantages of the solution according to the invention can therefore be very much be exploited in a stronger way.

The divider acts as a resistor. At the opposite to the conveying direction Small deposits were found on the side of the divider. The adherent However, the good layer did not exceed a certain size. Longer i1I: screenings often Clothing items such as women's stockings can be found on the divider impose. You would '): e'doci through the strong deadweight effect of directly with the Chain of moving material layer pulled through under the divider and transported away, very The arrangement of a divider in the form of a pipe or has proven advantageous Round iron proved, elongated components of the screenings are simply through the material being conveyed is grasped at one end and pulled around it.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference is made to the figures shown Embodiments pointed out: Figure 1 shows the feed device in longitudinal section.

FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows a section of the pouring chute with a water injection nozzle.

FIG. 4 shows the part of the relief space of FIG. 1 on a larger scale Distance.

In Figure 1 is a screenings conveyor with a horizontal conveyor trough 1 as well as a sliding trough 2 with moving endless conveyor chain 3 with crossbars 3 'shown. Screening material is entered into a pouring chute 4 with the conveyor chain 3 transported through the conveyor trough 1 to the right and via an outlet 5, a Slide 6 fed into an incinerator 7. The incinerator 7 knows one Grate 8, which holds back the unburned screenings in the upper part, the ashes but allows it to pass downwards. The conveyor trough 1 is at the top with a lid 9 closed. The conveyor chain 3 is driven by a drive motor 10, a belt 11 and a drive wheel 12 are driven. On the opposite of the drive wheel 12 Side is a pulley 13. As in Figure 1, and in Figure 2 in a larger The scale shown is at the transition from the pouring chute 4 into the conveyor trough 1 a relief space 14 is arranged, the upper part by a roof 15 in the conveying direction do by a retaining wall 16 against the inlet gutter open and partially through a Roller 17 is limited. The roller 17 can be supported on the outside or, for example, through two pillow blocks 19 are held, which are arranged on the outside of the trough 1. In the area the pouring chute 4, the relief space 14 also has a divider 20. That Screenings are thrown into the pouring chute 4 with the grippers of an excavator, where it falls down

At the same time, the conveyor chain 3 is set in motion. The promotion starts immediately. The pushing force of the conveyor chain is transferred to the lower part in the pourable pouring pouring screenings and causes a promotion in the lowest layer and afterwards at the top a damming opposite the divider 20. The roller 17 has an actual metering effect, since no more product is withdrawn can be considered the height between the coal 17 and the conveyor trough bottom 22 corresponds. The screenings now have the tendency to slide partially over the divider 20. Take the one that forms above the divider If the overhang has a certain naughtiness, it falls involuntarily due to its own weight away. In most cases the roller @@ will be designed to be rotatable. In the screenings located cords or items of clothing can by the rotatable roller 17 or the screenings moving below are recorded and drawn in. After the divisor 20 the flow of material moving across the divider no longer finds any resistance. In the 20 part, the flow of material moving over the divider @@ is actually in the relief space 14 relieved. The possible pressing effects in the subsequent Prevent conveyor trough 1 thereby; that one moves the roller 17 by a small distance of in most cases at most a few cm deeper than the cover 9 of the conveyor trough 1 sets. The amount of conveyed product drawn in is reduced. The sliding effect the conveyor chain is capable of the screenings through the metering point formed by the fulling machine 17 compress something. After the rotatable roller 17, however, there is a slight expansion of the product, so that it is loosened in the subsequent conveyor trough Conditions can be transported away.

According to a further design concept, the conveyor trough can be divided into two sloping floor pieces 22, 23 are divided, both at an angle of approx. 300 are arranged opposite a corresponding central arch piece 24. It is now has a great advantage, the width of the conveyor chain 3, i.e. the largest dimension over the crossbars 3 ' about the same size as the middle bottom @@ ck 24 run.

In an industrially carried out experiment with this embodiment a very interesting observation to be made. The chain takes place in the screenings very different resistances, so once on the left and another Times more must be pulled on the right side of the trough. Now there is no lateral at all There is a guide for the chain 3, as is otherwise the case with the trough chain conveyors is common, there is a rolling motion. This movement has an advantageous effect Shaking the screenings. With it one could observe that even the impossible Objects such as plastic canisters, bottles, etc. can be transported away without any problems could. Even longer pieces of wood stay somewhere on the path for a short time . They are transported step by step by the rolling movement described until they reach the incinerator 7 through the outlet 5.

The pouring gutter has 2 parallel vertical walls 25, respectively.

26, which are transverse to the conveying direction. It has now proven to be great proved advantageous, the other two walls 27 and 28, the longitudinal to the conveying direction run, to be arranged at an angle of approx. 700 to the horizontal.

Another improvement can be achieved by having the two Walls 27 resp. 28 to the transition of the middle bottom piece 24 to the two lateral bottom pieces 22, 23 of the conveyor trough are performed. Especially with this one Measure of guiding he inclined side walls 27 and 28 bXs on the bottom piece 24 the relief effect of the relief space 14 doubled. The screenings, if it penetrates through the divider # into the relief space 14, can expand in all directions. With these measures even goods are confiscated which up to now have been considered unnecessary for the promotion by means of conveyor chains became. A new way of solving the problem has opened up, for example for the introduction of the screenings into the incinerators.

One of the main points, however, is the dosed input of the screenings in the incinerator 7, this point becomes particular with the solution according to the invention successfully solved. Despite the very large differences in the nature of the Relatively accurate dosing can be carried out on screenings. All parts of the are smaller than the free cross-section of the trough can easily be removed from the pouring chute peeled off and fed into the oven. The main advantage of the invention However, the solution also lies in the fact that the trough chain conveyor is reversible just in this case can be exploited in a very ideal way. By double Arrangement of the solution according to the invention can be two ovens placed next to one another fed in the same way. The drive motor 10, not shown, is for this purpose equipped with a # change gear. The direction of conveyance is changed with a single switch movement.

