DE2214409A1 - PROCESS FOR EVEN, FROSTING-EFFECT-FREE, CONTINUOUS COLORING OF CARPETS MADE OF POLYAMIDE FIBERS WITH CARRIER MATERIAL MADE OF HYDROPHOBIC FIBERS - Google Patents

Description

FARBWERKE HOECHST AG. formerly Meister Lucius & Brüning file number: - HOE 72 / F 092

Date: March 20, 197? Dr. CZ / stl

Process for the uniform, frosting-effect-free, continuous dyeing of carpets made of polyamide fibers with carrier material made of hydrophobic fibers

In the continuous dyeing of carpets made of polyamide fibers or their mixtures (e.g. needle felt, shag, velor, loop pile or high-and-low goods with or without cut Loops) difficulties always arise with regard to the equality and the appearance of the goods when these carpet qualities on a carrier material (back fabric or nonwoven material) made of cheap, rot-proof and mechanically resistant hydrophobic fibers, e.g. polypropylene fibers, have been manufactured. The so-called "gray haze" or "frosting effect" is particularly noticeable here, which consists in the fact that fibers on the surface of the carpet material that do not protrude from the pile or their Ends, not or only weakly colored; the dyed goods then show an uneven appearance, especially in the overview Looks like frosted. The cause of this phenomenon is to be found in the fact that the dye liquor applied during dyeing sags through the pile, as a result of which sustained contact between the liquor and the entire fiber is disturbed. The addition of auxiliaries and thickeners to the dye liquor alone is - as practical experience has shown - obvious insufficient to overcome these difficulties.

It has now been found that in the continuous dyeing of carpets made of synthetic or natural polyamide fibers alone or in a mixture with other fiber components, with carrier material made of hydrophobic fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers, with anionic dyes and dye fixation

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in connection with a steaming process, the frosting effect can then be switched off and uniform colors on the goods are obtained if an aqueous liquor containing wetting agents, foam-forming and foam-retaining auxiliaries and thickeners, immediately before application of the dye solution or together with the same at room temperature foams or anaerweitig on the dry fiber material and the goods treated in this way, if necessary after application of the dye liquor, then the action of saturated steam at temperatures of 102 to 105 ° C with formation a consistent, air-containing and closed foam layer on the carpet surface of 20 to 150 mm, preferably 50 to 120 mm, height exposes.

The most essential point for the feasibility of the present invention is the formation of a during the Fixation of the dyes in the heat-resistant foam layer, which holds the dye solution in place and prevents it from sagging. The expansion of the enclosed air bubbles causes the to expand during steaming Dye-containing foam, which then envelops the fibers in their entire length with the dye liquor and thereby the frosting effect counteracts. The selection of auxiliaries and thickeners, the amount used and the amount used for spraying or the Formation of the foam The amount of air entrapped is of decisive importance for the effect of the process. The consistency of the foam must not be significantly reduced in the heat when steaming.

For the implementation of the claimed process in practice, there are two-stage as well as one-stage working methods to disposal:

In the two-stage principle - spraying the combination of auxiliaries and only then applying the actual dyeing liquid - the pretreatment liquor is applied to the surface of the dry goods (raw or pre-washed) as foam at room temperature and with the appropriate setting of the spray nozzles in such a way that the amount of liquor applied is 100 % of the

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Total weight of the carpet. The amount of the resulting Foam layer before steaming should be 2 to 15 mm, preferably 10 mm. According to the invention, the pre-spray liquors generally contain per liter of water

1-10 g, preferably 2.5-5 g, of an anionic or nonionic wetting and foaming agent, advantageously oleylmethyItaurine, furthermore the reaction products of 1 mole of nonylphenol with 6-15 moles of ethylene oxide, of 1 mole of castor oil with 36 moles of ethylene oxide, of 1 mole of oleyl alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of stearyl alcohol with 25 moles of ethylene oxide;

1-10 g, preferably 2.5-5 g, of a nonionic wetting agent, e.g. the reaction product of 1 mol Isotridecyl alcohol with 8 moles of ethylene oxide

2 - 10 g, preferably 3 - 5 g, of a thickening agent, e.g. based on a cellulose or carob bean gum.

