DE2119393A1 - Process for producing stable structures, such as building panels or the like, and devices for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Description

Hans-Joachim Dietzsch

CH - 1884 Villars-Sur-Ollon

Method for producing stable structures, such as building panels or the like. And devices to carry out the procedure

The invention relates to a method for producing stable structures, such as building panels or the like, from parallel mutually extending, interconnected pipe sections formed disks, which are each connected to at least one closed layer or one layer having openings can be, which lying in a surface end faces of all pipe sections completely or partially covers.

Load-bearing structures of this type are known (DBP 824.249, DBP 1.080.763, DBP 1.175.861). A stable structure this type consists of a translucent, heat-insulating plate, especially for construction or insulation purposes, which is between two of transparent or translucent Material, e.g. made of plastic, existing delimitation plates that form a cavity between them, Has pieces of pipe or rods made of the same or similar material as the plates. In another stable structure, as a hollow cell middle layer for blockboard

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is intended, middle-layer moldings are arranged between two paper webs and glued to them. These shaped bodies are made of wood and each form cavities by themselves or with other shaped bodies. Farther it is known to form middle layers for blockboards from closely spaced wooden spirals, which are attached to their Contact points are glued together.

The known, consisting of tube-like sections discs, which are provided on one or both sides with a layer are and have proven themselves for the intended purposes, however, have the disadvantage that their of education the disc serving parts have a certain inherent rigidity must have before they are connected to other parts. It follows that sustainable structures of this kind have the disadvantage that they are either heavy or have a rough internal structure. Finer internal structures these types are expensive and heavy.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing stable structures of the type mentioned at the outset, which should represent stable structures with a relatively low specific weight and despite a fine internal structure can be produced much cheaper than the aforementioned, well-known stable structures, although the thinnest, e.g. thicknesses of 5 microns, and therefore difficult to process, are used to manufacture the slices or manageable elements must be used.

To solve this problem, it is proposed according to the invention that to produce several pipe strings from at least one relatively thin, essentially flat strip at the same time and then to connect equal length sections of these pipe strings to form a block in such a way that the axes of all pipe string sections run parallel to each other, and that then the block formed by several, transverse to the axes of the pipe string sections cut into slices

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will. Is achieved by the fact that the manufacturing costs compared to known, stable structures can be reduced to a fifth of the costs. Moreover, it is possible, the clear cross section of the pipe sirang sections to reduce the cavities formed practically at will, e.g. down to the size of a square millimeter. As tests have shown, the pipe string sections used to form the disks cannot "

only from the thinnest starting materials, for example plastic, metal, light metal, but also from such materials are produced, the extraordinarily low tear strengths in the intermediate processing stages have, as is the case, for example, with paper or the like that has been moistened by binding agents. Advantageous it is to briefly interrupt the manufacturing process and determine the pipe strings formed during this time, if the separation takes place on equal lengths.

As particularly practical, it has been found to produce any tubing with screw-shaped seam, overlap winding to μ. In this way it can be achieved that each individual pipe string is given a certain rigidity immediately after winding, which is of essential importance for the individual process steps.

A preferred embodiment of the method is that the winding of the pipe strings in at least one plane is carried out and the pipe string sections in layers to form the block transversely to the movement surface of the pipe strings be discharged. Since the winding of the pipe strings is only carried out in a single level or in a single row, relatively wide webs can be made from a large number of pipe strings, their separated partial lengths then serve to produce a compact block, what the

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Significantly reduces manufacturing costs. The feeding of cut partial lengths to the block can also be done in such a way that
that a layer of pipe string sections in the
Creases the top, already deposited layer can be inserted.

Since the method has to guarantee easy, reliable processing of elements that are usually difficult to process or handle, it is recommended
to use mandrels for winding the essentially flat strips, which extend in the direction of movement of the
Pipes to be produced parallel to one another and at a distance
extend from each other. On every tape wound should
a pressing force can be exerted which not only sets the wound band in rotation, but also this wound
Tape moved in the direction of the mandrel axis relative to the mandrel. That
Winding then takes place without it being necessary to drive the winding mandrels. The winding mandrels can be arranged in a stationary manner or can be freely rotatable. It is particularly recommended that such a pressing force be applied to the wound tubes
exert that one permanent deformation at a time
Band takes place. Since the winding is carried out with an overlap, the part of each tape wound onto a winding becomes in the region of the edge of the winding below
deformed, as a result of which the rigidity of each wound tube is considerably increased as a result of the overlapping and conical deformation of the individual winding layers.

