DE20313006U1 - Artificial ageing process, for improving appearance of concrete building blocks or paving stones, uses vibrating machine pressing tool with shaped bosses against block to cut pattern in surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The stone or concrete block (1) may be rectangular, with a flat surface (2), and the bosses on the vibrating tool may cut an array of square and rectangular pits (5) with sloping sides (4) and flat bottoms with four, six or eight bosses. Each tool rim may have a raised rim and a flat central portion with holes set at a slightly lower level.

Description

PATENT AND LAW FIRM Alte Ulmer Straße 2
LORENZ & COLLEAGUES D-89522 Heidenheim

19.08.2003 LR/UL
File: KBH 614 6GM/DE

Applicant:

Gebhart building materials and
Sons GmbH +Co. KG
Hochstrasse 2
88317 Aichstetten

Device for artificial aging of stones

The invention relates to a device for the artificial ageing of stones, in particular concrete blocks and brick clinkers, by impact.

A generic device is known from EP 0 8 60 258 A1.

Stones, such as paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime bricks, concrete blocks, bricks or brick clinkers and the like, are often subjected to post-treatment regardless of their material properties.

in order to lose their artificial appearance.

Freshly manufactured, hardened concrete blocks, especially concrete paving stones, are particularly often subjected to this type of post-treatment, during which the surfaces and/or edges are chipped or broken in order to adapt the appearance to natural stones. To do this, the concrete blocks are placed in large numbers in a rotating drum and "rumbled" there, whereby the surfaces and edges of the stones hit each other and the stones treated in this way leave the drum in an "aged" state. A device of this type is known from DE-OS 29 22 393.

When treating the concrete blocks in a rotary drum, surfaces and edges are also treated which are not visible in a pavement, for example when using aged blocks. This is an unnecessary waste of energy and time. Furthermore, it is necessary to

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and to place the concrete blocks leaving the rotary drum in a regular arrangement on a pallet for shipping, which requires an unreasonable amount of labour and time.

State-of-the-art sorting systems are known for sorting the "rumbled" concrete blocks, which align the concrete blocks accordingly and arrange them in pallets. Such sorting systems cause high acquisition and operating costs and also require a corresponding amount of space.

DE 36 21 276 C2 discloses a method in which the concrete blocks are applied in a single layer in a regular arrangement to a panel-shaped base. The exposed surface and the adjacent exposed edges or essentially only the edges of the concrete blocks are then struck irregularly using a vibrating tapping or striking tool.

This process means that a subsequent sorting device is not required, as the production situation is not changed. The disadvantage of this process, however, is that the tapping or striking tools are subject to wear, which leads to corresponding downtimes or set-up times and to additional tool costs.

The generic document, EP 0 860 258 A1, relates to a device and a method in which the stones are "aged" by impact. For this purpose, the stones are arranged in one or two layers, preferably in their production position, between two plates, between which they are struck. The lower plate on which the concrete stones rest is operatively connected to a vibration device. The vibration device, for example by means of unbalance generators, causes the stones to perform a vertical movement or a lifting movement. The stones strike each other as well as the upper and lower plates, whereby the edges on the top and bottom are broken.

In addition, the top and bottom sides of the stones are struck by the respective plates. The vertical side edges of the concrete stones and the side surfaces are broken or struck by the adjacent concrete stones. Similar to the ageing process using the rotary drum, this has the disadvantage that surfaces and edges of the stones are processed that may not even be visible, which means unnecessary waste of energy and time. In addition, the necessary processing time, especially with set concrete stones, is high and the edge breakage is not ideal.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device for the artificial ageing of stones, in particular concrete blocks or brick clinkers, whereby energy- and time-saving ageing in a layered arrangement is possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the support plane is provided with lateral boundaries, wherein the lateral boundaries form aging forms for receiving one stone each.

Because the support surface is provided with lateral boundaries, which form aging forms, each stone can be worked on in a targeted manner. The lateral boundaries prevent the stone from moving sideways towards another stone. As the inventor has determined, the lateral boundaries result in particularly advantageous aging. The vibration device pushes the stones upwards in a known manner or essentially in a vertical direction, whereby the stones are held in their respective aging form by the lateral boundaries when they fall back and their edges strike the lateral boundaries, breaking the edges. This enables targeted processing of the edges, which can be used later when the stone is installed.

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the stone's surface or visible side. This means that no energy or time is wasted on working on edges or surfaces that will not be visible when the stones are later used.

