DE202009013226U1 - Chuck for clamping and centering of ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

Chuck for clamping and centering ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces having a base body and a plurality of radially movable and coupled to a linear drive clamping jaws, characterized in that clamping jaws (4) for external and internal clamping of the workpiece (1) and arranged with linear drives (5 ), so that the workpiece (1) outside or inside or outside and inside can be tensioned or centered that Wegmesssysteme for determining the position of the clamping jaws (4) and force sensors (6) at least for the clamping forces components of the linear drives (5 ) of the clamping jaws (4) and that the linear drives (5), the displacement measuring systems and the force sensors (6) are connected to a control device, wherein the control device is a part of the chuck.

Description

The The invention relates to chucks for clamping and centering ring-shaped and deformation sensitive workpieces with a base body and several led radially movable and each coupled to a linear drive jaws.

Out The prior art is known chuck which are power operated via various Mechanics such. B. wedge hook chuck, lever chuck etc. by an axial movement (cylinder or other type of linear force application) in the center of the chuck, the axial force in a centric acting Redirect radial force component and the workpiece from the inside or outside forcibly centering and clamping, with three jaws is a provision of the workpiece where.

There z. B. Ball bearing rings by previous operations (such z. B. pre-turning, hardening) can be out of round this compulsory centering effect is of great disadvantage.

at Three-jaw chucks are the clamping force in three places in the workpiece initiated which have a deformation (polygonal shape) to result. At z. B. six jaws (hexagon shape) or eight jaws (octagonal shape).

By Arrangement of six or more jaws which forcibly centric acting is an over-determination given the deformed workpieces, even six-jaw lever compensation chuck or three-jaw chucks with pendulum jaws deform the workpiece into a polygon shape.

In the conventional one Art become these workpieces deformed during clamping and a concentric machining on turning and / or grinding machines performed, after processing and after the workpieces relax back and the concentricity is not more given.

conventional power-operated Chucks allow either internal clamping or external clamping. To z. B. from inside spans and outside editing on outer margins and to change inside processing a changeover process is necessary with all shortcomings as remodeling the jaws re-centering and clamping the workpiece.

conventional power-operated Chucks generally have power deflection and power transmission only a small clamping travel (clamping stroke).

Farther need conventional power chucks Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder for axial introduction of the actuating force a medium (hydraulics or compressed air) which uses complex rotary unions supplied becomes.

The defects and to eliminate disadvantages is the purpose of the invention.

Around deformation-sensitive workpieces as possible deformation-free clamping and centering and machining perform three pages to be able to This invention is characterized.

Of the The protection claimed in claim 1 is based on the object deformation-sensitive workpieces easy to cock and center.

These Task is solved with the features listed in the protection claim 1.

The Chuck for clamping and centering ring-shaped and sensitive to deformation workpieces with a basic body and several led radially movable and each coupled to a linear drive Clamping jaws are characterized in particular by the fact that the workpiece as far as possible can be machined without deformation.

To are clamping jaws to the outside and internal clamping of the workpiece arranged and coupled with linear drives, so that the workpiece outside or inside or outside as well as being internally tensioned or payable. Furthermore, path measuring systems for the Position determination of the clamping jaws and force sensors at least for the clamping forces Components of the linear drives of the clamping jaws. Furthermore are the linear drives, the displacement measuring systems and the force sensors connected to a control device, wherein the control device a component of the chuck is.

through The individual linear drives and the position measuring systems can Clamping jaws of the chuck both synchronously and independently the workpiece be delivered. This can also advantageously from a predeterminable Initial situation, so in a synchronous movement of the Initial position of the workpiece is easily centered. At the same time, the force sensors are included on the workpiece acting force determinable. The occurring force can also be predetermined so that when centering and clamping a deformation of the workpiece is largely avoided.

Another advantage is that the Workpiece can be clamped and centered both from the outside and from the inside. This ensures that all but the contours pointing in the direction of the chuck can be machined without re-clamping the workpiece. It remains fixed in position on the chuck.

In order to the chuck is particularly suitable for clamping, supports and Centering of deformation sensitive workpieces, such as that thin Ball bearing rings are.

advantageous Embodiments of the invention are in the protection claims 2 to 11 indicated.

in the body are according to the embodiment of the protection claim 2 electromagnets or electro-permanent magnets each consisting of a permanent magnetic core or iron core with a coil, pole segments and pole shoes for clamping of the workpiece arranged.

The Centering takes place, for example, via the clamping jaws and the Additionally clamping by means of the electromagnets or electro-permanent magnets. The possibility a deformation of the workpiece is thereby further reduced. By means of the force sensors is the Force, without the workpiece too deform, predetermined adjustable.

in the body are according to the embodiment of the protection claim 3 in the main body an electro-permanent magnet system or electro-magnetic system is arranged. In addition to a secure fixation can furthermore the occurring chips easily dissipated become.