Discharged from the movement area of the pipe strings, already
Interconnected pipe string sections, which already form part of the block, can, in order to be connected to newly occurring pipe string sections, moved back and forth transversely to the movement surface of the end regions of the pipe runs up to and away from this and thereby with the end regions

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of the pipe strings generated are connected, whereupon only a section corresponding to the block height of the Pipe strings is separated. Of course, pipe string sections can also only start from the pipe string end regions cut in a length corresponding to the block height, and then transversely from the movement area of the pipe strings are discharged out to merge them with the pipe string sections that are already part of the block form.

The mutual connection of the pipe string sections lying next to one another in the block and also the consolidation of the individual ones The tubes themselves are made with binders, which are preferably added to the tube material as curable precursors and are subsequently cured. This addition can already be the necessary for the formation of the pipes, essentially flat strips and / or the pipe strings formed and / or the pipe string sections are allocated. This addition can be carried out by spraying.

The invention also relates to devices for carrying out the method. According to the invention, such a device has several winding devices, each provided with a mandrel, to which at least one material strip can be fed, and these winding devices are arranged parallel to one another in at least one plane, the material strips comprising the mandrels being passed through one or more strips around the mandrel axes rotating and advancing pressure medium can be influenced. Separating means are also provided for cutting off manufactured pipe strings to the same lengths, as well as means for moving pipe string groups having the same length transversely to the production level and connecting them to form a block. Although the production process is preferably discontinuous because of the severing of pipe string sections from the pipe strings and their staples to form the block, the interruptions required for severing are so small that that

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Manufacturing process practically but how a continuously running process is carried out.

In order to be able to exert compressive forces on the pipe coils, various means can be used. So can the pressure medium consist of at least one bar that can be moved back and forth transversely and longitudinally to the direction of movement of the pipe strands is guided and can only be brought into operative connection with the pipe strings during one of the back and forth movements. There are no difficulties in guiding this bar, and there are no disadvantages during the return of the bar because this return can be carried out relatively quickly. However, it is more useful in terms of scope a roller extending transversely to the axes of the pipe strings several parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller to arrange guided and controlled back and forth displaceable strips. In this case there is always one of the on the perimeter the roller arranged bar with the individual tube coils in frictional contact, it moves all the coils in Feed direction and sets it in circulation. The bars that then follow act in the same way, since after they are outside Have come into engagement with the pipe coils, od by sliding curves. The like. Always moved back to their original position will.

It is also possible, however, to provide a pressure medium which influences all the pipe strings and which is arranged transversely to the axes of the pipe strings and which can be driven about its axis and moved back and forth in the direction of its axis, with only one of the two back and forth Movements can be brought into operative connection with the pipe strings. For this embodiment, the same applies to what was said above about the one bar that is guided so that it can move back and forth.

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But you can also turn one off for each individual pipe string a drivable wheel, a roller or the like. Provide existing pressure medium, the plane of rotation in the direction of Winding slope is. Since the individual pipe strings have a certain distance from each other anyway, prepares the storage of such wheels, rollers or the like. No difficulty.

In all of these cases, care should be taken to ensure that each bar, roller or wheel is connected to the Pipe strands coming into operative connection surface is provided with a deformable covering, and that each mandrel is made of a material with the lowest possible frictional resistance, as is the case with polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name Teflon) is the case.

Particularly favorable results can be achieved if

each pressure medium is arranged at a distance of at least two winding turns from the entry point of a tape is, and that each incoming band can be put under tension by a braking means.

In order to simplify the process in certain cases, it is advisable to design each winding mandrel as a hollow mandrel and to arrange in this a conduit for supplying a binding agent to the inner surfaces of the pipe string. * Furthermore, the pipe strings or the pipe string sections can be supplied with feed means for applying a binder assign to the surfaces of the pipes or pipe sections. -

A disk designed according to the invention consists of parts of preferably wound, layered pipe string sections lying in layers,

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which are connected to one another via binders, the layers preferably representing parallel planes.