Tests have shown that the formation of individual ageing forms enables particularly effective and time-saving processing of the stone edges.

The ageing process can also be carried out advantageously on concrete blocks that have been manufactured relatively recently. Concrete blocks that have been manufactured this freshly and have not yet hardened sufficiently cannot generally be processed using other methods or devices, as, for example, when ageing in a rotating drum, the risk of the entire block breaking is too high, a correspondingly high level of waste must be accepted, or high additional costs are required to set the blocks quickly.

The device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to maintain the production situation, which means that a time-consuming and costly sorting system can be dispensed with. Costly tapping or striking tools, which require corresponding set-up times, are also not necessary.

It is advantageous if the aging molds are adapted to the dimensions of the surface to be aged (visible side) or the edges of the stone to be aged.

It can be provided that the ageing forms each have different dimensions and shapes, for example if a production layer contains stones with different external dimensions. This can be the case, for example, if the production layer consists of concrete paving stones that are intended to produce a circular pavement.

According to the invention, it can further be provided that the arrangement and the number of ageing molds of a support level are adapted to a production level of stones.

This results in particularly suitable and targeted aging. It is advantageous if the aging molds are designed in such a way or the support level is provided with aging molds in such a way that they can be exchanged quickly and easily if a different production layer is to be processed. The aging molds can, for example, be arranged on a common base plate that is designed as part of the support level or can be connected to it.

In a simple design, the lateral boundaries forming the aging forms can be welded onto the support plane.

It is advantageous if the side boundaries have stops against which the vibrating stones hit.

As tests have shown, by designing the side borders with stops, the stone has a particularly good, aged appearance. This requires only a small amount of energy and time. The appearance of the stone can be easily changed by changing the number of stops and the processing time. Smaller distances between the stops result in finer processing of the stone, as the impact energy and the impact force are distributed accordingly. A larger distance between the stops means that they penetrate deeper into the concrete stone and produce a corresponding appearance.

The stops enable the stone to be processed at specific points, for which a slight vibration is sufficient, saving time and energy.

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In a structural embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the lateral boundaries enclosing the respective stone are adapted to the edge profile of the stone and, starting from the support plane, open upwards in a funnel shape.

As the inventor has discovered, the respective stone falls back into the aging form particularly advantageously due to the funnel-shaped opening of the side borders. In conjunction with the stops with which the side borders can be provided, this results in particularly advantageous aging. The funnel-shaped design also causes the stone to fall back or slide back into the aging form irregularly, so that the stops act on the edges of the stone at different points.

It is advantageous if the stops have an elongated shape and extend diagonally upwards from the direction of the support plane.

The slanting position or the slanting course of the elongated stops means that they reach a larger surface of the stone. If the elongated stops were arranged vertically, the stone would essentially be worked in a line-like vertical or perpendicular direction. This can sometimes give it an artificial appearance. The slanting position of the elongated stops achieves a particularly good ageing result, as has been shown in tests in an unexpected way.

According to the invention, in a structural embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the stops are designed as weld seams or weld beads.

Such a design has proven to be particularly suitable in tests. It is possible to easily reapply the welds when they have worn out due to the aging process, without having to change the lateral boundaries.

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or the support plane must be renewed. The welds are preferably applied to the lateral boundaries at an angle of 20 to 60° to the vertical in such a way that the welds face a stone to be placed in the ageing mold.

As tests have shown, the weld seams are very hard, so that correspondingly high cycle rates can be achieved and, consequently, the proportional set-up times for applying new weld seams are low.

It is advantageous if the lateral boundaries and the floor surfaces of the support level designed as supports for the stones are made of metal, preferably steel, hard metal or a high-strength welding alloy.

The side borders and the floor areas designed as supports for the stones can be realized in a variety of ways. On the one hand,

It is conceivable to attach the side borders to the existing support level, for example by welding them, whereby the support level forms the base surface for the stones. On the other hand, it is also possible to design the aging forms formed from the side borders with their own base surfaces and to connect these aging forms to the support level in modules or as a unit. This prevents damage or wear to the support level, since only the attached modules, consisting of side borders and the base surfaces, are worn by the aging process. These modules can be connected to the support level in a known manner, for example by welding or riveting.

In order to age a surface of the stone facing the bottom surface of the ageing mold, which usually forms the visible side of the stone in the later used state of the stone, stops can be provided on the bottom surface, preferably irregularly distributed, against which the falling stone can be released.

