DE202004002815U1 - Exercise machine has back support, two upper thigh supports and force biasing devices with actuating element attached at number of points in imaginary plane perpendicular next to thigh support - Google Patents

Abstract

The exercise machine has a back support (1), two upper thigh supports (2) set side by side and connected to the back support to pivot independently of each other, and one or more force biasing devices (4). One or more actuating elements (3) are provided each of which can be attached at a number of points in an imaginary plane stretched perpendicular next to a thigh support. A gas compression spring is in active connection with the back support and thigh support whilst at least one locking means allows the thigh supports to be fixed at a number of swivel positions.

Description

The invention relates to a training device, in particular a training device for training the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus muscle femoris.

In patients who have a predominantly sedentary activity exercise or who have recovered from a leg injury is due to the Lack of exercise a shortening watching the muscles of the leg. Of these, the ischiocrural muscles are common and the rectus femoris muscle is affected. To mobilize such Patients become stretching exercises carried out, that strengthen the muscles and the muscles gradually extend again. The execution such stretching exercises must be planned and accompanied physiotherapeutically to avoid overloads and prevent injuries.

Such overloads occur particularly frequently or injuries because of the muscles to be treated forces due to an incorrect position of the musculoskeletal system during exercises by other muscle groups and the spine must be compensated. In particular, this becomes a problem when trying to do the exercises usual training equipment perform.

The load on the support and The musculoskeletal system is at its lowest when it succeeds in moving the spine in hold the zero position so that forces are not supported have to. Conventional. training equipment take this into account Insufficient requirement. Evasive movements then occur of the body, so that not only the target muscles are trained, but at the same time other muscle groups due to the ones that occur due to the deformation Leverage on the skeleton. This results in an increased risk of injury for the Patients.

For leaves every muscle specify an optimal work area. This is usually close above half its maximum length, more specifically at a sarcomere length of 2.0 to 3.0 µm. The the corresponding information on this in the specialist literature differ somewhat. However, if the muscles are shortened for the reasons explained above, this is the area outside the physiological norm and everyday or sport specific Movements are limited executable.

Training devices for general are known Muscle training as well as for targeted use of individual muscles or muscle groups for that Fitness training as well as for therapeutic purposes, in a variety of executions.

Out DE 44 04 855 A1 a sprint strength training device is known. With this device, isolated training of the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus femoris muscle and thus functional training of the essential tasks of the muscles concerned is not possible. During the game leg phase, hyperextension in the knee joint is prevented, the spine is not locked and the hip angles cannot be adjusted exactly. This is why evasive movements and the associated negative side effects occur in the event of one-sided loading.

Out DE 195 43 308 A1 such as DE 195 04 056 A1 Training devices are known which serve in particular to strengthen the thigh muscles. Through contact with the sole of the foot, training is always carried out in a closed system, ie all leg muscles are stressed at the same time. An isolated training of the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus femoris muscle is therefore not possible., Aus DE 195 39 680 A1 Kinetic furniture, training devices and body correction movement systems are known in which an isolated training of the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus femoris muscle is not possible and in which training in a pre-stretched position is also not possible.

Out DE 35 29 636 A1 a device for training the legs is known in which training is always carried out in closed system through contact with the soles of the feet, ie all leg muscles are stressed simultaneously. An isolated training of the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus femoris muscle is therefore not possible.

From WO 99/22821 A1 and WO 98/43707 A1 are training devices for muscle strengthening known in which an isolated training of the ischiocrural muscles and the rectus femoris muscle is not possible.

Accordingly, from the state of the art Technology not a training device known for training the ischiocrural muscles and of the rectus femoris muscle of a single leg of a patient possible would. Therefore the object of the present invention is to create a training device, which is a training of the ischiocrural muscles and the muscle rectus femoris of a single leg of a patient and that at the same time the patient's lumbar spine locks that preventive movements of the punctum fixum effectively prevents become.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a training device with the features of the main claim. Advantageous further training the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

The training device according to the invention contains a Back support, two side-by-side thigh pads that are independent of each other pivotable and fixable at a plurality of pivot positions with the backrest are connected, at least one force application device and at least one actuator, each actuator in a vertical position next to a thigh support Level, i.e. in a parallel to the swivel plane of a thigh support lying plane is attachable to a plurality of points.

The backrest is known Way arranged horizontally so that the patient is supine can take. At one end of the backrest are two thigh pads arranged. You are with the back pad pivoted so that each thigh support from the horizontal Position regardless of the position of the other thigh support either upwards or down panned and in a selectable Swivel position can be locked. The swivel bearings are useful Thigh pads arranged so that both thigh pads be pivoted about the same spatial axis, since both are human Thighs bent around the same spatial axis due to the arrangement of the hip joints become.