As a material for the material strips, which are single-layered or multi-layered using a combination of different materials can be trained, you can use, among other things:

Paper , nonwovens , fabrics (these with or without impregnation

with additives)

Films made from cellulose derivatives, thermoplastics (such as polymethacrylate), thermosetting plastics (such as epoxy resin), rubber (or other elastomers), organic fluorine-containing polymers (such as Teflon, polyvinyl fluoride), molecularly oriented high polymers such as bidimensionally stretched polyamide or polyester

Metal foils , which are preferably electrodeposited, but also z. B. rolled, especially hard-rolled aluminum foils.

These materials can also have reinforcing bodies. For example, a Duoplast film can be provided with glass fiber chips be.

The tapes used to manufacture pipes consist, for example, of strips that contain non-combustible fibers, or of hard-rolled light metal strips or of galvanically produced Foil strips or thin metal strips.

The incombustible fibers can consist of asbestos or of molten silicates to which cement is preferably added as an incombustible binder, and gypsum can also be added. What is particularly recommended are hard-rolled light metal foil strips for special purposes

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used, then it is convenient to use the coiled To connect pipes or pipe sections to one another via thermosetting plastics, although other binders are also used can be. The tapes can also be made of galvanically produced foil strips, e.g. hard nickel, consist of thin metal strips, for example chromium-nickel steel, in which case a solder is used as the binding agent can use. It is also possible to wrap thin metal strips that are exposed to heat after they have been produced are welded together, which should expediently be carried out in a protective gas atmosphere. Incombustible Binding agents can be added before or after winding.

The invention is described below with reference to several exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawings explained. It shows:

Figure 1 shows the manufacturing process in perspective

tivic representation,

Figure 2 shows the production of a pipe,

Figure 3 and U a tube made of two strips in side view and on average,

Figure 5 is a side view of a production

contraption,

Figure 6 is a plan view of Figure 5, FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a roll

contraption ,

Figure 8 shows a second embodiment of a

209811 / T057 winding device in section,

2Ί19393

FIG. 9 shows the winding device according to FIG. 8

under supervision,

Figure 10 is a plan view of several straight ahead

provided pipes with a roller as a pressure medium,

FIG. 11 a side view of FIG. 10,

Figure 12 is a plan view of several straight ahead

Asked pipes, each od by one of a wheel, a roller. The like. Existing Pressure medium are influenced,

FIG. 13 is a side view of FIG. 12,

FIG. 11 shows a section through an overlap

of the wrapping tape.

For the sake of clarity, the drawings are shown distorted to scale and show only a few of the "Pipes or tubes to be produced at the same time.

In Figure 1, only four tubes 1, 2, 3 and 4 are shown, which are each made of a substantially flat band 1 ', 2', 3 ^r and 4 ¹ by winding, to after separation into pipe string sections with a variety of others can be connected to a block 5. The tapes are fed to the winding devices in the direction of arrow 6.

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In area 7, the tapes are deformed into coils which are carried away in the direction of arrow 8. The coils rotate in the direction of arrow 9 at a constant speed of rotation or intermittently, that is, the finished coils stand still, for example, when they are jointly, represented by the cutting plane 10, in pipe string sections 1 ″, 2 ¹¹ , 3 ′ ¹ and 4 ¹¹ are divided, the lengths of which are indicated by the area 11. The pipe string sections forming a transverse strip are then conveyed in the direction of arrow 12 and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, lowered downwards in the direction of arrow 13 in order to form block 5 with pipe string sections that have already been produced. The block shown consists of five layers of pipe string sections. Of course, the pipes or tubes and the pipe string sections can also be moved in other directions than that shown in FIG. Layers can be arranged in such a way that the individual coils of pipe strings lying one on top of the other are arranged in the same planes or alternately offset from one another.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the winding of a pipe with an overlap. The long edges of the to be deformed Stripe 1 'are marked with IU and the overlap area is marked with 15.