The dye liquor ( 100-300% of the weight of the goods) is then applied to the goods without foaming using a suitable applicator. In addition to the anionic dyes, this liquor also contains one liter of water

2 - 10 g, preferably 3 - 5 g »of a thickening agent, e.g. an etherified cellulose or locust bean gum product,

and is adjusted to pH around 5 with acetic acid. According to the process, the dye solution can be used in the same way how the pre-treatment liquor is sprayed onto the goods.

The dyes are fixed by steaming for up to 10 minutes with saturated steam at 102-105 ° C, with the should not fall below the lower limit of this temperature range. The height of the foam layer increases

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the first third of the steaming time by a multiple of the original amount, only to collapse again towards the end of the steaming process. The final treatment of the dyeings produced is carried out in the usual way.

In the one-step procedure - direct spraying of the combined auxiliary and dye solution - the liquid contains both the anionic dyes and the auxiliary and thickening agents mentioned for the pre-spray liquor at room temperature and a pH of about 5. A quantity of this liquor is sprayed corresponding to 200 to 100 % of the total fabric weight on the carpet material. According to the measures described above, both stages of the process - the pretreatment and the dye application - are combined in one operation. The textile material treated in this way is then steamed under the same conditions as in the two-stage process and finally finished.

The one-step process according to the present invention can also be carried out in such a way that the dyes and wetting, foam-forming, foam-holding and thickening auxiliaries having liquor by padding, dipping or another type of application in amounts of 200 to 100 % of the total weight of the goods Carpet sheet applied and the dyes fixed by a steaming operation under the conditions already given above. In this way of working, it is possible in some cases to dispense with the use of non-ionic auxiliaries, especially when the goods are prewashed or have good wetting properties.

In the case of polyamide carpets with proportions or effects made of acid-modified polyester, acid-modified polyamide or Polyacrylonitrile fibers can be these accompanying fiber components of the Mixture can also be colored with both the one-step and the two-step process. the Dye liquor then contains anionic dyes as well as anionic dyes

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also cationic dyes and dispersants that prevent the mutual precipitation of the anionic with the cationic dyes, for example a nonionic product based on the reaction product of 1 mole of stearyl alcohol with 25 moles of ethylene oxide, containing 20 % polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 6000. In this case, are Thickening agents of clearly non-ionic character, e.g. to use completely etherified carob gum products.

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example 1

A carpet material consisting of polyamide 6.6 fibers with a carrier material made of unmodified polypropylene fiber fleece is 100 % (of the total weight of the goods) of a liquor of 20 C, containing per liter of water

3 g N-oleyl-methyItaurine,

3 g of the reaction product of 1 mole of isotridecyl alcohol with 8 moles of ethylene oxide and

3 g of a locust bean gum,

sprayed in such a way that a foam layer 10 mm high forms on the carpet surface. Then a dye liquor per liter of water is applied by means of any application device

4 g of the dye Acid Blue Hl - CINr. 62130 rait the formula

SO ₃ Na

2 g of the dye Acid Blue 40 - C.I.Nr. 62125 rait the formula

NH-CO-CH.

as

3 g of a locust bean gum

and is adjusted to pH 5 with acetic acid, applied to the substrate in an amount of 300% of the total product weight. Now the goods treated in this way

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for dye fixation, ^{steamed with saturated steam at 104 °} C. for 8 minutes and finished as usual.

A vivid blue coloration with a good dye yield is obtained without any frosting effect.

Example 2

A carpet material as in Example 1 is a liquor at room temperature, which per liter of water

6 g of the dye Acid Red k2 - CI No. 17070 with the formula

3 g N-oleyl-methyItaurine,

3 g of the reaction product of 1 mole of isotridecyl alcohol with 8 moles of ethylene oxide, and

3 g of an etherified locust bean gum product

■ r ·

and being adjusted by means of acetic acid to pH 5, amt were threaded in an amount of ^1% by IOO Ges CHT so sprayed that is formed on the carpet surface a closed homogeneous foam layer of 10 mm. The further treatment of the goods with saturated steam takes place as described in Example 1.

