DE202009007835U1 - Hybrid composite material consisting of several joining partners - Google Patents

Abstract

Hybrid composite material of several joining partners, wherein
- The joining partners in the connection area lie flat on each other
- at least one ungelochter first joining partner (1) consists of a deformable non-metallic material,
- At least one ungelochter second joining partner (2) consists of a deformable metallic or non-metallic material and
- That the material of the first and the second joining partners (1, 2) in the connection area by the impression of a punch (5) are formed into each other such that their materials are at least partially displaced radially outward and a mechanical clamping between the first and the second Joining partner (1, 2) forms.

Description

The The invention relates to a hybrid composite material of several Joining partners.

In the DE 37 10 929 C2 describes a method and a tool for joining superimposed thin plates, in which during a deep-drawing process, the material is formed in a recess of the die and thereby forms a grandeur on the opposite side of the stamp impression. In an adjoining additional operation, by moving the punch and the die in the opposite direction, the sublimity formed by the material flow is pressed into the plate plane of the lower plate. The result is also a one-sided almost flat connection without sublimity. Similarly, the method is after DE 102 45 604 A1 carried out in the plate-shaped components for permanent connection by forming an undercut in a working stroke with the following steps: arranging the components to be connected between a punch projection of a punch tool and a bearing surface of a counter tool, pressing the punch projection into the components to be joined to form a temporary elevation on the side facing the counter tool side of the components and separation of areas thereof outside an area of influence of the punch projection of a bearing surface of the counter tool and forming an undercut of the components by further reducing a bottom thickness in the survey. The device for permanently connecting the two sheets, by forming an undercut between the components, has a punch tool which is movable toward and away from a counter-tool along a main working direction, the counter-tool being substantially flat on its side facing the punch tool is trained. This solution is relatively complicated by several mutually opposing forming steps and is used for joining two plate-shaped components, in particular sheets. A method for connecting fiber composite plastic components with a mating member made of another material, wherein the mating member has a bore is in DE 101 43 155 A1 described. The invention is characterized in that the counterpart component and the fiber composite plastic component in the region of the bore lie flat on each other, are pressed by a punch fibers and matrix of fiber composite plastic through the hole and by a counter punch on the side of the counterpart component Pressed through volume of the fiber composite plastic is formed into a mold head. It is thus possible to connect a component made of fiber composite material with a counter component made of metal, in particular sheet steel or aluminum sheet or other structure-forming materials such as plastic, glass, ceramic or wood. The preparation of the through hole, however, represents an additional manufacturing effort and the formation of a forming head is a hindrance in some applications.

task The invention is a hybrid composite material of several To develop joining partners, using a stamp and to create a counterpart, the connection of joining partners made of different materials is possible.

The Task is solved with the features of the first protection claim. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

Of the consists of hybrid material composite according to the invention from several joining partners, whereby the joining partners in the connection area lie flat on each other and at least an unperforated first joining partner from a formable non-metallic material and at least one ungelochter second joining partner made of a deformable metallic or non-metallic material and wherein the material of the first and the second joining partner in the connection area are molded into each other by the impression of a stamp that their materials at least partially radially outward are displaced and a mechanical interlocking between form the first and the second joint partner.

Of the Stamp impression can be either from the direction of the first or the second Be joined joining partner, the material of the first or the second joint partner, in each of which Stamp impression is introduced, an equal or a larger Forming capacity as the material of the other joining partner having. However, it is also possible that the joining partner, in which the stamp penetrates a lower forming capacity having.

Of the second joining partner is either a metal sheet or a Plate made of plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic or Fiber composite material, the first joint partner consists of Plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, fiber composite material, Wood, paper composite, cardboard, cardboard, rubber, glass, ceramics, textile Material or a combination of the aforementioned materials with or without the inclusion of metallic foil and / or plastic film.

This makes it possible for the first time, without previous processing stages (such as punching), to create a hybrid work just by stamping composite metal / plastic, metal / fiber composite material, metal / glass, plastic / plastic, plastic / fiber composite material, plastic / glass, plastic / wood, plastic / cardboard, etc., wherein the deformed area is substantially within the thickness of the joint partners and Thus, on the opposite side of the stamp of the hybrid composite material produced no or only a small survey is available. The stamping impression may be introduced from the direction of the first or second joining partner, wherein the joining partner, in which the stamping impression is introduced, has a curvature which adjoins the stamping impression on the circumference and which results from the material flowing upwards at the circumference of the stamp.

Of the facing away from stamp impression first or second joining partner has advantageously on its opposite the stamp impression outside no or only a small survey or well or only one low otherwise off-plane surface structure. It is possible between the first and the second joint partner to arrange at least a third joint partner. Is too this is not punched or has a breakthrough on it, the smaller than the stamp circumference, becomes the third joining partner together with the first and the second joint partner reshaped the stamp impression.

has the third joint partner made a breakthrough, essentially is equal to or greater than the punch circumference, This breakthrough, depending on which direction the Stamp acts, the material of the first or second joint partner shaped.

Of the third joining partner, for example, in the form of a thin Plate or foil be formed and made of sheet metal, metal or plastic film, plastic, fiber reinforced plastic, fiber composite, wood, Paper composite, cardboard, cardboard, rubber, glass, ceramics, textile material or a combination of the aforementioned products and materials consist.

Consist the first and the second joint partner made of plastic (same or different) and arranged therebetween third joint partner a perforated metal or glass plate, the material of the first or second joining partner through this breakthrough formed of the third joining partner and radially outward together with the material of the other first / second joint partner reshaped. It thus creates a hybrid plastic / metal (or. Glass) / plastic composite.

It it is also possible to design the hybrid material composite in such a way that the connection between the joining partners of the kind one Push button is releasable and recoverable.

Farther the stamp impression can not be rotationally symmetrical be, whereby the joining partners against each other twist are connected, which can be advantageous if only one Joining position is present.

The Production of the hybrid composite material is made of several Joining partners that are flat in the connection area lie on one another using a punch and a counter-holder, wherein a first unperforated joining partner of a non-metallic formable material and a second un-punched joining partner made of a metallic or non-metallic formable material be positioned between an anvil and a stamp and the material of the first and the second joining partner by a successive directed relative movement of the stamp and Counterholds in only one process stage / forming stage in such a way be formed, that the material of the first and the second joint partner at least partially displaced radially outwards and thereby a mechanical clamping in the connection area generated between the first and the second joint partner becomes. The connection region is preferably substantially inside the thickness of the joining partners.

It is possible between the first and the second joint partner to arrange at least a third unperforated joining partner, so that by the relative movement between stamp and counterholder when applying the stamp on the second joint partner of the material of the second and third joining partner in the material of first joint partner or when the stamp on the first Joining partners the material of the first and third joint partner is formed in the material of the second joining partner.

alternative can at least between the first and the second joint partner a third joint partner punched in the area of the stamp be arranged so that by the relative movement between the punch and counter - holders, depending on how they attack, the material of second joining partner through the perforation of the third joining partner in the first joining partner or the material of the first Joining partners through the perforation of the third joining partner be formed in the second joint partner.

In order to improve the formability of the material, it is possible to add the material of the first and / or second and / or third joining partner before or during the production of the connection area to improve the forming capacity at least partially to warm. This can be done for example by heat input via a heated plunger and / or counter-holder, by one or more nozzles, the heated flow medium (liquid or gaseous), by microwaves or by laser, inductive heating or resistance heating. The punch may have a radially expandable portion at its end pointing in the direction of the counter-holder, which is spread radially during the penetration of the punch or after reaching a certain penetration depth of the punch, so that material of the Fügrpartner is additionally formed radially outward and thus an enlargement the undercut and thus a better mechanical clamping between the joining partners is generated. Alternatively, it is possible to additionally form the material of the joining partners by the pressure of a pressure medium radially outward.

Of the Stamp performs while entering the Joining an axial lifting movement during of penetration or from a certain penetration depth in addition superimposed by a radial movement (eg hypotrophorid path) can be.

It is also possible, the relative movement between stamp and counterhold by vibrations to superimpose. Eg can the stamp during penetration into the material a movement oscillating in the direction of its longitudinal axis, especially with vibrations in the ultrasonic range, perform, which has a positive effect on the formability of the material can, allowing larger degrees of deformation possible are.

From Advantage is if from the direction of the punch during the Forming process, a hold-down with a hold-down force on the top of the punch side arranged joining partner acts as it prevents this from becoming undesirable arched above.

Of the Counterholder can also be made in two parts and a during the forming process fixed anvil and an axially movable counter-punch exhibit. The counter stamp can, while or after the stroke movement of the punch in relation to the joining partners perform a forward or Rückhubbewegung and thereby influence the flow of material in the radial direction.

