DE2343775A1 - CAST ASPHALT AND ITS PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Description

Mastic asphalt and its production

Mastic asphalt is mainly used in road construction to to form the .carriageway. He will be at a 'temperature above Poured at 200 ° C and does not have to be compacted after pouring.

Asphalt concrete consists of fillers and aggregates as well as a bituminous binder. The mineral aggregates have a wide variety Teilchengrößenverteilun _o s. As SURCHARGES ₀ materials are those particulate materials referred to, which üieb Afnor through a 20 not pass, but through the Afnor sieves 21 to 4-2. The bituminous binder is a hydrocarbon compound, which consists of maltenes (oils), resins and asphaltenes. The filler is a very fine-grained material with particle size diameters smaller than 80 / U. A filler thus passes through an Afnor cover 20. In the classic asphalt concrete, the filler is generally of a mineral nature, for example a lime material, but this is not absolutely necessary. It can also consist of coal, coke or natural or synthetic, scaled-down polymers which are not soluble in the bituminous binder.

409818/0747

Gussasphalt has been used for a long time. The size is produced centrally at a temperature between 220 and 250 ° C and brought to the respective place of use by means of suitable, heated vehicles. Hiacher keep the u-emic at a temperature between 210 and 230 ⁰ G.

The mixture is poured on sort Verwendun ^ and on a larger width nit help of a -je jebenenf alls heated Verteilerb all: ens applied.

Mastic asphalt can, for example, add the following: " on v / eis en:

(üplit 2/12 nm: aggregate (:

(oana:

JO weight - ^c / o

ij'üllstoif

25 wt. -70

Binders

(Bitumen nit

(a pen-

(tration of

(40/50

(Trinidad asphalt

3 parts by weight per 100 parts of aggregate and filler

2 parts by weight 100 parts each of aggregate and filler.

The bitumen comes from petroleum. The Trinidad asphalt used generally contains more than 40 percent kinetic substances. Its ball and entrance softening point is at one Temperature above 70 ° C. The penetration is 25 ° C r .. t after 10.

409818/0747

Gußasplialte are usually completely compact on, d. H. no cavities, which gives a complete impermeability and a remarkable resistance faced S al ζ influences and atmospheric influences, guaranteed in particular by frost. Beyond that they are little deformed by heavy static loads and they become very resistant to the effects of studded tires. Furthermore, they can be made from mastic asphalt Roadways or other floor coverings are designed to be completely flat and without any joints.

However, there are two main drawbacks. The surface of the roadway or the flooring must be grooved or roughened to make them non-slip, what the formation of ice at cold times of the year and its formation favors very small puddles of water, which create clouds of water behind vehicles. In addition, form by material creeping out wheel marks in those places where wheels roll most often.

The roughening or grooving of the surface can through Avoid using a rough road surface based on poured asphalt, which is obtained by walking on the poured mastic asphalt bitumen-coated split, which is pressed into the surface by the wheels rolling over it will.

The formation of traces described has not yet been able to be prevented with any mastic asphalt, and indeed neither with help a certain mastic asphalt composition with a special one Application of the mastic asphalt.

The object of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantageous mechanical property of mastic asphalt, i. H. of hot-cast Asphalt concrete to fix.

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_ Zj. _

The invention is based on the knowledge that the replacement the commonly used Trinidad asphalt leads through hard asphalt to a mastic asphalt, from which roads or Other floor coverings can be produced which have a considerably improved resistance to the formation of traces demonstrate.

Hard asphalts are substances that are rich in hard asphalts. Under asphalts are again to understand those substances that are soluble in carbon disulfide and benzene and from hydrocarbons containing these substances Batches using slightly saturated hydrocarbons, in particular pentanes, hexanes, heptanes or mixtures of these Products that are precipitated in the cold or separated in the heat. That part of asphalts which is insoluble in n-heptane is called hard asphalt.

The mastic asphalt according to the invention, consisting of filling and aggregates and binders is characterized in that Trinidad asphalt is replaced by hard asphalt in the binder is.

