DE20220289U1 - Load transporting securing device has at least one transverse strut and at least two retaining elements for bearing against load to be secured and/or for hanging on it, with retaining elements fastened spaced apart on transverse strut - Google Patents

Abstract

The load securing device comprises at least one transverse strut (5) and at least two retaining elements (6) for bearing against the load (3) to be secured and/or for hanging on it. The retaining elements are fastened spaced apart on the transverse strut. The retaining elements are angle-form in construction. The transverse strut is angled in construction with the side members forming the retaining elements. At least one of the retaining elements has at least one hook or protrusion. An independent claim is included for a transportable load securing arrangement on a load surface for a first and at least one second goods unit with a first and at least one second load securing device.

Description

TRANSPORT SECURITY DEVICE

The invention relates to a transport securing device for securing transport units on a loading area and an arrangement with such a transport securing device.

In the conventional transport securing arrangement for goods on a loading area, for example of a lorry, a retaining belt is placed over the goods in a transverse direction to the direction of transport and the belt is fastened to the left and right sides of the goods on the loading area. By tightening the lashing belt, the goods are clamped against the loading area, making it more difficult for the goods to slip sideways or transversely. At the side, the lashing belt runs slightly diagonally from the upper edge of the transport belt to the loading area, as shown schematically in Fig. 3. In the event of transverse acceleration, the goods are secured by very little transverse or lateral hold and the main effect of this type of securing is to press the goods against the loading area and to secure the goods through the increased static friction. The pressure exerted by the belt on the goods to increase the contact force between the goods and the loading area is limited, since the goods can be damaged as the tension of the belt increases.

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It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a transport securing device and a transport securing arrangement which enable particularly effective securing of the transported goods against transverse forces. 5

This object is solved with the features of claim 1 and 15 respectively.

In the transport securing device according to claim 1, at least two holding elements are connected to one another by at least one crossbar, the holding elements being placed and/or fastened to the transported goods to be secured. Particularly when the transport securing device is placed with a first holding element on a first transported good and with a second holding element on a second transported good, each at their lateral upper edge, and in the area of the crossbar a tensioning or lashing device runs diagonally downwards to the opposite side of the first and second transported goods, a retaining force is exerted by the crossbar or its holding elements on the lateral upper edge and the side of the first and second transported goods when the transported goods are accelerated sideways in the direction of the crossbar, so that the transported goods are secured against slipping. Transported goods here means one, preferably at least two, or more transport units, such as pallets, transport containers, lattice boxes or the like.

In the case of several transport units, preferably two transport units 0 standing next to each other are secured on one side with a transport securing device, with a tensioning device running diagonally between the transport units from the transport securing unit to a loading area. In the case of a single transport unit 5, the tensioning device preferably runs diagonally through

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the transport goods unit itself. At least one transport unit is advantageously secured by using at least two transport securing devices, each of which secures the transport goods against lateral displacement. 5

It is particularly advantageous for the holding elements to be angled so that when setting up the transport securing device, they can simply be placed on the upper edge of a pallet, a box or the like, for example, the clamping device is pulled between or through the transported goods unit and the clamping can be carried out on the other side. On the one hand, this prevents the transport securing device from falling down when it is placed down and, on the other hand, the other leg of the angle provides a lateral contact surface in the event of lateral acceleration. In one embodiment, the at least one cross strut can itself be angled and serve as a holding element.

0 Using hooks or projections on the holding elements, these can be easily attached to lattice boxes or, in the case of goods packed in bags, to the transport goods units using the hooks or projections, for example if there are no edges on the transport goods for placing an angle element. The holding elements can advantageously be designed as claws or hooks.

Advantageously, the holding elements are arranged or mounted interchangeably on the at least one cross strut, so that the appropriate holding element can be used depending on the external shape or nature of the goods to be transported.

It is particularly advantageous for the holding elements to be slidably arranged on the at least one cross strut or

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The cross brace itself is extendable, so that the contact area of the holding elements on the transported goods or on the transported goods units can be adjusted depending on the length or width of the transported goods. For example, with two pallet boxes lying next to each other, the holding element is adjusted so that each one rests approximately in the middle on the side edge of the pallet boxes, so that in the event of lateral acceleration, no torque occurs on the pallet boxes due to uneven retaining force.