Of the Countermark can be stamped after applying the stamp and the blank holder as well as the anvil first move towards the stamp perform, whereby the Gegeghalterstempel in the penetrates subsequent joint partner. Well moved the punch moves towards the counterholder and penetrates into the other one Joining partners. This can be from a certain depth of penetration of the punch move the counterholder back to its pressure surface aligned with the bearing surface of the anvil.

With It is the first time for the solution according to the invention possible, in a simple way a hybrid composite material to produce from at least two non-perforated joint partners, the no or no significant disturbing surveys has in the joining area.

The Invention will be described below with reference to embodiments and associated drawings explained in more detail.

It demonstrate:

1 : Establishment of a hybrid connection between a first joint partner 1 made of plastic, and a second joining partner 2 made of metal (sheet metal) before the forming process,

2 : Production of a hybrid compound acc. 1 after completion of the joining process,

3 : Joint connection 1 before the leveling of the curvature in the second joining partner,

4 : Joint after leveling the vault,

5 : Establishment of a hybrid connection between a first joint partner 1 made of fiber-reinforced plastic, a second joint partner made of plastic 2 and a third joining partner arranged therebetween 3 made of metal foil,

6 : Production of a hybrid connection between a first joining partner made of plastic, a second joining partner made of plastic and a perforated third joining partner made of sheet metal arranged therebetween,

7 : hybrid connection with three joining partners, wherein the third joining partner arranged between the first and second joining partners is pivotable,

8th : as 3 but with a split counterholder,

9 : Production of a hybrid connection between a first and a second joining partner, wherein the stamp is radially spreadable at its end,

10 : Cross section of a rectangular stamp,

11 : Cross section of a triangular stamp,

12 : Cross section of an oval stamp.

According to 1 were the first joining partner before the joining process 1 made of plastic and a second joining partner 2 made of metal (sheet metal) positioned between the forming tool, wherein the first joining partner 1 on the counter-holder 4 on a support surface 4.1 of the counterpart 4 is applied. Flat on the first joining partner 1 is the second joining partner 2 on, wherein the first and the second joint partner 1 . 2 are not vorgelocht. The Stamp 5 is on the side of the second joining partner 2 arranged and used by a hold-down 6 , which is formed in the form of a hollow punch, surrounds. The circumferential extension of the hold-down 5 goes over the counterpart 4 addition to a lifting of the joining partners 1 . 2 to avoid during the joining process. The Stamp 5 has here a circular cross section and has at the transition from its outer diameter D5 to its pressure surface 5.1 a relatively small radius R5. The hold down 6 points at the transition from its inner diameter d6 to its bearing surface 6.1 a larger radius R6 compared to the radius R5. Between the inner diameter d6 of the hold-down 6 and the outer diameter D5 of the punch 5 is a gap 7 available.

To carry out the joining process, the stamp 5 along its punch axis A with a Vorhubbewegung in the direction of the counter-holder 4 moved, so he in the second joining partner 2 penetrates and this towards the counter-holder 4 displaced, with the hold-down 4 acts with a hold-down force. The material of the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 are now displaced radially outward, as on the opposite side of the punch 5 the counterpart 4 is applied. This will gem. 2 in only one process step (a punch stroke) between the joining partners 1 . 2 generates an undercut H, whereby a mechanical interlocking between the first and second joining partners 1 . 2 is formed. Furthermore, material of the first joining partner flows 2 on the outer circumference of the stamp 5 up, which is due to the radius R6 in conjunction with the gap 7 is possible. This forms on top of the second joining partner 2 a wraparound arch 8th that the stamp impression 9 surrounded. The cross section of the joint connection according to the invention is in 3 shown. Between the joining partners 1 and 2 has formed by the radially outward flow of material an undercut H, the two joining partners 1 . 2 connects with each other. To the stamp impression 9 around the second joint partner has a curvature 8th on. Is the vault 8th disturbing for the intended application, this can be done by means of a Kalibrierstempels 10 be leveled, the component on a support surface 11 rests.

