DE202008002781U1 - PCM automotive exhaust heat storage for connection to domestic hot water and heating systems - Google Patents
PCM automotive exhaust heat storage for connection to domestic hot water and heating systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE202008002781U1 DE202008002781U1 DE202008002781U DE202008002781U DE202008002781U1 DE 202008002781 U1 DE202008002781 U1 DE 202008002781U1 DE 202008002781 U DE202008002781 U DE 202008002781U DE 202008002781 U DE202008002781 U DE 202008002781U DE 202008002781 U1 DE202008002781 U1 DE 202008002781U1
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- pcm
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- shell
- heat exchanger
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/005—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with recuperation of waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
- F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/025—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using fluid fuel
- F24H7/0266—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using fluid fuel the transfer fluid being water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
- F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
- F28D21/0007—Water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/26—Internal combustion engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
- F28D2020/0026—Particular heat storage apparatus the heat storage material being enclosed in mobile containers for transporting thermal energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Gerät
zur Nutzung der Abgaswärme von Verbrennungsmotoren als
Heizwärme für Brauchwasser und/oder Wohnungen,
eingebaut in eine PKW-Karosserie (F + M + N), bestehend aus folgenden
Einzelkomponenten:
a) Wärmegedämmte Abgasleitung
zwischen Katalysator und dem noch zu beschreibendem Nutzsystem
b)
Wärmetauscher und Wärmespeicher bestehend aus konzentrischen
Schalen wie folgt:
aa) Die innerste Schale stellt der Abgasschacht
(O) dar, in den die Abgase vom Motor eingespeist werden. In diesem Schacht,
der durch eine gut wärmeleitende Metallwandung (L) begrenzt
wird, befindet sich ein wabenförmiger z. B. metallischer
Wärmeleiter (E + K), der durch die Wandung hindurchfährt
und somit die Wärmetauschung und -abführung positiv
fördert. Dieser Wabenschacht wird gleichzeitig als Resonanzschalldämpfer
ausgebildet.
bb) Die mittlere Schale wird beidseitig von metallenen
Wandungen (C + L) begrenzt, wobei die äußere Wandung
(C) möglichst einen schlechten Wärmeleiter, z.
B. Edelstahl, darstellt. Die Schale ist gefüllt mit einem
PCM-Medium (D) und durchzogen von dem unter...Apparatus for using the exhaust heat of internal combustion engines as heating heat for service water and / or apartments, installed in a car body (F + M + N), consisting of the following individual components:
a) Thermally insulated exhaust pipe between the catalyst and the Nutzsystem to be described later
b) heat exchanger and heat storage consisting of concentric shells as follows:
aa) The innermost shell represents the exhaust duct (O) into which the exhaust gases are fed by the engine. In this shaft, which is bounded by a good heat-conducting metal wall (L), there is a honeycomb z. B. metallic heat conductor (E + K), which passes through the wall and thus promotes the heat exchange and removal positively. This honeycomb shaft is simultaneously designed as a resonance muffler.
bb) The middle shell is bounded on both sides by metal walls (C + L), wherein the outer wall (C) as possible a poor heat conductor, eg. B. stainless steel represents. The shell is filled with a PCM medium (D) and traversed by the ...
Description
In Zeiten des Klimawandels und geringer werdender Öl- und Gasreserven müssen Kraftstoffe besser ausgenutzt werden als bisher. Insbesondere bei der Verbrennung von Ottokraftstoffen in Motoren werden lediglich Wirkungsgrade von maximal 30% bis 35% erreicht, wobei als tatsächliche kinetische Wirkung häufig nur 20% oder noch weniger erzielt wird (1). Mit den verbleibenden rund 80% erzeugen diese Motoren nur Abwärme, die es zu minimieren gilt. Die Grundlage der vorgestellten Apparatur ist es, die bei der Verbrennung der Kraftstoffe entstehende Abwärme im Sinne einer Steigerung der Energieeffizienz zu nutzen. Die KFZ-Industrie begegnet diesem Problem mit ihrer Forschung, indem sie Hybrid- oder Elektroautos favorisiert (2). Es ist jedoch zu erwarten, dass noch viele Jahre Fahrzeuge mit Verbrennungsmotoren unser Straßenbild beherrschen werden.In Times of climate change and decreasing oil and oil Gas reserves require better use of fuels as before. Especially in the combustion of gasoline in engines only efficiencies of maximum 30% to 35% achieved, being as actual kinetic effect frequently only 20% or less is achieved (1). With the remaining around 80%, these engines only generate waste heat, which minimize it applies. The basis of the presented apparatus is that at the combustion of fuels resulting waste heat in the Sense of increasing energy efficiency. The automotive industry addresses this problem with their research by using hybrid or Electric cars favors (2). However, it is to be expected that still many years vehicles with internal combustion engines our street scene to master.
Entsprechend der Fachliteratur entfallen bei einem Ottomotor ca. 50% der Abwärme auf die Kühlung und ebenso ca. 50% auf die Auspuffwärme (3). Basis der zu schützenden Apparatur ist es, die Auspuffwärme, die z. B. während typischer Pendlerfahrten entsteht, zu speichern und später in das Heizungs- und Warmwassersystem eines Hauses einzuspeisen. Wärmespeichersysteme werden von der KFZ-Industrie bereits angewandt, jedoch nur in der Motoren- und Klimatechnik als Restwärmespeicher (4). Hierbei findet die Wärmetauschung grundsätzlich im Wasserkühlkreislauf, nicht aber im erheblich heißeren Auspuffsystem statt.Corresponding The specialist literature accounts for about 50% of the waste heat in a gasoline engine on the cooling and also about 50% on the exhaust heat (3). The basis of the equipment to be protected is the exhaust heat, the z. B. during typical commuter trips, store and later in the heating and hot water system of a Feed the house. Heat storage systems are used by the Automotive industry already applied, but only in the engine and Air conditioning as residual heat storage (4). Hereby finds the heat exchange basically in the water cooling circuit, but not in the significantly hotter exhaust system instead.
In der Anlage befinden sich vier Bilder, die ersten zwei zeigen Längs- und Querschnitt, die Bilder 3 und 4 Anmutungen über Form und Einbauort. Die Buchstaben im Text beziehen sich auf die Bilder 1 und 2.In There are four pictures of the system, the first two show longitudinal and cross section, the pictures 3 and 4 impressions about shape and installation location. The letters in the text refer to the pictures 1 and 2.
Bei dem vorgestellten System ist es vorgesehen, während der Fahrt die Auspuffgase nach dem Katalysator und dem Vorschalldämpfer in einen speziellen Wärmetauscher zu leiten, der ein PCM-Medium (D) enthält. Beim Haus angekommen wird die so gespeicherte Wärmeenergie durch ein anzuschließendes Schlauchsystem mittels eines zweiten Wärmetauschers mit einem Tauschermedium dem häuslichen Warmwasser- und/oder Heizsystem zugeführt.at the presented system is provided during the Drive the exhaust gases after the catalytic converter and the front silencer into a special heat exchanger, which is a PCM medium (D) contains. Arrived at the house is stored so Heat energy through a connected hose system by means of a second heat exchanger with a exchange medium supplied to the domestic hot water and / or heating system.
Bezüglich der Abgastemperaturen entstehen bei einem typischen Mittelklasse – PKW maximale Temperaturen von ca. 230°C am Auspuff. Daraus folgert, dass alle anzuschließenden Bauteile zur Sicherheit eine Temperatur von mindestens 250°C aushalten müssen. Nachdem zu erwarten ist, dass in einem solchen zunächst kalten System Kondensate entstehen, müssen alle hier mit den Auspuffgasen in Berührung kommenden Teile einen entsprechenden Korrosionsschutz aufweisen. Das Kondensat ist hierbei typisch leicht sauer (pH = 4) und weist im wesentlichen Chloridionen und Nitrationen auf (5). Das Kondensat stellt somit nur ein geringes Korrosionspotential dar.In terms of The exhaust gas temperatures occur in a typical mid - range car maximum temperatures of approx. 230 ° C at the exhaust. from that concludes that all components to be connected for safety must withstand a temperature of at least 250 ° C. After it is expected that in such a first cold system condensates emerge, everyone must be here with the exhaust gases coming into contact parts a corresponding Have corrosion protection. The condensate is typically light acidic (pH = 4) and has essentially chloride ions and nitrate ions on (5). The condensate thus provides only a low corrosion potential represents.
Als
Latentspeichermaterial (PCM) ist ein Stoff erforderlich, der die
obigen Temperaturen gefahrlos aushalten kann, der einen Phasenübergang
fest-flüssig in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen ca. 50°C
und 90°C wegen der häuslichen Nutzbarkeit besitzt
sowie ökologisch unbedenklich und ungiftig ist wegen der
möglichen Unfallgefahren. Ein typischer Vertreter hierfür
ist z. B. die Stearinsäure. Hierbei handelt es sich im
Prinzip um ein einphasiges Wachs, welches auch bei hohen Temperaturen
kaum oxidiert. Die physikalischen Daten der hier als Beispiel aufgeführten
Stearinsäure lauten wie folgt:
Bezüglich
der Größe eines Latentspeichers für typische
Pendlerstrecken liegt folgender Zusammenhang vor:
Ein Liter
Benzin besitzt einen Heizwert von etwa 9 KWh. Geht man von einem
Verbrauch des PKWs von etwa 8 Liter pro 100 Km sowie einer Fahrstrecke
von etwa 30 Km aus, so ergibt sich eine Energiemenge von ca. 21,6
KWh, die vom Motor umgesetzt wird. Hiervon entfallen grob abgerundet
7 KWh als Auspuffabwärme, von denen in etwa 5 KWh als speicherbar
abgeschätzt werden. Für die Energiespeicherung
gilt grundsätzlich folgende Gleichung:
One liter of gas has a calorific value of about 9 KWh. If one assumes a consumption of the car of about 8 liters per 100 km and a driving distance of about 30 km, the result is an amount of energy of about 21.6 kWh, which is converted by the engine. This accounts for roughly 7 KWh as exhaust waste heat, of which approximately 5 KWh are estimated to be storable. For energy storage, fol the following equation:
Hierbei bedeuten tAnfang die Anfangstemperatur des PCM und tEnde die Schlusstemperatur des PCM. Gibt man in diese Gleichung z. B. die oben abgeschätzten Daten ein, eine Anfangstemperatur von 0°C und begrenzt die Schlusstemperatur zur Sicherheit auf 150°C, so errechnet sich eine notwendige Stearinmasse m von ca. 34 Kg. Dies wiederum bedeutet, dass ein entsprechender PCM-Behälter ein Volumen von ca. 40 bis 50 Liter besitzen muss.In this case t means the beginning temperature of the PCM and t the end temperature of the PCM. If one enters this equation z. B. the above estimated data, an initial temperature of 0 ° C and limits the final temperature for safety to 150 ° C, so calculated a necessary Stearinmasse m of about 34 kg. This in turn means that a corresponding PCM container a volume from 40 to 50 liters.
Ferner ist es notwendig, die Auspuffanlage vor dem Wärmetauscher komplett zu dämmen. Hinter dem Wärmetauscher, der gleichzeitig als Endschalldämpfer (H) konstruiert ist, kann dann die Endrohr-Anlage des Auspuffs folgen. Die gesamte Apparatur des Wärmetauschers sowie des PCM-Tanks muss hoch wirksam wärmegedämmt werden. Hier ist der Einsatz von Vakuum – Isolations – Paneelen (sogenannte VIPs) (B) vorgesehen. Sie besitzen eine Wärmeleitzahl von ca. λ = 0,008 W/mK und sind somit fünfmal besser als die heute verwendeten Standarddämmungen. Hierdurch benötigt der Dammkörper lediglich noch eine Dicke von ca. 20 mm bis 25 mm. Ferner muss im PCM-Tank ein filigraner Wasserwärmetauscher als Gegenstromkühler aus dünnen Kupferrohren (P) und sehr großer Oberfläche konstruiert werden, um die im PCM enthaltene Wärme möglichst verlustfrei und vollständig entnehmen zu können. Weiter sind als Wärmetauschmedium zwischen Abgasstrom und PCM gitter- oder wabenförmige Bleche hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit (z. B. Kupfer oder Aluminium) (E + K) vorgesehen, die unterbrechungsfrei von der Abgasleitung (O) in den PCM-Tank (D) führen. Um das Kupfer- oder Aluminiumblech dann vor Korrosion durch die Auspuffgase zu schützen, müssen diese mit einer dünnschichtigen temperaturbeständigen Kunstharzbeschichtung versehen werden. Die Wärmeentnahme wird über einen in der KFZ-Karosserie versenkten Anschlussstutzen vergleichbar zum Benzineinfülldeckel möglich. Hier kann von einem Schlauchwagen aus eine gedämmte Zweirohrleitung mit einem frostsicheren Wärmetauschermedium (z. B. Wasser mit Frostschutzmittel) an den Entnahmewärmetauscher angeschlossen werden, welches dann geregelt die Wärme je nach Temperaturniveau z. B. in einen Warmwasser-Schichtenspeicher im Haus überträgt.Further it is necessary to have the exhaust system in front of the heat exchanger to completely insulate. Behind the heat exchanger, which is also designed as a rear silencer (H), can then follow the tailpipe system of the exhaust. The entire apparatus the heat exchanger and the PCM tank must be highly effective be thermally insulated. Here is the use of Vacuum insulation panels (so-called VIPs) (B) provided. They have a thermal conductivity of about λ = 0.008 W / mK and are thus five times better than today used standard insulation. This requires the dam body only a thickness of about 20 mm until 25 mm. Furthermore, a filigree water heat exchanger must be installed in the PCM tank as a countercurrent cooler made of thin copper tubes (P) and very large surface to be constructed as lossless as possible to the heat contained in the PCM and be able to remove completely. Next are as a heat exchange medium between exhaust gas flow and PCM lattice or honeycomb sheets of high thermal conductivity (eg, copper or aluminum) (E + K) provided, the uninterruptible from the exhaust pipe (O) into the PCM tank (D). Around the copper or aluminum sheet then from corrosion by the exhaust gases To protect, these must be thin-layered temperature-resistant synthetic resin coating are provided. The heat is extracted via a in the body of the car countersunk connection similar to the gasoline filler cap possible. Here can be insulated from a hose cart Two-pipe with a frost-proof heat exchanger medium (eg water with antifreeze) to the sampling heat exchanger be connected, which then regulates the heat ever according to temperature level z. B. in a hot water stratified storage in the house transfers.