By means of an adjustment element between the holding element and the transport securing device, the height of one or more of the holding elements can be adapted to possibly different heights of the transport goods units, so that the at least one cross strut runs horizontally even if the holding elements are each placed on an upper edge or the like of the transport goods unit.

It is particularly advantageous if a fastening point or element for at least one tension or lashing element is arranged between two holding elements on the crossbar, preferably in the middle or approximately in the middle of the at least one crossbar, so that a lashing or holding element can be attached to the crossbar quickly and easily. If more than two spaced-apart holding elements are arranged on a transport securing device as described above, a fastening point or element can be provided in each case or between selected holding elements. This means that several diagonal lashings can be provided on a transport securing device.

Advantageously, one end of the tension or lashing element is firmly connected to the transport securing device or at least to a crossbar, so that only the other, free end of the tension or lashing element is on

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the loading area or an associated securing device.

In a further embodiment, the transport securing device has a tensioning device for the pulling or

lashing element so that it can be pre-tensioned on the transport securing device using a ratchet mechanism, for example. Therefore, only the free end of the tension or lashing element on the loading area has to be

Eyelet, hook or similar and by applying the transport securing device to the transported goods, the pulling or
Lashing element is put under tension so that the
Transport safety device securely attached to the transported goods

lies.

When transporting uniform cargo on the loading area (beverage crates, standard pallet boxes, pallets with the same building material or the like), the

0 Transport securing device for multiple transport goods

units and has several equally spaced holding elements. By securing with one or more diagonal lashings
The transport lock is quick to
The distance between the retaining elements is

preferably tailored to the uniform load.

The transport safety device described can be used as
A single transport securing device can be used in a lashing arrangement if securing against lateral slipping is only required to one side. According to claim 15, however, transport securing devices with at least two transport securing devices are preferably used.
used.

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The height of the transport securing device above the loading area can be adjusted using a height adjustment device, so that it can be adjusted according to the height of the transported goods units. Particularly with uniform transported goods units and the use of a transport securing device that extends over many transported goods units standing next to each other, securing the load is made considerably easier for the person responsible and the physical strain is reduced.

In the transport securing arrangement according to claim 2 0, at least two transport goods units on a loading area are secured against lateral displacement during transport by means of at least two transport securing devices. The two transport securing devices described above are each placed in upper, opposite side areas of the transport goods units and, starting from the transport securing device, a tension or lashing element is guided diagonally downwards 0 to the opposite side of the transport goods units and there fastened or redirected to the loading area. When the transport unit(s) accelerate laterally, a force acts on the transport securing device which is transmitted by means of the tension or lashing element running diagonally downwards over a long distance to the other side of the transport goods unit(s) to be secured. This creates a lever effect on the upper edge of the transport goods, which causes a high retaining force on the upper edge.

Since the transport securing device is attached to at least two transport units, it is not necessary to secure each transport unit laterally or to stabilize it against twisting. At least two units therefore require

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only one transport safety device to prevent the vehicle from slipping to one side. The side loading walls on the transport vehicle no longer have to be designed to be as stable or can be omitted altogether. 5

Advantageously, the tension or lashing element is pulled beyond the base area of the transport goods units so that the tension or lashing element does not have to be fastened in an inaccessible area between the transport goods units. 10

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to figures. They show:

Fig. IA-IC different views of a diagonal lashing of transport boxes on a loading area,

Fig. 2 the force vectors in the conventional lashing of a transport box,

0 Fig. 3 the force vectors for diagonal lashing

of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 a flexible lashing point arrangement using the example

the diagonal lashing,
25

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a safety rail and

Fig. 6 a transport securing arrangement for the transport of uniform loads.

