DE202008002302U1 - Transport carts for aircraft loading with standard containers - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for transporting stackable transport containers for the loading and unloading of an aircraft using an aircraft-owned lift system, wherein the transport containers are stacked on a rollable base, characterized in that the rollable base is designed as a transport cart (1) with:
A rectangular base plate (11) provided with at least four paired but individually movable casters (15),
- Two side walls (12) which are rigidly fixed to opposite longitudinal sides of the rectangular bottom plate (11), wherein the side walls (12) above the bottom plate (11) have a rounded outer contour,
- A center wall (13) which is arranged in the transverse direction of the transporting trolley (1) between the side walls (12) centered on the bottom plate (11) to rigidly connect the bottom plate (11) and side walls (12), and
- Two bumpers (16), which are each preceded by the short sides of the rectangular bottom plate (11) and in addition to an elastic shock absorption against interference contours of transport systems a threading contour (161) ...

Description

The The invention relates to a device for transporting stackable standardized transport containers for the Loading and unloading of aircraft on the ground.

In it is for aviation the catering of the passengers for a long time, sterile packed food portions within the aircraft with to transport a so-called trolley (cart for on-board catering), to the food to the passengers hand out.

recently are increasing in aircraft (e.g., Airbus A380 and A340 / 500/600) Installed lift systems, whose tasks in addition to the transport of Trolleys for the passenger catering between different aircraft decks too Cargo transport between ground and aircraft in the form of standard containers (so-called. Standard units) and other containers, Boxes, containers o. Ä. belong, the e.g. in the galley (Galley) of the aircraft. To load the aircraft with or unloading of such cargo containers are under use the lift system transport means are used, with which in particular the standard units were taken to and from a catering van become.

• – einfaches und zerstörungsfreies Einschieben des Transportkarrens in eine enge Liftkabine, die an einen sog. Full-Size-Trolley (großer Wagen für On-Board-Catering) angepasst ist,
• – nahezu aperiodisches (rückstoßfreies) Abbremsen des Transportkarrens beim Auftreffen auf eine „Störkontur" (Liftkabine, Transporter, Galley-Interieur o. Ä.),
• – Vermeidung einer plastischen Verformung oder Zerstörung von berührten bzw. getroffenen „Störkonturen",
• – einfaches Be- und Entladen des Transportkarrens und einfache Transportsicherung von gewichts- und größenmäßig zulässigen Behältern, mindestens aber von Standardbehältern (Standard-Units), die im Passagierflugbetrieb üblich sind.

The means of transport must therefore only be designed for use on the ground so that it is not subject to special safety regulations as a flying device. It does not have to be self-propelled, but only designed as a transport cart, but nevertheless fulfill certain requirements, such as:

• - Simple and non-destructive insertion of the transport cart in a narrow elevator cabin, which is adapted to a so-called. Full-size trolley (large car for on-board catering),
• - almost aperiodic (recoilless) braking of the transport car when hitting a "Störkontur" (elevator car, van, Galley interior o. Ä.),
• Avoidance of plastic deformation or destruction of touched or struck "interference contours",
• - Easy loading and unloading of the transport cart and easy transport security of weight and size permissible containers, but at least standard containers (standard units), which are common in passenger flight operations.

At the Retraction of the transport cart in the elevator car is due to the relatively narrow tolerances between the light dimensions of Lift cabin, which are based on the so-called full-size trolley, and the required dimensions of the transport cart, which are based on the standard containers to be transported, a manually difficult to handle Situation for the period of retraction of the transport cart in the elevator car.

There between lift cabin and floor area before the lift (Vorzonenboden) a small level difference exist can and besides another gap overcome between the elevator car and Vorzonenboden of the rollers of the transport cart must be, are conventional Trolleys even then not suitable if - for the space for the standard units to create - easy disarmed would because the standard units have similar width dimensions as a Have trolley and not or only on trolleys without side boundary could be stacked.

Would such a Trolley when pushed into the elevator car on the ground or when charging on a transport vehicle accidentally (for example, by tilting due Unevenness or gap on an object in the way (Störkontur), so would between at the touch involved and the trolley frame exchanged considerable energy. The introduced kinetic energy may under no circumstances become one plastic deformation or destruction of the objects involved (Lift cabin, interior of the galley or ground vehicle) lead, the all designed in lightweight construction are.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a new way for transporting stackable transport containers, in particular so-called standard units, for aircraft and Discharge using an existing aircraft lift system to find it despite cramped space in the elevator cabin and unavoidable unevenness when loading the lift, the loading and unloading of the aircraft with transport containers without damage of the lift system.

According to the invention in an apparatus for transporting stackable transport containers for the loading and unloading of an aircraft using an aircraft's own lift system, in which the transport containers are stacked on a rollable base, the object is achieved in that the rollable base is designed as a transport cart with a rectangular floor slab containing at least four pairs arranged, but individually movable casters is provided with two side walls which are rigidly fixed to opposite longitudinal sides of the rectangular bottom plate, wherein the side walls of the bottom plate have a rounded outer contour, with a center wall, in the transverse direction of the transport car between the side walls centered on the bottom plate is arranged upright to rigidly connect the bottom plate and side walls, and with two bumpers, which are each preceded by the short sides of the rectangular bottom plate and next to an elastic shock absorption against interference contours of transport systems have a Einfädelkontur for entering a lift cabin of the lift system.

