DE2034124A1 - Device for attaching a boot to a ski - Google Patents

Description

Device for attaching a boot to a

Ski.

The invention relates to a device for fastening a boot on a ski, in which a holding piece acts on the ski, which can be pivoted about two axes with respect to a support and against such axes Pivoting is held in the position of use by two interacting elements, which under the action of a spring which acts on one of the two elements, are in engagement, with one of the two elements for common movement fixed to the Holding piece, the other firmly connected to the support and the engagement pressure for setting the limit resistance the binding is freely selectable.

There are already numerous devices of the introduction named species known »In the majority of these known Devices, however, leads to an increased or

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raised position of the foot or the boot to stress the spring, the consequence of which is that the force which is required to move the device in a lateral position To unlock or open the direction of stress acting on the shoe, as a result of the additional spring stress increases. However, such behavior is dangerous.

In other known embodiments of devices of the type mentioned at the outset, a raised or raised position leads of the foot to a change of the mutual effective range of the one element on the other, whereby however Can set play, which can lead to disadvantageous fluctuations, or the possibility of undulating movements, which are harmful to the foot.

₄ The disadvantages outlined are avoided by a device designed according to the present invention. The device is characterized according to the invention in that gowns are provided in order to determine the resistance of a force which acts about a perpendicular axis according to a function which is determined independently of the force at which the device yields when the force is about a horizontal axis running axis acts, so that the resistance and thus the point of Hachgenda depends on whether the force acts around one or the other pivot axis.

008086/1565

203412A

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Llehrere exemplary embodiments according to the invention trained
Devices are shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device designed according to the invention with engagement and arrangement at the front end de .; Boot in side view with axially running
Cutting plane. ·

FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a sectional view with a sectional plane running along the line II-II in FIG .- ■ .- ■■

Fig. 3 shows a detail of the device, in particular the Indentation in a sectional view at in the direction of the central plane the recess running cutting plane and in a perspective view.

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the recess in a the representation corresponding to FIG. 3.

Figures 5 to 7 show schematic views of three different ones. Positions of the locking device which are distributed over the length of the formation of the recess according to FIG.

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a second possible one Design of the recess.

009885/1565

Pig. 9 shows an axially sectioned side view of a second embodiment of the one designed according to the invention Device for training to hold the heel of the boot against the plague.

Pig. 10 shows the device according to Pig, FIG. 9 in a sectional view at along the line X-X in Pig. 9 running section plane with a lateral displacement of the foot, which however expires without shifting the height of the same.

Pig. 11 shows a plan view of the piston of the locking device in a position that corresponds to the reproduction in FIG is equivalent to.

Pig. 12 shows one of the pig. 9 corresponding view of the device after a displacement of the boot in the direction of the wave.

Pig. FIGS. 13 and 14 show views similar to FIGS. 10 and 11 correspond to the device after it has been shifted to the side.

Pig. 15 shows a side view and an axial section illustration a third embodiment of the device designed according to the invention, which like the second embodiment intended to plague a heel of a boot

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Pig. 16 shows a sectional view of the device according to Pig. at along the line XVI-XVI in Pig. 15 running sectional plane and shows the device after lateral displacement without, Shift in height.

Pig. 17 shows one of the pig. 16 corresponding front view.

Pig. 18 shows one of the pig. 15 corresponding view of the device after shifting the boot in height and shifting it to the side, which is clearer from the pig. 16 comparable Pig. 19 can be seen.

Pig. Figure 20 shows an end view of the in Pig. 19 shown device part .

Pig. 21 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention formed device in an axially sectioned side view when training for engagement in the front end of the boot.

Pig. 22 shows a detail of the device according to Pig. 21.

Pig. 23 shows one of the pig. 21 corresponding view of the device after shifting the height of the boot.

Pig. Fig. 24 shows a sectional view of the device according to Pig. with the sonic plane running along the line X ^ IV-XXIV and

shows the details of the device after the lateral deflection of the boot in a top view *

Pig. 25 shows a side view, cut in the axial direction, of a fifth embodiment of the one designed according to the invention Device in the design of the same for holding a paragraph.

Pig. 26 shows a previous drawing that is comparable View of the device according to Pig. 25 »where the components stand in a position that results after shifting the height of the boot.

Pig. 27 shows a sixth embodiment of the invention trained device in an axially sectioned side view.

Pig. 28 shows a previous representation or FIG Pig. 27 corresponding view of the device after the boot has been raised.

Pig. 29 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention trained device in an axially sectioned side view.

