DE20321177U1 - Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks - Google Patents
Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE20321177U1 DE20321177U1 DE20321177U DE20321177U DE20321177U1 DE 20321177 U1 DE20321177 U1 DE 20321177U1 DE 20321177 U DE20321177 U DE 20321177U DE 20321177 U DE20321177 U DE 20321177U DE 20321177 U1 DE20321177 U1 DE 20321177U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- copper
- blocks
- tin
- disks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010290 vacuum plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 alloys of these Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003197 gene knockdown Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine metallisch beschichtete Graphitscheibe bzw. einen solchen Graphitblock, insbesondere für eine Kohlebürste elektrischer Maschinen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The The invention relates to a metallically coated graphite disk or such a graphite block, in particular for a carbon brush electrical Machines, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Es besteht häufig der Wunsch, Graphitscheiben bzw. Graphitblöcke gut elektrisch leitend bzw. wärmeleitend mit einem metallischen Grundkörper zu verbinden. Solche Verbindungen oder Befestigungen werden nach dem Stand der Technik in der Regel durch Löten hergestellt. Um eine Verankerung des Lots im Graphitmaterial zu erreichen, muss jedoch die Graphitoberfläche aufwendig vorbehandelt werden.It is often the desire, graphite disks or graphite blocks well electrically conductive or heat-conducting with a metallic body too connect. Such connections or attachments are made after the Prior art usually produced by soldering. An anchorage of the solder in the graphite material, however, the graphite surface must be expensive pretreated.
Zur Verbesserung dieser Technik ist es bereits bekannt, die Graphitscheibe oder den Graphitblock mit einer metallischen Schicht auszustatten, die einfach und zuverlässig mit dem metallischen Grundkörper verlötet werden kann.to To improve this technique, it is already known the graphite disc or to provide the graphite block with a metallic layer, the easy and reliable with the metallic base body soldered can be.
Zu
diesem Zweck ist es bekannt, einen sogenannten grünen Pressling
aus einem hochgraphithaltigen Werkstoff, der ein aushärtbares
Duroplast oder ein Thermoplast als Binder enthält, mit einer hochmetallhaltigen
Schicht zu verpressen (
Zur Fertigungsvereinfachung ist eine Variante des voranstehenden Verfahrens besonders günstig, bei der der Formkörper ohne metallische Körper an/in der Schicht aus hochmetallhaltigem Werkstoff geformt und gesintert ist. Nach diesem Verfahren kann ein Thermoplast als Bindemittel in dem hochgraphithaltigen Werkstoff bei dem Sintern verkleben bzw. ein Duroplast in dem hochgraphithaltigen Werkstoff aushärten, womit ein mechanisch widerstandsfähiger formstabiler grüner Pressling ohne metallischen Grundkörper gebildet wird. – Der hochmetallhaltige Werkstoff enthält dabei im wesentlichen Kupfer und/oder Zink, wobei reine Metalle, aber auch Anlegierungen dieser Metalle eingesetzt werden können. Ausser Zink können Zusätze von Antimon, Silber und Wismut vorteilhaft sein.to Manufacturing simplification is a variant of the above method very cheap, in the case of the molding without metallic body on / in the layer of high metal content material formed and sintered is. Following this procedure, a thermoplastic can be used as a binder in the highly graphitic material in the sintering gluing or curing a thermoset in the hochgraphithaltigen material, which a mechanically resistant dimensionally stable green Pressling is formed without a metallic body. - The high metal content Contains material essentially copper and / or zinc, where pure metals, but also alloys of these metals can be used. Except Zinc can additions of antimony, silver and bismuth be beneficial.