The result is a red coloration on the carpet without a frosting effect.

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Example 3

^{An aqueous liquor of 25 °} C., containing per liter, is applied to a carpet material as in Example 1

5 g of the dye Acid Orange 19 - C.I.Nr. 14690 with the formula

3 g of the dye Acid Yellow 25 - C.I.Nr. I8835 with the formula

f ° 2

3 g N-oleyl-methyItaurine, as well as 3 g of a locust bean gum thickener

and adjusted to pH 5 with the help of acetic acid, padded on in an amount of 400% of the total weight of the goods by means of a dye pad. The fabric treated in this way is then subjected to a steaming operation as in Example 1 to fix the dye.

In this way, the textile material is colored orange without a frosting effect.

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Example 4

A carpet material consisting of polyamide 6.6 fibers with
a tufted proportion of acid-modified polyamide fibers and a backing fabric made of polypropylene film strips is mixed with an aqueous liquor at room temperature, containing per liter

3 g of the dye Acid Blue 40 - CINr. 62125
with the formula given in example 1,
3 g N-oleyl-methyItaurine,

3 g of the reaction product of 1 mol of isotridecyl alcohol with 8 moles of ethylene oxide,

3 g of a fully etherified locust bean gum product

Ig of a non-ionic dispersant based on
of the reaction product, of 1 mole of stearyl alcohol with 25
Moles of ethylene oxide containing 20 % polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 6000,
1 ecm acetic acid (60JSig),

1 g sodium acetate crystalline., And

2 g of the basic dye of the formula

cr-

sprayed in such a way that a homogeneous foam layer is formed on the carpet surface at a height of 10 mm and the amount of liquor foamed is 400 % of the total weight of the material. To fix the dyes, the goods are steamed for 10 minutes with saturated steam at 102 ° C., then rinsed and finished in the usual way.

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The result is a material colored over the entire surface with a blue / red effect corresponding to the different fiber components and the respective affinity of the same for one of the two categories of dye, without a frosting effect and with a good one Lightfastness.

The application of the combined pretreatment and dye liquor to the textile can in the above example instead of through Spraying can also be accomplished by padding, dipping or other application methods.

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Claims (3)

Claims' - 1. Process for uniform, frosting-effect-free, continuous dyeing of synthetic carpets or natural polyamide fibers alone or in a mixture with . other fiber components, with carrier material made of hydrophobic Fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers, with anionic dyes and dye fixation in conjunction with one Steaming process, characterized in that one uses an aqueous liquor containing wetting agents, foam-forming and foam-retaining Auxiliaries and thickeners, immediately before the application of the dye solution or together with the same foams or otherwise applies to the dry fiber material at room temperature and the treated in this way Goods, if necessary after application of the dye liquor, then the action of saturated steam at temperatures from 102 to 105 C with the formation of a consistent, aerated as well as closed foam layer on the carpet surface of 20 to 150 mm, preferably 50 to 120 mm, Exposes height. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wetting and foam-forming auxiliary agent is anionic Products, preferably oleyl-methyItaurine, used. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a mixture is used as the wetting and foam-forming aid from oleyl methyl aurine and non-ionic products, preferably the reaction product of 1 mole of isotridecyl alcohol with 8 moles of ethylene oxide is used. H. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the thickening agents used are those etherified cellulose or locust bean gum products whose aqueous solutions are not significantly reduced in viscosity in the presence of the auxiliary, even at steaming temperature. 309839/1075 Process according to Claims 1 to *}, characterized in that that when dyeing carpets from mixtures of polyamide fibers and fiber fractions from polyacrylonitrile, acid modified polyester or acid modified polyamide fibers also still cationic dyes and nonionic dispersants, preferably based on the reaction product of 1 mol of stearyl alcohol with Moles of ethylene oxide containing 20% by weight of polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 6000, is used. 309839/1075