Fig. 1A-1C show schematic views of a diagonal lashing arrangement on a loading area 1 of a truck. The loading area 1 is shown in Fig. IA in cross section 5 transverse to the direction of travel, in Fig. IB in plan view and in

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Fig. IC shown in cross-section along the direction of travel. On the loading area, one transport box 3 is stored on each of four pallets 2, with two transport boxes 3 or pallets 2 arranged next to each other both in the direction of travel and across the direction of travel. In Fig. IB, the direction of travel is shown with the arrow and the left and right loading sides are designated L and R accordingly. A safety rail 4b is placed on the upper right edge of the two transport boxes 3c, 3d on the right and a safety rail 4a on the opposite side on the left upper edge of the two transport boxes 3a, 3b on the left. Each safety rail 4a, 4b (hereinafter referred to as 4 for short) rests with an angle iron 6 on a transport box 3a, 3c at the front and with an angle iron 6 on a transport box 3b, 3d at the rear. The angle irons 6 are connected to a cross member 5. The cross member 5 runs on the outside of one of the legs of the angle irons 6, wherein the angle irons or the safety rail 4a, 4b are placed on the transport boxes 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d (hereinafter referred to as 3) in such a way that the cross member 5 runs laterally outside the sides of the transport boxes and below their upper edge (see Fig. 1A).

In the transverse direction, more than the two transport boxes (3a, 3c or 3b, 3d) or transport goods units shown can be arranged next to one another. Preferably, however, two transport boxes or transport goods units are secured in the longitudinal or travel direction by the securing rail 4, with one of the angle irons 6 or a holding element of the securing rail 4 resting on the front and rear transport box 3 or transport goods unit. As not shown in detail in Figures IA-IC, a square tube profile is welded onto the back of the angle iron 6, through which the square cross-section

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beam 5 is pushed through. Holes are provided on the cross beam 5 and one hole each on the square tube of the angle iron 6 in a predetermined grid dimension. The angle irons 6 can be secured to the cross beams at an adjustable distance using locking pins that are pushed through the hole in the square tube on the angle iron 6 and through the holes in the cross beam 5, so that the securing rail 4 can be adapted to different box dimensions by adjusting the distance of the angle irons 6 from the center.

In order to largely avoid a torque or unscrewing of the boxes in the event of a lateral acceleration (in Fig. IB lateral acceleration of the boxes 3 to the left or right), the distance between the angle irons 6 is adjusted so that the angle irons 6 are located as close as possible to the middle of the side length of the transport box 3.

In the middle of the cross member 5 there is an elongated hole through which a lashing strap 7 is pulled. The elongated hole prevents the lashing strap from moving in the longitudinal direction of the cross member and is therefore aligned centrally to it. The lashing strap 7 is thus fixed to a central connection 8 of the cross member 5. The lashing strap 7 is guided from the securing rail 4 through a gap between the transport boxes 3 to the opposite underside of the boxes, where the lashing strap 7 is fastened to a lashing point 9 on the loading area or pulled through a deflection point of the loading area. Conversely, it can also be provided that the lashing strap 7 is fastened to the lashing point 9 of the loading area and that the lashing takes place at the top at the connection point 8 of the securing rail 4. In both cases, the transport boxes 3 are secured with a pre-tension by lashing the left and right securing rails 4, so that a predetermined pre-tension is created between the upper edges of the

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transport boxes 3 and from the upper edge towards the loading area. The pre-tension between the boxes 3 additionally inhibits a relative longitudinal displacement of the boxes to one another.
5

Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the forces exerted by the lashing strap 7 on the upper, diagonally opposite side edge. As can be seen, when a transverse acceleration occurs, i.e. a load on the lashing strap, a large proportion of force is applied in a horizontal direction against the centrifugal force of the transport box 3, so that tipping or sideways slipping of the transport box 3 is prevented up to very high transverse accelerations. In contrast, Fig. 2 shows the conventional securing by transverse tensioning of the lashing strap, whereby the force acting on the strap due to the transverse acceleration predominantly leads to an increase in the contact pressure of the transport box 3 on the loading area, while the force component that counteracts the transverse acceleration is very small.