To the development of the protection claim 4 is the jaw on a Fixed base jaw and the base jaw coupled to the linear drive. With that you can slightly differently shaped jaws are mounted on the chuck. This makes it easy to adapt to different workpiece geometries where. This situation leads to a universally usable chuck.

The Clamping jaw has after the development of the protection claim. 5 a u-shape. Furthermore, the distance between the legs of the U-shaped clamping jaw greater than the ring width of the workpiece, leaving the inner surfaces the thigh the workpiece inside or outside stressed.

The Chuck has according to the embodiment of the protection claim. 6 Slip rings for electrical connection of at least the linear drives and the control device with an electrical energy source. The Control device is advantageously a data processing system, in which at least the conditions and method for centering of the workpiece is implemented.

force sensors are after the development of the protection claim 7 on the Control device with linear drives connected so that clamping jaws be moved synchronously and center the workpiece with a predetermined force and / or tension.

The Force sensors, the linear drives and the electromagnets are behind the development of the protection claim 8 with the control device connected so that the jaws move synchronously or individually be, the workpiece Center with a given force and / or the workpiece with the Electro-permanent magnet is stretched.

force sensors are after the development of the protection claim 9 on the Control device with linear drives connected so that clamping jaws for clamping from the outside or be moved synchronously inside and the workpiece with predetermined Center the force and the inner or outer contour and that of the chuck opposite contour of the workpiece editable are and jaws for subsequent clamping from the inside or outside synchronous be moved and the workpiece center with specified force and the outer or inner contour can be machined is.

The Force sensors are according to the embodiment of the protection claim 10 on the Control device connected to the linear drives so that the occurring centrifugal forces, which are caused by the speed and the mass of the clamping jaws and the workpiece, on the Force sensors are determined and by during clamping and / or centering from the outside to the selected ones Clamping and / or centering forces added and vice versa during clamping and / or centering from the inside to the selected ones Clamping and / or centering forces subtracted and thus the centrifugal forces are compensated.

The Force sensors are according to the embodiment of the protection claim 11 on the Control device connected to the linear drives so that jaws individually or in at least one group of jaws accordingly predetermined increasing personnel be moved and the workpiece Center and / or tension with given force.

One embodiment The invention is illustrated in principle in the drawings and will be closer in the following described.

It demonstrate:

1 a chuck for clamping and Centering ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces in a plan view and

2 a chuck in a sectional view.

A chuck for clamping and centering ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces 1 consists essentially of a basic body 2 , Basic baking 3 with jaws 4 , Linear actuators 5 , Force sensors 6 and a control device.

The 1 shows a chuck for clamping and centering ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces in a schematic plan view.

The chuck has in this example six axes formed from six base jaws 3 in the main body 2 straight and with one linear drive each 5 connected to the process.

The 2 shows a chuck in a schematic sectional view.

On each of the base jaws 3 is a jaw 4 releasably secured by at least one screw connection. The jaws 4 have a u-shape, wherein the distance of the legs greater than the width of the annular workpiece 1 is. This is the workpiece 1 Can be tensioned inside or outside by means of the inner surfaces of the legs.

The linear drives 5 are each equipped with a position measuring system, so that the respective position can be determined. These are the linear drives 5 and the path measuring systems are connected to the control device in the form of a known data processing system. These are known linear drives 5 used, which convert via an electric motor and a spindle gear rotation of the motor in a linear movement of the spindle rod. The spindle rod is attached to the base jaw 3 coupled. In the linear drive 5 is a linear displacement measuring system for determining the position of the base jaw 3 positively and non-positively connected spindle rod and a force sensor 6 integrated for tensile and compressive forces for direct determination of tensioning and centrifugal forces.

In this example, there are three jaws 4a Synchronized via the control device and act from the outside on the workpiece 1 , This achieves exact centering without overdetermination. The three other jaws 4b are single operated and supporting or clamping the workpiece in this example from the inside.

In this configuration, for example, machining of the upper side, the inner contour and the outer contour by the tool 7 up to the level of the clamping jaws 4 be performed. The jaws 4 hold the workpiece 1 opposite to the externally and internally acting clamping forces.

For machining the upper side and the inner contour of the workpiece 1 the following configuration can be used. Three jaws 4a are electronically synchronized and center the workpiece 1 with a given force passing through the force sensors 6 are determinable. These are the force sensors 6 interconnected with the control device. The jaws 4b are individually driven and clamping the workpiece 1 from the outside also with a given force. After the machining of the inner contour and the upper side has been carried out, the clamping jaws 4b synchronizes procedures and centers the workpiece 1 from the inside. Do the jaws 4b reaches the predetermined force, the jaws 4a also from the inside to the workpiece 1 approached. This can be synchronized by choice or individual. Now you can edit the outer contour in the same clamping position.

