DE2114651A1 - Machine for drilling underground holes - Google Patents

Description

Machine for making earth bores.

The invention relates to my machine for manufacturing of earth drilling and concerns the drive mechanisms of the drill.

Earth drilling requires a wide margin in the Speed and torque of the drill It is e.g. often necessary to change from one size of drill to another move on · As each size of drill is now best at a specific speed and torque works, it is desirable to be able to adjust them so that they work under the best conditions « Changes in speed and torque may also be required when a new formation is cut whose properties make special! requirements · It may also be necessary to set speed and To change the torque in order to avoid undesired operating conditions, e.g. critical resonance vibrations can also be required when parts of the drill string are installed or removed · This means that a variable drive of the machine significantly improve the drilling process

The drill must be simple, reliable and easy to move. Within the meaning of the invention, it should be reliable

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Have permissible devices for inducing the speed and torque.

These properties of the machine are particularly important in its use, which is called 'upward boring' · This upward drilling (see e.g. US Patent 5 220 4 ° A) is used in mines with tunnels or excavation sites, which lie one above the other at different heights, one from the upper to the lower tunnel To widen the drilled smaller pilot hole by removing the smaller one that has entered the lower tunnel Replaced the drill with another of a larger diameter · This is then pulled up through the machine and thus widens the hole. Such a machine must have a compact design adapted to the conveyor cage and reliable in the "limited trees of a mine tunnel." could work yes «, she has to because of the narrowness of the Working space with a minimum of service and maintenance get by and be an indiscriminate, because repairs are in a tunnel are difficult and lead to great losses in drilling time ©

If that füö, rue is gsloeii drilled with the small-diameter _f failure of Bolirer old high speed and low torque ARI3 © ± 1, the guide hole @s _e Wean then through the AufwiEtsiboJteaa extended "is, the drill having a small Brefesail must issfl , Yes @ & © H Breteiosient work.

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change the size of the sprockets between the hydraulic motor and the drill pipe can be changed « This type of drive has many disadvantages, in particular. is the time required and the difficulty of changing the sprockets considerable

Another well-known technique (see ¥ S-Patent 3 454 114) describes a drive motor that drives the drill pipe via a complicated mechanical transmission, the one does not provide for the change in speed and torque required for optimum drilling operation «This Transmission with its many ropes is often the cause to mechanical disturbances

In US Pat. No. 3,460,638, a drive with a hydraulic motor is described, which is equipped with a Intermediate gear is connected, which in turn drives the drill pipe. The drive lacks simple adjustability, which is necessary for optimal drilling.

The invention proposes a design that can be adjusted within wide limits and is particularly reliable Its construction requires your tree and does not contain any Complicated gear or the like · With the drive design according to the invention one can make changes Change the speed and torque as required in the hydraulic or electrical energy supply to the drive motors and adapt to the respective operating conditions

These advantages are achieved in that several motors are provided, which optionally sum drive the drill to serve. The speed and torque can be changed by adjusting the energy supply to the individual motors and also a combination of motors are used, which enables the best drive for the drill

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For example, all energy can or can be fed to a single motor for drilling at high speed distributed to all motors so that a high torque is achieved at low speed ·.

Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the embodiment described below can be seen, which is shown in the drawing. In this shows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an upward drilling machine with the drive according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the drive according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a side view of FIG. 2,

4 shows a circuit diagram for the hydraulic energy supply in the drive according to FIGS. 2 and 3 »

5 shows another embodiment of the drive,

6 shows a circuit diagram for the embodiment according to FIG. 5,

7 shows another embodiment of the drive,

8 shows an electrical circuit diagram for the embodiment according to FIG. 7 and

Fig «, 9 an embodiment of the drive with hydraulic and electric motors «

In Fig. 1, the machine 10, which is particularly suitable for drilling upwards, is through the base beams 11 to the ground connected, in which suitably Eetonfundamente lie · On the beams 11 are fixed pillars 12 and 12 *, be supported by struts 13 and 13 *.

