DE202007011194U1 - hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

A hinge (1), in particular for an item of furniture, comprises a hinge part (2) which can be fixed to a door (6) or flap and is mounted pivotably on a side part (3) via a supporting lever (7) and a guide lever (8), wherein the side part (3) is mounted on an installation plate (4), which can be fitted to a furniture body (5), and at least one spring (18) by means of which the hinge part (2) is prestressed into a closed position in an automatic tightening region, and a linear damper (11) with a piston rod (13) which is movable relative to a damper housing (12) and is intended for damping a closing movement of the hinge part (2), wherein the damper (11) is designed as a compression damper, and a deflecting element (10) is provided, said deflecting element being coupled to the damper (11) and being movable via a tension lever (9) during a closing movement of the hinge part (2).

Description

The The present invention relates to a hinge, in particular for Furniture with a fixable on a door or flap Hinge part, which has a support lever and a guide lever is pivotally mounted on a side part, wherein the side part on a mountable to a furniture body mounting plate is held, and at least one spring, by means of the hinge part biased in a self-closing range in a closed position is, and a linear damper with a relative to a Damper housing movable piston rod for damping a closing movement of the hinge part.

The DE 20 2006 003 196 discloses a furniture hinge in which a hinge part is pivotally mounted on a support lever and a guide lever. On the guide lever, a boom is provided, which is coupled to a piston rod of a damper. Upon a closing movement of the hinge part of the damper is effective, the piston rod pulls the piston out of the damper housing so that it acts as a damper. Although this furniture hinge is compact, but has the disadvantage that the damping curve is not adjusted so sensitive by the direct coupling of the piston rod to the guide lever. In particular, there is also the problem that the dampers acting on the train are subject to wear in the sealing area, so that the damping properties can change.

The EP 1 555 372 discloses a furniture hinge in which a hinge part is mounted via a guide lever and a support lever on a side part. In the side part of a linear damper is received, the piston rod protruding, which is connected in the manner of a link chain with a boom on the guide lever. As a result, can be modified by the geometry of the boom and the connecting elements, the damping properties when closing the hinge part, but the problem remains that over the life of the damper, the damping properties change, especially because the seal is exposed to wear on the open side of the damper housing and Therefore, the capacity of the damper is limited. If the damping force occurs too suddenly, then there is the problem that a furniture door springs back during the closing movement, which is perceived by the user as disturbing. If the damping setting is too weak, a bang can occur due to the furniture door being hit against a furniture carcass.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, a hinge, in particular to create furniture that is a reliable Damping of the hinge part when closing also after many closing operations possible and wherein the damping effect optimally to different Installation situations is adjusted.

These Task is with a hinge with the features of the claim 1 solved.

According to the invention the damper is designed as a pressure damper and it a deflecting element is provided which is coupled to the damper is and at a closing movement of the hinge part over a Pull lever is movable. This will be one when closing the hinge part a tensile force on the pull lever in a compressive force converted to the damper when closing acts. The damper will be during the closing movement only subjected to pressure, leaving a load around the piston rod arranged seal comparatively low fails. Because the pressure force acts only on the closed side of the cup-shaped Housing, which is relatively stable. At least it will thereby no seal closing the housing claimed, which is net angeord to a movable piston rod. This ensures a long life and also stay the damping properties even after a variety of actuation cycles almost the same.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the deflecting element is rotatable mounted on the side part and at a tensile force by the pull lever a compressive force is exerted on the damper. In this case, the deflecting element directly to one end of the piston rod be coupled so that the rotational movement of the deflecting element in a linear stroke of the piston rod is converted. To is the damper at the closed end of the damper housing pivoted.

Preferably is the damper between an opening angle of at least 25 °, preferably at least 40 ° and a closed position of the hinge part effectively, so that an attenuation over a comparatively long pivoting path he follows. This allows a defined closing the hinge part, the comparatively independent of the initial closing speed of the hinge part and any weight bearing forces with the hinge part connected component is. Because through the damper is one initial kinetic energy is absorbed by the the spring and the damper predetermined closing parameters are reached.

In order to realize a long damping path effectively, the stroke of the damper is 4 to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm. This can be a compact design with sufficient Damping be obtained when closing the hinge part.

