DE202008004742U1 - Device for pollutant removal from flue gases from small combustion plants - Google Patents

Abstract

contraption for pollutant removal from flue gases from small combustion plants, characterized in that in the flue gas stream at least 2 by baffles separate heat exchangers are installed side by side, over alternating with the one exchanger heat in order to undercut deprived of the Wassertaupunktes and directly to the other exchanger for water evaporation is supplied from the abzusprenenden coating.

Description

in the Contrary to industrial or commercial heat generators Household small combustion plants are individual and not always operated by default. Often numerous in residential areas They emit at relatively low chimney heights increasingly health-relevant pollutant quantities. To comply with However, predetermined limits can already a proportionate removal of pollutants enough!

So far are at least at home firings practically no additional Flue gas cleaning devices in use, because the proven flue gas cleaning process for that too big technical or financial Expenditure condition.

So came Fremdwasserflüssbenetzt ( DE 10 2004 049 931 A1 . DE 20 2007 009 362 U1 . DE 00 0004 137 301 C1 or even tacky coated separating elements, liquid condensate streams ( AT 000000020143 E ), High voltage and rinsing media for wet electrophotograph ( DE 00 0002 340 350 A1 ), the use of compressed air for the cleaning of bag filters ( DE 20 2007 010 369 U1 ) in layman operated small furnaces for households so far not to the practice introduction. Dry fixed bed absorber ( DE 00 0019 812 310 A1 ) have the disadvantage of having to be replaced regularly. Similar to the whole-area particle filters ( DE 00 0019 627 028 A1 ) Although they cause a relatively good degree of separation, but also to be compensated by a fan considerable pressure loss; As with dusts, this also applies in principle to separation from gases with or without condensate droplets ( DE 10 2006 045 791 A1 ).

It is well known that ash, particulate matter and acidic gases are increasingly deposited on moist surfaces, and such can be caused by falling below the water dew point. Uncontrollable caking, however, are unacceptable in continuous operation as they provoke serious failures. The flue gases are therefore kept as possible above the dew point or reheated ( EP 0632238 A1 ).

If, however, the formation of solid deposits in the flue gas stream is expected for the optimization of certain processes or the heat balance, regular cleaning must be ensured. This can be done by blowing off, rinsing, tapping or wiping. Chipping would be after hydraulic / mechanical deformation ( DE 10 2004 033 815 B3 ) expected. As well as the deposition, the cleaning can be done by suitable design ( DE 10 209 153 A1 ) and material selection of heat exchangers and channel walls. However, all of these procedures have not yet been established for small combustion plants.

Of the in claim 1 protection invention is based on the problem out of the flue gas in a small, with no special expertise too operating furnace as uncomplicated as possible Part of the pollutants.

This Problem is with the features listed in protection claim 1 solved.

With the invention is achieved that the effect of reinforced Separation of flue gas pollutants on moist surfaces even in the smallest combustion plants without technically demanding Additional equipment apart from the controlled heat transfer medium is usable.

in view of simultaneous proportionate flue gas cleaning leads the additional Heat extraction and thus the reduction of the net heat loss in sum, not to have a negative impact on the immission situation the source environment. The device can be part of the new plant or can be retrofitted on a type-neutral basis.

A advantageous embodiment of the invention is in the protection claim 2 specified. This allows further optimization of the degree of separation and exhaust gas parameters.

An embodiment is based on 1 explained.

In order to meet the exhaust emission limits of an existing domestic hot water boiler ( 1 ) is to lower a piece of the flue gas channel ( 2 ) by the device according to the invention ( 3 ) and a heat buffer ( 4 ) added. In the present case, a single-stage design without reheating the clean gas is considered sufficient. Thus, only one half of the flue gas stream is reduced in pollutants here, but it also withdrawn only a limited amount of heat through the device at the same time.

The schematic representation shows the switching time after extensive cleaning of the now from cool heat transfer medium ( 5 ) through heat exchanger tube block ( 6 ) and at the same time strong coating at the now heated heat transfer medium ( 7 ) through heat exchanger tube block ( 8th ).

The flaked lining pieces ( 9 ) fell in the now completed cycle via a funnel ( 10 ) into a collection container ( 11 ), which can be emptied during business interruptions.

The dust load in the boiler ne raw gas stream ( 12 ) is guided by baffles ( 13 ) first shared. At now under the dew point cooled heat exchanger tube block ( 6 ) separate condensate, fly ash and acid gases and build up an internally moist coating. With increasing temperature of the heat transfer medium on its way through the tubes, however, this effect decreases.

It then passes with a temperature in the adjacent heat exchanger tube block ( 8th ) the heating of the previously built there covering ( 14 ) over the dew point. As a result, water vapor and thermal stresses are generated from the inside out, which, supported by the flue gas flow, leads to the removal of the predominant coating fraction. The heat transfer medium is then in the buffer from its excess heat and is relatively cool again promoted to the current first heat exchanger tube block. The pure gas flowing out of this device half ( 15 ) now has in particular a significantly lower residual dust content.

At a given lining thickness combined with less heat transfer to the heat transfer medium, the controller switches the feed pump ( 16 ) so that the process can proceed in the opposite direction.

For thorough cleaning of the heat exchanger tube blocks in the event of interruptions in operation, the service flap ( 17 ) to open.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004049931 A1 [0003]
• - DE 202007009362 U1 [0003]
• - DE 000004137301 C1 [0003]
• AT 000000020143 E [0003]
• DE 000002340350 A1 [0003]
• - DE 202007010369 U1 [0003]
• DE 000019812310 A1 [0003]
• - DE 000019627028 A1 [0003]
• - DE 102006045791 A1 [0003]
• - EP 0632238 A1 [0004]
• DE 102004033815 B3 [0005]
• - DE 10209153 A1 [0005]

Claims (5)

Device for pollutant removal from flue gases from small combustion plants, characterized in that at least two heat exchangers separated by baffles are installed side by side in the flue gas stream, withdrawn alternately with the one heat exchanger for the purpose of falling below the dew point and fed directly to the other exchanger for water evaporation from the abzusprenenden coating , Device according to protection claim 1, characterized that if necessary further downstream of the device stages with reverse exchanger arrangement are. Device according to protection claim 1, characterized that the changing temperature in the heat exchangers by periodically reversing the flow direction of the thermally sufficient loadable heat transfer medium takes place. Device according to protection claim 1, characterized that the temperature reduction of the heat transfer medium until well below the water dew point by heat release on heat transfer media, rooms to be heated, re-heated clean gas and / or reaches a buffer memory becomes. Device according to protection claim 1, characterized that additionally a service flap for mechanized or manually operated cleaning device installed is.