DE2262898C3 - Lithium carbide with reduced reactivity and process for its production - Google Patents
Lithium carbide with reduced reactivity and process for its productionInfo
- Publication number
- DE2262898C3 DE2262898C3 DE2262898A DE2262898A DE2262898C3 DE 2262898 C3 DE2262898 C3 DE 2262898C3 DE 2262898 A DE2262898 A DE 2262898A DE 2262898 A DE2262898 A DE 2262898A DE 2262898 C3 DE2262898 C3 DE 2262898C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- carbide
- production
- lithium carbide
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium carbide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[C-]#[C-] ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001000287 Helvetia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/935—Carbides of alkali metals, strontium, barium or magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
1515th
2020th
2525th
30 äquimolare Mengen Lithium und Kohlenstoff oder Lithiumcarbid, das in bekannter Weise gewonnen wurde, auf über etwa 10500C erhitzt und die erhaltene Schmelze abkühlt. 30 equimolar amounts of lithium and carbon or lithium carbide, which has been obtained in a known manner, is heated to over about 1050 ° C. and the melt obtained is cooled.
Vorteilhafterweise erhält man das erfindungsgemäße Produkt in schneller und glatter Reaktion, wenn man in flüssiges Lithium, dessen Temperatur oberhalb etwa 1050°C liegt. Kohlenstoff bis zum Molverhältnis C: Li = 1 :1 einträgt Es empfiehlt sich zur Vervollständigung der Reaktion die Schmelze kurz umzurühren. Zweckmäßigerweise setzt man den Kohlenstoff in Form von Graphit ein und führt man die Reaktion unter Inertgas durch. Das in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise hergestellte Lithiumcarbid ist ein ziemlich harter, gelblich-weißer Stoff, der sich in Wasser mit mäßiger Geschwindigkeit rückstandsfrei unter Entwicklung von Acetylen auflöst und einen Schmelzpunkt von etwa 1050° C aufweistThe product according to the invention is advantageously obtained in a quick and smooth reaction if one in liquid lithium, the temperature of which is above about 1050 ° C. Carbon up to the molar ratio C: Li = 1: 1 is recommended for Briefly stir the melt to complete the reaction. It is expedient to use the Carbon in the form of graphite and the reaction is carried out under an inert gas. That in the invention Well-made lithium carbide is a fairly hard, yellowish-white substance that dissolves in water moderate speed residue-free with development dissolves of acetylene and has a melting point of about 1050 ° C
Im Gegensatz dazu reagiert das aus Kohle. -s.toff durch Umsetzung mit Lithium-Gas hergestellte reine Li2C3 so heftig mit Wasser, daß an Stelle von Acetylen elementarer Kohlenstoff abgeschieden wird (Juza et al. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 352, 252 [1967]). Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Lithiumcarbids besteht nun u. a. darin, daß aus diesem Stoff in sehr hoher Gewichtsausbeute praktisch reines Acetylen in leicht kontrollierbarer Reaktion hergestellt werden kann. Aus dem Lithiumcarbid nach der Erfindung können pro Kilogramm etwa 630 I Acetylen gewonnen werden, aus handelsüblichem Calciumcarbid (Schweißcarbid, ca. 80% CaC2) etwa 300 l/kg Carbid. Lithiumcarbid, und damit das aus diesem entwickelte Acetylen, sind zudem leichter in reiner Form herzustellen als Calciumcarbid.In contrast, that reacts from coal. -s.toff pure Li 2 C 3 produced by reaction with lithium gas so violently with water that elemental carbon is deposited instead of acetylene (Juza et al. Journal for inorganic and general chemistry 352, 252 [1967]). The advantage of the lithium carbide according to the invention consists, inter alia, in the fact that practically pure acetylene can be produced from this substance in a very high weight yield in an easily controllable reaction. From the lithium carbide according to the invention, about 630 l of acetylene can be obtained per kilogram, from commercial calcium carbide (welding carbide, approx. 80% CaC 2 ) about 300 l / kg of carbide. Lithium carbide, and thus the acetylene developed from it, are also easier to produce in pure form than calcium carbide.
3535
Zur Herstellung von Lithiumcarbid (Lithiumacetylid) sind verschiedene Verfahren bekannt, z. B. die Umsetzung von in flüssigem Ammoniak gelöstem Lithium mit Acetylen (B. v. Antropoff, J. F. Müller, Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 204 [1932] 305) und die Umsetzung von flüssigem Lithium mit Kohlenstoff in einer verschweißten Stahlbombe bei Temperaturen von etwa 1000°C (A. Perret, J. Riethmann. Helvetia chimica Acta 26 [1943] 740). Nach diesen Verfahren bildet sich jedoch kein reines Li2C2; sie sind zudem umständlich und langwierig. Auch die Reaktion von Graphit mit Lithium-Gas bei 800-900°C im Vakuum (Juza et al. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 352, 252 [1967]), die zu reinem Li2C2 führt, ist apparativ aufwendig und umständlich; sie erfordert zudem einen großen Lithium-Überschuß.Various processes are known for the production of lithium carbide (lithium acetylide), e.g. B. the conversion of lithium dissolved in liquid ammonia with acetylene (B. v. Antropoff, JF Müller, Zeitschrift für inorganic Chemie 204 [1932] 305) and the conversion of liquid lithium with carbon in a welded steel bomb at temperatures of about 1000 ° C (A. Perret, J. Riethmann. Helvetia chimica Acta 26 [1943] 740). However, no pure Li 2 C 2 is formed by this process; they are also cumbersome and tedious. The reaction of graphite with lithium gas at 800-900 ° C. in a vacuum (Juza et al. Journal for inorganic and general chemistry 352, 252 [1967]), which leads to pure Li 2 C 2 , is complex and complicated in terms of apparatus ; it also requires a large excess of lithium.