In einer günstigen Ausführung können mit einem solchen System je nach Benzinverbrauch, Fahrstrecken und Wirkungsgrad Energieäquivalente von einigen hundert Litern Öl jährlich eingespart werden.In a cheap version can with Such a system depending on gas mileage, routes and efficiency Energy equivalents of a few hundred liters of oil saved annually.
Zitate:Quotes:
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(1)
(1)energieinfo.de energieinfo.de -
(2)
hk-auto.de autosued.de/themen/news toyota-prius.de hybridsynergiedrive.com bosch.de/k oeko-energie.de alternativ-fahren.de (2)kfztech.de hk-auto.de autosued.de/themen/news toyota-prius.de hybridsynergiedrive.com bosch.de/k oeko-energie.de alternativ-fahren.de kfztech.de -
(3)
(3)kfztech.de kfztech.de -
(4)
wipo.int/pcdb/en/woisp?WO=1994%2F20808&IA=WO1 994%2F20808&DISPLAY=DESC wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999%2F06233&IA=WO1 999%2F06233&DISPLAY=DESC wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999006781 (4)freepatentsonline.com/EP0999944.html wipo.int/pcdb/en/woisp?WO=1994%2F20808&IA=WO1 994% 2F20808 & DISPLAY = DESC wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999%2F06233&IA=WO1 999% 2F06233 & DISPLAY = DESC wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999006781 freepatentsonline.com/EP0999944.html - (5) Private Information von Frau Schuster, Clavius Gymnasium(5) Private information by Ms Schuster, Clavius Gymnasium
- AA
- Außenhülleouter shell
- BB
- Vakuum-Isolations-Paneel (VIP)Vacuum insulation panel (VIP)
- CC
- Metallwandung (schlechter Wärmeleiter)metal wall (poor heat conductor)
- DD
- Latentwärmematerial (PCM), z. B. StearinsäureLatent heat material (PCM), e.g. B. stearic acid
- Ee
- Wabenförmiger WärmeleiterThe honeycomb heat conductor
- FF
- Karosseriebody
- GG
- Anschlussflanschflange
- HH
- Endschalldämpfermuffler
- JJ
- Bypass-KlappeBypass damper
- KK
- Abgasleitschaufel (Interferenzschalldämpfer)Abgasleitschaufel (Interference silencer)
- LL
- Wandung Abgasschacht (gut wärmeleitend)wall Exhaust shaft (good thermal conductivity)
- MM
- Innere KarosserieverkleidungInner body cover
- NN
- PKW-FensterCar window
- OO
- Abgasführungexhaust system
- PP
- Entladewärmetauscher im PCMdischarge heat in the PCM
Ausgehend vom in der Beschreibung dargelegten Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Apparatur die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gerätschaft zur Nutzung von KFZ-Abgasabwärmen aufzuzeigen, welches effektiv arbeitet und u. a. auch für den Privatnutzer tauglich ist.outgoing from the state of the art described in the description is the present apparatus the task, a device to show the use of automotive exhaust heat, which works effectively and u. a. also suitable for the private user is.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch den beschriebenen Apparat mit den Merkmalen des Gebrauchsmusteranspruchs gelöst. Das vorliegende Gerät stellt in der vorgestellten Kombination bekannter Systeme ein völlig neues Konzept dar, welches dem Nutzer ermöglicht, hoch effizient die in KFZ eingesetzten Treibstoffe zur Wärmeerzeugung zu nutzen.These Task is described by the apparatus described with the characteristics of Utility model claim solved. The present device introduces a completely new combination of known systems Concept that allows the user to be highly efficient the fuels used in motor vehicles for heat generation to use.