Long pieces of wood often accumulate in the screenings. The Förderkelte ? is historically composed of a multitude of individual links. It could now have a soqenann on every single link <- the crosspiece 3 1 are welded on. It has proven to be very beneficial, especially for this screenings proven not to attach a crossbar @@ to every chain link. Proved best the arrangement of a crossbar 3 'on 2 set links alternately with a crossbar 3 for 3 chain links. It is known that the screenings are region by region may have a different composition. There are e.g.

very typical small town compositions. Mostly are now it is precisely the compositions of the smaller cities that are more unpleasant for the mechanical ones Road transport than those of the big cities. The geometric arrangement of the relief space as well as the divider and the rotatable roller must therefore take into account the respective conditions However, there are still certain very favorable conditions emphasized The cross-sectional area of the relief space should be between 50 and 100% of the cross-sectional area of the conveyor trough. The most advantageous arrangement the divider 20 with respect to the relief space 14 has an upper free Passage of 2/3 and a lower free passage of 1/3 proved.

These ratios resulted with screenings from small-town Circumstances. It is now possible that if there is a significant change in the screenings these conditions must also be adapted to the circumstances. Of course the solution according to the invention could also be used for other products similar to the screenings be used, for example, for the garbage itself. With all of these arrangements it must be possible to guarantee a maximum size of the objects. in one complete closed public sewer network is this indication from the dimensions of the individual Sewage connections given. The divider 20 itself should, if possible, have a sundial fort. It it would be conceivable to let the divider 20 itself rotate as well as the roller 17. In in practice, however, it has not yet proven to be necessary. Because the main task of the divider 20 yes in the opposition of a low resistance in the flow of conveyed goods is, an actual relief of the relief space 14, as well as in the division of the material flow in a lower actual conveying part and in an upper one Relief part. The roller 17 is advantageously rotatably mounted. For very harmless things It would still be conceivable to use the fixed stand wall instead of the rotatable roller 17 with a bracket approximately adapted to the shape of the roller 17 to close to below the lid 9 of the trough. In most cases, however, the composition over time of the screenings cannot be guaranteed, it should be technically up to now best solution can be provided with the rotating roller. It would also be conceivable instead of the rotatable roller driven by the material itself, one end of the To extend the roller in order to connect an external drive. The speed the one would artificially impose on the roller, however, had to be in a certain relation stand at the conveyor chain speed, otherwise there would be a risk that through too much product is drawn in the rotatable roller. This could result in pressings in the subsequent conveyor trough result. It is also conceivable depending on the nature the screenings of the roller have a smooth or a rough or even toothed one To give surface. The roller 17 can be equipped with a scraper 18 at the same time be.

In order not to get any heat loss, and also to protect the entire computing power supply system Not subjecting the incinerator to unnecessary heat stress becomes beneficial Aprons 21 or any barrier means used to open the passage for the to block hot exhaust gases through all possible passages in the funnel 4, im especially if there are interruptions in the screenings conveyance for any reason develop. If the Rechengutfö rderung turned off, the slide 6 respectively. 6t to be closed automatically. Of course, it would also be conceivable that To provide pouring chute 4 with a sluice-like lid in order to avoid any heat and to switch off exhaust gas losses via the screenings feed device.

Claims (16)

Patent / protection claims 1. Feeding device, consisting of a conveyor trough with ~ moving endless conveyor chain with inlet and outlet openings as well as one above the inlet opening arranged pouring chute, especially for the metered feeding of screenings in incinerators, characterized in that the feeding device has a counter the pouring chute (4) open relief space (14) with one in the area of the pouring chute (4) has dividers (20) arranged transversely to the conveying direction and horizontally, and that the relief space (14) in the conveying direction at least partially by a horizontal Roller (17) is limited. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller (17) is rotatably mounted. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lowermost Line of the rotatable roller (17) lies below the cover (9) of the conveyor trough (1). 4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that A baffle plate (16) is arranged above the rotatable roller (17). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the diameter of the rotatable roller (17) is a multiple of the diameter of the Divider (20) is, however, at least greater than the Xeiler diameter. 6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the through the divider (20) bounded upper passage (c) and the lower passage (d) of the relief space (14) have an area ratio of 2: 1 to each other. 7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the divider (20) has a rounded shape. 8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the relief space (14) transversely to the conveying direction between 50 ß and 100% of the cross-sectional area of the conveyor trough (1). 9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the in Side walls (27, 28) of the pouring chute (4) running in the conveying direction are approximately 700 inclined to the horizontal and led to the bottom (24) of the Böriertroges (1) are. 10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor trough S13 has two inclined bottom pieces (22, 23), each at an angle of approximately 300 are arranged to the horizontal and which are approximately a middle in size Correspond to the bottom piece (24). 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the middle bottom piece (243 approximately the width of the crossbars (3 ') of the conveyor chain (3) is equivalent to. 12. Device according to claims 9 and 11, characterized in that that the side walls (27, 28) running parallel to the conveying direction up to the transition of the inclined base pieces (22, 23) are guided to the central base piece (24). 13. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the A pipe (30) with water injection nozzles (31) is arranged. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that several Water injection nozzles (31) along the uppermost part of the parallel to the conveying direction extending side walls (27, 28) of the pouring chute are arranged. 15. Device according to claim 1 with a reversibly drivable Conveyor chain, characterized by the mirror-inverted arrangement of two relief areas (14). 16. Device according to claim 1, characterized by its equipment with shut-off means for the purpose of heat and exhaust gas escapes from the incinerator to prevent.