DE20307901U1 - Additional spring based on a cylindrical, preferably solid damping element made of a material derived from polyisocyanate polyaddition products has a circumferential end lip - Google Patents
Additional spring based on a cylindrical, preferably solid damping element made of a material derived from polyisocyanate polyaddition products has a circumferential end lipInfo
- Publication number
- DE20307901U1 DE20307901U1 DE20307901U DE20307901U DE20307901U1 DE 20307901 U1 DE20307901 U1 DE 20307901U1 DE 20307901 U DE20307901 U DE 20307901U DE 20307901 U DE20307901 U DE 20307901U DE 20307901 U1 DE20307901 U1 DE 20307901U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- spring element
- damping element
- spring
- polyisocyanate polyaddition
- polyaddition products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/3732—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having an annular or the like shape, e.g. grommet-type resilient mountings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/3605—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by their material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
- F16F2236/04—Compression
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Zusatzfeder
BeschreibungAdditional spring
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Federelemente basierend auf einem zylindrischen, bevorzugt nicht hohlen Dämpfungselement (i) auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, bevorzugt auf der Basis von zelligen Polyurethanelastomeren, die ggf. Polyhamstoffstrukturen enthalten können, besonders bevorzugt auf der Basis von zelligen Polyurethanelastomeren bevorzugt mit einer Dichte nach DIN 53 420 von 200 bis 1100, bevorzugt 300 bis 800 kg/m3, einer Zugfestigkeit nach DIN 53571 von £ 2, bevorzugt 2 bis 8 N/mm2, einer Dehnung nach DIN 53571 von > 300, bevorzugt 300 bis 700 % und einer Weiterreißfestigkeit nach DIN 53515 von s 8, bevorzugt 8 bis 25 N/mm, mit einer Höhe (ii) von 86 mm bis 90 mm, bevorzugt 87 mm bis 89 mm, besonders bevorzugt 88 mm, und einem äußeren Durchmesser (iii) von 54 mm bis 57 mm, bevorzugt 54,5 mm bis 56,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 55,5 mm, dessen eine Ende in Form einer umlaufenden Lippe (iv) ausgestaltet ist und wobei der Hohlraum des Dämpfungselementes (i), der durch die Lippe (iv) umfasst wird, einen Durchmesser (v) von 20 mm bis 30 mm, bevorzugt 23 mm bis 27 mm, besonders bevorzugt 25 mm, aufweist. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung Automobile enthaltend die erfindungsgemäßen Federelemente. Unter dem Ausdruck, dass das erfindungsgemäße Federelement bevorzugt nicht hohl ist, ist zu verstehen, dass das Federelement keinen Hohlraum aufweist, der das Federelement komplett, d.h. in ganzer axialer Länge durchzieht.The invention relates to spring elements based on a cylindrical, preferably non-hollow damping element (i) based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, preferably based on cellular polyurethane elastomers, which may optionally contain polyurea structures, particularly preferably based on cellular polyurethane elastomers, preferably with a density according to DIN 53 420 of 200 to 1100, preferably 300 to 800 kg/m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN 53571 of £ 2, preferably 2 to 8 N/mm 2 , an elongation according to DIN 53571 of > 300, preferably 300 to 700% and a tear resistance according to DIN 53515 of s 8, preferably 8 to 25 N/mm, with a height (ii) of 86 mm to 90 mm, preferably 87 mm to 89 mm, particularly preferably 88 mm, and an outer diameter (iii) from 54 mm to 57 mm, preferably 54.5 mm to 56.5 mm, particularly preferably 55.5 mm, one end of which is designed in the form of a circumferential lip (iv) and wherein the cavity of the damping element (i) which is enclosed by the lip (iv) has a diameter (v) of 20 mm to 30 mm, preferably 23 mm to 27 mm, particularly preferably 25 mm. The invention also relates to automobiles containing the spring elements according to the invention. The expression that the spring element according to the invention is preferably not hollow is to be understood as meaning that the spring element does not have a cavity which runs completely through the spring element, ie over its entire axial length.
