DE212011100124U1 - Heating press for vulcanising coats of pneumatic tires - Google Patents

Abstract

Membrane-type press for vulcanizing pneumatic tires, in which plugs are mounted in the upper and lower part of the press in order to maintain the tightness of the mold, in the inner part of the mold there are two adjusting rings with a spacing of 10-20 mm between them, a supply of Coolant is provided directly into the inner cavity of the shell under an optimal pressure.

Description

Technical area.

The invention relates to the field of producing coatings of pneumatic tires and can be used in the vulcanization of coatings or coats which are collected on assembly drums of all types and sizes.

State of the art.

From the patent EP 976533 (B29C 35/02, published 02.02.2000) a method is known according to which during the pressing of unvulcanized elastomeric material to the inner surface of a mold cavity of the tire by introducing a pressurized fluid into a diffusion gap, a radial broadening is formed , The pressurized fluid is preferably introduced through supply channels (or apertures) formed on a toroidal support and extending on outer surfaces of the latter. Upon introduction of the fluid, curves of the inner edges of the tires hermetically hang between the inner walls of the mold cavity and the outer surface of the toroidal support so as to form a diffusion gap at curves of the inner walls of the tires themselves. The amount of heat required to vulcanize unvulcanized tires is dissipated primarily by the walls of the mold cavities and by heating to the liquid or fluid which is introduced into the diffusion gap. Preferably, the heated liquid or fluid is the pressurized fluid used in pressing, or at least part of that fluid.

Thus, in accordance with this method, the production of the tires is done without the use of a vulcanizing membrane, which widened in the conventional production of tires.

However, according to the method in which a vulcanizing membrane is not used as described above, the pressurized liquid or the fluid comes into direct contact with the inner surface of uncured tires, due to the possibility of penetration of the fluid into the fluid Structure of unfinished tires can lead to the appearance of many defects in the product. For example, splitting of adjacent elastomeric layers or shallow elements may occur, or between elastomeric material and metallic or textile reinforcing structures, or even conditions for formation of corrosion in metallic reinforcing materials may arise.

From the patent RU No. 2274549 (B29C 35/02, published Jun. 27, 2005) discloses a method of vulcanizing pneumatic tire covers in which the jacket is collected on a metal toroidal mandrel, the unvulcanized jacket then placed together with the mandrel in a membrane type vulcanizing press. the elastic membrane of the vulcanizing press is introduced into the inner cavity of the mandrel and a coolant or heat transfer medium is applied to the elastic membrane. The elastic membrane expands under pressure and fits snugly against the entire inner surface of the mandrel, making thermal contact between the elastic membrane with the mandrel and giving off heat from the elastic membrane to the shell disposed on the metallic mandrel, as well as for ensures a uniform distribution of the coolant or heat carrier in the entire volume of the shell.

The disadvantages of the prototype-type process are the need to use special membranes, a complex construction of the mechanism of the former vulcanizer or the heating press and high demands on the specific heat of the coolant or heat carrier.

The from the patent RU No. 35090 (B29C 35/02, published on 27.12.2003) known device for the formation and vulcanization of coats of pneumatic tires has a press, a mold consisting of an upper and a lower half-mold, in particular together with heating plates on the upper movable and lower non-movable plate of the press are mounted, radial movable sections, a closing heated cone, and a lower and an upper flange, an elastic membrane with a drive for their control and clamping means of their flange, a drive for moving the upper half-mold and a Vorpressmechanismus, wherein the drive of the control of the elastic membrane is designed in the form of a cylinder, at the body end a clamping means of the flange of the membrane is fixed and the clamping means of the lower flange of the membrane under it with the possibility of slipping along the body up to a Limiter m Ontiert that is executed on the body and is firmly connected to power rods, which cooperate with the center of gravity, which are mounted on the lower plate of the press.

However, such a device is difficult to design and manufacture and it is because of the need for an additional drive for Lifting the lower flange ring when removing the finished shell, loading work pieces and their shape, characterized by increased energy consumption or power consumption. In addition, the known device is characterized by an increased metal requirement and larger dimensions.

The proposed device closest to that proposed in the patent RU No. 25710 (B29C 35/02, published 20.10.2002) known device for forming and vulcanizing coats of pneumatic tires, comprising a press, a mold, which is formed from a lower and an upper half-mold, in particular together with heating plates mounted on upper and lower mounted press plates, radial movable sections, a closing heated cone, a lower and an upper flange ring, an elastic diaphragm with a drive for its control and clamping means, a drive for moving the upper half-mold and a pre-pressing mechanism, wherein the upper and lower clamping means of the flange of the membrane are designed to be movable and have separate drives.