Pig. 30 shows a representation corresponding to the previous figure and leaves the details of the device in one

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Recognize the situation, which after a certain increase in the Boots results.

Reference is now first made to FIGS. 1 to 3. In these figures, a device is shown by means of which a boot 1 can be attached to a ski 2. The device has a holding piece 3 which is on the boot 1, in particular the sole 4 of the boot, acts. That Holding piece is held in an articulated manner with respect to a support 5 and can be pivoted about two axes. The one of these two swivel axes forms a horizontal swivel axis 6, about which the holding piece 3 is pivotably articulated to an intermediate piece. The intermediate piece 7 is on a perpendicular The direction of the pivot axis 8 is pivotably mounted. Through this vertical pivot axis 8, the intermediate piece 7 is with a support 5 pivotally connected. As a result of this articulation, the holding piece 3 is cardan-like with respect to the support 5 pivotable. A locking device holds the holding piece 3 firmly in its position of use. This locking device consists of two interacting elements together. One of these interacting elements is, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, a ball 9, which is received in a recess 10 which is provided in the support 5. This ball 9 is acted upon by a spring 11, which is also received in the recess 10 and the other end of which is on an adjustment screw

000885/1565

• ·

be 12, which is also screwed into the recess 10 »The adjusting screw 12 has an adjusting head that is enlarged in diameter, possibly knurled 13, which enables the screw to be actuated by hand.

In the holding piece 5, a recess 14 is provided, which for Receipt of the ball 9, or is used for their engagement.

When a vertical or lateral force is applied to the Boot 1 is transmitted, this force tries to deflect the holding piece 3 in one direction or the other. Included but the ball 9 must be pushed back into the interior of the recess 10 against the action of the spring. As soon as the ball 9 has come free from the recess 14, is also the locking device, or the device for fastening the Boots on skis, free or open.

In the Ausführungebeispiel the inventively designed device, which is just described, both the surface of the recess 14 are both sides of a Kitttlebtne lying halves (see in detail Pig. 3) obtained by shifting or displacement of a generating line 15, for example, from one end E ₁ the recess is moved to the other end E ₂ and relates to a given profile 16. In the just described embodiment of the device, the generator 15 is in the sense of a

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Moves parallel displacement to itself and it forms an angle x with the center plane P of the recess 14. Due to the construction of the surfaces, the angle χ is constant _{during the displacement of the generatrix 15 from one end E 1 of} the recess 14 to the other end E _2. A recess 14 designed in this way consequently forms a series of parallel generatrices which define planes of contact between the ball 9 which define a constant inclination at the point of engagement. The angle χ is constant even when the ball 9 is in the central plane and wanders past the point O. The same applies to the other points when the ball moves along or over the Q or S points.

The stress on the spring 11, which is determined by the height of the ball

■ ■ r. -

9 is defined, remains independent of the moment of unlocking and the angle χ remains due to the structural design constant, so that the unlocking force Β constantly is constant and is expressed by the following formula let it

It should be noted that a surface VT of the holding piece 3 is formed by a spherical surface area which has a radius R, the center of which lies at the intersection of the axes of the two pivot axes 6 and 8.

009885/1566

\. £ AD ORIGINAL

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In other words, this configuration results the device, if the boot, if any is exposed to a displacement force in the perpendicular direction, the Effect that the force required to unlock the device or ski binding is always required in the event of a lateral load remains the same regardless of the altitude of the boot 1 at the moment with respect to the ski 2 ·

Eb it should be mentioned that numerous different shapes of the recess 14 are possible. FIG. 4 shows a first variant in which the recess 14 is formed by a series of generators »which form angles χ with the central plane P, which extend over the length of the movement of the displacer» from point 0 to the ends E _{1 of} the recess 14 to the other end of E ₂ constantly change *

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show in schematic views which positions the ball 9 assumes in the recess 14 within three different positions along the length of the recess · A position s, a position ρ and a position u are shown * The three figures 5 to 7 show * that the force F of the spring 11 changes from the value F _n to "value F" when the ball moves back and forth between the three positions. But it can also be seen that the unlocking force D remains constant because the construction

001085/1565 ν

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tion results in the following relationships:

FIG. 6J shows a second variant of the configuration of the recess 14, in which the surface of the recess halves is obtained with the aid of a series of generators which represent curved curves. Advantageously, the angle x that each of the generators forms with the center plane P of the recess 14 is not constant only along the length from the end E ^ to the end Sp. As a result, the length of the locking device determines the angle and thus the force which must be applied to effect the desired unlocking.

