DE202016107411U1 - Refractive optics with free-form body - Google Patents

Abstract

Optical system (1) having a refractive optical waveguide (6), comprising - a light-receiving surface (2) which is designed to receive light emitted by a luminous means (4) into the refractive optical waveguide (6), and - a light-emitting surface (3), which is designed to emit light guided in the refractive optical waveguide body (6) in a radiation characteristic predefined solely by a geometry of the refractive optical waveguide body (6) to form a surface which is substantially sharply illuminated by the radiated light.

Description

The invention relates to a lens for lighting and an associated lamp.

In order to achieve illumination with a predetermined radiation characteristic, it has hitherto been necessary to use complicated optics. In particular, such optics consisted of numerous individual components such as reflectors, sliders, diaphragms, lenses, etc. Such optics is very complex in terms of the number of components. In addition, the individual components must be arranged in a defined position to each other in order to obtain a functioning light.

For example, shows the German utility model DE 20 2013 103 270 U1 a luminaire with a prismatic structure element. There, the luminaire consists of a light source for generating the light, a reflector for influencing the light and a refractive element for further influencing the light. All of these components must be arranged in a defined position to each other in order to achieve a functioning light with the desired radiation characteristics.

The invention is therefore based on the object, an optics and an associated lamp, which includes the optics to provide, which allows for low production costs, an exact adjustability of the emission characteristics.

The object is achieved for the optics by the features of independent claim 1. For the lamp, the object is achieved by the features of independent claim 20. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

An optical system according to the invention includes a refractive optical waveguide which includes a light-receiving surface and a light-emitting surface. The light-receiving surface is designed to receive light emitted by a light source into the refractive light guide body. The light emission surface is designed to emit light guided in the refractive optical waveguide in a radiation characteristic predefined solely by a geometry of the refractive optical waveguide to form a surface which is substantially sharply illuminated by the radiated light. Thus, it is possible to produce the optics with very little effort, but at the same time to set the radiation exactly. In particular, it is possible to dispense with a precise adjustment of the individual components in their distances from each other without having to accept a loss of accuracy in terms of the desired emission characteristics. Also, so the spatial dimensions and weight can be minimized. A particularly high efficiency of a luminaire, which uses the optics, can still be achieved.

In this case, the emission characteristic is advantageously the geometric shape of the area illuminated by the emitted light that is substantially sharply delimited.

Advantageously, the optics consist solely of the refractive Lichtleitkörper. Thus, a particularly simple production of the optics can be ensured.

Advantageously, the refractive Lichtleitkörper is made in one piece. This further reduces the production cost.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the light receiving surface is a concave recess of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers. This ensures a particularly efficient absorption of the light emitted by the light source into the light guide body.

Advantageously, the light-receiving surface is an at least partially spherical recess of the refractive optical waveguide. A further increase in the efficiency of the absorption of light into the light guide is achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the light-emitting surface has a recess in a central region opposite to the light-receiving surface. In particular, a uniform illumination of the area directly below the central area is achieved.

Advantageously, each point of the light emitting surface has an inclination which adjusts the radiation characteristic. This makes it possible to set the light emission characteristic very precisely.

Advantageously, the predefined radiation characteristic is a triangular emission characteristic. The light-emitting surface then has three at least partially spherical regions.

Alternatively, the predefined radiation characteristic is a quadrangular, in particular a square or rectangular emission characteristic. The light-emitting surface in this case has four at least partially spherical regions.

Alternatively, the predefined radiation characteristic is a pentagonal radiation characteristic. The Light emitting surface in this case has five partially spherical areas.

Alternatively, the predefined radiation characteristic is a hexagonal radiation characteristic. The light-emitting surface then has six at least partially spherical regions.

Generally speaking, the predefined radiation characteristic is an N-angular radiation characteristic. In this case, the light-emitting surface N has at least partially spherical portions. Thus, the emission characteristics can be set very flexible.

Advantageously, the partially spherical areas of the light emitting surface are interconnected by transition areas. The transition areas have no points of discontinuity of the light emitting surface. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly simple production of the refractive optical waveguide.

At the same time a uniform illumination is ensured with the selected radiation characteristic.

Advantageously, the refractive optical waveguide is mirror-symmetrical with respect to at least one surface through a center of the light-receiving surface. A particularly uniform illumination and a simple production of the light guide are achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the refractive optical waveguide is rotationally symmetrical with respect to at least one straight through a center of the light receiving surface. Thus, a particularly uniform illumination is achieved, in particular with a round radiation characteristic.

Advantageously, the light-emitting surface of the light-receiving surface is at least partially opposed. This ensures a particularly efficient light pipe.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a compensating surface is tilted by the light-receiving surface with respect to a compensating surface through the light-emitting surface. So it is particularly easy to emit light sideways against the bulb.

Advantageously, the optics is designed to radiate light irradiated into the light-receiving surface through the illuminant in an irradiation direction through the light-emitting surface in a radiation direction. The irradiation direction and the emission direction are tilted by at least 30 °, preferably by at least 45 °, particularly preferably by at least 90 ° with respect to each other. This makes it particularly easy to emit light laterally relative to the bulb.

Advantageously, a compensating surface extends through the light-receiving surface parallel to a compensating surface through the light-emitting surface. Thus, a particularly uniform illumination is achieved with a simple production of the refractive optical element.

A luminaire according to the invention includes a previously illustrated optics and a light source. The luminous means is attached to the light-receiving surface and configured to radiate light through the light-receiving surface in the refractive Lichtleitkörper. This achieves a luminaire which is particularly easy to produce.

Advantageously, the lighting means is an LED or OLED or an incandescent lamp or a gas discharge lamp. A particularly simple production of the lamp is achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the luminaire has no further light-generating and light-conducting elements in addition to the luminous means and the optics. A particularly simple production of the lamp is achieved.

• 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte und Optik in einer dreidimensionalen Ansicht;
• 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Optik in einer dreidimensionalen Ansicht;
• 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Optik in einer seitlichen Schnittdarstellung
• 4 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Optik in einer dreidimensionalen Schnittdarstellung;
• 5 ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Optik in einer seitlichen Schnittdarstellung mit eingezeichneten Strahlengängen;
• 6 eine Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte;
• 7 Beleuchtungsstärkeprofile verschiedener Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte;
• 8 eine Intensitätsverteilung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte, und
• 9 Intensitätsprofile verschiedener Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte.

The invention will be described by way of example with reference to the drawing, in which an advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown. In the drawing show:

• 1 a first embodiment of the lamp and optics according to the invention in a three-dimensional view;
• 2 a second embodiment of the optics according to the invention in a three-dimensional view;
• 3 a third embodiment of the optics according to the invention in a lateral sectional view
• 4 A fourth embodiment of the optical system according to the invention in a three-dimensional sectional view;
• 5 a fifth embodiment of the optical system according to the invention in a lateral sectional view with marked beam paths;
• 6 an illuminance distribution of an embodiment of the lamp according to the invention;
• 7 Illuminance profiles of various embodiments of the luminaire according to the invention;
• 8th an intensity distribution of an embodiment of the luminaire according to the invention, and
• 9 Intensity profiles of various embodiments of the lamp according to the invention.

First, based on 1 - 4 on the structure of various embodiments of the lamp and optics invention. Based on 5 is discussed based on the beam paths closer to the function. With reference to 6 - 9 the achievable radiation characteristic is explained. Identical elements were not shown and described in similar illustrations.

In 1 is a first embodiment of the lamp according to the invention 10 shown. The lamp 10 includes a bulb 4 , here for example an LED and an optic 1 , The optics 1 includes a refractive light guide 6 , The refractive light guide 6 includes a light-receiving surface 2 and a light emitting surface 3 , The light-receiving surface 2 is opposite the bulb 4 arranged so that from the bulb 4 radiated light through the light-receiving surface 2 into the interior of the refractive optical waveguide 6 to be led. In the example shown here, the light-receiving surface is a recess of the refractive optical waveguide 6 , In particular, it is concave. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it may be spherical or semi-spherical.