The disadvantages of the prototype device are the need to use special membranes, a complex construction of the mechanism of the former vulcanizer or the heating press and high demands on the specific heat of the coolant or heat carrier.

The use of the membrane in today's manufacturing is associated with the need to provide a predetermined pressure on the inner surface of the tire, which gives it a desired shape, and which must necessarily be ensured for the vulcanization temperature. For the membrane to last a maximum number of production cycles, it is made of high quality rubber and with a thickness of about 10 mm. A membrane is used to make an average of about 200 tires and then disposed of. A sufficiently large thickness of the membrane and a low thermal conductivity of the rubber place high demands on the conveyance of coolant to the inner membrane, up to the use of hot water instead of steam in some cases, since steam lacks the heat capacity. To get hot water in tire factories or tire factories there are special sections with necessary facilities and staff to operate them. The effort and energy required to produce hot water becomes higher as soon as it is intended for the production of steam.

But even when using steam of the order 20% (in view of the mass ratio of truck tires with 60 kg and the membrane mass of 15 kg), the useful heat is used unproductively. In addition, the insertion of the membrane into the green shell and its subsequent removal from the shell after the vulcanization process serves a special mechanism which complicates the construction of the former vulcanizer.

Disclosure of the invention.

The object of the invention is to simplify the technological process of vulcanization of tires, the reduction of time and energy consumption in vulcanization, a simplification of the construction of the former vulcanizer or the heating press and a reduction of the amount of industrial waste.

The solution for the given object is achieved by collecting coats on assembly drums in a hot press for vulcanizing coats of pneumatic tires, then placing the unvulcanized shell in a membrane-type vulcanizing press with dies, supplying a coolant into the inner volume of the membrane the vulcanization process is provided according to the invention is used in the assembly of the shell on the mounting drum as the first inner layer of vulcanized rubber, which further exerts the role of the membrane, in the inner portion of the mold two Einstellringe with a gap between them of 10 -20 mm, supplying a supply of coolant directly into the inner cavity of the shell under an optimum pressure, providing a seal of the die by means of caulking Which are attached to upper and lower parts of the mold, and at the end of the vulcanization process, the first inner layer, which exerts the role of the membrane, remains in the shell as its integral part.

In this case, the vulcanization process proceeds in the following manner: in the transfer of the blank in the predetermined or required form, the displacement of excess air and the maintenance of the seal bring the air to a pressure of 3 atm, then the molding is carried out, as a coolant is steam used with 6 atm, then the vulcanization is carried out, as a coolant, steam is used with 12 atm.

In this vulcanization process, the thickness of the vulcanized rubber which performs the role of the membrane is also selected within 0.5-2.5 mm, depending on the size of the manufactured tire of the pneumatic tire.

The proposed hot press eliminates the need to use the drive mechanism of the membrane in view of preventing damage to the membrane, which simplifies the construction of the former vulcanizer. The use of adjusting rings allows problems of holding the flanges or sides occurring in the absence of the diaphragm to be solved without involving additional mechanical devices, which in turn are the cause of the occurrence of lateral defects ( IP Ziganok "Vulcanization Equipment of Tire Works", M. 1967, pp. 87-90 ). The result after removal of the membrane and the drive of the membrane is the relaxation of the mold, which is remote from the device of the caps or blind plugs or blind plugs.

Brief description of the drawings.

In the 1 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mold of the former vulcanizer or the press prior to the proposed modification.

In the 2 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a die of a former vulcanizer according to the proposed modification.

In the 3 Fig. 3 is a cross-section through a guide mechanism of the membrane shown prior to the proposed modification or modernization.

In the 4 a cross section through a guide mechanism of the membrane according to the proposed modification or modernization is shown.

Best embodiment of the invention.

In the 1 the construction of an existing former vulcanizer or hot press is shown. From the mechanism of the former vulcanizer, which consists of a closing device of the upper ring of the membrane 2 consists, an upper clamping ring of the membrane 3 , a lower clamping ring of the membrane 4 , a lifting rod of the upper ring of the membrane 5 and a mold 1 in which the blank of the jacket 7 and a membrane 6 are placed, the drive elements of the membrane are removed: the closing device of the upper ring of the membrane 2 , the upper clamping ring of the membrane 3 , the lower clamping ring of the membrane 4 , the lifting rod of the upper ring of the membrane 5 ,

In the 2 the construction of the former-vulcanizer or press according to the proposed invention is shown. To ensure the tightness of the mold 1 Instead of the disassembled mechanism is a cap or blanking or blind closure of the upper half die 8th and a cap or blind plug 9 formed in a sleeve of the drive mechanism of the membrane (welded). The role of the membrane 6 in the new device meets the first inner vulcanized layer of the blank of the jacket. In the mold 1 becomes the blank of the coat 7 placed with a preselected first layer of vulcanized rubber, wherein in the inner portion of the mold 1 two adjusting rings 10 are arranged with a gap or a distance between them.