A second exemplary embodiment of the device designed according to the invention is shown in FIG. At this The boot 1 is designed in the area of its sole 4 held by his heel or heel end. The holding piece 3 is hinged to the support 5, which is on the surface of the ski 2 attached 1st. The support 5 carries a round body 18 which is held on a shaft 19 which is in turn attached to the support 5. In this embodiment the one of the interacting elements, v.-e "l before together form the locking device, through which the holding piece is held in its position of use,

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formed by a piston 20 which is accommodated in a recess 21 of the holding piece 3 and which is subject to the action of a spring 22 which can be pretensioned differently by means of an adjusting screw 23 with an actuating head 24. The piston 20 interacts with a round body or pivot pin that is formed by the rotary head 18. In this embodiment of the device, the rotating head 18 has a flat 25 against which the end face 26 of the piston presses. The position in which the device is not released corresponds to the position in which the two flat surfaces 25 and 26 rest on one another. In this embodiment of the device, one of the two flat surfaces, for example surface 26, has a bevel 27 through which a rib or elevation 28 is formed, which acts as a resistance between the two elements 20 and 18 when a force acting in the perpendicular direction is applied the boot is exercised. If, as FIG. 12 shows, there is a yield in the vertical direction, then the piston remains on the flat surface 25 of the pivot pin 18 by means of the rib 28 in the contact. In the case of or under the influence of a lateral force that acts at the same time on the boot and which has already caused, for example, the high-level steering * let alone the length of the rib 26na0get> for the resistance to unlocking.

Figures 10 and 11 show the lever arms which are effective

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203A1U

-are to hold the device in the holding position xu. The lever arm actuated when a lateral deflection force acts has a length r. In contrast, however 1st of the lever arm which is effective to withhold the Vorrichtungeteile in the source and holding position, then if 'the device only a lateral Auilenkung but ■ at the same time a force acting in Höhenrlohtung deflection is not terworfen un- j alone , indicated by the length r *, which · smaller than! the length r 1st. This reduction of the lever arm of values r:

to the value r ¹ is used to compensate for the increase "in the tension" of the spring 22 which results when the boot is deflected in the vertical direction.

A third embodiment of the device designed according to the invention, which is shown in FIGS. 15 to 20, is very similar to the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 to 14. In this third embodiment ^:

the heel area of a boot is also recorded. In this third embodiment of the device, the j The same basic component was previously used. The device has the already mentioned holding piece 3 » the support 5, the pivot 18, the piston 20, the spring 22, the adjusting screw 23 and the chamfer 27. However, in this third embodiment, the chamfer 27 instead of j flat surface in the form of a curved surface, ■ © that a number of adjacent or on top of each other:

001185/1565

of the following contact ribs, which come into effect when the interacting elements 18 and 20 are pivoted one after the other. With such a structural design, however, it is possible, by reducing the length of the lever arm r, to compensate for any increase in the tension of the spring 22 su that results depending on the height of the boot or lifting it in relation to the ski 2. The pressure or impact required to unlock this device and release the binding in the event of a force acting in the lateral direction, however, remains practically seen over the entire length of the deflection of the boot from its initial position in which it is in contact with the ski 2 ₉ constant up to the maximum maximum days granted by the degree of presence of the bond. ; ;

A fourth Ausführungebeispiel the inventive device designed i "t shown in Figures 2% to 24 hours. This device also has the already mentioned Haite8tück 5, which acts on the boot i and presses this i against the surface of a ski 2 or with this upper; keeps the area in contact. The holding piece 3 is carried by a shaft 29 which ends in a Spitat 30 «, The 'shaft 29 is firmly connected to a cross piece 31, the al® transverse. ; plate is formed and presses against a {fegesifläoh © 32, '

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which is provided on the inside of a box 33 through which the shaft 29 is passed. The box has an opening 34 for this purpose. A socket 35 forms a conical recess 36. The tip 30 of the shaft 29 is due to the inclination of the recess 36 in this recess kept centered. The Ffanne with the recess 36 and the tip 30 on the shaft 29 are under the Effect of a spring 37 in engagement with each other, which in turn is supported on a "second pan 38, which by means of an adjusting screw 39 »which is inserted into a threaded hole 40 of the box 33 is supported. The box 33 is i:. connected to the ski 2.