Around to cause a predetermined damping curve at the hinge is the gear ratio during a closing movement of the hinge part in a range of 15 ° before the closed position preferably chosen to the closed position, that between the pivoting angle of the hinge part and the stroke of the Damper per degree closing movement a stroke of 0.05 mm to 0.24 mm, preferably 0.14 mm to 0.18 mm is achieved. Especially in the end before the closed position of the Damper for a defined closing a door or a flap, so here comparatively high damping forces and therefore a big one Stroke of the damper relative to the closing movement must be present. The hub should not be too big otherwise there is a risk of damage to the hinge due to overload forces can arise. In this respect it is advantageous if the damping steadily increases when closing the hinge part, so that shocks are avoided. In addition, the damper in an opening area between the closed position and an opening angle of 30 ° more than 60%, preferably more than 70% of its total stroke, leaving just in one end area in front of the closed position a high attenuation is achieved. In opening direction is the damping effect despite appropriate movement the Kolbestange of the damper low, which, however, by appropriate Achieved design of the piston in the damper housing becomes. Such substantially unidirectional damper are known.

Preferably becomes a self-tightening of the hinge part by the effectiveness of the spring achieved by the hinge part automatically in the closed Position is moved. A self-tightening area is the area in which the hinge part only by the force of a spring is moved to the closed position and no further forces are necessary for movement. He ends up where the power of the spring not enough to move the hinge part to the closed position to move. This self-tightening area can, for example, in one area between 20 ° and 50 °, preferably 30 ° to 45 ° and act to the closed position.

Around the handling of a built-in hinge possible To make pleasant, the spring is preferably in a first opening area adjacent to the closing position in the closing direction effective (self-tightening) and in a second opening area the spring biases the hinge part in the opening direction in front.

The Spring force may preferably be in an opening angle range from 15 ° to 45 °, especially 20 ° to 40 °, reach a maximum value, and in other areas become smaller again. This will reduce the material load on the spring kept low when opening the hinge part, causing the Lifespan increased.

The Spring can be designed as a leg spring, the first with the hinge part coupled leg and a second with an axle coupled to a boom of the guide lever Has leg. To allow tracking of the spring, the spring can be rotatably mounted on an axis of the support lever.

Around the material load when moving the hinge part to the spring To reduce, coupled to the deflecting leg of the Spring against a pulley. The pulley is reduced the friction forces on the usually relatively short trained Leg of the spring in which high loads occur. This will the life of the spring and thus the entire hinge considerably elevated.

In A further advantageous embodiment of the invention are dampers and spring designed so that during a closing movement of the hinge part in an opening area between 4 ° and 0 °, preferably 8 ° and 0 ° one substantially constant closing speed is present. Because by appropriate tuning of the damper and the Spring and the transmission ratio is It is possible to close a kinetic energy of one Flap or door to dampen that independent from an initial closing speed in an opening area shortly before the closed position the closing speed almost exclusively depends on the spring force and the damper and insofar can be optimized. This is achieved by that the damper already at a larger opening angle Forces generated against the closing direction.

The Invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings explained. Show it:

1 a side view of a hinge according to the invention in the installed position;

2 a perspective view of the hinge of the 1 ;

3 a sectional side view of the hinge of the 1 ;

4 an exploded perspective view of the hinge of 1 ;

5A to 5G several sectional side views of the hinge of the 1 in different opening positions;

6 a graphical representation of the damping path depending on the opening angle of the hinge;

7 a graphical representation of the closing force of the spring of the hinge, depending on the opening angle, and

8th a graphical representation of the closing speed of the spring of the hinge, depending on the opening angle.

A hinge 1 includes a hinge part 2 , which is pivotable on a side part 3 is stored. The side part 3 is on a mounting plate 4 held on a furniture body 5 , For example, a cabinet is mounted. On the hinge part 2 is a door, flap or other component set. As in 1 shown, the door opens 6 from a closed position to an open position shown in dashed lines 6 ' move, wherein the maximum opening angle ρ in a range between 90 ° and 120 °, preferably 100 ° to 110 °.

In the 2 and 3 is the hinge 1 shown in which the side part 3 is designed adjustable, with a first adjusting screw 16 for a shift of the side part 3 relative to the mounting plate 4 serves and another adjusting screw 17 intended for a circulation adjustment.

The hinge part 2 is rotatable on a support lever 7 and a guide lever 8th stored, with the boom 25 of the guide lever 8th a pull lever 9 is articulated. The pull lever 9 is with a rotatable deflecting element 10 connected with a linear damper 11 is coupled.

The damper 11 has a cup-shaped damper housing 12 on, from which a piston rod 13 protrudes. The piston rod 13 is with the deflecting element 10 articulated. At the to the piston rod 13 opposite side of the damper housing 12 this is rotatable on the side part 3 stored. The side part 3 is via a spring-loaded locking lever 15 on the mounting plate 4 fixable.

In 4 the hinge is shown with its parts in an exploded view. Between the support lever 7 and the guide lever 8th is a spring 18 provided the two thighs 19 and 20 and the hinge part 2 can bias in an open or closed position.