Wenngleich nach diesem Verfahren gute Ergebnisse erzielbar sind, ist der erforderliche Aufwand auf Dauer erheblich, um zu vermeiden, dass sich erhebliche Metallanteile bzw. Metallpartikelmengen bei dem Aufbringen der Schicht aus hochmetallhaltigem Werkstoff auf die Schicht aus Graphitpartikeln mit dieser vermengen, was die Eigenschaften des gesinterten Presslings negativ beeinflussen kann.Although good results can be achieved by this method is the required Expenditure in the long term significantly, to avoid being significant Metal shares or amounts of metal particles in the application of the layer made of high-metal-containing material on the layer of graphite particles mix with this what the properties of the sintered compact can negatively influence.
Weiterhin ist es bekannt, eine Graphitscheibe oder einen Graphitblock mit einem galvanischen Überzug aus Kupfer oder Zinn zu versehen, um diesen lötfähig zu gestalten. Hierbei muss jedoch das Risiko ausgeschlossen werden, dass die hochmetallische Schicht nicht fest auf dem Graphit haftet, weshalb das Galvanisierverfahren verhältnismäßig aufwendig ist. Hinzu kommen erforderliche Maßnahmen, um das Verfahren umweltfreundlich zu gestalten, was insbe sondere beinhalten kann, dass in die Umgebung zu entlassende Bäder zuvor zu neutralisieren sind.Farther it is known to use a graphite disk or a graphite block a galvanic coating made of copper or tin to make this solderable. This must However, the risk that the high-metallic Layer does not adhere firmly to the graphite, which is why the galvanizing process relatively expensive is. Added to this are necessary measures to make the process environmentally friendly to design, which may in particular include that in the environment to be released baths previously neutralize.
Bekannt
ist auch ein Verbinden von Graphitplatten untereinander oder mit
metallischen Untergründen,
wobei die Metallschicht u.a. mittels Spritzen aufgebracht werden
kann (
Zum
Stand der Technik gehört
weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Beschichten von Kohlenstoffsubstraten,
bei dem Metalle und Legierungen mittels Plasmaspritzen aufgetragen
werden (
Zum
Stand der Technik gehört
auch ein Kohlekörper
mit einer gespritzten Metallschicht (
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt dementsprechend die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum metallischen Beschichten von Graphitscheiben oder -blöcken zu schaffen, welches bei Vermeidung der Nachteile bekannter Verfahren eine gute Materialtrennung der Graphitscheibe bzw. des Graphitblocks und der hochmetallischen Schicht – mit Ausnahme einer Grenzschicht zwischen der Graphitschicht und der hochmetallischen Schicht – gewährleistet, wobei die hochmetallische Schicht zuverlässig auf der Graphitschicht haften soll und eine Belastung der Umwelt bei Durchführung dieses Herstellungsverfahrens gering gehalten werden soll.Of the The present invention is accordingly based on the object a method for the metallic coating of graphite disks or blocks which, while avoiding the disadvantages of known methods a good material separation of the graphite disc or the graphite block and the high-metal layer - with Exception of a boundary layer between the graphite layer and the high-alloyed layer - ensures the high-metal layer reliably on the graphite layer should adhere to and burden the environment while performing this Manufacturing process to be kept low.
Diese Aufgabe wird für eine metallisch beschichtete Graphitscheibe bzw. einen beschichteten Graphitblock, insbesondere für eine Kohlebürste elektrischer Maschinen, gemäss Anspruch 1 gelöst.These Task is for a metallically coated graphite disk or a coated graphite block, especially for a carbon brush electric Machines, according to Claim 1 solved.
Nach dem metallischen Beschichten der Graphitscheiben bzw. -blöcke durch Vakuumplasmaspritzen weisen diese besonders dichte metallische Schichten ohne Gaseinschlüsse auf.To the metallic coating of the graphite discs or blocks Vacuum plasma spraying has these particularly dense metallic layers without gas inclusions on.