In this embodiment of the device designed according to the invention, one of the two interacting elements, in the present case the shaft 29 with the plate 31 can be pivoted back and forth with respect to a longitudinal axis TT.The shaft 29 is movable in all directions with respect to the longitudinal axis YT. However, the spring 37 endeavors to keep the shaft 29 in alignment with the Läageachee. The Ruhepotition or Work position of this apparatus will geJKihaffent by the support surface 41 AEIE fieh * n of the plate 31 is located and the t against Hm Gegenflftehe 32 * chains or Öehiue * 35 presses * DIT Oegenflache 32 forms dee "wide Eleeentder two operating elements.

001186/1565

Lateral edges 42, 43 and 44 of the support surface 41 determine pivot points, the radial distance between which in relation to the longitudinal axis YY determine the value of the resistance of the device to a solution. In this exemplary embodiment of the device designed according to the invention, the side edges 42 and 43 converge with respect to one another, the convergence increasing with regard to or corresponding to the height distance of the respective point from the longitudinal axis YY. (See Figure 22.) This convergence has the consequence that the lever arm, which tries to hold the holding piece 3 in its starting position, after a lateral deflection of the boot from a value a, for example to a value b between the points m and η decreases. This decrease in the lever arm when the holding piece 3 is deflected in the vertical direction compensates for the increase in the spring tension, which increases from a value F to a higher value F '. By construction one can establish the following equation or similarity relation:

F ¹ 'b ~ F' a

As FIGS. 21 and 23 show, the plate 31 is curved downwards so that the line of contact between this plate and the mating surface 32 of the Kaötens or housing 33 extend along a series of successive generatrices moves with decreasing length.

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INSPECTED

2Q34124

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FIG. 24 shows the device in its position after the boot has undergone a vertical deflection and, at the same time, a lateral deflection was subjected. On the basis of the given construction and the properties of the device, the following inequality can be set up:

F "· h"<rΪ ¹ * hm. '

In the aforementioned inequality, F "denotes the spring pressure after adding the different stresses acting in the height and lateral directions. H _n denotes the distance between the line of action through the tip 30 and the line of action through the contact point m the line of action that passes through point 30 separates from the line of action that passes through point m.

A fifth embodiment of the inventively designed The device is shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. This device acts on the heel end of a boot 1 and presses it against the surface of a ski 2. The device acts on the sole part 4 of the boot and points the holding piece 3, which has already been mentioned several times, is pivotable about a horizontally extending axis 45 on a support piece 46 is articulated, which in turn is articulated about a pivot axis 47 extending in the Iotrichtung on a support 48 which is attached to the surface of the ski 2. The two interacting elements which ensure that the parts of the

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Device to be kept in the position of use are formed by a ball 49 and a ball channel 50. The ball 49 engages in this groove 50, which is designed in the form of a depression on part 51. The part 51 is located in the holding piece 3. To accommodate this ball groove, however, the holding piece is equipped with a lever arm. The ball 49, on the other hand, is accommodated in a recess 52! which is provided in one end of a lever 53 which is held pivotably about an axis 54 which is carried by the support 48. On Toggle _s the end of this lever 53 acts in a point 55, a pin 56 under the resilient force of a spring 57 on this lever, a. The tension of the peder is adjustable by means of an adjusting screw 58 which is screwed into a threaded hole 59 of the support 48. The tension of the spring 57 therefore acts in the direction of an arrow F ₁ , while the action of the ball 49 on the recess 50 takes place in the direction of an arrow Cj.

The kinematics of the levers 3, 51 and 53 is chosen so that every increase in the tension of the spring 57, which occurs when a load acting in the vertical direction occurs, leads to an increase in the lever arm or the lever arm length, which in turn leads to this increase compensated for the spring compression. Figures 25 and 26 show that the force of the ball 49 with which it engages in the recess 50 has a value G ₁ and is exerted via a lever arm a _B der-

ooitasnsss

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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extends from the pivot axis 54. After a vertical deflection or movement of the boot 1, the holding piece 3 is also pivoted. In this case, a force "Cp" from the ball .'9 over the recess 50, however, over exerted a lever arm which has a greater length b. Ea must therefore set up the following equation, which shows the different ratios of the lever arm lengths and forces expresses:

In the above equation, P | denotes the tension of the spring 57 in the initial position, P "the tension of the spring deflection, a and b the variable values of the lengths of the lever arm 53. Since" the force C. can be maintained, the force C ₂ is equal to, the force required for a lateral unlocking of this device constant.