Advantageous have the side walls at least in a central region of the transport cart a the height of two stackable transport containers Height on. there have the side walls preferably in the upper part a semicircular rounded outer contour or circular arc rounded outer contour areas and an upper edge region parallel to the bottom plate. The Middle wall expediently at least one and a half times the height of the commercial Standard shipping container and at most their double height on.

It proves to be advantageous that at least the side walls and the middle wall, but also the bottom plate, made of lightweight panels are made. The lightweight panels may consist of composite materials, into the high-strength fibers in a matrix of plastics of the group Thermoplastics, thermosets and polymers are used or in which carbon fiber reinforced Plastics (CFK) or glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) for Use come. Furthermore, can the lightweight panels at least one synthetic fiber reinforced plastic (SFK) of the group of aramid fiber reinforced plastics (AFK) or fiber reinforced plastics on epoxy, polyester or phenolic resin bases.

When have appropriate continue to prove the plastic honeycomb panels and and plastic honeycomb panels, which are reinforced with any high-strength fibers.

at all aforementioned Leichbauplatten floor plate, side walls and Center wall advantageous either as a hybrid or monolithic structure Training construction of the transport cart.

Another possibility is to use as metal panels metal honeycomb panels, Metawell ^® plates or light metal sheets. Appropriately, at least the side walls are made of light metal. The side walls can also be made of steel or stainless steel.

Advantageous are the side walls additionally to the middle wall at least in its edge region by means of at least two transverse struts to stabilize the side walls rigid connected. Preferably, at least two are at the ends of the transport cart located outer cross struts and / or at least one above the middle wall arranged upper Cross strut between the side walls attached.

For certain versions transport cart, in particular for loading with six standard units, it is appropriate, the side walls at least in its edge area in addition to the middle wall means to stabilize at least two horizontal transverse plates.

The Cross struts or transverse plates can also useful for Load securing be used by means of straps.

The Bumper for Generation of the threading contour advantageously have a base body on, whose front edge in front of the Rollenfußpunkten the frontmost castors so far in the longitudinal direction survives the transport cart, that the leading edge of the base body at least 50-100 mm into the elevator cab before the roller base points the foremost castors one between the elevator cabin and the pre-zone floor reach existing level difference or gap.

Suitably, the bumpers for generating the Einfädelkontur of a base body and at least one guide body are assembled, wherein the base body is mounted below the bottom plate and a supernatant in the longitudinal direction of the trolley and the at least one guide body generates a lateral projection before and laterally of the short side of the bottom plate. To produce the Einfädelkontur the bumper are preferably composed of a base body and two guide bodies, wherein the two guide bodies are formed in front of the corners of the bottom plate to the base body. In this case, the guide body may have the shape of a straight n-sided prism with rounded side edges or the shape of a straight cylinder with any base, but preferably an elliptical or circular cylinder. The guide body can be particularly advantageous as a hybrid of rounded Be formed prism and cylinder.

For a special tough Design of the entire bumper is the guide body preferably on the base body monolithic molded.

The bumpers are suitably shaped from a highly elastic material with sufficiently high wear resistance. Particularly advantageously, the bumpers are made of a polyurethane elastomer, preferably Vulkollan ^® can be used. But the bumpers can also consist of a highly elastic rubber.

With the solution according to the invention it is possible a transport device for stackable transport containers, In particular, so-called standard units, for aircraft assembly under Use of an existing aircraft lift system to realize the despite the cramped space in the elevator cabin and unavoidable unevenness in the manual Charging the lift allows for quick loading of the Airplane with the transport containers safe transport on the ground and safe loading the aircraft lift without damage of the lift system.

The Invention will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments. The drawings show:

1 : A perspective view of the transport cart according to the invention within a lift cabin, in which a side panel is removed.

2 : an embodiment of the transport cart as a projection view in front view, side view and plan view,

3 different designs of a bumper with adjustments to create a threading contour, which provide sufficient protection for protruding edges of the trolley and the elevator car in the space restrictions of a lift cabin,

4 : Representations of different contact situations in improper oblique insertion position of the transport cart in the elevator car, the bumper fulfills the Einfädelfunktion,

5 FIG. 3: a perspective view of an embodiment of the transport cart for five standard units, FIG.

6 : an execution of the transport cart according to 5 in the loading condition with five transport containers,

7 a modified version of the transport cart according to 5 for loading with six standard units with horizontal cross plates,

7a : a modified version of the transport cart of 7 for six standard units with continuous middle wall and shortened cross plates,

8th : A perspective view of another variant of the transport trolley in height-reduced design for five standard units.

The transport cart 1 exists - as in 1 apparent - in its basic structure of a base plate 11 with a chassis of four individual castors 15 , two side walls 12 , a middle wall 13 as well as cross struts 14 that stabilize the sidewalls 12 serve in the upper edge area. To clarify the constructive limitations of the trolley 1 in a lift cabin 2 of an aircraft in which the right side panel has been removed for inspection.