In the 5A to 5G is the one for the damping behavior during the closing movement of the hinge part 2 relevant part of the hinge 1 shown. The hinge part 2 is about an axis 21 with the support lever 7 and about an axis 22 with the guide lever 8th connected. Between support lever 7 and guide levers 8th is the spring 18 arranged, with the spring 18 is designed as a leg spring and in its helical area about an axis 23 is rotatably mounted, wherein the axis 23 also the pivot bearing of the support lever 7 on the side panel 3 forms. The guide lever 8th is on the side panel 3 over an axis 24 rotatably mounted.

At the guide lever 8th is a boom 25 formed on which an axis 26 is provided at the the pull lever 9 is rotatably mounted. At the opposite end of the pull lever 9 is an axis 29 provided that the pull lever 9 with the lever 10 combines. The deflecting element 10 is on the side panel 3 around an axis 27 stored, with the axis 27 between the axis 29 for connection to the pull lever 9 and an axis 28 for coupling the deflecting element 10 with the piston rod 13 is arranged. Furthermore, there is still a snap-in receptacle 30 on the damper housing 12 on the piston rod 13 shown away from the side, so that the damper housing 12 at the catch recording 30 rotatable with the side part 3 is connected and lateral forces on the piston rod 13 be avoided. By an embodiment of the connection between the piston rod 13 and axis 28 as a detent recording, the damper 11 also be retrofitted.

In 5A is the hinge part 2 shown in the maximum open position, wherein a first leg 19 the feather 18 on the axis 22 rests and the second leg 20 on a pulley 40 ( 4 ), attached to the axle 26 is stored.

In 5B is the position of the hinge part 2 shown at the hinge part 2 was moved from the maximum opening position to an opening angle of about 85 °. The thigh 19 the feather 18 is now at the same time on the axis 22 as well as the axis 21 and is in this position, so to speak, from the axis 22 to the axis 21 From the maximum open position up to the opening angle of 85 ° is determined by the spring 18 no spring force initiated as the spring 18 Although it is curious, but about the axis 26 turns and the angular position of the thighs 19 and 20 remains largely constant.

In a further closing movement of the hinge part 2 becomes the thigh 19 through the axis 21 moved, leaving the spring 18 is even further excited. The opposite leg 20 lies next to the pulley 40 on the axis 26 at. The feather 18 thus acts in a range between about 85 ° and 55 ° (see 5C ) in the opening direction of the door or the hinge part 2 , ie contrary to the closing movement. The damper acts only slightly in this hinge position, since the angular positions of the coupling links boom 25 on the guide lever 8th , Pull lever 9 and bellcrank 10 pretend so.

In 5D the opening position of the hinge part is shown at an angle of about 55 °. When this opening angle is reached, the axes form 21 . 22 and 24 a line. The feather 18 is in the maximum cocked position in which the thighs 19 and 20 are spread apart maximally. When this situation is gone through, and the hinge part 2 is moved further in the closing direction, the spring begins 18 to act in the closing direction and it enters the so-called self-suit. However, at the beginning due to friction, tolerances and other influences, the slight force of the spring 18 is not noticeable, lies the real self-tightening angle at which the hinge part 2 is biased in the closed position, at about 40 °.

The damper 11 is through the deflecting element 10 From an opening angle of about 45 ° noticeably actuated, and here by a certain idle stroke, Toleran zen and other influences damping only at an angle between 30 ° and 40 ° clearly noticeable. This is related to the fact that the damper 11 in an opening area, between an opening angle of 30 ° and the closing position by more than 60%, preferably more than 70%, of its entire stroke is moved, but in the opening area outside 30 ° performs only a small lifting movement.

To after exceeding the extended position, the working stroke of the spring 18 to reduce, and at the same time keep the forces acting on the system in the closing direction sufficiently high, is the leg 20 on the pulley 40 tracked, that is, after passing through the extended position of the leg 20 by the storage of the pulley 40 on the axis 26 moves counterclockwise while the thigh 19 by storage on the axle 21 is also moved counterclockwise. The relative movement of the legs 19 and 20 is thus very low and the spring 18 pivoted about the axis 23 , In this respect, it is possible the spring force when closing the hinge part 2 initially rise and then drop again.