Es ist bisher nicht bekannt, geschmolzenes Lithiumcarbid herzustellen bzw. Lithiumcarbid zu schmelzen. Li2C2 sol", sich bei Temperaturen, die nur wenig oberhalb der Bildungstemperatur liegen, zersetzen (C. E. Messer, journal of Chemical Society of London, Special Publication, 22. 183-198 [1967]). Auch D'Ans-Lax gibt als einzige Phasenumwandlung Zersetzung an (»Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker« Dritte Auflage Bd. I Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York [1967]S. 398)s It is hitherto not known to produce molten lithium carbide or to melt lithium carbide. Li 2 C 2 sol ", decompose at temperatures which are only slightly above the formation temperature (CE Messer, journal of the Chemical Society of London, Special Publication, 22. 183-198 [1967]). Also D'Ans-Lax indicates decomposition as the only phase change ("Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker", Third Edition, Vol. I, Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York [1967] p. 398) s
Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß Lithiumcarbid, welches unzersetzt schmilzt und eine verminderte Reaktionsfähigkeit gegenüber Wasser aufweist, hergestellt werden kann, indem man etwaSurprisingly, it has now been found that lithium carbide, which melts undecomposed and a has decreased reactivity to water, can be prepared by about
26,4 g Lithium (Stangen von 20 mm Durchmesser, 99,5% Li) und 453 g Graphit (Stangen von 4 mm Durchmesser, 9957% C) wurden in einem Tiegel aus Reineisen von 40 mm Innendurchmesser unter 1 atm Argon bis auf 1090°C erhitzt und umgerührt. Nach dem Rühren enthielt das Reaktionsgelfäß nur eine Schmelze, jedoch keine festen Anteile von ungelöstem Graphit. Beim Abkühlen erstarrte der gesamte Tiegelinhalt bei 1O5O°C. Nach dem öffnen der Apparatur konnte das Li2C2 als gelblich-weißer, porenfreier, relativ harter Festkörper dem Tiegel entnommen werden.26.4 g lithium (rods of 20 mm diameter, 99.5% Li) and 453 g of graphite (rods of 4 mm diameter, 9957% C) were in a crucible made of pure iron with an inner diameter of 40 mm under 1 atm of argon up to 1090 ° C heated and stirred. After stirring, the reaction vessel contained only a melt, but no solid portions of undissolved graphite. On cooling, the entire contents of the crucible solidified at 1050 ° C. After opening the apparatus, the Li 2 C 2 could be removed from the crucible as a yellowish-white, pore-free, relatively hard solid.
Analyse des Li2C2:Analysis of the Li 2 C 2 :
36.5% Li (theor. 36,6%)
63,0% C (theor. 63,4%)36.5% Li (theor. 36.6%)
63.0% C (theor. 63.4%)
Analyse des Acetylene aus Li2C2:Analysis of the acetylene from Li 2 C 2 :
0,6 Vol.-% H2 0.6% by volume H 2
2 · 10 4VoI.-% CH4 2 · 10 4 % by volume CH 4
« 2 ■ 10 'Vol.-% C2H6+ C2H4 «2 · 10% by volume C 2 H 6 + C 2 H 4
2 10 'Vol.-% C1H8 2 10 'vol% C 1 H 8
2 ■ 10 ' Vol.-% CiH6 2 ■ 10 'vol .-% CiH 6
Rest C2H2 Remainder C 2 H 2
Das Röntgen-Diagramm des Li2C2 stimmte mit dem von Juza et al. gefundenen überein. Mit Wasser wurde in mäßiger Geschwindigkeit Acetylen entwickelt; dabei bildete sich eine klare Lösung Von LiOH ohne Kohlenstoff-Rückstände.The X-ray diagram of the Li 2 C 2 agreed with that of Juza et al. found match. Acetylene was developed at a moderate rate with water; a clear solution of LiOH formed without carbon residues.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2262898A DE2262898C3 (en) | 1972-12-22 | 1972-12-22 | Lithium carbide with reduced reactivity and process for its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2262898A DE2262898C3 (en) | 1972-12-22 | 1972-12-22 | Lithium carbide with reduced reactivity and process for its production |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2262898A1 DE2262898A1 (en) | 1974-06-27 |
| DE2262898B2 DE2262898B2 (en) | 1980-12-04 |
| DE2262898C3 true DE2262898C3 (en) | 1981-09-24 |
Family
ID=5865196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2262898A Expired DE2262898C3 (en) | 1972-12-22 | 1972-12-22 | Lithium carbide with reduced reactivity and process for its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2262898C3 (en) |
-
1972
- 1972-12-22 DE DE2262898A patent/DE2262898C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2262898A1 (en) | 1974-06-27 |
| DE2262898B2 (en) | 1980-12-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |