DE202011001115U1 - Solar module with increased efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

Solar module at least comprising: - at least one transparent plate (1), a plurality of solar cells (7) underneath, a plurality of elongated metal elements attached to solar cells, at least one waterproof cover (10) (for example a film) lying underneath a number of solar cells (7); - At least one notch (2) in the transparent plate (1), or if several transparent plates (1) are used, at least one notch in at least one of the transparent plates (1), characterized in that a notch (2) in at least a transparent plate (1) or several notches (2) in at least one transparent plate (1), in total over a length of more than 1000 mm, all of the following criteria are fulfilled at the same time: - they are / are essentially wedge-shaped. - They run with their entire width, over at least one solar cell (7). - They each run over at least one elongated metal element (for example a cell connector (4)). - It has a width of at least 1 mm and a maximum of 10 ...

Description

field of use

The invention relates to the structure of a solar module with the task of avoiding light reflection through the Oberseitenkontaktierung, so as to gain more power.

State of the art

A solar module is usually constructed as follows: Under a glass plate ( 1 ) are solar cells ( 7 ). These are optically coupled via laminate and interconnected in series. On the upper sides of the upper side contacts are attached to the current collection, which consist of the following components:
Contact fingers ( 6 ) the current from the surface of the solar cell ( 7 ) and to the busbars ( 5 ) to lead. On these run the cell connectors ( 4 ) which the current from the top (negative pole) of a solar cell ( 7 ), to the underside (positive pole) of the next solar cell ( 7 ) hand off. On this an aluminum foil is attached as a contact. The cell connectors ( 4 ) from the top of the first solar cell ( 7 ), in the row and the cell connectors ( 4 ) from the bottom of the last solar cell ( 7 ) in the row, are connected to the connection of the solar module. Under the glass plate ( 1 ), the laminate and the interconnected solar cells ( 7 ) is then still another layer of laminate ( 3 ) and a plastic film as a cover ( 10 ). These as well as the laminate layers are fused by heating to bond all the components together. The solar module often has a frame for easier attachment. The structure of a solar module is described in more detail in ( DE 10 2006 006 715 A1 ).

Disadvantages of the prior art

The disadvantage of this design is that the contact fingers ( 6 ) and the cell connectors ( 4 ) the light ( 11 ), which impinges on the solar cell ( 7 ) Reflect ( 13 ) and not on the solar cell ( 7 ). As a result, energy is lost. The area below them is shaded. There are already other inventions dealing with this problem. For example, the emitter wrap-through technology, in which the contact fingers ( 6 ) through small holes in the solar cell ( 7 ), on the back of the solar cell ( 7 ) to reduce light reflection through tracks on the front side. This is described in ( DE 10 2005 040 871 A1 ). The disadvantage of this variant is that it is expensive to produce.

List of cited patent literature:

• DE 10 2006 006 715 A1
• DE 10 2005 040 871 A1

task

My invention is based on the task, the problem of light reflection by the cell connectors ( 4 ) to solve. The problem of light reflection by the contact fingers ( 6 ) is not treated.

solution

The task is solved by the features in protection claim 1.

Basic content of the invention

The basic idea of the invention is, via the cell connectors ( 4 ), Notches ( 2 ) in the glass plate ( 1 ).

function

This method ensures that the light entering the solar module ( 11 ) which is actually on the cell connectors ( 4 ), by reflection at the notches ( 2 ) and on the solar cells ( 7 ), which convert it into electricity. This is not how it is lost, as in the prior art.

Detailed description of the function and structure

The solar module is generally constructed as in the prior art. However, over the cell connectors ( 4 ) Notches ( 2 ) in the glass plate ( 1 ). The light ( 11 ) enters the glass plate ( 1 ) one. The part of the light actually on the cell connectors ( 4 ), but applies to the over these running notches ( 2 ). So it is from the notches ( 2 ) itself (by total reflection) or by reflective material ( 12 ) in them, reflected. Under most angles of incidence, it becomes towards the solar cells ( 7 ) reflected. Because it is due to the refraction of light ( 14 ) when entering the glass plate ( 1 ) Is "perpendicular" to its surface and therefore usually at an angle to the notches ( 2 ) impinging in the direction of the solar cells ( 7 ) is reflected. The latter will be particularly evident in 9 shown.