The positions of the thigh pads (swivel angle) in terms of the backrest can be selected continuously or at angular intervals. To achieve a The training device has continuous adjustability in one advantageous embodiment of the invention at least one gas pressure spring as well as suitable locking means. Every gas pressure spring stands with the backrest and with a thigh pad so operatively connected that when Solving the Locking means, such as a clamping screw, an automatic adjustment of the respective thigh support takes place. Is the desired position reached, the locking means is reattached so that the thigh rest remains in the current position.

For one if possible inexpensive embodiment the invention is an adjustment of the thigh pads at intervals intended. To this end, another is advantageous Embodiment of the invention between each thigh pad and the backrest arranged a grid element. The grid element can, for example, consist of two curved flat steel bars same curvature exist with a hole grid, the hole spacing at two flat steel bars are the same, and a pin that the relative position of the flat steel bars to each other fixed when it is inserted through a hole in each of the two flat steel rods becomes. One of the two flat steel bars has one end on the Fixed underside of the respective thigh support and the other flat steel bar is with one end at the bottom of the backrest attached so that their hole pattern when swiveling move the respective thigh support over each other. Come the holes of both flat steel bars to cover, so the Pin be inserted into a pair of holes in both flat steel bars. This will the pivot position of the thigh support in question.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is a fixative on every thigh support for spatial Fixation of the respective thigh of the patient arranged. The fixing means preferably consists of a cushion roll, those above the knee of each leg in a selectable Distance to the thigh support can be set so that the thigh of the Patient can be fixed effectively.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the thigh pads are individually by one Swivel bearing with the backrest connected. This allows them independent from each other relative to the backrest be pivoted. However, the pivot bearings are in the plane of the back support or arranged close to it, it necessarily results that a relative shift between the thigh and thigh pad occurs when a Thigh rest is pivoted, for example because an exercise with changed flexion angles the legs are to be continued. This also draws a relative shift between the thigh and the fixative for spatial Fixation of the thigh and between the pivot point of the knee joint and the fulcrum of the actuator after itself. This makes it necessary to readjust the training device.

To the need for readjustments reduce, points in an advantageous embodiment of the invention each thigh rest on a swivel lever, on the free At the end of a pivot bearing is arranged, the pivot point above the level of the backrest is arranged. This is the pivot point of the pivot bearing nearby the hip joints of the patient, which means that when the thigh support is adjusted Occurring relative shifts between the thigh and the thigh support can be greatly reduced. The exercise can in most cases continue without readjustment.

In an advantageous embodiment the invention, the pivot bearings above the level of the backrest in the longitudinal direction or / and displaceable perpendicular to the level of the backrest and arranged fixable at a plurality of positions. This is it possible the pivot point of the pivot bearing depending on the patient's anatomy adapt exactly to the respective position of the hip joints so that those explained above Relative shifts completely be eliminated. Readjustment is no longer necessary.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is each pivot bearing in a console that is on the long side the backrest longitudinal adjustable led is adjustable in height stored.

The training device according to the invention contains at least one known force application device, for example a weight tower with a cable or chain hoist and a deflection roller. Such an application of force is expedient on each side of the backrest direction arranged so that the training device can be used in a simple manner to load each lower leg. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, a force application device and two actuating elements can also be provided, which can optionally be brought into operative connection with the force application device by means of a force transmission device, for example a cable or chain hoist. This allows the weight and costs of the training device to be reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment the invention is the force application device and the actuating element designed as an integrated assembly, the force application device, for example, as a spiral or torsion spring is. In this embodiment of the invention, it is useful to each side of the exercise machine to provide a force application device with an actuating element. The advantage of this embodiment consists in the compact design and the low weight.

Since the training device according to the invention mainly for Every operating element must serve to strain the leg muscles near one Thigh support can be arranged. To define an actuator at several points within a vertically next to a thigh support spanned plane are in one embodiment of the invention to the side of the backrest vertical walls, z. B. vertical steel plates with a hole pattern Fastening the actuators arranged, causing the actuators dependent from the length of the thigh and the one you want Flexion angles are attachable.

The force application device is advantageous arranged or executed that power transmission from the actuator to the force application device regardless of the current spatial Arrangement of the actuator is. When using a known, from a weight tower and an existing force application device and an eccentric disc with a lever as an actuator can do this a suitable roller arrangement for deflecting the cable or chain hoist between the weights and the eccentric disc. For this purpose, a pulley is arranged above the weight tower, that the power transmission serving cable or chain hoist the eccentric disc within the Adjustment range of the same starts from a selectable direction.

