DE2029749A1 - Crushed cattle feed, in particular piglet feed and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

"Crushed cattle feed, especially piglet feed and procedures for its manufacture "The invention relates to crushed fodder, in particular Piglet feed and a process for its production.

Piglets can already have a few hours or days after birth Mother pig to be weaned. Such weaning could only partially economically because the piglets separated from the mother pig every 2-4 hours needed liquid food. If the nutrients are not aseptic and the liquid Food was not always fresh, the result was high mortality. also was high workload required.

Trying to raise piglets with dry feed has therefore always been made paid more attention. Such attempts have produced very different results, because it is very difficult Getting piglets to eat dry food in the form of flour, groats or grits in sufficient quantities.

The mother's piglets were therefore more and more often left for 4 to 8 weeks Suck.

The dry fodder, consisting of grain, fish meal, soya bean meal; Dried milk, sugar or other sweeteners, mineral salts; Vitamins and possibly: Fat is given to the piglets in a comfortable heated room to which only they had access, offered. The room is furnished with warm beds and is called "Creep". The first food is therefore called "creep food".

Whole grains flow out of a feed to feed such creep feed Admission in front of the animals. They get into the receptacle via a funnel container, which is filled with the shot pellets.

This form of feeding has proven its worth, as only little feed is lost goes. The greatest difficulty remains in getting the piglets to pick up the at a young age Moving the food, because of course they want to ingest the food while sucking and the mother's milk reproduces up to 3 weeks after birth. Between 3 and disappears 8 weeks after birth on the other hand milk production of most sows slowly.

If you want to raise strong piglets, you have to have them as early as possible Get used to ingesting dry food so you can get them at the critical time (3-8 weeks after birth) better and stronger than the mother sow can feed.

The pig farmer notes that the different litters are often quite react differently to the presented dry food.

In some litters the piglets take 7-10 days after birth Dry food, with other litters they refuse up to the age of 21 days the assumption. As a result, the piglets of the individual litters grow at very different speeds.

The invention solves the problem of producing a piglet feed in meal form, that the piglets adopt very early (48-72 hours old) independently of the å existing agricultural conditions.

The object is achieved in the chuck of the invention by shot pellets, which consists of a core of nutritional feed and a coat with a content of sweeteners exist.

The sweeteners are preferably selected from the group of glucose, Sugar, lactose, fructose, saccharine, cyclamate and mixtures such substances. Preferably the sweetener is glucose. The shotgun pellets contain especially for piglet feed, assimilable iron components, e.g. iron sumarate.

Such iron components are found in the eorn mantle.

This addition is made because it has been found that many piglets are in their first days of life are anemic because of iron in the pig's milk largely absent. That is why it is common practice> the young animals in Form of injections, pills, pastes, licks or tablets containing ferrous medicines to be administered. The administration of such drugs is very difficult, since it is usually done every single young animal has to be picked up. You have to be at the appointment of these medicines also beware of poisoning.

All of this is very time consuming, with the lining of the invention that They willingly accept animals from an age of 48 hours given iron in increasing amounts and thus the development of iron deficiency anemia prevented.

The shot pellets can be produced in conventional vial presses and consist of nutrients such as dried milk, fish meal, soybean meal, cereal products, animal or vegetable fat, sugar, mineral salts and vitamins. Lactic acid can be attached to the growth of harmful Escherich Coli organisms To be able to control in the intestines of the animals The fat content of the meal grains is preferred kept at a high value (5-10%) so that the shot core is at a minimum caked in steam, but on the other hand are so soft that they are from the young can be easily crushed. The size of the ~ grains is in the range of 0.25 -0.42 cm. The jacket is preferably made of glucose with added iron fumarate. Of course, glucose alone or types of sugar such as sucrose, lactose, and fructose can also be used be used alone or with the addition of ferric fumarate. Likewise, of course synthetic sweeteners such as saccharine or cyclamate alone or in combination with Sugars and / or iron fumarate can be used. Instead of iron fumarate you can other orally active iron compounds are also used, e.g. reduced iron, Iron sulfate, iron gluconate, iron lactate or mixtures of these substances. Color and Flavors can also be added to the nantel layer, although none Effect of these additives in the piglets is noticeable.

The invention further relates to a method for producing fodder meal, in which the nutrient-based pellet kernels with a concentrated Solution of sweet-tasting substances mixed, if necessary sifted out and dried will.

This process can be carried out with known devices such as rotating drums are executed. The iron fumarate is presented as a powder on the shot kernels added to their mixture with the sugar solution. Are the pellet grains complete Covered with the sugar solution, glucose powder can also be added to the drum be poured.