Aus Polyurethanelastomeren hergestellte Federungselemente werden in Automobilen beispielsweise innerhalb des Fahrwerks verwendet und sind allgemein bekannt. Sie werden insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen als schwingungsdämpfende Federelemente eingesetzt. Dabei übernehmen die Federelemente eine Endanschlagfunktion, beeinflussen die Kraft-Weg-Kennung des Rades durch das Ausbilden oder Verstärken einer progressiven Charakteristik der Fahrzeugfederung. Die Nickeffekte des Fahrzeuges können reduziert werden und die Wankabstützung wird verstärkt. Insbesondere durch die geometrische Gestaltung wird die Anlaufsteifigkeit optimiert, dies hat maßgeblichen Einfluss auf den Federungskomfort des Fahrzeuges. Durch die gezielte Auslegung der Geometrie ergeben sich über der Lebensdauer nahezu konstante Bauteileigenschäften. Durch diese Funktion wird der Fahrkomfort erhöht und ein Höchstmaß an Fahrsicherheit gewährleistet.Suspension elements made from polyurethane elastomers are used in automobiles, for example in the chassis, and are well known. They are used in particular in motor vehicles as vibration-damping spring elements. The spring elements take on an end stop function, influencing the force-displacement characteristic of the wheel by developing or strengthening a progressive characteristic of the vehicle suspension. The pitching effects of the vehicle can be reduced and the roll support is increased. The geometric design in particular optimizes the starting stiffness, which has a significant influence on the suspension comfort of the vehicle. The targeted design of the geometry results in almost constant component properties over the service life. This function increases driving comfort and ensures the highest level of driving safety.
Aufgrund der sehr unterschiedlichen Charakteristika und Eigenschaften einzelner Automobilmodelle müssen die Federelemente individuell an die verschiedenen Automobilmodelle angepasst werden, um eine ideale Fahrwerksabstimmung zu erreichen. Beispielsweise können bei der Entwicklung der Federelemente das Gewicht des Fahrzeugs, das Fahrwerk des speziellen Modells, die vorgesehenen Stoßdämpfer sowie die gewünschte Federcharakteristik berücksichtigt werden. Hinzu kommt, dass für verschiedene Automobile aufgrund des zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums individuelle, auf die Baukonstruktion abgestimmte Einzellösungen erfunden werden müssen.Due to the very different characteristics and properties of individual car models, the spring elements must be individually adapted to the various car models in order to achieve ideal chassis tuning. For example, when developing the spring elements, the weight of the vehicle, the chassis of the specific model, the intended shock absorbers and the desired spring characteristics can be taken into account. In addition, individual solutions tailored to the construction design must be invented for different cars due to the available installation space.
Aus den vorstehend genannten Gründen können die bekannten Lösungen für die Ausgestaltung einzelner Federelemente nicht generell auf neue Automobilmodelle übertragen werden. Bei jeder neuen Entwicklung eines Automobilmodells muss eine neue Form des Federelements entwickelt werden, das den spezifischen Anforderungen des Modells gerecht wird. Dabei sind als Anforderungen insbesondere zu nennen:For the reasons mentioned above, the known solutions for the design of individual spring elements cannot generally be transferred to new automobile models. With each new development of an automobile model, a new form of spring element must be developed that meets the specific requirements of the model. The requirements in particular include:
• Weicher Einsatz• Soft insert
• Definierter KrafWWegverlauf• Defined force path
• Definierte Wegbegrenzung• Defined path limitation
• Nutzung des begrenzten Bauraums
20• Use of the limited installation space
20
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es somit, für ein spezielles, neues Automobilmodell eine geeignete Zusatzfeder mit den oben genannten Funktionen zu entwickeln, die den spezifischen Anforderungen gerade dieses Modells gerecht wird und einen möglichst guten Fahrkomfort und eine ausgezeichnete Fahrsicherheit gewährleistet.The object of the present invention was therefore to develop a suitable additional spring with the above-mentioned functions for a special, new automobile model, which meets the specific requirements of this model and ensures the best possible driving comfort and excellent driving safety.
Gerade die räumliche Ausgestaltung der Federelemente, d.h. ihre dreidimensionale Form, hat neben ihrem Material eine entscheidenden Einfluss auf ihre Funktion. Über die Form der Federelemente werden die oben genannten Funktionen gezielt gesteuert. Diese dreidimensionale Form des Federelements muss somit individuell für jedes Automobilmodell entwickelt werden.In particular, the spatial design of the spring elements, i.e. their three-dimensional shape, has a decisive influence on their function in addition to their material. The above-mentioned functions are controlled in a targeted manner via the shape of the spring elements. This three-dimensional shape of the spring element must therefore be developed individually for each automobile model.