A sixth embodiment of the device designed according to the invention is shown in FIGS. In this embodiment, the holding piece 3, which acts directly on the boot, is articulated to be pivotable about an axis running without a shaft to an intermediate piece 61, which in turn is articulated via a horizontally running axis 62 to a support 63 which is on the upper side of the ski is attached. A lever 64 is by means of an axis 65

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2034T24

also hinged to the support 63. This lever is at a different point along its length, namely at a joint 66 connected to a pressure piece 67, which is acted upon by a spring 68, which is in a tubular housing 69 is received, which in turn is articulated to the support 63 via an axis 70. An adjustment screw 71 is in screwed into the interior of the tubular housing 69 and allows the tension of the housed in this housing Adjust spring 68. At the free end 72, the lever 64 has a recess 73 into which a ball 74 is inserted. A recess 75 is formed on the inside of the holding piece 3 and is arranged in such a way that it interacts with the ball 74 can. In this embodiment of the device designed according to the invention, the spring 68 acts on the Lever 64 and thus at the same time also on the ball 74 in such a way that the lever is acted upon in an articulated manner and is the direction of action of the spring changes depending on the load and thus depending on the position of the holding piece 3 on the Ski 2. Due to this construction of the device designed according to the invention there is the possibility of the individual To choose parameters so that the effective component of the force of the spring 68, which a lateral displacement ^ of the holding piece 3 seeks to prevent remains essentially constant, despite an additional stress caused by a Raising the holding piece 3 results. In other words, it can the following equation can be developed:

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BATH ORIGINAL

² * = 1 * ^a = G ₂ = C ₁ = constant

L ₂

In the above equation, P ₁ denotes the force of the spring 68 in the initial state, P ₂ ^^ ® force of the peder after a load exerted on the shoe, a and b are the variable values of the lever arm of the knee joint connection, and L ₂ are the variable values of the second lever

It should be noted that the socket for the ball 74, i.e. the Well 75, can have different shapes. pre-condition it is only that it is ensured that the side unlocking takes place at constant values when constant forces are exerted on the ball 74 itself. '

A final form of the device designed according to the invention is shown in FIGS. The device is used to fasten a boot 1 on a ski 2 and it has a holding piece 3 which is pivotable about a horizontally extending axis 76 on a holding piece 77 is hinged, which in turn around a perpendicular Axis 78 is rotatable with respect to a support 79, which is attached to the top of the ski 2. In the Support 79 is a recess 80 in which two

00g885 / 1565

Balls 82 and 81 are housed. A spring 85 acts on the ball 82. The other, free end of the spring presses against; a threaded bushing 84, which is screwed into the recess 80 and offers the possibility of the tension of the Adjust spring 85. The spring 85 has the inclination, the ball 82 and the ball 81 out of the recess 80 through a lateral opening 85 in the support.79. The outermost However, ball 81 is for engagement in a recess provided, which is located in the opposite surface that is part of the holding piece 5. This area is located on an extension 87 which runs perpendicular to the surface of the ski 2.

The aforementioned structural design makes it possible to to achieve that the effective component of the force 7 the spring 85 remains essentially constant, despite additional Stress that results, for example, when the holding piece, or the boot, from the starting position shown in FIG. 29 under load in the height direction in changed to another position, which is shown in FIG.

The force F _{1 of} the spring 85, which is exerted on the ball 82, is broken down into a force F ¹ J, which is transmitted from the ball 82 to the ball 81, and this ball 01 in turn acts on the ball with a force C ^ infticbtung ® Yertie-

BATH ORIGINAL

. ■ - 23 -

fung 86. It is therefore possible through a suitable, constructive design and selection of the diameter of the balls 81 and 82 to achieve that the force C remains constant, or is essentially equal to the force C ₂ . C ₂ results from the decomposition of the force Fp after the boot is stressed. The decomposition results in a force P ¹ ρ, which is transmitted from the ball 82 to the runner] H1, or, after composition, leads back to the force Cp ₁ which is exerted on the recess 86 by the ball 81.

All of the aforementioned, explained exemplary embodiments of the erfindungsger.üß trained device or ski binding, which are also shown in the drawings, can be used both for the plague holding the toes of shoes, as a \ me for the singing reef used at the end of boots or in the heel areas will. In all of these embodiments, a or multiple lever assemblies, balls, joints, pivot pins or Like. Applied, which act between each of the two cooperating elements to the retaining piece, which is on the Boot acts to lock resiliently. It's for that ensured that it can be freely adjusted by hand is. Certain parts of the devices constructed according to the invention can be brought to act directly on the sole of the boot. All execution forms of the invention trained devices are designed so that a substantially constant and of height deflections of the

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Sole in relation to the ski independent, lateral release forces be achieved. With all devices, full corrections of the side forces, for example can be achieved by a force reduction correctly adapted to the respective situation. Certain principles of puncture the devices designed and described according to the invention can also be combined in one and the same embodiment will. As an example, it should be pointed out that, for example, the special shape of the recess shown in FIGS is also applicable to devices which are described in FIGS. 27 to 30.