Fig. 4 shows a flexible arrangement of lashing points for a loading area, as used in this embodiment with a transport rail 4. However, such a lashing point arrangement is generally applicable for lashing cargo. Two transport boxes 10 are placed and secured on the loading area 1, which is only indicated as a line. A securing rail 4 with the angle irons 6 and the cross member 5, as used in the figures Fig. 1A-1C, is placed on the rear, upper side edge 0 of the transport boxes 10. The lashing strap 7 runs from the cross member 5 diagonally between the transport boxes 10 to the front, lower side, where it is deflected in a sliding eyelet 11 as a lashing point. The free end of the lashing strap 7 is attached to a fixing eyelet 12, this being the middle fixing eyelet 12 shown here. The fixing eyes 12 are in

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fixed to the loading area 1 at specified intervals and
A guide belt 13 is pulled through the fixing eyes 12, which
is attached to the loading area at its ends, for example via additional fixing eyes 12 at the front and rear end of the loading area 1. Between the fixing eyes 12, the sliding eyes 11 (here only one sliding eyelet between each two fixing eyes 12 shown) are movable on the guide belt
13. The sliding eyelet 11 is mounted at the desired deflection point
with a locking belt 14 held by the
Interaction of the deflection of the lashing strap 7 and the locking strap
14. The locking strap 14 is tied and lashed to an opposite fixing eyelet 12.

Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a safety rail
4■, in which two hooks 15 are attached to the cross member 5 by means of a loop. The loop length is adjustable for each loop 16, so that even if the hooks 15 are attached to the transported goods at different heights, the
Loop length can be adjusted so that the cross member
5 horizontal or approximately horizontal at the side of the
transported goods.

Fig. 6 shows schematically the securing arrangement when transporting uniform cargo. Uniform cargo here means that transport units with the same external dimensions or cargo with similar external dimensions are transported.
In the case shown, eight transport boxes
10 is placed on the loading area 1. To secure the load
a safety rail 4'' according to a third embodiment is used on both sides of the loading area. The safety rail 4'' has a long profile 17, in which
four angle irons with a center distance corresponding to the
Center distance of the transport boxes 10. Between the first and second row of transport boxes 10

and the third and fourth row of transport boxes 10 is

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Diagonal lashing with two lashing straps 7 is provided, with one lashing strap 7 running from a connection point 8 between two angle irons 6 to a diagonally opposite lashing point 9. The diagonal lashing here essentially corresponds to that of Fig. 1A. Depending on the weight of the goods being transported or the transport boxes 10 and the stability of the long profile 17, diagonal lashing can also be provided between the second and third row of transport boxes 10. In a further embodiment, two diagonal lashings can be provided additionally or alternatively at the ends of the securing rail 4 ¹ '.

The safety rail 4'' is suspended at both ends of the long profile 17 by a wire rope 19, which in turn is connected to a column 18 of the structure on the loading area 1. The wire rope 19 is deflected on an upper side of the column 18 by means of a deflection roller (not shown) and is shortened or lengthened in the lower area of the column 18 by a winch, so that the height of the safety rail 4'' above the loading area 1 can be changed by winding the wire rope 19 up or down. This is used for easy adjustment to the height of the transport boxes 10 or for adjustment when several transport boxes 10 are stacked on top of each other and the securing is to take place on the upper side edge of the top transport box.

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LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

1 Loading area 2 palette 3 Pet crate 4 Safety rail 5 Cross member 6 Angle iron 7 Lashing strap 8th Connection 9 Lashing point 10 Pet crate 11 Sliding eyelet 12 Fixing eyelet 13 Guide belt 14 Locking strap 15 Hook 16 loop 17 Long profile 18 pillar 19 Wire rope

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Claims (28)