Die beschichteten Graphitscheiben bzw. -blöcke können für die hochmetallische Schicht insbesondere Kupfer und Zinn, auch Legierungen von diesen, aufweisen. Die auf die Graphitscheibe oder den Graphitblock in dieser Weise thermisch aufgespritzte Metallschicht haftet auf dieser besonders fest und ist damit unproblematisch lötfähig.The Coated graphite disks or blocks may be used for the high-metal layer in particular copper and tin, including alloys of these, have. The on the graphite disk or the graphite block in this way thermally sprayed metal layer adheres to this particular fixed and is therefore problematic solderable.
Das Plasmaspritzen wird in der Weise durchgeführt, dass zwischen einer stiftförmigen Kathode und einer als Düse geformten Anode ein Lichtbogen gezündet wird, der in die hohle Anode eingeleitetes Plasmagas erhitzt, anregt, dissoziert und ionisiert. Ein pulverförmiges, in dem vorliegenden Anwendungsfall metallisches Spritzmaterial kann dem Plasmastrahl ausserhalb der Anode zugeführt werden oder auch innerhalb der Anode, wobei die Partikel in dem Plasmastrahl erhitzt, geschmolzen und auf das Substrat in Form der Graphitscheibe oder des Graphitblocks beschleunigt werden, auf der bzw. auf dem sie sich schichtbildend niederschlagen. Bei der Schichtbildung entsteht eine für thermisch gespritzte Schichten charakteristische lamellare Struktur.The Plasma spraying is carried out in such a way that between a pin-shaped cathode and one as a nozzle shaped anode is an arc ignited in the hollow Anode initiated plasma gas heated, excited, dissociated and ionized. One powdery, in the present application, metallic spray material can be supplied to the plasma jet outside the anode or within the anode, with the particles heated in the plasma jet, melted and on the substrate in the form of the graphite disc or the graphite block be accelerated, on or on which it is layering knock down. The layer formation creates one for thermal sprayed layers characteristic lamellar structure.
Zur verbesserten Haftung der auf die Oberfläche der Graphitscheibe bzw. des Graphitblocks durch Vakuumplasmaspritzen aufgebrachten metallischen Schicht kann diese Oberfläche gemäss Anspruch 2 zuvor durch Sandstrahlen mit Korund aufgerauht sein.to improved adhesion of the on the surface of the graphite disc or of the graphite block applied by vacuum plasma spraying metallic Layer can this surface according to Claim 2 be previously roughened by sandblasting with corundum.
Die Vorteile der solcherart beschichteten Graphitscheiben bzw. Graphitblöcke dieser Beschichtung bestehen zusammenfassend in dem zuverlässigen festen Haften jeweils der metallischen Schicht an der vorzugsweise aufgerauhten Oberfläche der Graphitscheibe bzw. des Graphitblocks, der guten Materialtrennung zwischen der metallischen Schicht und dem Grundmaterial der Graphitscheibe oder des Graphitblocks und in dem fertigungsgünstigen Herstellungsverfahren auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Umweltschonung.The Advantages of graphite sheets or graphite blocks coated in this way Coating consist overall in the reliable solid Adhere each of the metallic layer to the preferably roughened surface the graphite disc or the graphite block, the good material separation between the metallic layer and the base material of the graphite disk or of the graphite block and in the production manufacturing process also from the point of view of environmental protection.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20321177U DE20321177U1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20321177U DE20321177U1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks |
| DE2003138148 DE10338148A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE20321177U1 true DE20321177U1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
Family
ID=36500615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20321177U Expired - Lifetime DE20321177U1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Process for the coating graphite disks or blocks with copper or tin e.g. graphite brushes of electric machines comprises thermally spraying the copper or tin onto the surface of the graphite disks or blocks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE20321177U1 (en) |
-
2003
- 2003-08-15 DE DE20321177U patent/DE20321177U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 20060614 |
|
| R150 | Term of protection extended to 6 years |
Effective date: 20060915 |
|
| R151 | Term of protection extended to 8 years |
Effective date: 20090910 |
|
| R158 | Lapse of ip right after 8 years |
Effective date: 20120301 |