These stops can be point-shaped or elongated. The combination of stops on the side borders and on the floor surface causes both the stone edges and the associated surface (visible side) that is enclosed by the stone edges to be aged.

In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that a stroke limiting element arranged above the stones is provided to limit the amplitude or stroke of the concrete blocks.

The stroke limiting element can be designed to be immobile or can be connected to the aging forms or the support plane in such a way that the stroke limiting element also vibrates.

The lifting limiting element arranged above the stones is not intended (although this would be possible) to impact the stones, but rather to ensure that the stones are not lifted by the vibration device in such a way that

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these are pushed beyond the side limits. A striking effect on the surface that lies on top during the ageing process and that can come into contact with the stroke limiting elements is not necessary because this surface is the non-visible side of the stone when it is in use. This side will form the underside when the stones are used as paving stones, for example.

The stroke limiting element, which is intended to limit the stroke movement of the stones, can be designed in various forms. In a simple embodiment, for example, the stroke limiting element can be designed in the shape of a plate. However, it is also conceivable that the stroke limiting element has a limiting member for each stone, which, for example, represents a stroke limit for the stones in the shape of a pin or grid or in the form of a small stamp.

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With the same vertical distance of the stroke limiting element from the bottom surface of the aging mold, the maximum possible stroke of the stone edges to be processed can be varied by the size or shape of the stroke limiting element or its limiting members. If the stroke limiting element is designed as a plate that covers the entire layer of stones, the edges to be processed can only be raised until the top point of the stone comes into contact with the stroke limiting element. However, if the stroke limiting element is arranged centrally above the stone and only covers a partial surface of the stone, it is possible that the top point of the stone does not come into contact with the limiting member or the stroke limiting element and thus protrudes beyond it. This results in a larger stroke for the stone edges to be processed. This is particularly easy to imagine if the stroke limiting element is designed with a limiting member in the form of small stamps. The stone, which is generally pushed upwards at an angle, is brought into contact with the

Stamp. At this point, the highest point of the stone is already well above the stroke limiting element due to the inclination of the stone.

Advantageous further developments and embodiments emerge from the further subclaims and from the exemplary embodiments shown in principle below with reference to the drawing.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device according to the invention with concrete blocks introduced into the ageing molds;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device according to the invention without concrete blocks;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an ageing form;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the device according to the invention with concrete blocks introduced into the ageing molds and a stroke limiting element;

Fig. 5 a production layer of concrete blocks laid on an elastic or flexible mat; and

Fig. 6 shows a production layer of concrete blocks according to Fig. 5, wherein the elastic or flexible mat is pulled apart in such a way that the individual concrete blocks of the production layer are spaced apart from one another.

According to the invention, any type of stone, for example paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime bricks, concrete blocks, bricks or brick clinkers, can be aged regardless of their material properties. The ageing of stones (1) designed as concrete blocks is described below using the example of an embodiment.

However, the invention is of course not limited to this.

The production of concrete blocks 1, in particular concrete paving blocks, is well known, which is why it will not be discussed in more detail below. The concrete blocks 1 generally leave the production plant in a production position, i.e. in an arrangement in which a large number of concrete blocks 1 are arranged next to one another in a single layer. Such a production position is shown as an example in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.

Figures 1 to 4 show a device for artificially aging concrete blocks 1 by impact. A support plane 2 is in operative connection with a vibration device 3 (see Fig. 3) -

With regard to the vibration device 3, a large number of designs are known from the general state of the art, which is why they will not be discussed in more detail here.

According to the invention, a design of the vibration device 3 with vibrators or with unbalance generators that operate at a speed of 800 to 1,300 rpm, preferably 1,100 rpm, has proven to be particularly suitable.

The support level 2 is provided with lateral boundaries 4, whereby the lateral boundaries 4 form aging molds 5 for each of which can accommodate a concrete block 1. The aging molds 5 are each adapted to the dimensions of the surface to be aged (usually the later visible side of the block) or the stone edges to be aged. The aging molds 5 or the lateral boundaries 4 that form the aging molds 5 enclose the respective concrete block 1 (see Fig. 1).

As can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the side borders 4 surrounding the respective concrete block 1 are adapted to its edge profile. The side borders 4 open upwards in a funnel shape starting from the support plane 2. In the

In the exemplary embodiment, the lateral boundaries 4 open upwards in a funnel shape at an angle of 15 to 60°, preferably 45°. The concrete blocks 1 pushed upwards by the vibration device 3 are thus easily "caught" again by the lateral boundaries 4 or the corresponding aging form 5. An angle of 45° has proven to be particularly suitable for this. The edges of the concrete blocks 1 also strike the lateral boundaries 4 in a particularly advantageous manner.

