DE202018106166U1 - Portable device for the administration of a gas mixture in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient - Google Patents

Abstract

A device or ventilator (10) for administering a gas mixture (M, (O + A)) as part of, or as an adjunct to, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a patient (P), comprising:
- A holding frame (11) to hold the various parts of the device (10);
at least one cylinder (12) containing a gas mixture (M) comprising oxygen and argon (O + A) and to be administered to the patient (P) while he or she is being revived;
- A valve (13) which is associated with the cylinder (12) and is normally arranged in a closed state to prevent the escape of the gas mixture from the same cylinder (12), wherein the valve (13) is capable of a first pressure reducer of the gas mixture to operate when the valve (13) is open and therefore the gas mixture (M) from the cylinder (12) exits and is supplied from the cylinder;
- A control unit (14), which is in particular formed by a PLC and in which programs and algorithms are stored, which are intended to control the function of the device (10) and to control;
- a second pressure reducer and a control system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M) supplied by the cylinder (12) and coming from the first pressure reducer (13), both controlled by the control unit (14);
a setting and control panel (15) having a visualizer or display (15a) for enabling an operator to set and operate the apparatus (10); and
- A battery (21) to supply the energy that is necessary for the function of the device or the ventilator (10); wherein the device (10) is associated with a mask (17) or breathing mask or similar device with which it is suitable for the patient (P), which is revived, the mixed gas (M, (O + A)) with the reduced Pressure to be supplied by the second pressure reducer and by the control system (16) present in the same device (10).

Description

Area of utility model

The present utility model relates to the field of medical devices that can be used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, typically a cardiac injury and brain injury to a patient resulting from ischemia and / or blocked or reduced blood flow to the brain what is to be done is to prevent, and in particular the object of the utility model is to provide a device having features of portability, so as to be immediately and easily operable when necessary to a patient by means of a respiratory mask applied to his or her face to administer a special gas mixture comprising oxygen and argon or oxygen and argon and other gases.

State of the art

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also referred to by the abbreviation CPR, is an emergency procedure that combines chest compression with artificial lung ventilation to maintain brain and heart function by performing manual or mechanical activities until other measures are taken can be used to restore the spontaneous and normal blood circulation in a person who is affected by cerebral ischemia, usually followed by cardiac arrest.

In particular, cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR is indicated for persons in the case of a cardiac arrest and subsequent ischemia who are unresponsive and do not even breathe or have abnormal respiration.

As part of the emergency procedure, which is supported by the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, are devices, which are also referred to as CPR ventilators or simply called ventilators, known and are still used, which are suitable to a gas mixture, which typically contains oxygen in the To administer lungs to a patient who is compromised by ischemia to oxygenate him or her and maintain brain function, and at the same time, in combination with manual or mechanical compression of the breast, to support cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the shortest possible time.

In particular, the gas mixture containing oxygen is administered into the lungs of the patient via a special respiratory mask applied to the face by an operator of the device or via intubation into the trachea.

The gas mixture containing oxygen must be administered to the patient as soon as possible at the onset of ischemia following a cardiac arrest, thereby blocking blood flow to the brain.

These devices should also be suitable to be operated by operators without special preparation and training, taking into account unexpected situations and emergency situations in which they are normally used.

On the other hand, cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices or CPR ventilators must provide functions that allow trained individuals, and in particular a medical staff, to intervene selectively and with different approaches, particularly depending on the circumstances and injuries of the patient.

It is also apparent that the immediate availability of the CPR ventilator at the time of the clinical event is of fundamental importance, especially when the use of a proper mixture to be administered to the patient is crucial.

Cardiac arrest is a dramatic clinical event that occurs suddenly and often without warning.

This clinical event is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness caused by the lack of blood flow to the brain, which occurs when the heart ceases to pump blood to the brain.

As indicated by various sources, cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world, affecting between 350,000 and 700,000 people suffering cardiac arrest each year in the United States, Canada and Europe.

Argon was first used by deep-sea divers in the thirties.

It was later found that argon has a narcotic effect on overpressure conditions and that it has anesthetic properties at normal pressure.

Based on these effects, argon has been used mainly as an inert gas with the function of screening in many industrial applications and medical devices.

In addition, the neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects of argon have been described in numerous documents. In particular, the medical literature reports that tests show that argon, along with other noble gases with low anesthetic properties, such as helium and neon, has a cardioprotective effect when used as a rabbit pretreatment substance -minimal occlusion anterio of the left coronary artery were exposed.

It has also been found that the advantage of a mixture of argon / oxygen or argon / oxygen and other gases is higher when the gas mixture is administered to a patient as soon as possible.

However, while prior art documents describe the use and administration of argon as a protective pre-treatment in the protection of the heart muscle, they do not expressly describe the use and administration of argon for therapeutic purposes or as a therapeutic treatment.

In particular, to the Applicant's knowledge, no device or ventilator for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR was available on the market specifically designed and designed to produce a mixture of argon and oxygen or argon, oxygen and other gases, to prevent and prevent cardiac and brain injury in a patient affected by ischemia following cardiac arrest and which also has features of simplicity, portability, and efficacy, such as in emergency situations where the cardiopulmonary resuscitation device is normally to be used.

The CPR ventilator, which is the subject of the present utility model application, fulfills the requirements described above and moreover has small dimensions and features of portability and is suitable for being advantageously contained in a first aid medical device and in particular in the vicinity of the defibrillator to be arranged.

In addition, for the sake of completeness, it should be noted that in this field of application and in the exploitation of the properties and effects of argon in the biological and medical fields, the Applicant has already filed a European patent application ( EP 16183930.3 ), which describes a particular gas mixture comprising mainly oxygen and argon and optionally other gases, and is provided to be administered to a patient as part of and in connection with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for cerebral and cardiac injury which is caused in the same patient by an ischemia and / or a blocked or reduced blood flow to his or her brain, which follows a cardiac arrest.

Summary of the utility model

Therefore, the main object of the present utility model is to propose and develop a new, useful and practical apparatus or ventilator for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art described above, and in particular advantageously the use and the administration a gas mixture containing oxygen and argon, as a part and as a concomitant in an emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which combines a chest compression with artificial respiration, to prevent heart and brain injuries in a patient and avoid which by a Ischemia, which follows a cardiac arrest.

Another object of the present utility model, which in any case is associated with the previous one, is also a realization of a new device which is suitable for administering a mixture comprising oxygen and argon as an adjunct in an emergency procedure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and which has the characteristics of portability so as to enable its prompt and easy use for administering the gas mixture to a patient in an ischemic condition following a cardiac arrest, if necessary.

A further object of the present invention is also to realize a new device which can be used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention and which offers suitable functions for the type and the abilities of the operator who then has to operate it appropriate to administer the mixture of oxygen and argon to the patient, which is affected by ischemia, especially for an untrained operator, a trained operator and a doctor.

The aforementioned objects may be considered to be fully satisfied by the apparatus or respirator for the administration of a gas mixture in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient having the features disclosed by independent claim 1.

Advantageously, the ventilator of the utility model is designed to be used by untrained persons so as to enable the patient in the first few minutes after the clinical event, that is, immediately after a patient has been diagnosed with ischemia due to cardiac arrest administer the gas mixture comprising oxygen and argon.

• - Personen ohne Training oder spezielles Training;
• - trainierte Personen, welche zum Beispiel mit dem Krankenwagen an dem Ort des klinischen Ereignisses eintreffen, wie zum Beispiel Freiwillige, welche als paramedizinisches Personal arbeiten; und
• - spezialisierte Bedienpersonen, d.h. Ärzte.

In particular, as further described below, the ventilator has been developed and designed to be suitable for use in a safe manner by:

• - Persons without training or special training;
• trained persons arriving, for example, by ambulance at the site of the clinical event, such as volunteers working as paramedical staff; and
• - specialized operators, ie doctors.

As has already been emphasized, the location where the ventilator of the present utility model is placed and made available for use, when necessary, is also of fundamental importance and should be as close as possible to the site of the clinical event.

An advantageous solution, for example, is to place the ventilator near the defibrillator, assuming that this position is that where there are usually many operators responsible for treating the patient, which is compromised by a cardiac arrest and therefore has to be revived.

Obviously, the ventilator should also be available in ambulances, in the hospital, in ambulatory facilities and in clinics, and it should also be designed to receive permits for transport on a ship or aircraft and in general emergency vehicles.

list of figures

• 1 ist eine dreidimensionale Darstellung einer Vorrichtung oder eines Beatmungsgeräts gemäß dem vorliegenden Gebrauchsmuster, um ein Gemisch aus Sauerstoff und Argon und anderen Gasen einem wiederzubelebenden Patienten zu verabreichen.
• 2 ist ein funktionales Blockdiagramm der Vorrichtung der 1 des Gebrauchsmusters, um ein Gasgemisch, welches Sauerstoff und Argon enthält, dem Patienten während seiner oder ihrer kardiopulmonalen Reanimation zu verabreichen.
• 3 ist ein Flussplan, welcher den Einsatz und die Funktion der Vorrichtung der 1 und 2 darstellt, um ein Gasgemisch während der kardiopulmonalen Reanimation des Patienten zu verabreichen.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated by the following description of one of its preferred embodiments, which is provided by way of non-limitative example only with reference to the accompanying figures.

• 1 Figure 3 is a three-dimensional representation of a device or ventilator according to the present invention for administering a mixture of oxygen and argon and other gases to a patient to be resuscitated.
• 2 is a functional block diagram of the device of 1 of the utility model to administer a gas mixture containing oxygen and argon to the patient during his or her cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
• 3 is a flowchart illustrating the use and function of the device 1 and 2 to administer a gas mixture during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of the patient.

Description of a preferred embodiment of the device or the ventilator according to the utility model

As expected, the object of the present utility model is a new, useful and advantageous device or ventilator intended for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also referred to as CPR, that is, suitable for ventilating and to apply a gas mixture into the lungs of a patient while the latter is being revived, and for this reason it is also referred to as a CPR ventilator.

According to a first main feature of the present utility model, the gas mixture which is administered to the patient during a resuscitation by means of this device or CPR ventilator, in particular oxygen and argon or oxygen and argon plus other gases, in the heart and brain injuries in the Prevent and prevent patients who are caused by ischemia and / or reperfusion following cardiac arrest.

In particular, the utility model is based on the discovery that the administration of argon via the respiratory system, in concert with the techniques and methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, to a subject undergoing a therapy Cardiac arrest effectively protects both the heart muscle cells and neuronal cells from injury caused by ischemia and / or reperfusion following cardiac arrest.

According to what is suggested by the utility model, the administration of argon together with and in parallel with the standardized manual operations and activities associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation advantageously allows for improved and more effective cardiac protection together with improved and more effective neuroprotection compared to the administration of argon alone after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

It is repeated that, according to another advantageous feature of the utility model, the device or the CPR ventilator has features of portability and ease of use to provide immediate and easy administration of the gas mixture containing argon to the patient at the time of the clinical event if the patient is exposed to ischemia following a cardiac arrest.

It is known that cardiopulmonary resuscitation typically involves manual or mechanical chest compression in conjunction with ventilation or with inhaling and administering air into the lungs of the patient, or chest compressions only.

Advantageously, the CPR ventilator of the present utility model is provided for use during these resuscitation activities, that is, during breast compression and expansion of the patient, as indicated schematically by a double arrow CPR in FIG 2 is shown.

In a similar manner to that provided by the prior art, the gas mixture may also be passively applied and administered, by means of a tube the flow of the gas is introduced into the respiratory system of the patient to be resuscitated.

There are examples of this application when the flow of gas through a nasal tube or nasal mask is administered directly into a supraglottic device or into an endotracheal tube or even with jet ventilation or oscillatory ventilation.

In summary, the device or ventilator of the utility model in the context described above accomplishes the task of providing forced ventilation with a protective gas mixture containing argon to a patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the site of the clinical event until the patient arrives an emergency room of a hospital.

Therefore, the CPR ventilator may also be used to provide the patient's cardiac circulation both during the performance of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation activities and later on the patient's arrival at a first-aid and intensive care hospital facility is to protect and reactivate.

As has been emphasized, the CPR ventilator is specially configured to administer a mixture of oxygen and argon or oxygen, argon and other inert gases to the ischemic patient, with the concentration of argon in a mixture consisting solely of argon and oxygen exists, preferably between 20 and 80% of the volume is.

In addition, as already indicated, the gas mixture may also contain other gases such as: helium, krypton, neon, xenon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and in this case the preferred concentration of argon is above 10%.

The CPR ventilator of the utility model is equipped with a battery to allow a ventilation time with the gas mixture of the patient to be resuscitated 30 Minutes and 2 Hours, preferably between 30 and 60 Minutes to ensure.

In the presence of electrical outlets (such as ambulances), the ventilator can be charged or continuously powered from the mains.

In particular, as described in detail herein, this ventilation is created and implemented from a storage system in which the gas mixture containing argon is stored to continue and transport it along a pneumatic circuit until it interfaces is supplied to the patient, which interface may be configured from a nose or face mask or even a connector, which may be connected to a corresponding connector which is associated with an endotracheal tube.

The CPR ventilator is also equipped with a system for limiting the pressure of the respiratory system to prevent damage due to overpressure in the patient's lungs; a lung pressure indicator and a series of analogue and digital indicators that indicate the correct functioning of the CPR ventilator, which in turn corresponds to a patient's regular breathing rhythm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

In addition, the CPR ventilator of the utility model is advantageously portable, powered by batteries, may also be externally powered with a connection to an electrical system, and may be connected to a defibrillator module.

• - Personen ohne Ausbildung oder spezifische Unterweisung, entsprechend einer als „einfache Option“ bezeichneten Betriebsart;
• - geschulte Personen, die beispielsweise mit einem Krankenwagen an den Ort des klinischen Ereignisses kommen, an dem der Patient von einem Herzstillstand betroffen ist, oder freiwilliges Sanitätspersonal, entsprechend einer Betriebsart der Vorrichtung, die als „Zwischenoption“ bezeichnet wird;
• - medizinisches Personal, entsprechend einer Betriebsart, die als „fortgeschrittene Option“ bezeichnet wird.

Again, as described below, the device of the utility model has been developed and designed to be used safely on the basis of various and unique operating modes, in particular by:

• - persons without training or specific instruction, according to a mode of operation referred to as a "simple option";
• trained persons who, for example, come by ambulance to the place of the clinical event in which the patient is affected by a cardiac arrest or voluntary medical personnel, in accordance with a mode of operation of the device referred to as an "intermediate option";
• - medical personnel, according to a mode called "advanced option".

Taking into account these possible different modes of operation of the device, the flow of the patient's respiration may be controlled by a qualified physician, e.g. by means of a USB stick, and is instead fully automatic when the device is used by non-medical personnel.

As expected and in 1 As shown, the CPR ventilator of the utility model has a light structure and is reduced in size to have portability characteristics.

In particular, the CPR ventilator is designed to have dimensions and weight suitable for convenient and easy transportation on the shoulders of an operator.

• - L1 = 400 ± 100 mm;
• - L2 = 600 ± 150 mm;
• - L3 = 250 ± 150 mm.

For example, referring to 1 the indicative dimensions of the CPR ventilator, excluding the cylinder or additional cylinders containing oxygen and intended for specific uses, as described below, corresponding to the "advanced option" reserved to physicians:

• - L1 = 400 ± 100 mm;
• L2 = 600 ± 150 mm;
• - L3 = 250 ± 150 mm.

The intended weight is preferably less than 5 kg.

The above dimensions and weights are of course not binding and may be changed depending on the applications for which the CPR ventilator is intended.

• - einen rohrförmigen Stützrahmen 11, der die verschiedenen Teile der Vorrichtung oder des Beatmungsgeräts 10 hält;
• - mindestens einen Zylinder, der mit 12 bezeichnet wird und ein Gasgemisch M enthält, welches Sauerstoff und Argon (O+A) umfasst, das dem Patienten P zu verabreichen ist, während dieser wiederbelebt wird;
• - ein Ventil 13, das dem Zylinder 12 zugeordnet ist, das normalerweise in einem geschlossenen Zustand angeordnet ist, um das Austreten des Gasgemisches M aus dem Zylinder 12 zu verhindern, wobei dieses Ventil 13 geeignet ist, um als erster Druckreduzierer des Gasgemisches M zu wirken, wenn es austritt und direkt von dem Zylinder 12 zugeführt wird;
• - eine Steuereinheit 14, insbesondere bestehend aus einer PLC, in der Programme und Algorithmen gespeichert sind, die darauf abzielen, die Funktion der Vorrichtung 10 zu steuern und zu kontrollieren;
• - einen zweiten Druckreduzierer und ein Regelsystem, überall mit 16 gekennzeichnet, des Stromes des vom Zylinder 12 zugeführten und vom ersten Druckreduzierer 13 kommenden Gasgemisches M, wobei der zweite Druckreduzierer und das Regelsystem 16 beide vorgesehen sind, um von der Steuereinheit 14 gesteuert zu werden; und
• - ein Einstell- und Steuerfeld 15, das der Steuereinheit 14 zugeordnet ist, um es einer Bedienperson zu ermöglichen, den Strom des von der Vorrichtung 10 zugeführten Gasgemisches einzustellen und zu steuern, wobei dieses Einstell- und Steuerfeld 15 wiederum eine Visualisierung oder Anzeige 15a umfasst, die geeignet ist, gegenüber derselben Bedienperson Signale und Informationen über das Funktionieren der Vorrichtung 10 zu visualisieren.

Specifically, with reference to 1 and on the corresponding working block diagram of 2 the device or the portable ventilator, which is the subject of the present utility model, everywhere 10 denotes and comprises:

• - A tubular support frame 11 containing the different parts of the device or the ventilator 10 holds;
• - At least one cylinder with 12 and containing a gas mixture M comprising oxygen and argon (O + A) to be administered to the patient P while being revived;
• - a valve 13 that the cylinder 12 is assigned, which is normally arranged in a closed state to the leakage of the gas mixture M from the cylinder 12 to prevent this valve 13 is suitable to act as a first pressure reducer of the gas mixture M when it exits and directly from the cylinder 12 is supplied;
• - a control unit 14 , in particular consisting of a PLC in which are stored programs and algorithms aiming at the function of the device 10 to control and control;
• - a second pressure reducer and a control system, everywhere 16 marked, the current of the cylinder 12 supplied and from the first pressure reducer 13 coming gas mixture M, the second pressure reducer and the control system 16 both are provided to the control unit 14 to be controlled; and
• - a setting and control field 15 , the control unit 14 is assigned to allow an operator, the current of the device 10 set and control the supplied gas mixture, this adjustment and control field 15 again a visualization or display 15a which is suitable to the same operator signals and information about the functioning of the device 10 to visualize.

In addition, the device 10 of the utility model with a view to use in a variety of places for the supply of a battery provided in 2 With 21 is designated, this battery 21 is sized so that it is a functional capability of the device 10 and a flow of the gas mixture M for a period of 30 to 60 Secured and rechargeable so that it can be connected to a conventional charger, such as an already installed in ambulance.

When using the device 10 is the visualization or display 15a in the settings and control panel 15 is included, capable of generating a visual signal "OUT OF OPERATION" when the battery 21 that the device 10 is powered, discharged and therefore can not provide energy.

More specifically, this "OUT OF OPERATION" message is generated automatically and appears on the display 15a when there is no more energy in the battery 21 is present while, when the charge in the battery 21 the device 10 is sufficiently large, the ad 15a does not display and therefore appears black or, in another version, the word "ACTIVE" or a similar name appears.

In addition, the ad has 15a of the adjustment and control panel 15 the function of visually indicating to the operator prior to the administration of the gas mixture to the resuscitated or already resuscitated patient that in the device 10 everything works properly and it is ready for use.

The device 10 is also a breathing mask 17 assigned in one in the same device 10 trained subspace 18 may be accommodated to supply the revived patient with the mixed gas M at a reduced pressure from the second pressure reducer and the control system 16 is supplied.

This subspace 18 who is in the device 10 is formed, has sufficient space for receiving and housing both the breathing mask 17 responsible for the administration of the cylinder 12 supplied gas mixture M to the patient is required, as well as a flexible hose through 19 is marked and the breathing mask 17 with the control system 16 the current of the gas mixture to be administered to the patient.

The cylinder 12 , which contains the gas mixture of oxygen and argon, is preferably made of composite material, to a lesser weight in favor of transportability and portability of the device 10 exhibit.

In general, this cylinder can 12 Made with any type of material and coated, provided that the material that is in the cylinder 12 contained gas mixture M comes into contact with this is compatible.

The pressure of the gas mixture inside the cylinder 12 can be up to 450 reach bar and is preferably at about 300 bar.

The content of the cylinder 12 containing the mixed gas varies from 0.5 to 3 Liter of geometric volume and preferably corresponds 2 Liters to at an operating pressure of 450 bar up to 800 Liters of gas mixture to contain.

That the cylinder 12 associated valve 13 can be made as a commercial valve, or preferably designed and dimensioned such that a flow of a predetermined rate and a given perimeter at a certain final pressure of the cylinder 12 leaving gas mixture M is allowed to work as a pressure reducer.

Preferably, the pressure of the gas mixture M is after the valve 13 , that is, at the exit of the cylinder 12 , between 1 and 10 bar.

As already mentioned, this contains in the cylinder 12 contained gas mixture at least 20% oxygen.

Preferably, in the case of the "advanced option", this gas mixture is enriched with oxygen and may, for example, reach a concentration of 50% oxygen or higher with the remaining argon gas.

The same methods of obtaining a mixture which is oxygen-enriched in a variable manner may also be applied to the mixtures of other gases.

The gas mixtures administered to the patient may contain only argon and oxygen, or, as already indicated, may be gas mixtures containing argon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, xenon, helium, krypton, neon at various concentrations, provided that this is assumed that the functioning of the ventilator 10 does not depend on the specific composition of the gas mixture administered to the patient being resuscitated.

In particular, as also described below, the concentration of oxygen to be administered to the patient should not be altered and corresponds to the concentration of oxygen in the gas mixture in the bottle 12 is included when the device or ventilator 10 is set to operate based on the "simple option" or "intermediate option".

Instead, in the case of the "advanced option" provided for physicians, the oxygen concentration may be adjusted accordingly by the same medical staff.

When using the device 10 occurs the flow of the gas mixture M, which leaves the cylinder 12 even if it is already through the valve 13 was reduced in the open position with respect to its pressure, in a zone or a part of the device 10 one where the pressure and rate of this flow are more accurately controlled.

In particular, this part comprises the device 10 a series of devices that allow a precise and efficient control of the flow of the gas mixture M depending on the characteristics of the respiration of the patient P during resuscitation.

In this part of the device 10 is also the control unit 14 housed, ie the PLC, which is the function of the same device 10 regulates.

The remaining part of the device 10 that remains free and not from the cylinder 12 , the control unit 14 and the second pressure reducer and control system 16 the flow of the gas mixture M is used to the subspace 18 to define and train in which the respirator 17 and the flexible hose 19 They can be accommodated with the second pressure reducer and control system 16 combines.

The breathing mask 17 that of the device or the ventilator 10 and accommodated therein is typically a "basic model" so that the operator can easily operate it and, in particular, does not require any application to adhere perfectly to the patient's face.

In this way, ie by providing a breathing mask 17 of the normal type and standard, which is therefore easily applicable without special skills, will avoid being untrained persons, especially if the ventilator 10 designed for operation and use according to the "simple option", can cause pneumatic damage to the internal organs of the patient.

Consequently, the differences in the characteristics and performance of the ventilator also relate 10 of the utility model when it is foreseen that it works on the basis of the "simple option", as opposed to being intended to work on the basis of the "intermediate option", also on the type of mask used by the operator of the same ventilator 10 can be used.

In particular, the breathing mask can be used when using the ventilator 10 according to the "intermediate option", be housed in a corresponding special compartment in the ventilator 10 is formed, along with a warning on the same respirator 10 is visible, such as "THIS MASK CAN ONLY BE USED BY MEDICAL STAFF" or a similar warning.

Instead, the breathing mask, which is useable in the case of the "simple option", is already connected to the respective flexible hose that connects it to the second pressure reducer and the control system 16 of the ventilator 10 combines.

With reference to the drawings and in particular to the working block diagram of 3 Now the use and operation of the device 10 according to the utility model for the administration of the gas mixture M (O + A), which contains oxygen and argon, to a patient in the condition of cerebral ischemia during his cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

To operate the device or the ventilator 10 Simple and immediate by the operator, the various operations to be performed to ensure proper functioning and rapid deployment to the patient in a state of cerebral ischemia are briefly described and symbolized on a panel 20 which is part of the same device 10 is pictured as it is in 1 is shown.

• - Öffnen des Ventils 13, das dem Zylinder 12 zugeordnet ist, um die freie Abgabe des Gasgemisches M aus dem gleichen Zylinder 12 zu ermöglichen;
• - Platzieren eines Befehlsknopfes 15b, wie in 1 dargestellt, in einer Standby-Position, der in dem Einstell- und Bedienfeld 15 des Beatmungsgeräts 10 vorhanden ist;
• - Kontrollieren des Signals auf der Anzeige 15a des Einstell- und Bedienfeldes 15, was anzeigt, dass im Beatmungsgerät 10 alles ordnungsgemäß funktioniert;
• - Auswählen der Größe des wiederzubelebenden Patienten P mittels des Einstell- und Bedienfeldes 15 und Drücken der entsprechenden auf dem gleichen Bedienfeld 15 dargestellten Figur;
• - Aufbringen der Atemmaske 17 auf das Gesicht des zu reanimierenden Patienten P; und
• - Platzieren des Befehlsknopfes 15b aus der Standby-Position in eine Position einer Anweisung für das Beatmungsgerät 10.

Specifically, the operations to be performed by an operator are when a patient is experiencing cerebral ischemia, which typically occurs after cardiac arrest and, therefore, as in the blocks 31 . 32 and 33 in 3 indicated to the operator on the device or the ventilator 10 of Utility Model accesses and uses this, following:

• - opening the valve 13 that the cylinder 12 is assigned to the free release of the gas mixture M from the same cylinder 12 to enable;
• - placing a command button 15b , as in 1 shown in a standby position in the settings and control panel 15 of the ventilator 10 is available;
• - Check the signal on the display 15a of the adjustment and control panel 15 , indicating that in the ventilator 10 everything works properly;
• - Selecting the size of the resuscitated patient P by means of the setting and control panel 15 and pressing the corresponding on the same control panel 15 figure shown;
• - applying the breathing mask 17 on the face of the patient P to be resuscitated; and
• - Place the command button 15b from the standby position to a position of an instruction for the ventilator 10 ,

As already mentioned, the correct order of the operations to be performed, as described above, is usefully on the same device 10 and can also be led by a recorded voice.

In general, these operations have a block 34 in 3 Correspond to the purpose of the ventilator 10 adjust it to its activation to deliver the gas mixture M to the patient in a state of cerebral ischemia that needs to be revived as soon as possible.

It is set that the cylinder 12 associated valve 13 is preferably of a special type which is not adjustable, so that it can be brought from the initially closed position only in an open position in which the valve 13 is fully open, and once it has been used by the ventilator's operator 10 is disposed in the open position, can not be returned to the closed position.

In this way, a malfunction of the valve 13 avoided in the aroused moments involving measures to activate and use the ventilator 10 be taken on the patient.

The selection of the body size of the patient P regulates and automatically determines the flow of this gas mixture M on the basis of in the PLC the control unit 14 stored algorithms and programs.

After completion of the preparation phase, the device becomes 10 as it is by a block 36 in 3 is activated to operate in accordance with the specific mode of operation according to the nature and capabilities of the respective operator in order to treat the patient P in accordance with his cardiopulmonary resuscitation, as indicated by the double arrow CPR in FIG 2 is symbolized to administer the gas mixture M, which contains oxygen and argon, in order to avoid cerebral and neurological damage in the patient P.

So if the device 10 is activated to operate in accordance with the "simple option", it becomes the gas mixture M on the basis of the in the control unit 14 administered program, which actually corresponds to this "simple option", as in the blocks 37 and 37 - 1 in 3 is shown.

If instead the device 10 is activated to operate in accordance with the mode of operation corresponding to the "intermediate option", it becomes the gas mixture M on the basis of that in the control unit 14 stored program that corresponds to this "intermediate option", as in the blocks 38 and 38 - 1 in 3 indicated, administer.

Finally, when the device 10 is activated to operate in accordance with the mode of operation corresponding to the "advanced option", it becomes the gas mixture M on the basis of the program operating in the control unit 14 saved, according to this "advanced option", as it is in the blocks 39 and 39 - 1 in 3 indicated, administer.

As stated above, the basic difference between the so-called "simple option" option and the so-called "intermediate option" corresponds to the difference in the type of mask, the untrained personnel, according to the "simple option", and the trained personnel, according to the "Zwischenoption", each for administering the gas mixture M, which contains oxygen and argon, to the patient P can administer.

In addition, there are other important differences that differentiate the so-called "reserved option" option for physicians, which is reserved for physicians, from the other two options "simple option" and "intermediate option" for unskilled and medium-skilled trainees.

In particular, doctors or other persons and professional persons who have been specially trained or legally for the use of the ventilator 10 are responsible, have another, additional and separate device with respect to the device or the ventilator 10 , which can be connected to them if necessary.

• - einem Sauerstoff enthaltenden Zylinder oder einem Zylinder, der ein Gemisch aus mit Sauerstoff angereichertem Gas enthält; und
• - einem speziellen Softwareschlüssel oder Software-Stick, in dem ein Programm zur Verwaltung dieser weiteren Vorrichtung oder dieses zusätzlichen Teils in Bezug auf das Beatmungsgerät 10 gespeichert ist.

In detail, this further device or an additional part of the ventilator 10 consists of:

• an oxygen-containing cylinder or a cylinder containing a mixture of oxygen-enriched gas; and
• a special software key or software stick in which a program for managing this further device or this additional part with respect to the ventilator 10 is stored.

This additional and independent part is not intended to be used with the ventilator 10 but is usually worn by doctors or, in any case, by trained persons arriving at the site of the clinical event to assist and revive the patient, for example by ambulance.

Similar to the cylinder 12 which already exists and is an integral part of the device 10 Also, this additional cylinder, which contains an enriched oxygen mixture, is fabricated with composite material to have a minimum weight.

The operating pressure in this additional cylinder can be up to 450 reach bar, but is preferably at about 300 bar.

In use, the additional cylinder can very easily be attached to the device or the ventilator 10 and is equipped with an appropriate pressure reducing valve that is configured to be like the cylinder 12 associated valve 13 works, which contains the gas mixture M with argon and an integral and essential part of the ventilator 10 is, so that this pressure reducing valve is arranged only in two positions "open" and "closed" and once opened can not be closed.

The software key or the software stick gives the physician access to a large number of different functions that are required by the software PLC the control unit 14 of the ventilator 10 Thus, for example, the oxygen concentration in the mixture M to be administered to the patient P, the pressure in dispensing and administering the same mixture M, the flow rate and the relative administration times can be varied.

Again, access to the PCL the doctor, the ventilator 10 during the chest compression massages performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, to exhale air from the lungs and to inhale air during the subsequent recovery phase.

Again, the program or software that allows the physician to access the resources of the PLC the control unit 14 to be loaded into a tablet or tablet computer.

Once the tablet in USB or Bluetooth mode to the ventilator 10 connected, the commands for the PLC entered by the doctor via the touch screen of the same tablet, on which also the parameters of the ventilator 10 can be displayed.

It is apparent from the description that the present utility fully meets the objectives set, and more particularly, to a new and useful apparatus or ventilator for administering a gas mixture containing, in particular, argon, in conjunction and in connection with the cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a cardiac arrest patient to prevent and prevent cardiac and cerebral lesions caused by ischemia and / or blocked or reduced blood flow to the brain in the same patient.

In addition, the device has features of portability to allow easy and immediate use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of an ischemic affected patient after cardiac arrest if needed.

variants

Of course, without prejudice to the principle and basic technical concepts of the present utility model, it will also be understood that the device or ventilator will be used to administer a gas mixture in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, heart and brain lesions caused by ischemia, or blocked or reduced blood flow after cardiac arrest avoiding and preventing a patient may be the subject of variations, changes, and improvements over those described and illustrated heretofore without departing from the scope of the same utility model.

For example, based on a first variant, the ventilator may incorporate a CO ₂ detector, which may be useful to prevent hyperoxygenation of the patient during the resuscitation phase.

As already mentioned, the gas mixture administered to the patient can contain not only oxygen and argon but also other gases, in particular helium.

In this case, the gas mixture may consist of oxygen in a percentage of at least 21%, argon preferably in a percentage of more than 10% and helium, as a function of balancing, to obtain a lighter mixture that is easily breathable and therefore at certain patients may facilitate breathing.

It is clear that in this case the appropriate way of providing helium in the composition of the gas mixture is determined by the low molecular weight of this gas, which means that the gas mixture administered to the patient can be easily breathed.

Again, the CPR ventilator may be designed to easily pass the approval tests for transport in an aircraft or helicopter.

Finally, as already illustrated, the design and configuration of the ventilator may be such that it can be transported like a backpack or by hand like a bag.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 16183930 [0021]

Claims (15)

A device or ventilator (10) for administering a gas mixture (M, (O + A)) as part of, or as an adjunct to, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a patient (P), comprising: - A holding frame (11) to hold the various parts of the device (10); at least one cylinder (12) containing a gas mixture (M) comprising oxygen and argon (O + A) and to be administered to the patient (P) while he or she is being revived; - A valve (13) which is associated with the cylinder (12) and is normally arranged in a closed state to prevent the escape of the gas mixture from the same cylinder (12), wherein the valve (13) is capable of a first pressure reducer of the gas mixture to operate when the valve (13) is open and therefore the gas mixture (M) from the cylinder (12) exits and is supplied from the cylinder; - A control unit (14), which is in particular formed by a PLC and in which programs and algorithms are stored, which are intended to control the function of the device (10) and to control; - a second pressure reducer and a control system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M) supplied by the cylinder (12) and coming from the first pressure reducer (13), both controlled by the control unit (14); a setting and control panel (15) having a visualizer or display (15a) for enabling an operator to set and operate the apparatus (10); and - A battery (21) to supply the energy that is necessary for the function of the device or the ventilator (10); wherein the device (10) is associated with a mask (17) or breathing mask or similar device with which it is suitable for the patient (P), which is revived, the mixed gas (M, (O + A)) with the reduced Pressure to be supplied by the second pressure reducer and by the control system (16) present in the same device (10). Device or ventilator (10) after Claim 1 wherein the device or ventilator (10) is configured to operate in various modes or working options (37, 38, 39) as a function of the characteristics, capabilities and type of personnel present to the same device or ventilator (10) to administer the gas mixture (M, (O + A)) to the patient (P), the various working options or modes comprising: a first option (37) referred to as a "simple option", wherein the device (10) is provided to be used by a non-trained and non-specialized personnel without the risk of causing harm to the patient, in the first option (37) the control unit (14, PLC) Function of the device (10) based on a predetermined and special program controls (37-1), which in fact corresponds to the first option, to obtain an adequate flow of the gas mixture (M) with a corresponding pressure to avoid pneumatic damage to the patient, even in the case of a tracheal blockage; a second option (38), also referred to as an "intermediate option", in which the device (10) is provided to be used by a trained operator, in the second option (38) the control unit (14, PLC ) controls (38-1) the operation of the device (10) based on a specific and specific program according to the second option to produce an adequate flow of a gas at a corresponding pressure, administered to the patient by means of a mask of a professional type to become; and - a third option (39), which is also referred to as an "advanced option", in which the device (10) is provided to be used by a medical staff, wherein in the third option (39) the medical personnel in being able to access, for example in a Bluetooth mode or by means of a USB connection, the resources and the programs stored in the control unit (14) and in the PLC in order to control the flow of the gas mixture (M), which is to be administered to the patient (P), and to select and adjust the corresponding pressure and also the concentration of oxygen in the same gas mixture (M) if another additional cylinder containing oxygen is connected to the same device (10). Device or ventilator (10) after Claim 1 or 2 wherein the valve (13) associated with the cylinder (12) is adapted to be from the closed position to which it is normally set to prevent the release of the gas mixture (M) from the cylinder (12) can be adjusted to a certain open position without being subject to any regulation by the operator of the device to allow free delivery of the gas mixture (M) through the cylinder (12), and the valve (13), once has been set in the open position, can not be closed again in the closed position to avoid operator error during use of the device (10). Device or ventilator (10) according to one of Claims 1 - 3 comprising a subspace (18) having sufficient space to accommodate both the respiratory mask (17) necessary for the patient to receive the mixed gas (M, (O + A)) contained in the cylinder (12) , and a tube (19) containing the breathing mask (17) with the second pressure reducer and the control system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M) administered to the patient (P) by the device (10); connects, absorb and accommodate. A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one cylinder (12) has a volume comprised between 0.5 and 3 l, preferably 2 l and is dimensioned and designed to be suitable to operate at up to 450 bar and to contain up to 800 l of the gas mixture (M) under pressure. A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the adjustment and control panel (15) allows the operator of the device to control the flow of gas mixture (M) contained in the cylinder (12) around the patient (P ) to be administered based on the size of the same patient (P). The device or ventilator (10) of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising access, in particular via Bluetooth or a USB mode, to connect the same device (10) to an external communication device, for example a tablet, for transmission of commands to the control unit (14) and the corresponding PLC, which are designed to change the setting parameters of the device (10). A device or ventilator (10) according to any preceding claim, wherein the battery (21) is adapted to allow the device (10) to function for at least 30-60 minutes and is adapted to be charged by is connected to a conventional battery charging device, in particular that already in ambulance, and to immediately generate power when charging; and wherein the display (15a) provided in the adjustment and operation panel (15) is configured to not be used when the apparatus (10) is discharged, for example, since the battery (21) is discharged is in operation to visualize a corresponding message, for example "OUT OF OPERATION". A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a connection for an additional cylinder in a composite containing a gas mixture enriched in oxygen and in which the oxygen is present in a concentration of more than 21%. A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve (13) associated with the cylinder (12) and operated as a first pressure reducer is adapted to reduce the pressure in the gas mixture (M) from a high pressure which is present in the same cylinder to reduce to a reduced pressure at the outlet of the latter so as to allow the gas mixture (M, (O + A)), suitably the second pressure reducer and the control system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M, (O + A)) and therefore to be administered at the required pressure of the gas mixture (M) to the patient (P) during a resuscitation. A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims comprising the following features: - a weight of less than 5 kilos; Dimensions and a design so that it is possible to easily carry the device (10) on the shoulders or by hand; - a battery (21) so as to allow the device (10) to operate for up to 120 minutes; a connection to an electrical system to allow the recharging of the battery (21) or the continued functioning of the device (10). A device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder (12) containing the gas mixture (M, (O + A)) for administration to the patient (P) is carbon steel or an aluminum alloy or in a composite having an inner lining in a metal, aluminum or steel or in a polymer composite. The device or ventilator (10) of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising means for connecting the device to an endotracheal tube. Device or ventilator (10) to detect and measure to avoid a hyperoxygenation according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising means to Carbondioxid (CO ₂₎ in the blood of the patient (P). Device or ventilator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Device or the ventilator (10) is adapted to administer the gas mixture (M) contained in the cylinder (12), even in the event of failure of the battery (21) by using an additional auto-reviving device, which is suitable is to allow a manual ventilation of the patient, which is to be revived.

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