Between the support columns 12, 12 * is a carriage 14 in known way by a two-sided effective cylinder displaceable between the carriage 14 and the carriers 11 is arranged. DeJ? Slide 14 carries the drill rod head 16 and the drive device 17. The rotating

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Boar rod 18 is fixed to the Bohrgestängekopf 16 .and shown in position for drilling downwards in the drawing · The individual sections of the drill string can turn during the drilling operation in accordance with the WS-Patent 3,446,284 or removed ₀ The drive rotates the Bohrgestängekopf 16 and the drill rod connected to it 18

The machine now enables the speed and torque of the drill to be changed and thus an adjustment to the changes in the operating conditions, as described in the introduction · Of course, the The drilling operations described here are also used when drilling at an angle to the vertical or when drilling upwards will·

In Pig. 2 shows an embodiment of the drive on an enlarged scale. Are on the sled three hydraulic motors 19 »20,21 for driving the drill pipe head 16 provided. For low speeds and high torque, the hydraulic fluid is all three motors in parallel trains if one led high speed and low torque is required, the hydraulic fluid is only passed through the Motor 19 directed · The Bohrgeatängekopf 16 carries a main drive wheel 22, which is shown in Fig. 2 in dashed lines is shown · In this mesh three gears 23,24,25 a. The gear 23 is larger than the other two and gives the main drive wheel 2g the highest speed, e.g. when drilling the guide hole. As an example, it should be noted that the gear 23 has a transmission ratio of 2t1 can have while the other two gears are one Have a gear ratio of 3 »1 ·

A side view of the drive shows in detail Fig · 3 »The motors 19, 20, 21 are arranged on the slide 14 ·

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The large gear 23 meshes with the main drive gear 22 and causes a high speed of the drill. Even the small gears 24 and 25 go into the main drive wheel and produce a large torque at low speed when all three motors are the main drive drive wheel «

In Fig. 4, which shows the scheme of the liquid flow for the drive according to Figs. 2 and 5, the valves 26 and 27 are open for low speeds and high torque. They direct the flow of liquid, which comes from a pump 28 with adjustable speed, through the motors 19 »20,21 in parallel connection» which causes a low speed of the drill with a katoia torque «When a high torque at low torque is required we & ₉ the valves 26 and 27 are closed · The entire liquid flows from the Pump® 28 to the motor 19 »A slight overpressure is provided for the © MotoS'ea 20 and 21 through the Pump® 29 so that this ©» © ine cavitation is boiled off. Be there

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21H651

the main drive gear 35 is driven. The engine 30 is arranged on a first bearing plate 36, which on a second bearing plate 37 is displaceable. A threaded bolt 38 is used to move the bearing plate 36, which into an internally threaded hole of the track part 39 engages and is fixed with its end in the first bearing plate so that it can rotate but cannot be displaced By turning the threaded bolt 38 accordingly, the gear 33 opposite the main drive wheel 35 for Engaged or disengaged. However, other mechanical devices can also be used to connect or Switching off the gear 33 can be used without departing from the concept of the invention.

In Fig. 6 the liquid flow for the Embodiment of Fig. 5 shown · One in their Variable speed pump 40 supplies the Motors 30 and 31 in parallel for low Speed and high torque · If a high speed is required, the valves 41 and ηΓ: are closed and the whole flow of liquid is led to the lftot ^ i * 31 web As described above, the motor 30 can be mechanically decoupled from the main drive wheel 35 will. In this case, no fluid pressure is required on the motor 30. ·

In Fig. 7 an embodiment is shown which _{uses four DC motors 43>} 44,45,46. They are arranged on part of the slide 47 and carry gears 48, 49, 50, 51 "which are brought into engagement with the main drive wheel 52 in order to drive the drill rods. For this purpose, each of the four motors on the slide 47 can be moved by means of threaded elements. For example, the motor 43 can be brought into engagement with the main drive wheel 52 by adjusting the threaded disk element 53. Speed of the drill and a low torque are required