The lateral boundaries 4 enclose a floor surface 6. As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, it is advantageous if the dimensions of the floor surface 6 are slightly smaller than the facing surface of the concrete block 1 to be placed in the aging mold 5. This ensures that the concrete block 1 does not accidentally fall back flat onto the floor surface 6, but must in any case strike a lateral boundary 4 with one of its edges.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, the lateral boundaries 4 are provided with stops 7 or have stops 7 against which the vibrating concrete blocks 1 strike. In the exemplary embodiment, the stops 7 have an elongated shape and extend diagonally upwards from the direction of the support plane 2. It has proven advantageous if the stops 7 run at an angle of 20° to 60°, preferably 45°, to the vertical. This results in a particularly good optical result and the stops 7 each reach a large area in which they can strike the edges of the concrete block 1 at random. The diagonal arrangement of the stops 7 prevents the stops 7 from merely cutting vertical slots in the concrete block 1, which would look artificial. Due to the oblique arrangement 7, the concrete block 1 is subjected to a sideways movement, whereby the stops 7 not only strike the block 1 vertically from above, but also from the side.

The stops 7 can be aligned essentially parallel or in opposite directions. An irregular arrangement results in a preferred appearance of the concrete blocks 1.

In the exemplary embodiment, the stops 7 are designed as weld seams 7 or weld beads. In the exemplary embodiment, it is also provided that the lateral boundaries 4 and the base surfaces 6 are made of metal. The lateral boundaries 4 and the base surfaces 6 therefore have a particularly high level of stability. In addition, the weld seam 7 can be applied to the lateral boundaries 4 in a particularly simple manner and renewed if necessary. In the exemplary embodiment, the base surfaces 6 are formed by the surface of the support plane 2.

The lateral boundaries 4 are essentially roof-shaped or triangular in cross-section, so that one roof side, a funnel-shaped opening lateral boundary of an aging form

5. Both sides of a lateral boundary 4 can thus be used. Preferably, both side surfaces of the lateral boundaries 4 are provided with stops 7. For reasons of clarity, the aging forms 5 are shown individually in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The advantageous double use of the lateral boundaries 4 as a component of two adjacent aging forms 5 is shown in Fig. 4.

The ageing forms 5 can be produced at low cost by making double use of the lateral boundaries 4. Another advantage is that the distance between the concrete blocks 1 is thus minimized.

As can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the bottom surfaces 6 are provided with holes 8 or with recesses. In an advantageous manner, the broken parts of the concrete block 1 or rubble and dust of the concrete block 1 can thus fall downwards out of the aging mold 5.

In the exemplary embodiment, the lateral boundaries 4 have a height of 5 to 40 mm, preferably 20 mm. The height of the lateral boundaries 4 is designed on the one hand in such a way that the weld seams 7 can be applied accordingly. On the other hand, the lateral boundaries 4 should ensure that the concrete block 1 cannot be pushed out of the aging mold 5.

In the exemplary embodiment, the lateral boundaries 4 or the aging forms 5 are pan-shaped and enclose the concrete block 1 accordingly. The lateral boundaries 4 extend upwards from the support plane 2 or the base surface 6, similar to the edges of a pan. The lateral boundaries 4 completely enclose the concrete block 1 in the exemplary embodiment.

In an alternative embodiment, recesses can also be provided in the lateral boundaries 4 or the lateral boundaries 4 can each be designed as segments which are spaced apart.

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However, it is provided that the lateral boundaries 4 are at least designed in such a way that the concrete block 1 reliably remains in the ageing shape 5 formed by the lateral boundaries 4 during the vibration process and strikes the lateral boundaries 4.

In an embodiment of the invention not shown, it can be provided that the lateral boundaries 4 are basket-shaped and that stops 7 protrude into the basket-shaped lateral boundaries 4, against which the concrete block 1 or the edges of the concrete block 1 can strike accordingly.

With regard to the concrete design of the lateral boundaries 4, various options are available to the expert, provided that the lateral boundaries 4 prevent the concrete block 1 being picked up from leaving the ageing mold 5 and strike it.