This mastic is prepared according to the invention characterized in that is added during the mixing of fillers and additives and the binder at a temperature above 200 ⁰ G hard asphalt instead of Trinidad asphalt as a binder component.

The usable for producing the Inventive according en mastic asphalt hard asphalts have a melting temperature between 100 and 200 ⁰ C, Ball and Ring softening points of 135-235 ° C corresponds. The melting temperature is preferably above 120.degree. The hard asphalts have a content of Hartasphaltenen greater than 50 ° / o on.

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The replacement of Trinidad asphalt by Hart asphalt e leads to hardening of the binder and consequently the heterogeneous phase consisting of binder and filler, which has the task of filling the cavities in the aggregate and to ensure the cohesion of the asphalt concrete.

The hard asphalts can be added at any time during the painting, for example following the addition of the other ingredients. In contrast to these, it is advantageous to add the hard asphalts before adding
do not preheat to avoid agglutination. Hit a agglutinated not by heating powder a homo ₀ ene dispersion is easier to achieve. The warming favors
also the oxidation of the kartasphalt.

The hard asphalts only need to be added in small amounts. Adding them is already beneficial noticeable when only five parts per 100 parts hydrocarbon binder be introduced.

As is known, Trinidad asphalt contains about 50 weight percent of mineral substances which are insoluble iia binder, and at a temperature of 200 ⁰ G. These substances
put in the phase consisting of binder and filler
an additional filler. So Trinidad asphalt can
replaced by hard asphalt and an additional filler
will.

It is not critical which hydrocarbon binder is used, since each such binder
the invention provides an improvement. However, the production of asphalt concrete with satisfactory mechanical properties requires the use of binders whose penetration is between 40 and 300, in particular between 40 and 100, the penetration according to Afnor-ilori: 5004

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^ Eiaessen is.

The following examples of the invention are üpx · './eiteren terim _o.

example 1

Asphalt concrete is produced, and a binding agent strangled at a temperature of ToO 0 is added to the fillers and fillers which have been dried at an opening of 250 ° C. Then nichtvcrjeuLii ^ vbe hard asphalt e are added if necessary. The Janse is z \ iei LI-utes mixed in a heated mixer, * in which a Semperatiu of etv, there is a 23> ° C.

The material used is a Granules 0-10 obtained from the following fractions is:

Granules; 6th , 3 / 10 Granulate: 2 / 3 Sand : 0 / 4th (crushed) Sand : 0 / 6, 3 (rolled) Filler: < . 8C _V u •

The particle size distribution is defined by the fact that in the case of the filler 27% of the grains pass through an Afnor sieve 20, while in the case of the aggregate 45 % of the grains through an Afnor sieve 28, 55 % of the grains through an Afnor sieve 34 and 67 Pass the grains through a 4-0 Afnor sieve.

In this way, the ones given in the following table 1 are given Asphalt concrete produced:

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Table I.

Asphalt concrete ^T I O, I. 1 II III 1 IV 0 V 1 VI VII 0 Additional filler 0 7, 0 7th 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 VJI Hard asphalt 0 5 , 0 7th , 0 7th , 5 7th , 0 1 Bitumen 40/50 7.3 3 , 3 7.3 , 3 0 0 , 3 Bitumen 80/100 0 0 0 0 0 , 3 , 3 7th 0 Trinidad asphalt 2 0 0 Θ 0 0 0

These asphalt concretes are molded in accordance with the standard of the Laboratoire Central at a temperature of about 235 ° C des Ponts et Chaussees to make specimens. These specimens are not compacted, only lightly tamped to level the top surface.

The compactness of the specimens is given in Table II and is defined as follows:

Measured concrete density Theoretical concrete density

χ 100

The densities are measured by immersion.

The theoretical concrete density is calculated from the density of each component and the content of this component in the concrete calculated.

These test pieces are made according to the DUEIEZ method at a temperature of 18 ° 0 in air and in water on the Investigated compression resistance. In the same way, the compression resistance in air at a temperature of 30 and 50 ° C examined. The results are also given in Table II.