In an advantageous embodiment the invention is the force application device and the actuating element integrated in a common assembly, for example by Use of a coil spring and a lever arrangement for power transmission. In this case, no cable pull and no deflection devices needed for that the force application device its position with the actuating element changed and thereby the power transmission from the actuator to the force application device regardless of the current spatial Arrangement of the actuator is.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is every actuator attached to a thigh pad. This will make the actuator pivoted when swiveling the thigh support. The time-consuming renovation of the actuator within the hole pattern of a wall as in the simple embodiment deleted as well as the associated limitation to a relatively small number discrete positions for the actuator.

Each actuator is advantageous by an adjustable fastening device on a thigh support attached so that it is in the longitudinal direction this thigh support is slidable and fixable. Thereby becomes the actuator when swiveling the thigh support pivoted so that only its position relative to the thigh support according to the length of the thigh of the patient must be set. Here is the actuator in terms of the thigh support above it arranged so that its pivot point is about half a knee depth above the thigh support located. This vertical distance of the actuating element is also advantageous selectable for the thigh support, by being slidable in the vertical direction and at a plurality of positions is arranged determinable.

This makes the pivot point of the Actuator - one of the leg length appropriate length adjustment of the patient, as described above, provided - approximately at the pivot point of the Knee joint. This ensures that the setting remains the same the force application device the load on the leg constant remains as the active lever length of the lower leg because of the unchanged relative position between leg and actuator remains the same when moving. Would be the fulcrum of the actuator do not match that of the knee joint, so would the active lever length of the lower leg during of actuation change, what despite the constant setting of the force application device during the driving operation to a variable torque to lead would. Such changes in torque are dependent on the diffraction angle of the lower leg for ergonomic reasons in certain circumstances quite desirable however, these become better and more defined by a corresponding one Design of the force application device, for example the Eccentric disc, reached.

For effective pelvic fixation of the patient against unwanted The backrest has twists in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention Tension belt on. This ensures that the Load on a single leg created moment around the body's longitudinal axis not be compensated for by the patient’s spine and back muscles got to.

The patient lies with to perform the exercise Buttocks and back on the backrest. The thighs rest on one thigh pad each. The thigh pads can be fixed at different swivel angles with respect to the backrest. The The lower leg of the leg U1 to be loaded is in contact with the Actuator for example, in the area of the Achilles tendon on an am End of a lever arranged cushion roll rests. To perform the exercise this lower leg U1 against that by the force application device Defined resistance bent. The other lower leg U2 and both thighs O1, O2 remain unchanged in their position during the exercise. For example the thigh of the leg O1 to be loaded can be selected by a Angle raised from the horizontal while the other thigh O2 is slightly lowered so that the lower leg belonging to it U2 is parked relaxed on the floor. The flexion of the lower leg U1 strains the ischiocrural muscles of the associated leg isolated, i.e. other muscle groups of this leg and even more so The muscles of the other leg are not stressed.

Using examples and figures the invention is intended to be closer explained become. Show

1 a training device according to the invention in side view, 2 a detail out 1 in an enlarged view,

2 a schematic representation of the adjustability of the thigh pads.

1 shows the exercise device according to the invention in a side view. The training device contains

• - a backrest ( 1 ) with two on each side of the backrest ( 1 ) longitudinally arranged rails ( 11 ) and two in one of the rails ( 11 ) sliding and lockable consoles ( 12 ) each with a height-adjustable bearing holder ( 13 )
• - two at one end of the backrest ( 1 ) Thigh pads swiveling next to each other ( 2 ) each with a height-adjustable fixation device ( 21 ), a length-adjustable swivel lever ( 22 ) with a lockable swivel bearing ( 23 ), on the thigh support ( 2 ) laterally arranged adjustable fastening devices, each consisting of a length-adjustable telescopic rod ( 24 ) and a height-adjustable telescopic rod ( 25 ) each with a height-adjustable bearing holder ( 26 )
• - two actuators ( 3 ), each consisting of an eccentric disc ( 31 ) with a pivot bearing ( 32 ) and a length-adjustable lever ( 33 ) with a cushion roll ( 34 )
• - as well as two force application devices ( 4 ), each consisting of a weight tower ( 41 ), a cable pull ( 42 ) and a pulley ( 43 ).

For the function of the training device, it is sufficient if only one actuating element ( 3 ) and a force application device ( 4 ) are present, which would then have to be positioned on the corresponding side of the backrest according to the exercise to be carried out.