As can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, the aging molds 5 and their arrangement are adapted to a production layer of concrete blocks 1. To process a production layer, a support plane 2 provided with corresponding aging molds 5 is brought into operative connection with the vibration device 3. Alternatively, a support plane 2 already in operative connection with the vibration device 3 can also be provided with a corresponding arrangement of aging molds 5. The aging molds 5 can have any shape, for example square, rectangular, trapezoidal or circular.

Fig. 4 shows a stroke limiting element 9 for limiting the amplitude or stroke of the concrete blocks 1. The stroke limiting element 9 is arranged above the concrete blocks 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the stroke limiting element 9 has two limiting members 10 for each concrete block 1, which may limit the concrete block 1 in its stroke movement.

limits and prevent it from being pushed beyond the lateral limits 4.

The distance between the stroke limiting element 9 or its limiting members 10 and the concrete block 1 is selected such that, on the one hand, the concrete block 1 cannot be pushed so high that it leaves the aging mold 5, but on the other hand, the stroke is sufficient to strike the falling concrete block 1 against the stops 7. In order to hold the concrete block 1 in the aging mold 5, the vertical distance between the lateral limits 4 and the stroke limiting element 9 must also be observed.

The stroke limiting element 9 can be designed essentially in the form of a grid, with limiting elements 10 projecting downwards in the area of the concrete blocks 1, i.e. in the direction of the concrete blocks 1.

In an embodiment not shown, the stroke limiting element 9 can be designed in the shape of a plate.

This design has also proven to be suitable for the intended purpose.

In a further alternative embodiment, it can also be provided that the stroke limiting element 9 is provided with lateral limits 4 in a mirror image of the support plane 2, which form a receiving shape against which the concrete block 1 pushed upwards strikes in a similar way to the aging form 5. In this embodiment, the concrete block 1 is processed on the peripheral edges of two opposite surfaces. To do this, the concrete block 1 must be pushed upwards with a corresponding force or the stroke limiting element 9 must be arranged just above the concrete block 1.

However, for the usual use of the concrete blocks 1, such a design is not necessary, since usually only the (later) top side, i.e. the visible side, of the block 1, for example in a pavement, is visible and consequently only this visible side or the associated edges of this side

must be aged. In the embodiment shown, the later visible side faces the floor area 6.

In a method for artificially aging concrete blocks 1 by impact, it is provided that the concrete blocks 1 are placed on the support plane 2 after their production, possibly after a drying process, and are vibrated. The support plane 2 is provided with an aging mold 5 for each concrete block 1, which has stops 7. The concrete blocks 1 are placed in these aging molds 5. The concrete blocks 1 are then vibrated, with the concrete blocks 1 essentially striking the stops 7 with their edges.

Preferably, the cycle time of this ageing process of the concrete blocks 1 is adapted to the upstream production. A cycle time of the ageing process of 5 to 15 seconds has proven to be particularly suitable with regard to an efficient overall production process.

Preferably, the concrete blocks 1 are aged in their original production position. Of course, however, only part of the production position can be aged gradually or aging can be carried out independently of the original production position. Aging in production position also means that the concrete blocks 1 are rotated by 180° or turned upside down after leaving the actual production (filling and compacting), so that the upper side that was on top during production (which is also usually the visible side for later use) is now at the bottom or faces the floor surface 6 in the aging mold 5. The visible side of the concrete block 1 is usually made of facing concrete during the production process.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the concrete blocks 1 have a defined distance from each other when the concrete blocks 1 are in the ageing mold 5. This distance essentially corresponds to the wall

thickness of the lateral boundaries 4 (in Fig. 1 the concrete blocks 1 have an additional distance for illustration purposes).

If a production layer consists of concrete blocks 1 that have relatively large external dimensions, the concrete blocks 1 can be placed on the aging molds 5 in their original production position, in which they usually have no or only a small gap. The concrete blocks 1 slide easily into the respective aging mold 5 provided. However, if the concrete blocks 1 in a production layer only have small dimensions, it may be necessary to space the concrete blocks 1 apart from one another before placing them in the aging molds 5. With an arrangement of 10 x 10 concrete blocks, each of which has a length and width of 10 cm, and assuming that the lateral boundaries 4 have a thickness of 1 to 2 cm, it is easy to imagine that the fourth or fifth concrete block in a row would no longer slide into the intended aging mold 5, since the wall thickness

ck of the lateral boundary 4 has already led to a displacement of more than 5 cm, i.e. beyond the centre of gravity.