In 5F is the hinge part 2 shown in an open position of about 25 °. The feather 18 Now press the hinge part 2 in the closed position, with the spring 18 over the thighs 19 and 20 is curious. In this position then when closing the deflecting element 10 around the axis 27 rotated and causes a larger stroke of the piston rod 13 relative to the damper housing 12 as in the previous closing movement of the hinge part 2 ,

In 5G the hinge is shown in an overhanging angle where the hinge part 2 has already been moved slightly over the closed position. Only in this Überschließposition practices the spring 18 no more power over the thighs 19 and 20 on the hinge part 2 out. This ensures that at normal closing angle (0 °) the hinge part 2 through the spring 18 is biased in the closed position. In the closed position is the piston rod 13 in the almost maximum retracted position in the damper 12 arranged.

As a damper, a linear damper can be used, as he, for example, in the application PCT / EP 2007/051849 is disclosed. Other types of linear dampers can be used.

In 6 is a representation of the damping path dependent on the opening angle of the hinge 2 , By the translation of the closing movement of the hinge part 2 through the guide lever 8th , the pull lever 9 , the deflection element 10 on the damper 11 arise depending on the opening angle predetermined ratios that ensure optimal closing. As can be seen from the graph, takes place up to an opening angle of 45 ° in a closing movement less than 10% of the total stroke of the damper, so that the piston rod 13 only slightly in the damper housing 12 emotional. There are hardly noticeable damping forces generated, but at higher speed already achieve an effect so that a moving furniture part is braked down without preventing the safe closure. For most linear dampers, an idle stroke of approx. 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm, in particular 1 mm to 1.3 mm, must also be taken into account. As a result, it is ensured in the construction that the damper is only noticeably effective in an angle range between 30 ° and 45 °.

The hinge is designed so that the damper initially generates weak damping forces during a closing movement, which then increase at a constant closing speed. Because the working stroke of the damper rises in an opening range between an opening angle of 25 ° and the closed position almost linearly, while at larger opening angles of the damper is hardly moved relative to the closing movement. The gear ratio is chosen so that in an opening region between the closed position and an open position of 15 ° per degree closing movement of the hinge part a working stroke between 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm.

there The working stroke of the damper does not stop abruptly, but rises curved. This will ensure that no jerking forces on the damper but the kinetic energy of a furniture door initially slightly damped.

The changing translation of the pivoting movement of the hinge part 2 on the damper stroke is due to the angular positions of boom 25 on the guide lever 8th , Pull lever 9 and bellcrank 10 reached each other. At a large opening angle, these are almost in line, especially jib 25 and pull lever 9 , at small opening angles, however, almost at right angles, causing the pull lever 9 the movement of the jib 25 very directly on the lever 10 transfers.

The transmission ratio between the hinge part 2 and the damper 11 is designed so that at an opening angle of the hinge part 2 from approximately 80 ° to 110 °, the angular positions of the boom 25 on the guide lever 8th and pull lever 9 approximately 180 °, ie the axis 24 of the guide lever 8th , the axis 26 for supporting one side of the pull lever 9 and the axis 29 for storage of the opposite side of the pull lever 9 on the lever 10 lie in about a line. It forms the lever 10 an acute angle with the pull lever 9 trains. At an opening angle of the hinge part 2 from approximately 0 ° to 40 ° form the angular positions of boom 25 on the guide lever 8th and pull lever 9 approximately a right angle of 90 °, in particular the connecting lines of the axes 24 . 26 and 29 , where the bellcrank 10 also a right angle with the pull lever 9 trains, in which case the axes 26 . 29 and 27 can be connected to each other via two approximately perpendicular crossing lines.

In 7 is the closing force of the spring 18 represented relative to the opening angle. As can be seen from the graph, the spring pushes 18 the hinge part 2 in a self-tightening area in the closed position. The power of the spring 18 has a maximum value in an opening angle range between 15 ° and 25 °, and then decreases until the force of the spring 18 reaches a minimum value between 50 ° and 75 °. This will increase the maximum stress on the spring 18 limited.

In 8th the speed of the closing speed is shown relative to the opening angle, with different initial closing speeds. Depending on the speed of the closing movement, damping must first be applied to slow down the door. The braking range is approximately between 45 ° and 15 °. The higher the initial speed, the later a low final speed is achieved. At a smaller angle, the damper force increases due to the changing leverage (see 6 ), which ensures that even at very high initial speeds is effectively slowed down.

The closing speed is just before the closing position, for example in a range between 0 ° and at least 3 ° approximately linearly constant. After slowing down the kinetic energy, the system works autonomously, ie the force of the spring 18 and the damper determine the closing speed.

Before the linear final velocity is reached, small "undershoots" are drawn in, ie an undershooting of the final closing speed. These undershoots are due to elastic behavior of individual hinge components. During heavy deceleration they are tensioned by the movement and then spring back as soon as the damping force subsides. Thanks to the rigid design of all components and in particular the articulated connections, the result is a low "rebound" effect without zero crossing of the speed, so there is no knocking back of the hinge part 2 ,

As in 8th can be seen starts from about 45 ° self-suit by the spring 18 , braked by the damper.