The transport cart 1 can be manufactured both as a hybrid construction and as an integral part (monolithic structure). That is, the bottom plate 11 , the side walls 12 and the middle wall 13 can be manufactured as individual parts and then screwed, riveted and / or glued or molded in one piece.

The cross struts 14 are realizable in round (diameter up to 40 mm), elliptical (cross-sectional dimensions up to 40 mm × 30 mm) or square (cross-section up to 40 × 40 mm ² ) design. In every design can at the ends a thread for screwing with the side walls 12 be admitted. The cross struts 14 but can also be glued or installed by means of a riveted joint.

As the elevator cabin 2 of an aircraft has a bright width dimension, which is derived from the maximum width of a catering trolley used for aircraft (not shown), and the clear width dimension (inside dimension) of the transport cart 1 from the maximum width of a standard unit 3 (only in 4 and 5 shown), the side walls 12 of the transport cart 1 only have a wall thickness of 5-7 mm.

The maximum height of the side walls 12 results from the clear height of the elevator car 2 minus the height of the chassis from the base plate 11 and castors 15 plus bottom plate thickness. This results in restrictions on the choice of sidewalls 12 suitable materials, which are discussed in more detail below.

The situation is similar with the middle wall 13 , Their component strength results from the clear depth of the elevator car 2 and the maximum length of two standardized transport containers (standard units 3 whose dimensions are given in Table 2).

As materials for the load-bearing components of the transport cart 1 In general, fiber composite materials (FVW), such as CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics), GRP (glass fiber reinforced plastics), SFK (synthetic fiber reinforced plastics, eg AFK (aramid fiber reinforced plastic), as well as epoxy, polyester and phenolic resin based plastic sheets are suitable.

Especially suitable are metal or plastic honeycomb panels or plastic composite materials, where as reinforcement high strength fibers, e.g. Carbon fibers, glass fibers or synthetic fibers, usually multilayered in a matrix of thermoplastics, thermosets or Polymers, e.g. Epoxy resins (EP), unsaturated polyester resins (UP) or phenolic resins are embedded. Multilayered wood, aluminum sheets and steel sheets (also stainless steel) can also be used.

An overview of usable lightweight panels for the side walls 12 and / or for floor slab 11 and middle wall 13 is given in Table 1.

Multi-ply glulam (multiplex panels) is a veneer plywood panel consisting of at least 5 veneer plies (middle plies), mostly beech, birch, spruce or maple with thicknesses of 0.8-2.5 mm. Depending on the total thickness and the desired appearance, the number of middle layers can vary between 5 and 35. The veneer sheets pressed with adhesive or water-resistant glue (phenolic resin) are thus blocked against each other (ie cross-glued) so that the grains of adjacent layers intersect. The dimensional stability of the panels is ensured by the fact that - although wood as a "living material" by moisture absorption or release its extent across the grain changes significantly - change in size of a layer by cross-bonding with the neighboring layer (s) are largely prevented. Embodiment variants of the side walls 12 as a stable lightweight construction parts materials wall thickness design Steel sheets Stainless steel sheets 2 mm hybrid, but also partially monolithic (eg base plate with side walls) aluminum sheets 3-5 mm hybrid, but also partially monolithic Metawell ^® 4-7 mm hybrid, but also partially monolithic Multilayer wood (multiplex panels) 3-7 mm hybrid, but also partially monolithic CFK 2-7 mm hybrid or monolithic GFK 4-7 mm hybrid or monolithic SFK / AFK 4-7 mm hybrid or monolithic Metal or plastic honeycomb panels 5-7 mm hybrid, but also partially monolithic

Metawell ^® is a patented lightweight board in which two cover sheets are joined together with a hot melt adhesive with a sinusoidal sheet metal. This construction results in a very lightweight and extremely rigid sandwich, which allows high weight savings, especially in large-scale use light. By varying the cover plates, wave height and surface coating, as well as the bond to double or multiple plates resulting optimization variants in terms of weight and stability in the dimensioning of the side walls 12 , the middle wall 13 and the bottom plate 11 ,

Metal- or plastic honeycomb panels are made of a pressure-resistant honeycomb core made of aluminum or plastic (usually based on phenolic resin) and cover layers made of plastic (usually CFK, GFK), aluminum or steel.

In particular, with metal or plastic honeycomb panels, you can see the weight of the transport cart 1 significantly reduce. Due to the excellent bending and torsional rigidity complex substructures can be omitted.

• (*) – kann unter bestimmten Bedingungen um bis zu 120 kg erhöht werden).

The maximum outside dimensions of the transport cart 1 are due to the dimensions of the lift cabin to be used 2 (please refer 1 ) and are therefore based on the so-called full-size trolley with the dimensions L × B × H = (879 × 305 × 993) mm ³ . Due to the given lift usage and maximum ground load in the aircraft, the following restrictions apply: Zuladungsvolumen: Max. 6 standard units 3 (see Fig. 7, 7a) Zuladungsmasse: 120 kg (*) Total weight: 138 kg (*) Empty weight: Max. 18 kg

• (*) - can be increased by up to 120 kg under certain conditions).