In the 3 a construction of the central drive mechanism of the membrane of the former vulcanizer is shown. His most important parts are: 11 - cylinder block, 12 Sleeve, 13 - Piston, 14 - cap or lid, 15 - telescopic head, 16 - packing cuff, 17 - Piston, 18 - packing cuff, 19 - Base, 20 - Pipe.

In the 4 a construction of the central drive mechanism of the membrane after the modification or modernization is shown. From it were removed: pistons 13 , Piston 17 , Pipe 20 , To seal or hermetise the mechanism after removal of said parts is under the cap 14 in the sleeve 12 a cap or plug or blind plug or blind closure 9 formed (welded). At the base 19 is to cover hydraulic supply channels caps or plugs or blind plugs or blind plugs 21 educated.

• 1. Die Entfernung des Stabes bei der Montage (Rohr und zugehörige Kolben) des zentralen Antriebsmechanismus der Membran.
• 2. Die Vorrichtung gewährleistet die Dichtigkeit der Stopfen im oberen und unteren Abschnitt der Pressform.
• 3. Die Vorrichtung hat im inneren Hohlraum der Pressform zwei Einstellringe mit einem kleinen bzw. schmalen bzw. geringen (10–20 mm) Abstand bzw. Spalt zwischen ihnen.

Thus, the changes or changes in the design of the former vulcanizer are the following:

• 1. The removal of the rod during assembly (pipe and associated pistons) of the central drive mechanism of the membrane.
• 2. The device ensures the tightness of the plugs in the upper and lower sections of the mold.
• 3. The device has two adjusting rings in the inner cavity of the mold with a small or narrow (10-20 mm) distance or gap between them.

The proposed vulcanization process works in the following way. The membrane-type vulcanizing press for vulcanization of pneumatic tires having a membrane-type vulcanizing press, a die consisting of upper and lower halves, and a membrane, retracting membrane, and membrane driving mechanism are used for preservation the tightness of the Press mold in the upper and lower part of the former vulcanizer formed a plug, wherein in the inner part of the mold, two adjusting rings are arranged with a distance of 10-20 mm between them and a supply of coolant directly into the inner cavity of the shell provided under optimum pressure becomes.

During assembly of the unvulcanized tire on the assembly drum already vulcanized rubber is selected as the first inner layer, which further exerts the role of the membrane. Since, in the vulcanization process, this layer fuses with the raw shell and remains an integral part thereof, in order to increase adhesion to or cohesion with the second layer, the first layer may not be vulcanized with the full thickness, but instead only at a given outer part or section.

In addition, during assembly of the tire, the sequence of actions or steps can be reversed. In particular, the vulcanization (scorching) of the first inner layer of the sheath may be done by a selected conventional method by way of processing the inner surface by illumination with ultra-high frequency radiation, electron flow or some other method.

Further, in full accordance with the conventional technology, the green blank is placed in a die. The mold is closed and air is added under a pressure of 3 atm to give the blank the necessary shape and to ensure further sealing. To accelerate the vulcanization process, depending on the specific technology, it may be preheated, mixed with steam, completely replaced with steam, etc., the main thing being to generate the necessary pressure. In this way, the initial sealing is similar to attaching a tubeless tire to a rim. By supplying air (steam) into the cavity of the shell under pressure, the shell flange or the shell side inflates and "snaps" into the corresponding part of the mold. The use of such a method of fixing the jacket allows to dispense with the addition of a general construction of mechanical holding devices for raw jacket flanges, which not only make the construction more difficult, but also lead to the occurrence of defects or damage to the sides or flanges. Further, heating steam of 6 atm is added as the refrigerant in the formation, and vulcanization steam of 12 atm is used in the vulcanization. At the end of the vulcanization process, the first inner layer, which occupies the role of the membrane, remains in the shell as its integral part.

Since the membrane, the first, previously vulcanized, layer of the shell must process only one production cycle, the requirements for the thickness and quality of the rubber are significantly lower than currently used membranes. In particular, the thickness of this layer can be chosen within 0.5-2.5 mm, depending on the size or dimensions of the shell produced.

Industrial Applicability.