Expectations

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BATH ORIGINAL.

Claims (13)

- 25 claims 1. Device for securing a boot on a ski, in which a holding piece acts on the ski, which is pivotable with respect to a support about two axes and is held against such pivoting by two interacting elements in the position of use, which is under the action of a spring that applied to one of the two elements, are in engagement, one of the two elements for common movement firmly connected to the holding piece, the other firmly connected to the support and the engagement pressure for setting the limit resistance of the binding is freely selectable, since d urchgeke η η ζ calibrated η et that means are provided to determine the resistance of a force which acts around a perpendicular axis (8) after a puncture, which is determined regardless of the force at which the device yields when the force extends around a horizontally Axis (6) acts so that the resistance and thus the point of the smile depends on whether the force is around one or the other other swivel axis acts. 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein one of the two interacting elements is a recess, the other is designed as a protrusion engaging therein, d a through marked * that the upper 0QM85 / 1565 . BAD ORlQlNAL surface of each of the halves of the recess (14) lying on both sides of its central plane (P) by displacement a generating line (15) relating to a given profile (16) from one end (E- |) to the other end (E 2) the deepening is gained. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that that the surface of the recess (14) is parallel by moving the generatrix (15) is won to itself. (Pig. 3) 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that the generatrix (15) with the central plane (P) forms an angle (x) which extends from one to the other end of the recess (I4) changes. (Pig. 4). 5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that the generating line (15) is a straight line. 6. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that the generatrix (15) is a curved line. , 7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the depth of the Vertie- 009885/1565 fung (14) changed from one end (E ₁ ) to the other end (Ep). 8. Performing according to claim 1, wherein one of the beflen cooperating elements is formed by a piston which rests under the load of a spring on a pivot pin, wherein the rigid position is determined by the position of two superposed, flat surfaces, of which the one äff: pivot pin and the other is on the piston, d ad urchgeke η η ζ eich η et that one of the two flat surfaces (25, 26), namely the surface (26) has a bevel (27) which between the two Elements (1B, Zi,) forms a contact rib (28) as a resistance against yielding in the vertical direction, the length (r ¹ ) of this rib (28) being selected so as to reduce the lever arm shortening of the compensation of the spring (22) ( Fig. 9) to compensate for any increase in the limit resistance. 9 »Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized ge - k mn η ζ ei ch η et, daiä di * Abschrligung (2 ^'y) ge krüa t Verl & UFT and successive resistances between the two interacting elements (18, 20) FCEI (Pig. 15) a pivoting of one element in relation to the other, the value of which changes with the length (r) in relation to the Kachbar values of the resistance. 009885/1565 BATH ORIGINAL 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one of the two interacting elements (according to Pig. 21) swinging back and forth in all directions between both sides of a longitudinal axis movable, but yielding in alignment under the influence of a spring Position is held to the longitudinal axis, its rest position by a support surface provided on it and a corresponding one Opposite surface on the other element is determined while P the support surface of the oscillating movable element side edges has, which define pivot points, the radial distance from the longitudinal axis of which the size of the binding resistance defined, characterized in that the side edges (42, 43) with increasing height spacing of the longitudinal axis (Y-Y, Figure 22) converge to a greater extent to one another. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the two cooperate Elements are supported by levers, thereby characterized in that the kinematics of the two levers (51 »53) is chosen so that any increase in the tension of the The spring (57) increases in size when a force is applied in the vertical direction of a lever arm (a - b), which compensates for the increase in spring tension. 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that - V. e η η ζ eich η et that the spring (68) (Fig. 27) like a gel: on one of the interacting elements (74, 75) 009885/1565 BATH ■ ■ - - 29 - ■.: ■ acts so that see the direction of action depending on the load changes, the position being chosen so that the active component (G) of the force of the spring (68) despite a greater Counterforce remains essentially constant. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (83) on one of the two interacting elements (81, 86) acts via intermediary transmission balls (82), the position of which is selected in this way is that the active component (C) 'of the force of the spring (83) (Fig. 29) despite an exceeding counterforce in the remains essentially constant. V / S 008885/1565 BATH ORIGINAL