Due to the given by the conventional catering trolleys basic dimensions is the trolley 1 at the Bodeplatte 11 a chassis attached as a quadruple steering wheel system as the full-size trolley. Each swivel castor 15 is designed as a Doppelradanordnung, as within the aircraft, the maximum ground load is observed. The total weight of the transport cart 1 is therefore limited to a conventional four-fold swivel caster suspension to 138 kg, of which 120 kg should be available as a load capacity. This results for the transport cart 1 a maximum empty weight of 18 kg, which significantly influences the choice of material already described above.

In case of a change (ie reinforcement) of the steering roller system, eg by additional castors 15 , the above load can be increased up to double and the total weight can be raised to 258 kg, if up to eight swivel castors 15 evenly distributed below the bottom plate 1 to be ordered. The unladen weight should be assumed to be constant, since the lightweight construction composites used usually have much higher rigidity and load capacity than would be required for the normal load (up to 120 kg).

The spatial dimensions of the four-way system of castors 15 are based on the well-known catering trolley, the so-called full-size trolley. The roll diameter is 75 mm, which results from attempts to overcome the rolling resistance on NTF / carpet floor coverings. The castors 15 are mounted so that they do not deflect over the outer contour of the bottom plate 11 of the transport cart 1 survive.

As a multiple swivel system with more than three castors 15 is always statically overdetermined, can never be said with certainty, which castors 15 wear and thus brake. The transport cart 1 is therefore with one on all castors 15 simultaneously braked landing gear (not shown) equipped.

In 2 is the transport cart 1 shown in three projection views. It corresponds in all details to the perspective transport trolley 1 from 1 ,

As a special feature over all known catering trolleys, are in 2 the protruding bumpers 16 to recognize that at the bottom plate 11 are attached. The top view of 2 leaves a projection of the bumper 16 across the width and especially over the length of the bottom plate 11 to recognize. Particularly noteworthy is that also compared to the loading of the transport cart 1 provided transport containers (standard units 3 , only in 6 . 7 and 7a shown) in the longitudinal direction of the transport cart 1 a supernatant is present, especially the bottom plate 11 shorter than the outside dimensions of the stacked standard units 3 as seen in the side view and top view of 2 by a stroke point line are indicated. These supernatants have the meaning given below.

The opposite bottom plate 11 and sidewalls 12 existing supernatant of the standard units 3 , like in the 6 and 7 to see is necessary because the standard units 3 on its front sides a flap with external hinge 31 to have. Should the hinge 31 also still in the clear width of the transport cart 1 Finding space would have the side walls 12 a significantly increased risk of damage (wear) when stacking the standard units 3 , This circumstance is counteracted by the slight supernatant.

Between the floor of the elevator cabin 2 and a pre-zone floor located in front of the lift 4 (eg Galleyboden or mobile loading floor on the runway) is there - as in 1 implied - often a level difference 41 and inevitably a gap 42 , Because of the level difference 41 and the gap 42 it makes sense to retract the transport cart 1 in the narrow elevator cabin 2 a threading contour 161 (only in 3a to 3d designated) for overcoming level difference 41 and split 42 provided.

Such a threading contour 161 is designed so that the transport cart 1 in sufficiently large distance in front of the roller feet 151 the closest castors 15 is forcibly guided, with the Rollenfußpunkte 151 in the normal case of the longitudinal insertion of the transport cart 1 behind the roller fulcrums 152 the castors 15 lie as in 3a recognizable.

The threading contour 161 is the trolley according to the invention 1 in the front of the trolley 1 attached bumper 16 integrated, with the bumpers 16 below the bottom plate 11 attached and fixed to this. The top view contour of bumper 16 cantilevers over all abutting edges / corners of the base plate 11 (Front side area) and has a longitudinal direction of the transport cart 1 bevelled or rounded shape as below 3 will be explained in more detail.

A special challenge for the design of the bumpers 16 lies in that they are below the horizontal plane passing through the bottom of the bottom plate 11 is defined, no projection over the lateral outer dimension of the transport cart 1 may have, because up to this height alignment aids (not shown) for the parallel guidance of the castors 15 inside the elevator cabin 2 are to be kept free. The necessary protruding parts (guide body 164 ) the bumper 16 that the floor plate 11 and the side walls 12 against hard impacts with "interference contours" of the lift cabin 2 are therefore on a plate-shaped base body 163 of the bumper 16 at least in front of the corners of the floor slab 11 as a rounded, in the basic form prismatic or cylindrical trained guide body 164 formed.

As from the synopsis of 1 (Gap 42 to the subzero floor 4 ) 3a and 4a - 4g to recognize, is a safe threading of the transport cart 1 in the elevator cabin 2 achieved by the fact that the castors 15 in the longitudinal direction of the transport cart 1 opposite the front lateral guide surfaces 162 the bumper 16 are sufficiently reset. The transport cart 1 (calculated from the front edge of the bumper 16 ) should be optimally already about 50-100 mm in the elevator cabin 2 be threaded before the roller bases 151 the front castors 15 the gap 42 between the subzero soil 4 and lift cabin 2 to reach.

Variants of threading contour 161 designed bumpers 16 are in 3a - 3d shown. It shows 3a a suitable threading contour 161 in a plan view of an end of the bottom plate 11 in which on the base body 163 an elliptical-cylindrical guide body 164 is superimposed, with base body 163 and leadership body 164 molded in one piece (homogeneously from the same material).

3b and 3c make concrete designs of bumpers 16 by putting on the base body 163 two guide bodies 164 are molded in front of the corners of the base plate to one in between the lift door 21 existing transport lock 22 (only in 1 and 4 drawn) during lift operation to push or swivel.

As a management body 164 are in 3b a cylindrical shape and in 3c the basic shape of rounded quadrilateral prisms is shown. Basically, as a management body 164 Rounded n-sided prisms (with n ≥ 3) or cylinders with any base (preferably almost oval or kidney-shaped) suitable.

In 3d is finally for the spatial restrictions within the current standard trolley-lift cabins 2 the fully adapted and optimized design of a bumper 16 in projection form and as a perspective drawing. The two guide bodies 164 are a hybrid of cylinders and three-sided prism to the maximum possible connection surface to the base body 163 to exhaust (after swinging the transport lock 22 inside the elevator cabin 2 still available).

How out 2 and 3 Recognizable, the bumpers have 16 Of course, in addition to their Einfädelfunktion also their name corresponding shock absorber function, because they are at both ends of the transport cart 1 are always the first contact component of the transport cart 1 with a "sturgeon contour" represent when the trolley 1 Usually (like a catering trolley) is moved in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the bumpers 16 designed for their second main purpose as a damping system, the improper handling of the transport cart 1 the struck "Störkonturen", like elevator cabin 2 , Lift door 21 (only in 1 and 4 drawn) and lift housing, Galley (both not shown), trucks, etc., protects against plastic deformation and damage. This basic function becomes purely longitudinal in the base body alone 163 carried. For the oblique or lateral "driveways", however, are the guide body 164 in the composite material with the base body 163 effective. As a result, a long life of both the lightweight components, bottom plate 11 and sidewalls 12 , the transport cart 1 as well as the "Störkonturen" of the elevator cabin 2 be secured.

The bumpers 16 Therefore, they must absorb as much as possible the impact forces and moments introduced with regard to their shape. The energy value per unit area decides whether there is an elastic or plastic, ie destructive, deformation. The desired appearance is a partially elastic shock.

In order to absorb the resulting deformation work, the bumper provided for this purpose must 16 , the front and rear of the trolley 1 at the same time for the threading function in the lift cabin 2 is designed to have a resistance to impact of 0.22 kJ / m ² , which corresponds to a minimum thickness of 8 mm in the material chosen in more detail below.

In concrete execution according to 3d is the bumper 16 longitudinally 15.6 mm in front of the standard unit 3 and in the transverse direction 8 mm from the standard unit 3 above. Due to the space requirements of current elevator cabins 2 is the bumper 16 according to 3d with the top edge of its base body 163 below a floor height of 100 mm (= lower edge of the transport lock 22 at the lift cabin door 21 ) and has a vertical extent between 10-50 mm. The total height of base body 163 and leadership body 164 can still be significantly higher.

4 shows in three detail drawings successive entry situations of an obliquely inserted transport cart 1 , These situational representations allow for bumpers that have been optimized to a minimum due to space restrictions 16 (according to 3d ) recognize that the requirement for sufficiently damped contact points of the transport cart 1 opposite the "interference contour" of the elevator cabin 2 is fulfilled in every phase. However, especially in this minimal version of the bumper 16 the material selection described below is of particular importance.

The bumper 16 is made as a molded part of a dimensionally stable, but elastically deformable material, preferably made of an elastomeric plastic or rubber. Particularly suitable are polyurethane elastomers, such as those sold under the trademarks Vulkollan, Elastan, Elastolan or Elastopal.

• • hoher mechanischer Verschleißwiderstand, hohe Verformungen und Lastwechsel sind möglich (bei Torsionsbeanspruchung zeigt z.B. Vulkollan in weiten Temperaturbereichen ein gleichbleibendes elastisches Verhalten)
• • gute Beständigkeit gegen viele Öle, Fette und Lösungsmittel;
• • hohe Elastizität im gesamten Härtebereich von ca. 70–90 Shore-Härte (nach DIN 53505 und DIN 7868); hohe Rückprallelastizität in allen Härtegraden von 80 Shore A bis 85 Shore D. Der E-Modul reicht von ca. 10 bis 630 MPa (auch bei Härten über 95 Shore A werden noch Werte über 55 % erreicht);
• • hohe Weiterreißfestigkeit (je nach Typ mehr als 100 kN/m);
• • niedriger Druckformungsrest (niedrige bleibende Verformung);
• • gute Beständigkeit gegen Ozon, UV und energiereiche Strahlung.