FIG. 3 illustrates the simultaneous winding of two ribbons 16 and 17 in an exploded view

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simplify the drawing ai. The figure U shows one Section along the line IV - IV of Figure 3. In this case, the individual coils of each tube do not need to be wrapped in an overlapped manner, as can butt. The bands 16 and 17 can be in opposite directions Direction to be wound up.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a device in a side view and a plan view, in order to schematically illustrate the manufacturing process to illustrate. Of a large number of strips or tubes or tubes, only four are shown here. It is assumed that the starting material consists of a web 18 formed by a web formed from separating disks 19 Cutting device is disassembled into individual bands. These belts are fed to the winding devices via pairs of transport rollers 20 which are arranged in area 7. To the wound tubes or tubes on the one hand in To offset rotation and on the other hand to move in the feed direction are in the case of the exemplary embodiment of the figures 5 and 6 pairs of strips 21, 2 2 are provided which are controlled transversely and longitudinally to the direction of movement of the tubes and be moved here.

Seen in the direction of movement of the tubes or tubes, nozzles 23 are provided behind the pairs of strips 21, 22, which spray a drying lacquer or other binding agent onto the circumferential surfaces of the tubes or the like. If applied binders are to be pre-hardened or hardened, then infrared radiators 24, for example, are to be arranged behind the nozzles 2 3. If necessary, additional pairs of strips 26 or the like can be provided shortly before a separating device 25 . In contrast to the scheme according to FIG. 1, according to which pipe string sections 11 are cut off from the pipe strings before they are connected to block 5, it is assumed here that the separation only takes place when

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when the ends of the pipe strings are pushed onto parts of the block to be produced and connected to them have been. A punch 28 moved back and forth in the direction of the double arrow 27 can be used to pack the pipe string sections contribute, with the leadership of the already manufactured part of the block 5 rollers 29 provided are. How the connection is made does not matter, the block 5 can also be moved in a pilgrimage step to connect pipe string sections to the block.

After a block 5 has been manufactured, it can be cut into slices; were used as a starting material for example Plastic tapes, nonwovens made from synthetic fibers, the are fixed against each other by thermoplastic binders, then instead of cutting elements, like saw blades, electrically heated wires 31 can also be used. To pipe string sections together To be able to connect properly, applied binders can be activated by heat sources, such as radiators 24a.

Figure 7 illustrates an embodiment of a winding process. In this case, two bands 1 'and 2' are used simultaneously to produce a pipe or tube Winder supplied ,, which consists of a mandrel 32 which is mounted in a bearing 33 and such a length has that it serves as a support for the intended pressure medium, here a pair of bars 21, 22. Though in this case it is assumed that the mandrel is moved in the direction of the double arrow 34 synchronously with the winding movement it can also only be arranged to be rotatable.

To show that as leverage also designed Mitteo may otherwise be provided is to the figures 8 and referred the 9th A roller 35 is provided on the circumference with a plurality of strips 37 which are guided parallel to the axis of rotation 36 of the roller and can be moved back and forth in a controlled manner. The roller

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URiQfNAL INSPECT «»

runs around a transverse to the directions of movement of the pipes Axis around. During this rotary movement, the pressure force exerting a compressive force on the wound pipe is displaced Bar also transversely to the direction of movement of the individual tubes, so that the exercised resultant in the direction the slope of the winding runs. This control is effected by sliding cams 38, which with the end faces of the individual Last stand in contact. As soon as a bar is no longer in contact with the pipe strings, it is in theirs Starting position moved back during the rotation of the roller. The individual pipe strings are supported by a roller 39 mounted parallel to the roller 36, instead of the latter Other supporting means can also be provided on the roller. The mandrels 32 are held in bearings 3 3 so that they can rotate freely. Of course, a plurality of mandrels are provided for making a plurality of tubes, even if only two winding devices were shown here.

The embodiment of Figures 10 and 11 shows that instead of a roller provided with strips, a roller

40 can be provided, both in the direction of the arrow

41 is set in rotation about its axis 42 and is also guided displaceably back and forth in the direction of the axis 42, which was indicated by the arrow 43. This solution is particularly useful when the winding processes have to be briefly interrupted to cut off pipe sections , because then the roller 40 can be returned to its original position during this brief interruption. In the case shown, it is assumed that the mandrels 32 ha. 44 are arranged in a stationary manner, the mandrels have a coating made of polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name Teflon), they can also be rotatably mounted.