The light output surface 3 is essentially opposite the light-receiving surface 2 arranged. Inside the refractive optical fiber 6 guided light is from the light emitting surface 3 issued. Due to the inclination of the surface at each single point of the light emitting surface 3 the desired radiation characteristic is set. In the example shown here, a rectangular emission characteristic is desired. The refractive light guide 6 is thus designed such that the light emitting surface 3 four at least partially spherical areas 11 - 14 which correspond to the four corners of the rectangular radiation characteristic. The at least partially spherical areas are connected to each other by transition areas, so that a soft transition is formed. In particular, no discontinuities of the surface arise.

In 2 is another embodiment of the optics of the invention 1 shown. Here is the bottom, which is in 1 is hidden, shown. Clearly visible here is a recess 5 located in a central area of the light-receiving surface 2 opposite. This recess 5 ensures particularly uniform illumination in a central area of the radiation characteristic.

In 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the optics of the invention 1 shown. Here, the cut is made through a center of the light-receiving surface. It is clearly recognizable that the refractive light guide body 6 is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the cutting plane. Here is also that recess 5 directly below the center of the light-receiving surface 2 is arranged.

In 4 is a three-dimensional sectional view of another embodiment of the optics of the invention 1 shown. Again, the arrangement of the light receiving surface 2 and the recess 5 recognizable.

It is important to mention that the optics 1 preferably only from the refractive Lichtleitkörper 6 consists. This is a particularly simple construction of the optics 1 reached. The refractive light guide 6 can be made in several parts or in one piece. Preferably, the one-piece is designed to further simplify the construction. In addition to the version with four partially spherical areas of the light emitting surface 3 in order to achieve a rectangular radiation characteristic can also be a version with 3, 5, 6 or N partially spherical areas of the light emitting surface 3 be generated. The emission characteristic then also has 3, 5, 6, N corners.

In order to achieve a round radiation characteristic of the refractive Lichtleitkörper 6 moreover, rotationally symmetric with respect to a straight line through a center of the light-receiving surface 2 be.

In the embodiments shown so far is the light-receiving surface 2 largely opposite the light emitting surface 3 , In particular, there is parallelism between a compensating surface through the light receiving surface 2 and a compensating surface through the light emitting surface 3 , To an oblique light output with respect to the direction of incidence by the bulb 4 To achieve the compensation surfaces can be tilted against each other. So a lateral light output is achieved.

In order to achieve a particularly simple construction of the luminaire, the luminaire contains only the light source as light-generating and light-conducting elements 4 and the optics 1 ,

In 5 is a further sectional view of an embodiment of the optics of the invention 1 shown. Here it becomes clear that through Positioning of the bulb 4 in the center of the here partially spherical light absorption surface 2 a uniform irradiation of the light into the interior of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers 6 is reached. In the refractive light guide body 6 the light moves in a straight line to be refracted and discharged at the light emitting surface in accordance with the inclination of the surface at the respective exit point. Due to the inclination, the emission direction of the respective light beam is adjusted. Thus, the inclination sets the overall light emission characteristic of the luminaire.

In 6 is an exemplary illuminance distribution of in 1 - 5 shown embodiments shown.

In 7 Two different illuminance profiles of exemplary luminaires are shown. Here it can be seen that different widths of the light output by different constructions of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers 6 can be achieved.

In 8th is further an intensity distribution, as shown by the embodiments of the 1 - 5 can be achieved.

Finally, in 9 represented different intensity profiles, which by different construction of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers 6 can be achieved. The two intensity profiles shown here correspond to the two in 7 illustrated illuminance profiles.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. As already mentioned, different shapes of the radiation characteristic can be set by designing the exact surface shape of the refractive light element. Also, different bulbs can be used. In addition, it is conceivable to provide a refractive optical waveguide with a plurality of light-receiving surfaces, and thus to use a plurality of illuminants in order to increase the illuminance.