The design of the bumper 16 polyurethane elastomers has the following advantages in particular:

• • high mechanical wear resistance, high deformations and load changes are possible (in the case of torsional stress Vulkollan, for example, exhibits consistent elastic behavior over wide temperature ranges)
• • good resistance to many oils, greases and solvents;
• • high elasticity in the entire hardness range of approx. 70-90 Shore hardness (according to DIN 53505 and DIN 7868); high resilience in all degrees of hardness from 80 Shore A to 85 Shore D. The modulus of elasticity ranges from approx. 10 to 630 MPa (even with hardnesses above 95 Shore A, values above 55% are achieved);
• • high tear resistance (more than 100 kN / m, depending on the type);
• • low compression set (low permanent set);
• • good resistance to ozone, UV and high-energy radiation.

The high wear resistance of polyurethane elastomers guarantees a long service life of the bumper 16 with the threading contour 161 for the transport cart 1 as well as a reliable protection of the "interference contours" (in particular the elevator cabin 2 ) from damage.

The fixation of the standard units 3 can both by means of a belt system, as in 5 - 8th in the form of retaining straps 17 as well as via a friction-based bedding coating of floorboard 11 and / or inner surfaces of the side walls 12 happen.

For fixing the standard units 3 are preferably two straps 17 used, each on a crossbar 14 between the side walls 12 and the bottom plate 11 , as in 5 represented, or by means of a fastening eye 171 at the bumper 16 , as in 6 shown are attached.

The load securing according to 6 can also be modified as desired. However, no load securing assemblies (straps, cords or straps) are permitted when the trolley is empty or partially loaded 1 without function (ie loose) and thus the functions of lift, trolleys 1 or environment.

The preferably rounded shape of the side walls 12 results from the lateral area requirement of five standard units 3 as they are in 6 in the transport cart 1 are shown stacked, as well as from the requirement, sharp or protruding edges on the trolley 1 , with which this at the "Störkonturen" of the elevator cabin 2 can collide, avoid as possible.

The dimensions of the side walls 12 are the dimensions of the available standard units 3 , as listed in Table 2 below. This results in different stack variants, as in 6 . 7 and 7a are shown. Table 2: Standard units 3 with manufacturer-specific dimensional deviations (maximum dimensions, which were used as specifications for trolley 1, in bold), where B1, L1 denote overall dimensions with respect to protruding fittings Standard Unit providers ID No. L [mm] L1 [mm] B [mm] B1 [mm] H [mm] Driessen DLH 2051-001 419 432 289 293 278 Diethelm UAH 004-102-MH 394.5 410 288 292.5 279 Driessen BAO 18001 409 413 289 292 280 Diethelm UAH 020-101 EY 395.5 411 288 292.5 279 Diethelm UAH 007-101 CZ 395.5 411 288 292.5 279

6 shows how five standard units 3 between the two side walls 12 be stacked, with two standard units each 3 on both sides of the middle wall 13 are stacked on top of each other and the fifth standard unit 3 almost in the middle above the middle wall 13 partly on the two two-stacks of the first four standard units 3 rests. The fifth standard unit 3 is between two lateral cross struts 14 and an upper crossbar 14 stored safe for transport. recesses 122 on the edge of the side walls 12 serve to guide transport belts (not shown) during a truck transport of several trolleys 1 to the plane. The almost rectangular recesses 121 in the side walls 12 are as handle openings for manually moving the transport cart 1 intended.

In 7 and 7a are modified versions of the transport cart 1 for a maximum load of six standard units 3 shown. In these two embodiments, the middle wall 13 towards the top of the side walls 12 extended to the latter for the upper two standard units 3 to stabilize more strongly. In the 7 illustrated two upper cross struts 14 can also be omitted if the middle wall 13 - as in 7a shown - to the edge of the side walls 12 enough.

The in the 1 to 6 existing outer cross struts 14 are in the execution of the transport cart 1 to 7 and 7a to two transverse plates 141 degenerates above a height of two standard units 3 horizontally between the side walls 12 are attached. On these approx. 5-10 mm thick cross plates 141 , at best to the middle wall 13 are rich and anchored to this in addition (as by the horizontal screw row in 7 indicated) and which should be at least 250 mm long (as in 7a shown), the upper two of the six standard units store 3 ,

Because the cross plates 141 with the handle holes in it 142 only in the not (fully) loaded condition of the transport cart 1 the handle function for the omitted outer cross struts 14 take over are, according to the execution of 7a the handle holes 142 for fastening the straps 17 provided and to the strap 17 an additional grip tab 172 attached.

As a further embodiment variant of the transport cart 1 is in 8th a form with top-flattened (height-reduced) side walls 12 shown. The sidewall shape after 8th Meets the requirements for a slipper-proof acceptance of five standard units 3 and the avoidance of protruding edges, because with enclosure of about half the height of the top fifth standard unit 3 through the shortened side walls 12 the edges of this top standard unit 3 even then no contact with "Störkonturen" the elevator car 2 can accommodate, if the trolley 1 when inserting into the elevator cabin 2 should tilt easily.