4 shows a longitudinal section of the finished joint connection. By calibration by means of the calibration die, the material was formed from the area of the curvature radially inward, so that the top of the second joining partner 2 is essentially flat except for the stamp impression and has no elevation or camber more. It was thereby a hybrid connection between a first joint partner 1 made of plastic and a second joining partner 2 made of sheet metal, which was previously not possible in this way. It is also possible to join these partners 1 . 2 to arrange so that the second joint partner 2 on the counter-holder 4 and the first joining partner 1 on the side of the stamp 5 is positioned. In this case, would be at a first mating partner 1 made of plastic through the forming / joining process by means of the punch 5 the plastic of the first joining partner 1 in the metallic material of the second joining partner 2 formed. This also works if z. B fiber-reinforced plastic or fiber composite material is used, it being surprising that the plastic or the fiber-reinforced plastic of the first joining partner 1 correspondingly in the metallic material of the second joining partner 2 molding.

Instead of a metallic material, the second joining partner 2 also made of plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic. It is also possible to connect a joining partner, which is arranged in the direction of the stamp, made of plastic and the second joining partner made of cardboard / cardboard. In 5 a variant is shown after completion of the joining process, in which a first joining partner 1 made of plastic on the counterholder 4 and a second joint partner 2 plastic towards the stamp 5 is arranged, being between the joining partners 1 and 2 a third joint partner 3 is arranged from a metal foil, which together with the first and second joining partners 1 . 2 was formed by the radially outward flow of material forming the undercut H forming. The metal foil is also not pre-punched in the stamp area. It is Z. B. also possible, a first joint partner 1 made of cardboard, with a metal or plastic film (third joint partner 3 ) was laminated, with a second joint partner 2 made of plastic.

Gem. 6 was the one between the first joint partner 1 and the second joint partner 2 arranged third joint partners 3 with a breakthrough 12 Mistake. By the stamp 5 became the material of the second joining partner 2 through the breakthrough 12 in the third joining partner 3 in the first on backstop 4 adjacent first joint partner 1 molded and behind the breakthrough 12 of the third joining partner 3 the undercut H formed. With appropriate dimensioning, it is possible in accordance with. 7 the third joint partner 3 relative to the first and second joint partners 1 . 2 if necessary, to pivot after applying a loosening torque. One recognizes in 7 in the second joining partner 2 the curvature created by the forming process 8th , which adhere to the stamp impression 9 followed.

It is with the invention thus for the first time possible to produce in only one process stage (with a Stempelhub) a hybrid composite material in which z. B. a first and second joint partner 1 . 2 made of plastic with a third pre-punched joining partner 3 pivotally made of metal or plastic, without the use of additional material to connect, with substantially no disturbing elevations / bulges on the outer sides of the first and second joining partners are present.

Gem. 8th is the counterpart 4 formed in two parts. He has an anvil 4a on, the first joint partner 1 is present and a counter stamp 4b that of the anvil 4a is surrounded. This is the first joint partner 1 with the punch side second joint partner 2 and a third joining partner arranged therebetween 3 connected. The Stamp 5 and the hold-down 6 lie first at the top of the not yet formed second joining partner 2 and first the counter stamp completes 4b along the axis A a lifting movement in the direction of the punch 5 and penetrate something in the first joint partner. Now the stamp completes 5 a lifting movement in the direction of the counterholder stamp 4b and penetrates into the second joint partner 2 which, as in 8th already shown, an undercut H adjusts. The radial flow of material to form the undercut is in this case by the penetrated counter-punch 4b favored. Now the stamp moves 6 towards the counter stamp 4b and the counter stamp 4b moves in a return stroke so far that its pressure surface 4b1 with the contact surface 4a1 the anvil is substantially aligned. After the stamp 5 has reached the required depth of penetration, this performs its return stroke and the connection is completed. There are also other movements of stamps 5 and counter stamps 4b possible. In 9 is the completion of a joining process between one on the counter-holder 4 adjoining first joining partner and one towards the stamp 5 arranged second joining partnet shown, wherein the punch 5 a radially expandable area 5.2 having, after completion of the axial stroke of the punch 5 the material of the joining partners 1 . 2 additionally formed by radially spreading radially into each other. Again, there is a hold-down 6 on top of the second joining partner. Gem. Not shown embodiments, the additional radial shaping can also be done by means of a pressure medium.

10 shows a rectangular punch cross section, where it is possible, two to the printing surface 5.1 make subsequent edges as cutting edges, so that the material of the adjacent joining partner is severed by the cutting edges and is formed only in the other areas. 11 shows the variant of a triangular stamp and 12 an oval stamp attached to its printing surface 5.1 a form element 5.3 having. Of course, depending on the application, other stamp shapes are possible.

It is also possible, on the pressure surface of the stamp form elements (s. 12 ), which favor the material flow or steer in a certain radial direction.