The electrical connection of the linear drives 5 including the distance measuring systems and the force sensors 6 and the control device takes place with slip rings 11 ,

In one embodiment, the chuck has for clamping the workpiece 1 additionally electro-permanent magnets.

These are in the body 2 n-permanent magnetic cores 8th and arranged according to n-coils, which are the magnetic cores 8th magnetize by induction. About pole segments 9 and pole shoes 10 become the magnetic field lines in the workpiece 1 concentrated and stretched by the river lines from the north to the south pole.

In another embodiment, by means of the force sensors 6 The centrifugal forces that occur are determined by the upcoming speed and the mass of the clamping 4 and base jaws 3 be brought forth. The compensation takes place by addition during clamping and / or centering from the outside to the preselected clamping and / or centering forces and vice versa by subtraction during clamping and / or centering from the inside to the preselected clamping and / or centering.

In a further embodiment the chuck is also without electric or electro-permanent magnet system to use.

Claims (11)

Chuck for clamping and centering ring-shaped and deformation-sensitive workpieces with a base body and a plurality of guided radially movable and each coupled to a linear drive jaws, characterized in that clamping jaws ( 4 ) for external and internal clamping of the workpiece ( 1 ) and with linear drives ( 5 ) are coupled so that the workpiece ( 1 ) outside or inside or both outside and inside can be tensioned or centered that distance measuring systems for determining the position of the clamping jaws ( 4 ) and force sensors ( 6 ) at least for the clamping forces components of the linear drives ( 5 ) of the clamping jaws ( 4 ) and that the linear drives ( 5 ), the position measuring systems and the force sensors ( 6 ) are connected to a control device, wherein the control device is a part of the chuck. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that in the base body ( 2 ) Electromagnets each consisting of a permanent magnet core ( 8th ) with a coil, pole segments ( 9 ) and pole shoes ( 10 ) for clamping the workpiece ( 1 ) are arranged. Chuck for protection claim 2, characterized in that in the base body ( 2 ) An electro-permanent magnet system or electro-magnetic system is arranged. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that the clamping jaw ( 4 ) on a base jaw ( 3 ) and that the base jaw ( 3 ) to the linear drive ( 5 ) is coupled. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that the clamping jaw ( 4 ) has a u-shape and that the distance of the legs of the u-shaped clamping jaw ( 4 ) larger than the ring width of the workpiece ( 1 ), so that the inner surfaces of the legs of the U-shaped clamping jaw ( 4 ) the workpiece ( 1 ) inside or outside. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that the chuck slip rings ( 11 ) for the electrical connection of at least the linear drives ( 5 ) and the controller having an electric power source. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that force sensors ( 6 ) via the control device with linear drives ( 5 ) are connected so that jaws ( 4 ) are moved synchronously and the workpiece ( 1 ) center and / or tension with predetermined force. Chuck according to protection claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the force sensors ( 6 ), the linear drives ( 5 ) and the electromagnets or electro-permanent magnets are connected to the control device so that the clamping jaws ( 4 ) are moved synchronously or individually, the workpiece ( 1 ) center with predetermined force and / or the workpiece ( 1 ) is tensioned with the electromagnets or electro-permanent magnets. Chuck according to protection claim 7, characterized in that force sensors ( 6 ) via the control device with linear drives ( 5 ) are connected so that jaws ( 4 ) are moved synchronously for clamping from outside or inside and the workpiece ( 1 ) with predetermined force center and the inner or outer contour and the workpiece facing away from the chuck ( 1 ) are machinable and that jaws ( 4 ) are moved synchronously for subsequent clamping from the inside or outside and the workpiece ( 1 ) center with predetermined force and the outer or inner contour is machinable. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that the force sensors ( 6 ) via the control device with the linear drives ( 5 ) are connected so that the centrifugal forces, which by the speed and the mass of the clamping jaws ( 4 ) as well as the workpiece ( 1 ), via the force sensors ( 6 ) are determined and added during clamping and / or centering from the outside to the preselected clamping and / or centering and subtracted in the reverse manner during clamping and / or centering from the inside to the preselected clamping and / or centering and thus compensates for the centrifugal forces become. Chuck for protection claim 1, characterized in that the force sensors ( 6 ) via the control device with the linear drives ( 5 ) are connected so that jaws ( 4 ) individually or in at least one group of clamping jaws ( 4 ) are moved in accordance with predetermined increasing forces and the workpiece ( 1 ) center and / or tension with predetermined force.