1. Transport securing device with at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ) and at least two holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) for contact with the transported goods ( 3 , 10 ) to be secured and/or for hanging on the transported goods ( 3 , 10 ) to be secured, wherein the holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) are fastened to the at least one cross strut at a distance from one another. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding elements ( 6 ) are angularly formed. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross strut ( 5 , 17 ) is angular and the lateral legs of the cross strut form the holding elements. 4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one of the holding elements ( 15 ) has at least one hook or projection. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) are arranged interchangeably on the at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ). 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) are arranged displaceably on the at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ). 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ) is extendable. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the holding elements ( 15 ) is connected to the at least one cross strut ( 5 ) by an adjusting element ( 16 ), wherein the distance between the at least one holding element and the cross strut can be changed by the adjusting element. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ) between two or between several of the holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) has a fastening point ( 8 ) and/or a fastening element for each tension or lashing element ( 7 ). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the fastening point ( 8 ) and/or the fastening element is arranged centrally or approximately centrally between the two closest holding elements ( 6 , 15 ). 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a tensioning device for the pulling or lashing element ( 7 ). 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tensioning device is arranged on the at least one cross strut ( 5 , 17 ). 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cross strut ( 17 ) extends substantially over the length or width of a loading area ( 1 ) or over more than two transport goods units ( 3 , 10 ). 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the center distance of the holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) corresponds substantially to the center distance in the cross-brace direction of uniform transport goods units ( 3 , 10 ). 15. Transport securing arrangement on a loading surface ( 1 ) for a first and at least one second transport goods unit ( 3 , 10 ) with a first and at least one second transport securing device ( 4 , 4 ', 4 ") according to one of the preceding claims. 16. Arrangement according to claim 15, characterized by a height adjustment device ( 18 , 19 ) with which the height of the at least one transport securing device ( 4 , 4 ', 4 ") above the loading surface ( 1 ) can be changed. 17. Arrangement according to claim 16, characterized in that the transport securing device ( 4 ") is mounted on at least one rope ( 19 ) or band, wherein the rope or band is fastened or deflected to a structural part ( 18 ) of the loading area ( 1 ) with variable length. 18. Arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the length between the superstructure part ( 18 ) and the transport securing device ( 4 ") can be changed by means of a winch, a cable pull or a chain drive. 19. Arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the two transport securing devices ( 4 , 4 ', 4 ") fix the transport goods units ( 3a - 3d ) by means of diagonal lashing with at least two tension or lashing elements ( 7 ). 20. Arrangement according to claim 19, wherein in the diagonal lashing
the first transport securing device ( 4 a) rests in the upper first side region (L) of the first and second transport goods unit ( 3 a, 3 b), a first tension or lashing element ( 7 ) is connected to the first device ( 4 a), runs diagonally downwards from this in the direction of the second side region of the first and second transport goods unit ( 3 a, 3 b) or the side region (R) of a third and fourth transport goods unit ( 3 c, 3 d) and is connected there to the loading area ( 1 ) ( 9 ), and
the second transport securing device ( 4b ) rests in the upper second side region of the first and second transport goods unit ( 3a , 3b ) or in the upper side region (R) of the third and fourth transport goods unit ( 3c , 3d ), a second tension or lashing element ( 7 ) is connected to the second device ( 4b ), runs diagonally downwards from there in the direction of the first side region (L) of the first and second transport goods unit ( 3a , 3b ) and is connected there to the loading area ( 1 ) ( 9 ). 21. Arrangement according to claim 19 or 20, characterized by two or more diagonal lashings ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) between two spaced-apart holding elements ( 6 , 15 ) and/or at the ends of the at least one cross strut. 22. Arrangement according to one of claims 19, 20 or 21, characterized in that the first and/or second tension or lashing element ( 7 ) is hooked onto the loading surface ( 1 , 9 ), tied down or pulled through an eyelet ( 11 ) and deflected. 23. Arrangement according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the lower connection point ( 9 , 11 ) of the tension or lashing element ( 7 ) to the loading area ( 1 ) is located in the side region (L, R) of the first and second or third and fourth transport goods unit ( 3 , 10 ) or outside the base area of the first and second and/or third and fourth transport goods unit ( 3 , 10 ). 24. Arrangement according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the tension or lashing elements ( 7 ) run between the first and second and/or third and fourth transport securing device ( 4 , 4 ', 4 ") and the lower connection point ( 9 , 11 ) on the loading surface ( 1 ) transversely to the transport direction. 25. Arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 24 or loading area, characterized by a guide element ( 13 ) which is connected to the loading area ( 1 ) by at least two connecting elements ( 12 ) spaced apart from one another, wherein between each two of the connecting elements ( 12 ) at least one deflection or tensioning element ( 11 ) is slidably mounted on the guide element. 26. Arrangement according to claim 25, characterized in that the guide element ( 13 ) is a guide belt or rope. 27. Arrangement according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the spaced-apart connecting elements ( 12 ) are eyelets attached to the loading surface ( 1 ). 28. Arrangement according to claim 25, 26 or 27, characterized in that the deflection or tensioning element ( 11 ) is an eyelet, a ring or a snap hook.