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Table II

asphalt
concrete ^T I I. II III IY V Vl VII compactness 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.0 93.0 Compression resistance
(kg / cm ² )
in air
at 18 ⁰ C: C 85 92 100 130 116 76 89 97 in water
at 18 ⁰ C: I. 91 101 110 143 122 82 95 102 i / c 1.07 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.05 1.08 1.07 1.05 in air
at 30 ° C 45 59 62 77 in air
at 50 ⁰ C 15th 24 26th 28

It can be seen that concretes I to IV and VI as well as VII have a greater compressive strength than the comparative concrete Tj. Replacing Trinidad asphalt with hard asphalt is therefore beneficial. The comparison of the _{results obtained with concrete T 1} and concrete VI also shows that replacing 2 parts by weight of Trinidad asphalt with 1 part by weight of hard asphalt allows the use of a softer 80/100 binder instead of a 40/50 binder, which is easy to use is extremely beneficial.

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Example II

Samples of the type of concrete Tj, I, II and III specified in Example I are examined for permeability .

This is done according to the Laboratoire method
Central des Ponts et Chaussees produced specimen with
exposed to a pressure of 2 m water column at a height of 7 cm and determined the speed of water passage through the specimen. The results are given in Table III.

On cubic test pieces with sides of 7 cm each, which were poured at a temperature of 230 ° C and not compacted but only tamped 1-lightly
Penetration attempts made. A mandrel with a square cross-section and a side length of 5 cm is pressed for minutes with a force of 52 kg into the respective test piece, which is kept at a temperature of 40 ^{° C.} The depth of the resulting impression is measured.

The results of these tests are also shown in the table III stated.

Table III

Asphalt concrete ¹ I. I. II III Permeability
(cm / s) 2.10- ¹⁰ 3.10- ¹⁰ 8.10- ¹⁰ 5.10- ¹⁰ Penetration (mm) 1.2 0.9 o, 7 0.5

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It turns out that the asphalt concretes according to the invention I, II and III have a slightly higher penetration resistance on iron than the comparative concrete Tj.

Example III

The concretes Tj, I, II and III are at a temperature ' from 230 C to test pieces with the dimensions 4 cm χ 18 era χ 50 cm poured. A compression does not take place, but just a slight pounding.

tiller a large area of each specimen that is on
a temperature is maintained von 40 ⁰ C, is allowed to run a 3aä, - the tire is inflated with a pressure of 5 "* bsi.
The wheel is loaded with a vertical force of 500 da η. The bath runs over the sample area once per second
and here.

After 150,000 movements back and forth, ah after
300 000 overflows of the wheel over the sample ε tückf lache, is
measure the profile of the wheel track. Table IV shows the total amplitude of the deformation in the vertical direction. The compactness for / u-the examined concrete is also listed.

Table IV

Asphalt concrete ^T I I. II III IV compactness 97.1 97.5 97.1 96.7 96.0 Ge s aiat ampl itude
deformation (min) 30.5 5.2 11.3 10.6 6.3

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BATH

The determination of compactness by weighing and Measuring these specimens gives values which of those badges. determined by immersion. and are given in Examples I and II.

It ze i ^ t that the erf indungsgerifUEen mastic asphalt e I bio IV ^ e ^ enüber the Vereleiclisjußasphalt ^f i? J of conventional composition having a much higher resistance to your impressions of tracks. In particular, reference should be made to the extraordinary behavior of mastic asphalt I, in which two parts by weight of Trinidad asphalt are offset by 0.5 parts by weight of hard asphalt.

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Claims (2)

Expectations 1. üu2r.Gpliali;, ordering from I ¹ UIl- and aggregates as well as binders, thereby eheniizeicliiiet that in the binder Trinidad asphalt is replaced bycli ilartasplialt. 2. Method of production of the cast asphalt according to claim 1, daäurcli ^ ekeniiseiciuiei; that "when Iiischen the 5 ¹ UIl- and aggregates and the binder at a temperature above 200 ⁰ C liartssplialt instead of Trinidad asphalt as a binder component ^ ujeü 'just becomes. 409818/0747