Diese Anforderungen werden durch die eingangs dargestellten Federelemente erfüllt. Die erfindungsgemäßen Federeiemente sind im Detail beispielhaft in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt. In allen Figuren sind die angegebenen Maße in [mm] angegeben. Gerade diese dreidimensionale Form erwies sich als besonders geeignet, den spezifischen Anforderungen durch das spezielle Automobilmodell gerecht zu werden, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf die spezifischen räumlichen Anforderungen und die geforderte Federcharakteristik.These requirements are met by the spring elements presented at the beginning. The spring elements according to the invention are shown in detail as examples in Figures 1 and 2. In all figures, the dimensions given are given in [mm]. This three-dimensional shape in particular proved to be particularly suitable for meeting the specific requirements of the special automobile model, particularly with regard to the specific spatial requirements and the required spring characteristics.
Bevorzugt befinden sich drei umlaufende Einschürungen (vi) auf der äußeren Oberfläche des Dämpfungselementes (i). Diese drei Einschnürungen (vi) befinden sich bevorzugt in einer Höhe (vii) von 65 mm bis 70 mm, besonders bevorzugt 68 mm, in einer Höhe (viii) von 43 mm bis 47 mm, besonders bevorzugt 45 mm, und in einer Höhe (xv) von 15 mm bis 25 mm, besonders bevorzugt 20 mm, jeweils gemessen von dem Ende des Federelementes, an dem sich die umlaufende Lippe (iv) befindet. Das Federelement weist zwischen den Einschnürungen (vi) einen äußeren Durchmesser (ix) von bevorzugt 43 mm bis 50 mm, besonders bevorzugt 45 mm, auf. In den Einschnürungen (vi) weist das Federelement bevorzugt einen äußeren Durchmesser (x) zwischen von 30 mm bis 42 mm, besonders bevorzugt 32,5 mm, 34 mm und/oder 40 mm auf. Der Durchmesser (xi) des Hohlraums zwischen der Kante der Lippe (iv) beträgt bevorzugt 15 mm bis 20 mm, besonders bevorzugt 17 mm.Preferably, there are three circumferential constrictions (vi) on the outer surface of the damping element (i). These three constrictions (vi) are preferably located at a height (vii) of 65 mm to 70 mm, particularly preferably 68 mm, at a height (viii) of 43 mm to 47 mm, particularly preferably 45 mm, and at a height (xv) of 15 mm to 25 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm, each measured from the end of the spring element at which the circumferential lip (iv) is located. Between the constrictions (vi), the spring element has an outer diameter (ix) of preferably 43 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 45 mm. In the constrictions (vi), the spring element preferably has an outer diameter (x) of between 30 mm and 42 mm, particularly preferably 32.5 mm, 34 mm and/or 40 mm. The diameter (xi) of the cavity between the edge of the lip (iv) is preferably 15 mm to 20 mm, particularly preferably 17 mm.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Körper (i) basieren bevorzugt auf Elastomeren auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, beispielsweise Polyurethanen und/oder Polyharnstoffen, beispielsweise Polyurethanelastomeren, die gegebenenfalls Harnstoffstrukturen enthalten können. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Elastomeren um mikrozellige Elastomere auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, bevorzugt mit Zellen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,01 mm bis 0,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 0,01 bis 0,15 mm. Besonders bevorzugt besitzen die Elastomere die eingangs dargestellten physikalischen Eigenschaften. Derartige Elastomere auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten und ihre Herstellung sind allgemein bekannt und vielfältig beschreiben, beispielsweise in EP-A 62 835, EP-A 36 994, EP-A 250 969, DE-A 195 48 770 und DE-A 195 48 771.
25The bodies (i) according to the invention are preferably based on elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, for example polyurethanes and/or polyureas, for example polyurethane elastomers, which may optionally contain urea structures. The elastomers are preferably microcellular elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, preferably with cells having a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.15 mm. The elastomers particularly preferably have the physical properties described at the outset. Such elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products and their production are generally known and described in many ways, for example in EP-A 62 835, EP-A 36 994, EP-A 250 969, DE-A 195 48 770 and DE-A 195 48 771.