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a single motor 43 can be connected to the main drive wheel 52 are brought into engagement · If a greater torque is required, the other motors are switched on

The electrical circuit diagram for FIG. 7 is shown in FIG Electricity can pass through the 4-3.4-4.4-5.46 to the individual motors Supply line 55 · The current supplied to each motor is switched on by special switches 56.57 * 58.59. When drilling an I guide hole, if a high Speed with low torque is required, ζ · Β · only the motor 4-3 with the main drive gear 52 for Intervention brought. The switch 56 is closed and the main drive gear 52 runs only by the motor 4-3 at high speed. But when a high torque is required at low speed, brings all four motors are engaged with the main drive wheel · The switches 56.57 * 58.59 are closed so that all motors main drive gear 52 with high torque drive. By using the appropriate circuitry, other combinations of the drive motors can also be brought about «

9 shows an embodiment of the invention with two electric motors 60 and 61 and two hydraulic motors 62 and 63. As a result of the characteristic drive properties of these two motor types, this combination achieves a drive with a wide range in terms of speed and torque the two electromators 60 and 61 can be brought into engagement with the main drive wheel 64-. The thread means 65 "66,67" 68 effect the engagement and disengagement of the gears 69 and 70 · The gears 75 and 76 of the hydraulic motors 62 and 63 can use the Hauptantrieberad 64 by operation of the threaded means 71, 72 _t 73t7 * turned »If high torque and low torque are required, the gears 69 _f 70 _f 75 76 with the main drive wheel 64 mesh. if

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High speed and low torque are required, a single gear is just through with the main drive gear an engine engaged "

The motors and gears are specially adapted for high speeds, for example gear 69 of the electric motor 60 larger than the other gears, if this motor is switched on, it causes a high speed of the Bohrers out · The other gears 70ι75 »76 are smaller and can therefore generate a higher torque. When all four motors are on, it will turn on. the main drive gear the greatest torque exerted »This is how the multitude of motors produces a balanced force effect on the Main drive wheel that can be adapted to all needs of the drilling process

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Claims (1)

Patent claims 1. Machine for the production of Erdbohrungeii with a frame, in which the drill pipe guided in a slide is rotated via a main drive _{wheel 9} characterized by the subdivision of the drive to several motors that engage the main drive wheel of the drill pipe with different rotary gears or torques. * can be. 2 · Machine according to claim Λ characterized in that the motors are optionally used for work performance, depending on the requirements of the operation * 3 · Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the motors, which should not come into effect on the main drive wheel, by switching off the iSirer energy supply or made ineffective by moving your drive wheel in relation to the main drive wheel ^ & rdsn » 4-. Machine according to claim 2, characterized _s that for switching the electric motors Sehaltorgane are used, the electric motors for use on the circuit and hydraulisclier using motors to valves for the supply and discharge of the hydraulic power acting · 5 · Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive gears are slidable relative to the main drive wheel on slides, which the motors on a top Carry the plate arranged in the machine frame and can be moved by means of a screw drive 6 · Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the individual motors are switched on or off using clutches serve between the motor and its drive gear « 7 · Use of the machine according to claim i Ms 6 in mines 108842/1282 - 11 " with tunnels or defrosting sites that lie one above the other at different altitudes, characterized in that that a pilot hole through a small diameter drill bit from the upper lug to the lower lug by switching the machine to high speed of the drill with a correspondingly low torque It is then that the small drill that has entered the lower tunnel is replaced by a larger-diameter drill is replaced and that then the larger drill while switching the machine to a small drill speed and a high torque cutting upwards is pulled. The Pat? _ here JULANr.lO7 / 71 {§46Pi .AOI 109S42 / 1262 L eers e 1t e