All features described above or features shown in the figures can be combined with each other in any advantageous manner within the scope of the invention.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202013103270 U1 [0003]

Claims (23)

Optical system (1) with a refractive optical waveguide (6), comprising - A light receiving surface (2) which is adapted to receive from a light source (4) emitted light in the refractive Lichtleitkörper (6), and - A light emitting surface (3), which is designed to radiate in the refractive Lichtleitkörper (6) guided light in a solely by a geometry of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers (6) predefined radiation characteristic to form a substantially sharply limited from the radiated light illuminated area. Optics (1) after Claim 1 , wherein the emission characteristic is a geometric shape of the surface of the radiated light substantially sharply limited illuminated. Optics (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the optics (1) consists solely of the refractive Lichtleitkörper (6). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 3 , wherein the refractive Lichtleitkörper (6) is made in one piece. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 4 , wherein the light receiving surface (2) is a concave recess of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers (6). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 5 , wherein the light receiving surface (2) is an at least partially spherical recess of the refractive Lichtleitkörpers (6). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 6 , wherein the light-emitting surface (3) has a recess (5) in a central region opposite to the light-receiving surface (2). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein each point of the light emitting surface (3) has an inclination, and wherein the inclination of the points of the light emitting surface (3) adjusts the radiation characteristic. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 8th wherein the predefined radiation characteristic is a triangular emission characteristic, and wherein the light emission surface (3) has three at least partially spherical regions. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 8th , wherein the predefined radiation characteristic is a quadrangular, in particular a square or rectangular emission characteristic, and wherein the light emission surface (3) has four at least partially spherical regions (11, 12, 13, 14). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 8th wherein the predefined radiation characteristic is a pentagonal radiation characteristic, and wherein the light emission surface (3) has five at least partially spherical regions. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 8th wherein the predefined radiation characteristic is a hexagonal radiation characteristic, and wherein the light emission surface (3) has six at least partially spherical regions. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 8th wherein the predefined radiation characteristic is an N-cornered radiation characteristic, and wherein the light emission surface (3) has N at least partially spherical regions (11, 12, 13, 14). Optics (1) after one of Claims 9 to 13 wherein the partially spherical regions (11, 12, 13, 14) of the light emitting surface (3) are interconnected by transition regions, and wherein the transition regions have no discontinuities of the light emitting surface (3). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 14 in which the refractive optical waveguide is mirror-symmetrical with respect to at least one surface through a center of the light-receiving surface (2). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 15 in which the refractive optical waveguide is rotationally symmetrical with respect to at least one straight line through a center of the light receiving surface (2). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 16 , wherein the light-emitting surface (3) of the light-receiving surface (2) is at least partially opposite. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 17 wherein a compensating surface is tilted by the light receiving surface (2) against a compensating surface by the light emitting surface (3). Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 18 wherein the optic (1) is adapted to radiate light irradiated into the light receiving surface (2) by the illuminant (4) in an irradiation direction through the light emitting surface (3) in a radiation direction, and wherein the irradiation direction and the irradiation direction are at least 30 ° , preferably by at least 45 °, more preferably by at least 90 °. Optics (1) after one of Claims 1 to 117, wherein a compensating surface through the light receiving surface (2) is parallel to a compensating surface through the light emitting surface (3). Luminaire (10) with an optical system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 20 and a lighting means (4), wherein the lighting means (4) is mounted on the light receiving surface (2), and wherein the lighting means (4) is adapted to irradiate light through the light receiving surface (2) in the refractive Lichtleitkörper (6). Lamp (10) according to Claim 21 wherein the lighting means (4) is an LED or an OLED or an incandescent lamp or a gas discharge lamp. Lamp (10) according to Claim 21 or 22 , wherein the lamp (10) in addition to the light source (4) and the optics (1) includes no further light-generating and light-conducting elements.

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