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Finally, the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 12 and 13 shows another possibility, such as the individual tube coils rotating and advancing can be influenced. Drivable wheels, rollers or the like are used as pressure means 4 5 provided, the axes of rotation of which are denoted by 46. The wheels or the like 45 extend obliquely to the direction of movement of the individual pipe coils. Here, too, the mandrels 3 2 are arranged stationary at 44, they are hollow, in order to receive lines 47 which are responsible for the supply of binders or the like to the inner wall surfaces of the individual tube coils to serve.

The compressive forces exerted by the strips, the roller or the wheels should preferably not only be so large that they twist and advance each pipe coil, the compressive force should it also make it possible to permanently deform each wound band to a certain extent, as shown in FIG. 14, whereby the rigidity of each individual pipe string is increased considerably.

It is also recommended that at least the area of each pressure medium that comes into operative connection with one or more pipe strings with a deformable covering, For example rubber, so that every pressure exerted is distributed over a large area.

Of course, the production of a block explained with reference to several exemplary embodiments can also be achieved with other means which are equivalent to those of the exemplary embodiments shown. Thus, the essentially flat strips can consist of the most varied of materials, they can also be wound into tubes or tubes by other means. Binders with different compositions can also be used as binders for fixing the individual coils against one another or for connecting pipe string sections to other sections, both

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for example adhesive, lacquer, silicone rubber, cured casting resin (thermoset), cement, plaster of paris, metal or the like also applies to other connecting means, pipe string sections can also be connected to others by soldering, welding, sintering or the like, depending on the starting materials used.

The blocks produced or the load-bearing blocks produced from them Structures have a relatively low specific weight because of the wall thicknesses of the raw materials used can be extremely small, these thicknesses range between a few microns up to 0.1 mm (100 Micron). Since it is not difficult to arrange winding devices close together, a variety of Pipes or tubes, for example a thousand next to each other, can be produced in one plane at the same time. You are in able to produce panes, the width of which corresponds to the height of a room, the length of which corresponds to the respective requirements is to be adjusted.

If the starting material used is non-combustible fibers that are provided with non-combustible binders, for example Fibers made from molten silicates, such as glass or slag, which cement- or gypsum-based binders before or during of the manufacturing process of the blocks or disks are added, then not only can be relatively easy and stable, but also undeformable, non-combustible components with high thermal insulation due to excessive heat exposure produce. The panes of the invention can also after their manufacture, but before the connection with their cover layers, be provided with reinforcing agents, preferably by impregnation with pourable, curable substances. Discs whose tube pieces are wound from fiber fleece tapes and those with binding agents are preferably suitable for this purpose are offset so that the structure of the pipe walls are porous and thus absorbent for the reinforcement means. Cement or plaster mixtures are preferably suitable as reinforcing agents.