Eine denkbare Ausführungsvariante ist in den beiliegenden Bildern 1 bis 4 dargestellt. Die Buchstaben in den Bildern beziehen sich auf die entsprechenden Textmarkierungen in der Beschreibung und der Anspruchsformulierung.A conceivable embodiment variant is in the accompanying pictures 1 to 4 shown. The letters in the pictures refer to each other on the corresponding text markings in the description and the claim formulation.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- - energieinfo.de [0010] - energyinfo.de [0010]
- - hk-auto.de [0010] - hk-auto.de [0010]
- - autosued.de/themen/news [0010] - autosued.de/themen/news [0010]
- - toyota-prius.de [0010] - toyota-prius.de [0010]
- - hybridsynergiedrive.com [0010] - hybridsynergiedrive.com [0010]
- - bosch.de/k [0010] - bosch.de/k [0010]
- - oeko-energie.de [0010] - oeko-energie.de [0010]
- - alternativ-fahren.de [0010] - alternativ-fahren.de [0010]
- - kfztech.de [0010] - kfztech.de [0010]
- - kfztech.de [0010] - kfztech.de [0010]
- - wipo.int/pcdb/en/woisp?WO=1994%2F20808&IA=WO1 [0010] - wipo.int/pcdb/en/woisp?WO=1994%2F20808&IA=WO1 [0010]
- - 994%2F20808&DISPLAY=DESC [0010] - 994% 2F20808 & DISPLAY = DESC [0010]
- - wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999%2F06233&IA=WO1 [0010] - wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999%2F06233&IA=WO1 [0010]
- - 999%2F06233&DISPLAY=DESC [0010] - 999% 2F06233 & DISPLAY = DESC [0010]
- - wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999006781 [0010] - wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999006781 [0010]
- - freepatentsonline.com/EP0999944.html [0010] - freepatentsonline.com/EP0999944.html [0010]
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202008002781U DE202008002781U1 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2008-02-27 | PCM automotive exhaust heat storage for connection to domestic hot water and heating systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202008002781U DE202008002781U1 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2008-02-27 | PCM automotive exhaust heat storage for connection to domestic hot water and heating systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE202008002781U1 true DE202008002781U1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
Family
ID=39646441
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202008002781U Expired - Lifetime DE202008002781U1 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2008-02-27 | PCM automotive exhaust heat storage for connection to domestic hot water and heating systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE202008002781U1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008064013A1 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Daimler Ag | Method for transferring heat between combustion engine of motor vehicle and heating system of house, involves coupling exchanger with heating cycle of heating system, and coupling exchanger with cooling system in warm-transferring manner |
| DE102011076054A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-22 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Waste heat recovery device |
| DE102018202257A1 (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-08-14 | Hanon Systems | Heat storage for a car |
-
2008
- 2008-02-27 DE DE202008002781U patent/DE202008002781U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (15)
| Title |
|---|
| 994%2F20808&DISPLAY=DESC |
| 999%2F06233&DISPLAY=DESC |
| alternativ-fahren.de |
| autosued.de/themen/news |
| bosch.de/k |
| energieinfo.de |
| freepatentsonline.com/EP0999944.html |
| hk-auto.de |
| hybridsynergiedrive.com |
| kfztech.de |
| oeko-energie.de |
| toyota-prius.de |
| wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999%2F06233&IA=WO1 |
| wipo.int/pcdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999006781 |
| wipo.int/pcdb/en/woisp?WO=1994%2F20808&IA=WO1 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008064013A1 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Daimler Ag | Method for transferring heat between combustion engine of motor vehicle and heating system of house, involves coupling exchanger with heating cycle of heating system, and coupling exchanger with cooling system in warm-transferring manner |
| DE102011076054A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-22 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Waste heat recovery device |
| DE102011076054B4 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2013-12-05 | Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Waste heat recovery device |
| US9494055B2 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2016-11-15 | Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Exhaust heat utilisation device |
| DE102018202257A1 (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-08-14 | Hanon Systems | Heat storage for a car |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
| R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 20080828 |
|
| R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years | ||
| R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 20110816 |
|
| R157 | Lapse of ip right after 6 years | ||
| R157 | Lapse of ip right after 6 years |
Effective date: 20140902 |