A preferred method for spacing the concrete blocks 1 from one another before placing them in the aging molds 5 is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. It is provided that the concrete blocks 1 of a production layer are spaced from one another before placing them in the aging molds 5 by placing the production layer on an elastic or flexible mat 11. The mat 11 is then stretched or extended, as shown in Fig. 6. It is provided that the flexible mat 11 is stretched or extended in at least two directions, preferably offset by 90° to one another. In the exemplary embodiment, the flexible mat 11, which is rectangular, is stretched or extended in four directions, each offset by 90° to one another (in both horizontal axes). As the inventor has discovered in a non-obvious way, the concrete blocks 1 can thus be easily spaced on

a uniform distance from one another. In the arrangement of the concrete blocks 1 of a production layer shown in Fig. 6, these can be conveyed into the aging molds 5 by means of known devices, for example a vacuum device or a gripper.

Because the concrete blocks 1 of a production layer are arranged at a distance from each other, they can also be gripped better.

Flexible mats 11 also include plates, supports and the like that have mechanical members that can be moved relative to one another or spaced apart. For example, an expansion surface that overlaps in a scale-like manner is conceivable.

For ageing by means of the solution according to the invention, even a slight vibration with a low frequency is sufficient, since the concrete blocks 1, as has been shown in tests, age quickly and effectively.

effectively by means of the obliquely arranged weld seams 7 of the lateral boundaries 4.

In addition, it is possible to process the concrete blocks 1 in a relatively soft state (i.e. after a short drying time), since there is no risk of the concrete blocks 1 breaking. By processing relatively soft concrete blocks 1, the device according to the invention is only slightly worn. In addition, short processing times are possible. A further advantage is that, since there is no risk of the concrete blocks 1 breaking, the cement content of the concrete block 1 can be reduced.

Usually, the surface of the concrete block 1 facing the floor surface 6 is at the top during the production process of the concrete block 1, so that the concrete block 1 must be turned before being placed in the aging mold 5. Preferably, a turnstile or the like is used, which can turn the entire production layer in one process.

The device according to the invention or the method according to the invention is suitable for aging any kind of stone and is not limited to concrete stones 1 or a specific application. If necessary, the stones can be placed in the device according to the invention several times, in different orientations, so that several edges or surfaces are aged. For this purpose, the aging molds 5 of the device according to the invention may need to be changed or several devices according to the invention must be provided in a row, through which the stones pass one after the other.

Claims (18)

1. Device for the artificial ageing of stones, in particular concrete blocks and brick clinkers, by impact with a support plane for the stones which is operatively connected to a vibration device, characterized in that the support plane ( 2 ) is provided with lateral boundaries ( 4 ), wherein the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) form ageing molds ( 5 ) for receiving one stone ( 1 ) each. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ageing molds ( 5 ) are each adapted to the dimensions of the surface to be aged or the edges of the stone ( 1 ) to be aged. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arrangement and the number of ageing molds ( 5 ) of a support plane is adapted to a production position of stones ( 1 ). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) have stops ( 7 ) against which the vibrating stones ( 1 ) strike. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) enclosing the respective stone ( 1 ) are adapted to the edge profile of the stones ( 1 ) and, starting from the support plane ( 2 ), open upwards in a funnel shape. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) open in a funnel shape at an angle of 15° to 60°, preferably 45°. 7. Device according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the stops ( 7 ) have an elongated shape and extend obliquely upwards from the direction of the support plane ( 2 ). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the stops ( 7 ) extend at an angle of 20° to 60°, preferably 45°, to the vertical. 9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the stops are designed as weld seams ( 7 ) or weld beads. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) are pan-shaped. 11. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) are basket-shaped and the stops ( 7 ) are pin-shaped. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) and the bottom surfaces ( 6 ) of the support plane ( 2 ) designed as supports for the stones ( 1 ) are made of metal. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the bottom surfaces ( 6 ) are provided with holes ( 8 ) or recesses. 14. Device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the dimensions of the respective base surface ( 6 ) are slightly smaller than the dimensions of the facing surface of the stone to be applied ( 1 ). 15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the lateral boundaries ( 4 ) have a height of 5 to 40 mm, preferably 20 mm. 16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a stroke limiting element ( 9 ) arranged above the upper side of the stones ( 1 ) is provided to limit the amplitude or the stroke of the stones ( 1 ). 17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the stroke limiting element ( 9 ) has a limiting member ( 10 ) for each stone ( 1 ). 18. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the stroke limiting element ( 9 ) is plate-shaped and has an adapted receiving shape for each stone ( 1 ).