• – Die Ausführungsvariante in Schutzanspruch 2 ist eine Kombination mit der bereits bekannten Technik der statischen Konzentration ( DE 00 0003 741 477 C2 ), bei der Einkerbungen (2) in der durchsichtigen Platte, über den Spalten (9) zwischen den Solarzellen (7), das Licht auf die Solarzellen (7) konzentrieren.
• – Die in Schutzanspruch 3 beschriebene Ausführungsvariante ermöglicht, dass selbst wenn das Laminat in die Einkerbung gerät und deswegen keine Totalreflektion möglich ist, das Licht trotzdem von den Einkerbungen reflektiert wird.
• – Die in Schutzanspruch 4 ermöglicht eine geringere Reflektion durch die durchsichtige Platte.
• – Die in Schutzanspruch 8 beschriebene Ausführungsvariante verringert die Gefahr, dass Feuchtigkeit in das Solarmodul eindringt.
• – Die in Schutzanspruch 9 beschriebene Ausführungsvariante ermöglicht eine einfache Herstellung.
• – Die in Schutzanspruch 10 beschriebene Ausführungsvariante ist eine besonders wirtschaftliche Ausführung, da es bei der teuren aber effizienten monokristallinen Solarzellentechnik besonders auf Verlustreduzierung ankommt.
• – Die in den Schutzansprüchen 5, 6 und 7 beschriebenen Merkmale definieren den Aufbau der Erfindung genauer.

Function of the features described in the Unterschutzansprüchen

• - The variant in protection claim 2 is a combination with the already known technique of static concentration ( DE 00 0003 741 477 C2 ), at the notches ( 2 ) in the transparent plate, above the columns ( 9 ) between the solar cells ( 7 ), the light on the solar cells ( 7 ) focus.
• - The embodiment described in protection claim 3 allows that even if the laminate gets into the notch and therefore no total reflection is possible, the light is still reflected by the notches.
• - The protection in claim 4 allows a lower reflection through the transparent plate.
• - The embodiment described in protection claim 8 reduces the risk that moisture penetrates into the solar module.
• - The embodiment described in claim 9 protection allows easy production.
• - The variant described in claim 10 protection is a particularly economical design, since it depends on the expensive but efficient monocrystalline solar cell technology particularly on loss reduction.
• - The features described in the claims 5, 6 and 7 define the structure of the invention in more detail.

Detailed description of an embodiment

Structure of the solar module:

In the glass plate ( 1 ) made of solar glass are notches ( 2 ). Below is a layer of laminate ( 3 ) (transparent EVA film). Below this are the solar cells ( 7 ) are mounted so that their cell connectors ( 4 ) just below the indentations ( 2 ). The solar cells are connected in series, in which the cell connectors ( 4 ) carry the current from the upper side contact (negative pole) of one solar cell to the underside contact (positive pole) of the next solar cell. On top of each solar cell ( 7 ) are the contact fingers ( 6 ), which absorb the current and to the busbars ( 5 ) conduct. These are then the cell connectors ( 4 ), which are soldered in some places with them. These elements together make up the top contact. The cell connectors ( 4 ) lead the current, as already mentioned, further to the underside contact of the next solar cell. On the underside of the solar cell is an aluminum foil ( 8th ), which in some places with those of the previous solar cells ( 7 ) coming cell connectors ( 4 ) are soldered. These elements form the underside contact. The plus and minus poles of the entire series of solar cells are connected to the solar module's rear panel connection. Under the solar cells then again a layer of laminate ( 3 ) and to protect against weather, a waterproof film ( 10 ). These, like the laminate layers, are melted by heating to bond all the components together. The solar module then has at the edges of a frame to facilitate its installation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

transparent plate (glass plate)

2

Notches in the transparent plate

3

Laminate (material for optical coupling)