Both side wall shapes (according to the 5 - 7 such as 8th ) are less prone to damage the lift structures as well as loading and fixing in a truck or van.

The height of the middle wall 13 is optimally 556 mm, to the minimum possible height of two stacked (smallest) standard units 3 with the highest possible stabilization function for the sidewalls 12 to reconcile. Also suitable are all height dimensions of the middle wall 13 which are between 400 mm and 556 mm. Shortening is possible in particular if above the middle wall 13 still cross struts 14 between the side walls 12 are attached to the side walls 12 additionally stabilize.

The height of the outer cross struts 14 because of ergonomic considerations - because they are to be used as handlebars - at about 800 mm above the ground. Actually comes the crossbars 14 in the transport cart 1 however, has a significant stabilizing effect, which has to take two aspects into account.

On the one hand, a fast, proper loading of the transport cart 1 with standard units 3 be sure by placing two each on the bottom plate 11 superimposed standard units 3 (according to 6 and 8th ) can be conveniently stacked without crossing the crossbar 4 lift or push through just below.

On the other hand, for the transport on the back of a truck a lashing of several trolleys 1 to provide for that in the side walls 12 the recesses 122 are introduced and at this height a support of the side walls 12 against each other required to avoid either elastic or plastic yielding against the lashing straps (not shown). From the two aforementioned aspects it follows that the cross struts 14 as close as possible between the side walls 12 be fastened, in a height more than twice the maximum height dimension of the standard units 3 (2280 mm) and significantly less than three times the height dimension of the standard units, because the fifth standard unit 3 over the cross struts 14 must be lifted to place them in between. This results in a compromise optimum height between 600 mm and 700 mm above the bottom plate 11 ,

Table 2 above lists all conventionally available standard containers. The maximum dimensions of all possible standard containers were for the trolley 1 as a maintenance measure for the standard units 3 Are defined. The length of the largest standard units 3 (l _SU = 419 mm) determines the total length L of the transport cart 1 in relation to the bottom plate 11 and the side walls 12 ,

The lengths of two standard units 3 (2l _SU ) plus the thickness (d) of the middle wall 13 plus twice the projection of the bumper 16 (D _Bu ) give the permissible total length L of the transport cart 1 in front, the clear depth (879 mm) of the lift cabin 2 of the aircraft must fall below. That is, from the maximum permissible total length L _{GC of} the transport cart 1 results from knowing the maximum length of the standard units 3 and choosing a center wall 13 with sufficient strength (d _MW = 10 mm), the projection (D _BU ) of each bumper 16 to: D BU = ½ {L GC - (2 · l SU + d MW ) = ½ {879mm - (2 x 419mm + 10mm)} = ½ {879mm - (838mm + 10mm)} = ½ {31mm} d Bu = 15.5 mm

The permissible total width of the transport cart 1 is at most 305 mm, that of the clear width the elevator cabin 2 Takes into account.

The height is for the transport cart 1 with shortened side walls 12 between 700.0 mm (unloaded) and 834 mm (loaded with the smallest standard unit 3 ). For the unabridged transport cart 1 with at least one overhead crossbar 14 between the side walls 12 the height is 891 mm.

Because every standard unit 3 currently limited to a mass of m ≤ 20 kg, results for the trolley 1 a payload of 120 kg, as is permissible for the present four-fold steering roller system.

The side walls 12 are laterally on the bottom plate 11 fastened, preferably screwed. To stiffen the two side walls 12 to each other and to the bottom plate 11 is a middle wall 13 inserted. The middle wall 13 also serves to separate the stacking bins for the standard units 3 on the transport cart 1 ,

For better handling of the transport carts 1 are in the sidewalls 12 in the variants according to 1 - 5 recesses 121 introduced as handle openings. Additional cutouts 122 on the edge of the side walls 12 in the vicinity of acting as push rods outer cross struts 14 allow easier lateral access to the crossbars 14 and at the same time serve as slip protection for conveyor belts during truck transport.

For load securing the standard units 3 Can on the top of the bottom plate 11 an anti-slip coating 18 (For example, polyurethane elastomer or rubber o. Ä.) To be applied, the sufficient frictional resistance to slipping of the standard units 3 offers. As a supplement is a strap 17 from one of the cross struts 14 to the bumper 16 provided on both ends of the transport cart 1 exists and the standard units 3 during transport from accidental slipping out of the trolley 1 preserved.

In the bumper 16 is a fixing eyelet 171 introduced, at the tether 17 can be latched.