There the damper is a speed-dependent force contrary to the closing direction and the spring but a speed independent Force in the closing direction also provides higher closing initial speeds Effectively slowed down, so that in the last angle range before the Close the closing speed independently from the initial closing speed.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 202006003196 [0002]
• EP 1555372 [0003]
• - EP 2007/051849 [0041]

Claims (18)

Hinge ( 1 ), in particular for furniture, with one on a door ( 6 ) or flap lockable hinge part ( 2 ), which via a support lever ( 7 ) and a guide lever ( 8th ) pivotable on a side part ( 3 ) is mounted, wherein the side part ( 3 ) on one on a furniture body ( 5 ) mountable mounting plate ( 4 ), at least one spring ( 18 ), by means of which the hinge part ( 2 ) is biased in a self-tightening area in a closed position and a linear damper ( 11 ) with a relative to a damper housing ( 12 ) movable piston rod ( 13 ) for damping a closing movement of the hinge part ( 2 ), characterized in that the damper ( 11 ) is designed as a pressure damper and a deflecting element ( 10 ) provided with the damper ( 11 ) is coupled and during a closing movement of the hinge part ( 2 ) via a pull lever ( 9 ) is movable. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflecting element ( 10 ) rotatable on the side part ( 3 ) is supported and by the deflecting element ( 10 ) a tensile force by the pull lever ( 9 ) in a pressure force on the damper ( 11 ) is converted. Hinge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the damper ( 11 ) during the closing operation between an opening angle of the hinge part ( 2 ) of at least 25 °, preferably at least 40 ° and a closed position is effective. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the damper ( 11 ) is moved in an opening area between an opening angle of 30 ° and the closing position by more than 60%, preferably more than 70% of its total stroke. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stroke of the damper ( 11 ) is in a range between 4 to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the transmission ratio between the pivot angle of the hinge part ( 2 ) and stroke of the damper ( 11 ) during a closing movement of the hinge part ( 2 ) is in a range to 15 ° before the closed position per degree closing movement 0.06 to 0.24 mm, preferably 0.14 to 0.18 mm. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spring ( 18 ) is effective in a first opening area adjacent to the closing position in the closing direction and in a second opening area, the spring ( 18 ) the hinge part ( 2 ) in the opening direction. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spring ( 18 ) is formed as a leg spring, the first with the hinge part ( 2 ) coupled legs ( 19 ) and a second with an axis ( 26 ) on the boom ( 25 ) of the guide lever ( 8th ) coupled legs ( 20 ) having. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spring ( 18 ) rotatable on an axis ( 23 ) of the support lever ( 7 ) is stored. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spring ( 18 ) to prevent overstretching during pivoting of the hinge part ( 2 ) is tracked in the maximum opening position. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the spring force of the spring ( 18 ) reaches a maximum value in an opening angle range between 15 ° to 45 °, preferably 20 ° to 40 °. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the axis ( 26 ) coupled legs ( 20 ) the feather ( 18 ) on a pulley ( 40 ) is present. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the self-tightening angle of the hinge part ( 2 ) by the spring ( 18 ) is in a range between 20 ° to 50 °, preferably between 25 ° to 35 °. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the damper ( 11 ) and the spring ( 18 ) are designed so that during a closing movement of the hinge part ( 2 ) is present in an opening area between 0 ° and 4 °, preferably 0 ° and 8 °, a substantially constant closing speed. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the deflecting element ( 10 ) with the piston rod ( 13 ) which is displaceable in the cup-shaped damper housing ( 12 ) is guided. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the damper housing ( 12 ) on the piston rod ( 13 ) facing away from the side part rotatable ( 3 ) is stored. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the Dämpferge housing ( 12 ) and / or the piston rod ( 13 ) is connected via latching means with the deflecting element or the side part. Hinge according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the transmission ratio between hinge part ( 2 ) and dampers ( 11 ) is such that at an opening angle of the hinge part ( 2 ) of approximately 80 ° to 110 °, the angular positions of boom ( 25 ) on the guide lever ( 8th ) and pull lever ( 9 ) approximately 180 °, wherein the lever ( 10 ) make an acute angle with the pull lever ( 9 ) forms, and at an opening angle of the hinge part ( 2 ) of approximately 0 ° to 40 ° the angular positions of boom ( 25 ) on the guide lever ( 8th ) and pull lever ( 9 ) approximately 90 °, wherein the lever ( 10 ) also an approximately 90 ° angle with the pull lever ( 9 ).