25
Die Herstellung erfolgt üblicherweise durch Umsetzung von Isocyanaten mit gegenüber Isocyanaten reaktiven Verbindungen.The production is usually carried out by reacting isocyanates with compounds that are reactive towards isocyanates.
Die Elastomere auf der Basis von zelligen Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte werden üblicherweise in einer Form hergestellt, in der man die reaktiven Ausgangskomponenten miteinander umsetzt. Als Formen kommen hierbei allgemein übliche Formen in Frage, beispielsweise Metallformen, die aufgrund ihrer Form die erfindungsgemäße dreidimensionale Form des Federelements gewährleisten.The elastomers based on cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition products are usually produced in a mold in which the reactive starting components are reacted with one another. Generally common molds can be used as molds, for example metal molds, which, due to their shape, ensure the three-dimensional shape of the spring element according to the invention.
PF 54540 DEPF 54540 EN
Die Herstellung der Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte kann nach allgemein bekannten Verfahren erfolgen, beispielsweise indem man in einem ein- oder zweistufigen Prozess die folgenden Ausgangsstoffe einsetzt:The polyisocyanate polyaddition products can be prepared by well-known methods, for example by using the following starting materials in a one- or two-stage process:
(a) Isocyanat,(a) isocyanate,
(b) gegenüber Isocyanaten reaktiven Verbindungen,(b) compounds reactive towards isocyanates,
(c) Wasser und gegebenenfalls(c) water and, where appropriate,
(d) Katalysatoren,(d) catalysts,
(e) Treibmittel und/oder(e) propellants and/or
(f) Hilfs- und/oder Zusatzstoffe, beispielsweise Polysiloxane und/oder Fettsäuresulfonate. (f) Auxiliaries and/or additives, for example polysiloxanes and/or fatty acid sulfonates.
Die Oberflächentemperatur der Forminnenwand beträgt üblicherweise 40 bis 950C, bevorzugt 50 bis 9O0C. Die Herstellung der Formteile wird vorteilhafterweise bei einem NCO/OH-Verhältnis von 0,85 bis 1,20 durchgeführt, wobei die erwärmten Ausgangskomponenten gemischt und in einer der gewünschten Formteildichte entsprechenden Menge in ein beheiztes, bevorzugt dichtschließendes Formwerkzeug gebracht werden.The surface temperature of the inner wall of the mold is usually 40 to 95 ° C, preferably 50 to 90 ° C. The production of the molded parts is advantageously carried out at an NCO/OH ratio of 0.85 to 1.20, the heated starting components being mixed and introduced into a heated, preferably tightly closing mold in an amount corresponding to the desired molded part density.
Die Formteile sind nach 5 bis 60 Minuten ausgehärtet und damit entformbar. Die Menge des in das Formwerkzeug eingebrachten Reaktionsgemisches wird üblicherweise so bemessen, dass die erhaltenen Formkörper die bereits dargestellte Dichte aufweisen.The molded parts are cured after 5 to 60 minutes and can therefore be removed from the mold. The amount of reaction mixture introduced into the mold is usually calculated so that the resulting molded parts have the density already shown.
Die Ausgangskomponenten werden üblicherweise mit einer Temperatur von 15 bis 12O0C, vorzugsweise von 30 bis 11O0C, in das Formwerkzeug eingebracht. Die Verdichtungsgrade zur Herstellung der Formkörper liegen zwischen 1,1 und 8, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 und 6.The starting components are usually introduced into the mold at a temperature of 15 to 12O 0 C, preferably 30 to 11O 0 C. The degrees of compaction for producing the molded bodies are between 1.1 and 8, preferably between 2 and 6.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20307901U DE20307901U1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Additional spring based on a cylindrical, preferably solid damping element made of a material derived from polyisocyanate polyaddition products has a circumferential end lip |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20307901U DE20307901U1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Additional spring based on a cylindrical, preferably solid damping element made of a material derived from polyisocyanate polyaddition products has a circumferential end lip |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE20307901U1 true DE20307901U1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
Family
ID=27635609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20307901U Expired - Lifetime DE20307901U1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Additional spring based on a cylindrical, preferably solid damping element made of a material derived from polyisocyanate polyaddition products has a circumferential end lip |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE20307901U1 (en) |
-
2003
- 2003-05-19 DE DE20307901U patent/DE20307901U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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