1

trolleys

11

baseplate

12

Side wall

121

recess

122

recess

13

center wall

14

crossmember

141

transverse plate

142

fingerholes

15

castor

151

Rollenfußpunkt

152

Role of rotation

16

bumper

161

Einfädelkontur

162

guide surface

163

base body

164

guide body

165

mounting holes

17

tether

171

securing eye

172

grip tab

18

Anti-slip covering

2

lift cabin

21

lift door

22

transport lock

3

Standard Unit

31

hinge

4

Vorzonenboden

41

Difference in level

42

gap

Claims (35)

Device for transporting stackable transport containers for the loading and unloading of an aircraft using an aircraft-owned lift system, in which the transport containers are stacked on a rollable base, characterized in that the rollable base as a transport cart ( 1 ) is formed with: - a rectangular bottom plate ( 11 ), which are equipped with at least four paired, but individually movable castors ( 15 ), - two side walls ( 12 ), which on opposite longitudinal sides of the rectangular bottom plate ( 11 ) are rigidly fixed, the side walls ( 12 ) above the bottom plate ( 11 ) have a rounded outer contour, - a middle wall ( 13 ) in the transverse direction of the trolley ( 1 ) between the side walls ( 12 ) in the middle of the bottom plate ( 11 ) is arranged standing to bottom plate ( 11 ) and side walls ( 12 ), and - two bumpers ( 16 ), each of the short sides of the rectangular bottom plate ( 11 ) and in addition to an elastic shock absorption against interference contours of transport systems a Einfädelkontur ( 161 ) for entering a lift cabin ( 2 ) of the lift system. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls ( 12 ) at least in a central region of the transport cart ( 1 ) the height of two stackable transport containers ( 3 ) have excessive height. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the side walls ( 12 ) have in the upper part a semicircular rounded outer contour. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the side walls ( 12 ) in the upper part circular arc-rounded outer contour regions and an upper edge region parallel to the bottom plate. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle wall ( 13 ) at least one and a half times the height of the standard transport containers ( 3 ) and at most twice their height. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the side walls ( 12 ) and the middle wall ( 13 ) are made of lightweight panels. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that that the lightweight panels made of fiber composites are. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that in the lightweight panels made of high-strength fibers in a matrix Plastics of the group thermoplastics, thermosets and polymers used are. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that in the lightweight panels carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) used are. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) are used in the lightweight panels are. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that the lightweight panels at least one synthetic fiber reinforced plastic (SFK) of the group aramid fiber reinforced plastics (AFK) or fiber reinforced Plastics contain on epoxy, polyester or phenolic resin. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that that plastic honeycomb panels are used as lightweight panels. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that that the plastic honeycomb panels with any high-strength fibers reinforced are. Apparatus according to claim 6 to 13, characterized in that the bottom plate ( 11 ), Side walls ( 12 ) and middle wall ( 13 ) as hybrid construction the trolley ( 1 ) form. Apparatus according to claim 6 to 13, characterized in that the bottom plate ( 11 ), Side walls ( 12 ) and middle wall ( 13 ) as a monolithic structure the trolley ( 1 ) form. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that that as honeycomb panels metal honeycomb panels are used. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that Metawell ^® plates are used as lightweight panels. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the side walls ( 12 ) are made of light metal sheets. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the side walls ( 12 ) are made of steel or stainless steel. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls ( 12 ) in addition to the middle wall ( 13 ) at least in its edge region by means of at least two transverse struts ( 14 ) are rigidly connected to the sidewall stabilization. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that at least two at the ends of the transport cart ( 1 ) located outer cross struts ( 14 ) between the side walls ( 12 ) are attached. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that at least one above the middle wall ( 13 ) arranged upper cross member ( 14 ) between the side walls ( 12 ) is attached. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the transverse struts ( 14 ) for load securing by means of holding straps ( 17 ) are provided. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls ( 12 ) in addition to the middle wall ( 13 ) at least in its edge region by means of at least two horizontal transverse plates ( 141 ) for stabilizing the side walls ( 12 ) are rigidly connected. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) for generating the threading contour ( 161 ) a base body ( 163 ), whose front edge in front of the roller root ( 151 ) of the foremost castors ( 15 ) so far in the longitudinal direction of the transport cart ( 1 ) that the leading edge of the base body ( 163 ) at least 50-100 mm into the lift cabin ( 2 ) before the roller bases ( 151 ) of the foremost castors ( 15 ) one between the elevator cabin ( 2 ) and Vorzonenboden ( 4 ) existing level difference ( 41 ) or gap ( 42 ) to reach. Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) for generating the threading contour ( 161 ) from a base body ( 163 ) and at least one guiding body ( 164 ), the base body ( 163 ) below the bottom plate ( 11 ) and a projection in the longitudinal direction of the transport cart ( 1 ) and the at least one guide body ( 164 ) a lateral projection in front of and at the side of the short side of the bottom plate ( 11 ) generated. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) for generating the threading contour ( 161 ) from a base body ( 163 ) and two guiding bodies ( 164 ), wherein the two guide bodies ( 164 ) in front of the corners of the bottom plate ( 11 ) are formed. Device according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the guide body ( 164 ) has the shape of a straight n-sided prism with rounded side edges. Device according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the guide body ( 164 ) has the shape of a straight cylinder with any base. Device according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the guide body ( 164 ) has a mixed form of rounded prism and cylinder. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the guide body ( 164 ) on the base body ( 163 ) is monolithically formed. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) are formed of a highly elastic material with sufficiently high wear resistance. Device according to claim 32, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) are made of a polyurethane elastomer. Device according to claim 33, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) are made of Vulkollan ^® . Device according to claim 32, characterized in that the bumpers ( 16 ) are made of a highly elastic rubber.