4

cell connectors

5

Busbars

6

contact fingers

7

solar cells

8th

Back contact

9

Columns between the solar cells

10

Cover (back panel / backsheet)

11

light

12

reflective material

13

Light reflected from the cell connectors

14

Refraction of light after entering the glass plate

15

Length of the notch

16

Depth of notch

17

Width of the notch

In each of the figures only a part of the solar module is shown. The transition to the area not shown is indicated by the odd thin line. If in the indentations, however, it is an odd line, it does not stand for the transition to the area not shown, but is intended to show that the laminate has swollen into the notch barbs. In the three-dimensional representations, the transition to the area not shown is not marked everywhere, since this would be around the entire figure. The cell connectors would actually have to continue to the next solar cell. These, however, stop to simplify the drawing. The frame of the solar module is not shown in any figure because it is not necessary. If an element extends over a large area, only some parts of it are labeled with the designation stroke. Because in 4 Several components are on top of each other, it can not be seen from her what exactly the meaning of the names. For their understanding, the previous figures are required. In 5 and 6 are the laminate ( 3 ) and the top contact ( 4 - 6 ) omitted, otherwise the drawing would be confusing. In 1 For the same reason, the laminate and the transparent plate are omitted. Not in each of the figures, all of the elements are designated to thereby provide more clarity.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006006715 A1 [0002, 0004]
• DE 102005040871 A1 [0003, 0004]
• DE 000003741477 C2 [0010]

Claims (10)

Solar module at least comprising: - at least one transparent plate ( 1 ), several underlying solar cells ( 7 ), a plurality of elongated metal elements attached to solar cells, at least one of a plurality of solar cells ( 7 ) waterproof cover ( 10 ) (for example, a film); - at least one notch ( 2 ) in the transparent plate ( 1 ), or if several transparent plates ( 1 ), at least one notch in at least one of the transparent plates ( 1 ), characterized in that a notch ( 2 ) in at least one transparent plate ( 1 ) or several notches ( 2 ) in at least one transparent plate ( 1 ), all in all over a length of more than 1000 mm, fulfill all of the following criteria simultaneously: - It is / are essentially wedge-shaped. - It runs / run in each case with their entire width, over at least one solar cell ( 7 ). It runs / run over at least one elongate metal element (for example a cell connector ( 4 )). - It has a width of at least 1 mm and at most 10 mm. - It has a depth of at least 1 mm and at most 10 mm. - In her / them is at least one reflective material ( 12 ) or at least one substance with a refractive index of less than 1.45 or both. - It runs / run in one, to several solar cells ( 7 ), side of a transparent plate ( 1 ). Solar module according to protection claim 1, characterized in that in addition also a notch ( 2 ) or notches ( 2 ), above the columns ( 9 ) between the solar cells ( 7 ), and that, over a total length of more than 1000 mm, apart from their positioning, they have the same criteria as the notch (s) ( 2 ) in protection claim 1 fulfilled / meet. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protection described in claim 1 (n) notch ( 2 ) / Notches ( 2 ), a total length of more than 1000 mm, a minimum width of 1,5 mm and a minimum depth of 1,5 mm, a maximum width of 7 mm and a maximum depth of 7 mm. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side facing away from the solar cells (s) of the transparent plate (s) ( 1 ) for the most part does not have a uniform, even, but a structured surface. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that 3 to 15 narrow metal strips ( 4 ) (for example cell connectors) on most solar cells ( 7 ) are mounted and electrically connected to them. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the majority, the notch described in protection claim 1 ( 2 ) / Notches ( 2 ), with substantially their entire length (s), extend over a plurality of metal elements. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the majority of the surface, the notch described in protection claim 1 ( 2 ) / Notches ( 2 ), is essentially smooth. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protection described in claim 1 (n) indentation ( 2 ) / Notches ( 2 ), not to the edge of the transparent plate ( 1 ) is / are. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the majority, the notch described in protection claim 1 ( 2 ) / Notches ( 2 ), has a length of over 50 mm / have. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that most of the solar cells used ( 7 ) consist of monocrystalline silicon.

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