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Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A method for producing stable structures, such as building boards, or the like, from mutually parallel, interconnected pipe sections formed discs, each with at least one closed or a layer having openings can be connected, which end faces of all pipe sections lying in a surface or completely partially covers, as characterized in that several pipe strings from at least a relatively thin, essentially flat band is produced at the same time and on it equal lengths of these pipe strings are connected to a block in such a way that the axes of all Pipe string sections run parallel to each other, and that then the block formed by several, transversely cuts placed on the axes of the pipe string sections are dismantled. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the manufacturing processes are briefly interrupted and at least the ends of the pipe strings formed are fixed during this interruption. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in " characterized in that each pipe string is produced by helical, overlapping winding will. 209811/1057 M-. Method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the winding of the pipe strings is carried out in at least one plane is and the pipe string sections in layers to form the block transversely to the moving surface of the Pipe strings are discharged. 5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, using winding mandrels, which extend in the direction of movement of the pipes to be produced parallel to one another and at a distance from one another, characterized, that a pressing force is exerted on each wound band, which is not only applied to the wound band set in rotation, but also in the direction of the mandrel axis moved relative to the mandrel. 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized i g ^e * "indicates that such a pressing force is exerted that a permanent deformation of the strip is carried out. 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that already interconnected pipe string sections discharged from the movement surface of the pipe strings are moved back and forth transversely to the movement surface up to and away from this and thereby connected to the ends of the pipe strings produced are, and that he-st thereafter the block height corresponding portion is separated from the pipe sections. 8. The method according to one or more of claims * 1 to 7, characterized in that on the pipe strings generated from their connection with already 209811/1057 - 19 - separated sections a medium representing the precursor of a hardenable binder is applied. 9. Device for performing the method according to a or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that several, each with winding devices provided with a mandrel, to each of which at least one strip of material can be fed, in at least one plane are arranged parallel to one another that the strips of material comprising the mandrels can be influenced by one or more pressure means that rotate and advance the strips around the mandrel axes are, and that separating means are provided for cutting off manufactured pipe strings to the same lengths and means are to move the same length RolTstrranggruppen transversely to the production level and connect to a block. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure means from consist of at least one bar that can be moved back and forth transversely and longitudinally to the direction of movement of the pipe strings is guided and can only be brought into operative connection with the pipe strings during one of the transverse movements. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that on the circumference of a several rollers extending transversely to the axes of the pipe strings, guided parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller, controlled back and forth displaceable bars are arranged. 12. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that as all pipe strings 209811/1057 influencing pressure medium, a roller arranged transversely to the axes of the pipe strings is provided, which can be driven about its axis and moved back and forth in the direction of its axis, with it only at one of the two transverse movements with the pipe strings can be brought into operative connection. 13. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that that for each individual pipe string from a drivable wheel, roller or the like. existing pressure medium is provided, the plane of rotation of which lies in the direction of the winding pitch. 14. Device according to one or more of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that each bar or each roller on its with the pipe strands Coming into operative connection surface is provided with a deformable covering, which is a relatively has high frictional resistance to the strip of material, and that each mandrel is made of a material with the lowest possible frictional resistance, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name Teflon). 15.Vorrichtung according to one or more of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that each pressure means is arranged at a distance of at least two turns from the entry point of a tape, and that each incoming tape can be placed under tension by a braking means. 16. The device at least according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that. Each mandrel is designed as a hollow mandrel and in this a line for feeding of the binder is arranged on the inner surfaces of the pipe string. 2 0 9811/1057 17. Device according to one or more of the requirements 9 to 16, marked by this, that the pipe strings or the pipe string sections Feed means for applying a binding agent to the surfaces of the pipes or pipe sections assigned. ^ 18.) from parallel, interconnected Discs formed from tube sections for load-bearing structures, possibly on one or both sides can be provided with at least one layer, characterized in that the The disc is composed of parts of wound pipe string sections lying in parallel planes, and that the latter are bound together by binding agents, wherein the individual pipe string sections arranged one above the other in layers in the same planes or alternately laterally offset from one another can be joined together to form a block. 19. Made of mutually parallel, interconnected Discs formed by pipe sections for load-bearing structures, optionally on one or both sides can be provided with at least one layer, characterized in that the tapes used in the manufacture of pipes consist of strips containing incombustible fibers, and that non-flammable binders serve as binders. 20. Disc according to claim 19, characterized in that the incombustible fibers consist of asbestos. 21. Discs according to claim 19, characterized in that the non-combustible fibers 209811/1057 2Ί19393- consist of molten silicates, e.g. glass, slag or the like. 22. Disc according to claim 18, characterized in that the non-combustible Binders contain cement. 23. Disc according to claim 18, characterized that the non-flammable binders contain plaster of paris. 2M-. Disk according to Claim 18, characterized that the manufacturing of The strips used for tubes are hard-rolled light metal foil strips, and that the wound tubes or Pipe sections are connected to one another via thermosetting plastics. 25.Scheibe according to claim 18, characterized that the tapes used for the production of pipes from galvanically produced foil strips exist. 26.Scheibe according to claim 18, characterized in that "that the production of pipes used strips of thin metal strips and the binding agent consists of solder . 27. Disc according to claim 18, characterized in that the manufacture of the The strips used for pipes consist of thin metal strips} which are welded together by the action of heat are. 209811/1057