• 1. Es entfällt die Notwendigkeit der Herstellung/Beschaffung spezieller hochwertiger Membranen.
• 2. Es entfallen Abfälle nach Abarbeitung von Membranzyklen.
• 3. Es wird der Bedarf an Kühlmitteln reduziert. Dementsprechend sind die Energiekosten reduziert.
• 4. Es wird die Konstruktion des zentralen Mechanismus der Heizpresse vereinfacht. Dementsprechend wird die Bedienung vereinfacht und das Risiko von Ausfallzeiten wegen Fehlfunktionen der besagten Einrichtung bzw. Apparatur wird erniedrigt.
• 5. Es wird der technologische Prozess der Vulkanisierung von Reifen vereinfacht: der Arbeitsschritt des Einführens/Entfernens von Membranen und Abdeckens innerer Teile des rohen Mantels mit einer speziellen Lösung wird ausgeschlossen, um ein Haften des Mantels an der Membran zu verhindern.
• 6. Es wird die Zeit zur Vulkanisierung der Reifen aufgrund der Abwesenheit von Verlusten bei der Erwärmung einer ordentlichen Membran verkürzt. Entsprechend wird die Arbeitsproduktivität erhöht, der Energieverbrauch pro Produktionseinheit wird erniedrigt.
• 7. Es reduzieren sich die Kosten für die Hydraulik wegen der Abwesenheit eines zentralen Antriebsmechanismus der Membran.
• 8. Arbeitskräfte werden freigegeben, die bei der Herstellung der Membran und der Wartung von Warmwasseranlagen eingesetzt werden (sofern eine solche verwendet wird).

The use of the proposed technology achieves the following economic and technological effects:

• 1. It eliminates the need for the production / procurement of special high quality membranes.
• 2. It eliminates waste after processing of membrane cycles.
• 3. It reduces the need for coolants. Accordingly, the energy costs are reduced.
• 4. The construction of the central mechanism of the heating press is simplified. Accordingly, the operation is simplified and the risk of downtime due to malfunctions of said device or apparatus is lowered.
• 5. The technological process of vulcanization of tires is simplified: the operation of inserting / removing membranes and covering inner parts of the green shell with a special solution is precluded to prevent the shell from sticking to the membrane.
• 6. It shortens the time to vulcanize the tires due to the absence of losses in heating a neat diaphragm. Accordingly, the labor productivity is increased, the energy consumption per unit of production is lowered.
• 7. The cost of the hydraulics is reduced because of the absence of a central drive mechanism of the diaphragm.
• 8. Manpower is released, which is used in the manufacture of the membrane and the maintenance of hot water systems (if one is used).

The modification of the former design or press required for work according to the new technology does not require the use of specialized organizations and can be carried out by two operators of the factory within three to four hours. In case of the requirement of A total of one and a half to two hours of work is needed to return to the old technology.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 976533 [0002]
• RU 2274549 [0005]
• RU 35090 [0007]
• RU 25710 [0009]

Cited non-patent literature

• IP Ziganok "Vulcanizing Equipment of Tire Works", M. 1967, pp. 87-90 [0017]

Claims (6)

Membrane-type press for vulcanizing pneumatic tires, in which plugs are mounted in the upper and lower part of the press in order to maintain the tightness of the mold, in the inner part of the mold there are two adjusting rings with a spacing of 10-20 mm between them, a feed of Coolant is provided directly into the inner cavity of the shell under an optimal pressure. A heating press according to claim 1 adapted to collect coats on assembly drums, then to place the unvulcanized shell in the membrane type hot press comprising at least one die having at least upper and lower halves and a membrane, a coolant into the inner volume of the membrane to provide a vulcanization process, characterized in that in the assembly of the shell is used as a first inner layer of vulcanized rubber, which further exerts the role of the membrane, in the inner portion of the mold two Einstellringe are arranged, a Supply of coolant directly into the inner cavity of the shell can be provided under an optimal pressure, wherein at the end of the vulcanization process, the first inner layer which exerts the role of the membrane remains in the shell as its integral part. Heating press for the vulcanization of coats of pneumatic tires according to claim 2, characterized in that when transferring a blank into a predetermined shape, the displacement of excess air and the maintenance of the seal, the air can be brought to a pressure of 3 atm, then the shaping is executable, wherein as a coolant vapor with 6 atm is used, and then the vulcanization is executable, wherein 12 atm can be used as the coolant vapor. A pneumatic tire curing press according to claim 2, characterized in that a thickness of the first inner layer of vulcanized rubber which performs the role of the membrane is within 0.5-2.5 mm depending on the size of the produced jacket of the pneumatic tire is selectable. A heating press for vulcanizing coats of pneumatic tires according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the assembly of the shell, rubber is usable as the first inner layer which is not vulcanized over the entire thickness of the layer. Heating press for vulcanizing coats of pneumatic tires according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance between the adjusting rings between 10-20 mm is selectable.

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