By the use of non-circular or asymmetrical stamp is thereby realized an increase in the torsional strength.

By the mechanical clamping between the joining partners is the absorption of external mechanical loads possible in different directions.

Of the Undercut is a connection area in which stamp side Material radially behind the Gegenhalterseitigem material, whereby a nearly insoluble positive and non-positive Connection is generated. It is with a single stroke of the Stamp (in one step) possible, a hybrid connection manufacture. The one-step mechanical joining of plate-shaped components to a one-sided planar composite is doing without preparatory work, such as z. B. punching, collar pulling, etc. possible. In particular Cases, it makes sense only between two Punching partners to join.

With the solution according to the invention is a considerable Shortening the process chain possible and it can Joining partners connected from different materials become what was previously not possible in this form. Farther is in the arrangement of components an increase in functionality and an extension of the application areas, eg. B. of mechanically guided Metal / plastic, metal / fiber reinforced plastic, Plastic / plastic etc. in a variety of combinations possible.

1

first joining partner

2

second joining partner

3

third joining partner

4

backstop

4a

anvil

4a1

contact surface of the anvil

4b

Backstop Temple

4b1

print area of the counter stamp

5

stamp

5.1

print area

5.2

radial spreadable area

5.3

forming element

6

Stripper plate

6.1

Support surface of the hold-down 6

7

gap

8th

survey bulge

9

stamp impression

10

Kalibrierstempel

11

bearing surface

12

breakthrough

A

punch axis

D5

Outer diameter of the punch 5

d6

Inner diameter of the hold-down 6

H

undercut

R5

Radius on the stamp 5

R6

Radius on the hold-down 6

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 3710929 C2 [0002]
• - DE 10245604 A1 [0002]
• - DE 10143155 A1 [0002]

Claims (12)

Hybrid composite material consisting of several joining partners, whereby - the joining partners lie flat on one another in the connection area - at least one un-punched first joint partner ( 1 ) consists of a deformable non-metallic material, - at least one un-punched second joint partner ( 2 ) consists of a deformable metallic or non-metallic material and - that the material of the first and the second joining partner ( 1 . 2 ) in the connection area by the impression of a stamp ( 5 ) are formed into one another such that their materials are at least partially displaced radially outwards and a mechanical clamping between the first and the second joint partner ( 1 . 2 ). Hybrid composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the stamp impression ( 9 ) from the direction of the first or the second joining partner ( 1 . 2 ) is introduced. Hybrid composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the first or the second joining partner in which the stamp impression ( 9 ), has a lower, the same or a greater forming capacity than the material of the other joining partner. Hybrid material composite according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second joining partner ( 2 ) is a metal sheet or a plate made of plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic or fiber composite material and that the first joining partner ( 1 ) consists of plastic, fiber reinforced plastic, fiber composite material, wood, paper composite, cardboard, cardboard, rubber, glass, ceramic, textile material or a combination of the aforementioned materials with or without inclusion of metallic foil and / or plastic film. Hybrid composite material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a stamp impression ( 9 ) from the direction of the first or second joining partner ( 1 . 2 ) and in that the respective joining partner has adapted to the stamp impression ( 9 ) circumferentially subsequent curvature ( 8th ) having. Hybrid composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stamp impression ( 9 ) facing joint partners on his the stamp impression ( 9 ) opposite side has no or only a small elevation or depression or only a small otherwise deviating from the plane surface structure. Hybrid composite material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the first and the second joint partner ( 1 . 2 ) at least one third joining partner ( 3 ) is arranged, which together with the first and the second joint partner ( 1 . 2 ) by the stamp impression ( 9 ) is transformed. Hybrid composite material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the first and the second joint partner ( 1 . 2 ) at least one third joining partner ( 3 ), which has a breakthrough ( 12 ), through which the material of the first or second joining partner is formed. Hybrid material composite according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the third joining partner ( 3 ) is formed in the form of a thin plate or foil. Hybrid material composite according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the third joining partner ( 3 ) consists of sheet metal, metal or plastic film, plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, fiber composite material, wood, paper composite, cardboard, cardboard, rubber, glass, ceramic, textile material or a combination of the aforementioned products and materials. Hybrid composite material according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the connection between the Joining partners in the manner of a push button solvable and is recoverable. Hybrid material composite according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the stamp impression ( 9 ) is not rotationally symmetrical and the connection is thus secured against rotation.