Embodiments 1. In a drum with a volume of 0.255 m3 25.4 - 50.7 kg of shot kernels poured in. The composition of the mass, from which the shot grain cores are formed corresponds to the information given above. Covered with glucose they form a feed that the piglets can accept. Part of the glucose is added when dry and with the shot grains by rotating the drum mixed. After 30-60 seconds, the rest of the glucose is in liquid form (40-70% glucose content) added and the mixture tumbled for 2-5 minutes. The speed of rotation of the drum is between 20 and 40 tours. In the exemplary embodiment, the drum ran at 25 up to 30 tours.

You can also add glucose solution first and then dry glucose. The grains poured out of the drum pass through a sieve to separate out the breakage. Special drying devices are not necessary. Dry the grains quickly in the air. In this bus routing example, the drum batch consisted of: 92% shot kernels 3% dry glucose 5% 60% glucose solution.

2. As in exemplary embodiment 1, shot grain kernels are provided with a jacket made of iron fumarate-containing glucose.

The iron fumarate is added in the dry state before the glucose solution is poured. It is also possible to use the iron fumarate in the then only 30-40% strength Mix in glucose solution and then add this together with dry glucose to the Pour mixing drum.

The amounts of nutrients in the shot kernels, the glucose and of the iron fumarate are adjusted so that the meal grains are 5% (weight) Contains concentrated glucose and 3% iron fumarate in the coat. About 1/3 to 1/2 the amount of iron fumarate can also be added to the mass before it is scrapped will. So shotgun pellets are hereafter e.g.

made of: 90% nutrients in the form of shot kernels 5.5% 40% glucose solution containing 1.5% ice enfumarate and 3% dry glucose.

An analysis of the shot grains ready for feeding resulted in one Content of: protein 21% oil 6% filler (fiber) 2.5% digestible nutrients a total of 82% calcium 0.8% phosphorus 0.65% phosphorus in an inorganic bond 0.4 % Table salt 0.5% lysine 1.4% netronine & cystine 0.8% tryptophan 0.3% arginine 1.2% lactic acid 0.5% iron 1.0% Such shot grains will; so showed it the attempts of old piglets in the first 48-72 hours of theirs Life well accepted. Blood samples showed a higher iron content than blood of piglets usually had on average in the first few weeks of their lives. A packed cell volume (PCV) of 30 is acceptable in 3 week old Berkels and indicates a remarkably good iron content in the body.

The following table shows the results of nutritional experiments: Average PCV avg. PCV number Weight by weight after the at age 3 at age 6 piglets from 3 weeks from 6 weeks Weeks weeks Aged Piglet up 3 days at age 4.76 42.8 10.4 37.9 125 iron from 3 weeks injected with ferrous good feed No iron according to the 5.02 35.9 10.7 36.0 135 injected Req. nourishes Piglets equally Aged with food 3 days 4.98 38.8 10.3 37.1 50 without iron Injected iron content nourishes No iron injected 4.44 21.8 8.97 - 40 From the 4th week of life, the piglets were fed standard piglet feed with only a low iron content (150 ppm).

The 40 piglets in the last row of the table were due to severe anemia withdrawn from the trial after three weeks and received iron injections.

Claims (15)

Patent claims: 1. Crushed young cattle feed, especially piglet feed, thereby characterized in that the individual meal kernels consisting of nutrients are wrapped in a coat of sweet-tasting substances. 2. Feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the sweet-tasting Substances from the group of glucose, sugar, lactose, fructose, saccharine, Cyclamates or mixtures of these substances exist. 3. Feed according to claim 2, characterized in that the -sweet tasting Substance is glucose. 4. Feed according to claim 3, characterized in that 2.5 - 10% the weight of the shot consists of glucose. 5. Feed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that it contains assimilable iron. 6. Feed according to claim 5, characterized in that 0.5 - 1.5% Iron is present. 7. Feed according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the Iron In the form of iron fumarate 9 reduced iron, iron sulfate, iron gluconate, Iron lactate or mixtures of these substances is contained in the feed 8. Lining according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the iron is used as iron fumarate present0 9. Feed according to one of claims 5-8, characterized in that the Most of the iron is present in the grain mantle. 10. Feed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the xorn coat contains the sweet-tasting substance. 11. Process for the production of feed according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that shot grains from nutrients with a concentrated Sweetener solution mixed and then dried. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that a part of the sweetener as the dry substance of the mixture of shot grains and sweetener solution is added. 13. The method according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that the sweetener is glucose. 14. The method according to claim 11 to 13, characterized in that Assimilizable iron is added to the mixture of meal and sweetener. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the iron is added in the form of iron fumarate.