The backrest ( 1 ) is carried out horizontally in the exemplary embodiment. However, it can also be designed to be adjustable, so that an inclined sitting or lying position of the patient is possible. At one end of the backrest ( 1 ) are two thigh pads ( 2 ) arranged side by side and by swivel lever ( 22 ) and swivel bearing ( 23 ) so on the backrest ( 1 ) attached that the thigh pads ( 2 ) can be swiveled upwards or downwards separately from one another and can be fixed in both swivel directions according to a freely selectable swivel angle. The swivel bearings ( 23 ) via integrated locking means, not shown.

The weight tower ( 41 ) of the force application device ( 4 ) is on the side next to the backrest ( 1 ) arranged. In it, several weights can be connected to one another in a known manner, arranged individually or jointly displaceably in the vertical direction and lifted by means of a lifting device. Above the weight tower ( 41 ) is a pulley ( 43 ) arranged. One from the lifting device of the weight tower ( 41 ) over the deflection roller ( 43 ) to the eccentric disc ( 31 ) running cable ( 42 ) ensures the power transmission between the actuating element ( 3 ) and the force application device ( 4 ).

For better clarity, in 2 a thigh support and the associated or adjoining components are shown enlarged.

The swivel bearings ( 23 ) from the inventory ( 13 ) the consoles ( 12 ) added on both sides of the backrest ( 1 ) in the longitudinally arranged rails ( 11 ) are guided and can thus be determined in this direction at each selected point. The vertical position of the bearings ( 13 ) on the consoles ( 12 ) is also freely selectable, which means that the location of the swivel bearings ( 23 ) the thigh pads ( 2 ) within one vertically next to the backrest ( 1 ) freely select the spanned plane and thus adjust it to the position of the hip joint.

Every thigh support ( 2 ) has in its swivel bearing ( 23 ) away third by means of a fixative ( 21 ), for example an upholstery roll that runs across the thigh support ( 2 ) running at a freely selectable distance above the thigh support ( 2 ) is arranged to be fixable. This allows the fixative ( 21 ) can be adapted to different thigh diameters of patients.

On the outside of each thigh pad ( 2 ) is a length-adjustable telescopic rod ( 24 ) arranged. This telescopic rod ( 24 ) consists in the embodiment of two mutually displaceable partial rods made of square hollow profiles. The square cross-section of the partial rods prevents relative rotation of the partial rods. The partial bars can also have other cross sections, as long as they can be moved into one another and relative rotation is excluded.

The part rod with the larger cross section is connected to the thigh support ( 2 ) firmly connected and has on the outside a slot, not shown, running along the rod. The partial rod with the smaller cross section is slidably arranged in the partial rod and has a threaded bore, not shown. A knurled screw, not shown, which can be screwed into the threaded bore of the other partial rod from the outside of one partial rod through its slot, locks the partial rods relative to one another when it is tightened. The total length of the telescopic rod ( 24 ) freely selectable depending on the patient's thigh length.

At the free end of the telescopic rod ( 24 ) is a telescopic rod ( 25 ) with a bearing ( 26 ) arranged due to the length adjustability of the telescopic rod ( 24 ) can be set in the longitudinal direction at each selected point. The location of the inventory ( 26 ) on the telescopic rod ( 25 ), ie perpendicular to the axis of the telescopic rod ( 24 ) is also freely selectable, which means that the position of the pivot bearing ( 32 ) of the actuator ( 3 ) within one vertically next to the thigh support ( 2 ) freely select the spanned plane and thus adapt it to the position of the knee joint.

In the warehouse ( 26 ) the console ( 25 ) engages the pivot bearing ( 32 ) of the actuator ( 3 ), which continues from one on the pivot bearing ( 32 ) mounted eccentric disc ( 31 ) and a length-adjustable lever attached to it ( 33 ) and one at its free end perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lever ( 33 ) arranged upholstery roll ( 34 ) consists. The actuating element ( 3 ) rotatable on the thigh support ( 2 ) arranged. The lever ( 33 ) is analogous to the telescopic rod ( 24 ) adjustable in length, which allows the lever length to be adapted to the lower leg length of patients.

The lever ( 33 ) is on the eccentric disc ( 31 ) detachably attached in the radial direction. On the eccentric disc ( 31 ) are several different radial arrangements of the lever ( 33 ) intended. As a result, different flexion angles of the lower leg can be selected as the starting point for the exercise.

The adjustability of the thigh pads ( 2 ) is based on 3 explained in more detail.

The angle between the backrest ( 1 ) and the thigh pads ( 2 ) is for both thigh pads ( 2 ) separately adjustable. If the right leg is to be trained, the thigh support ( 2 ) of the left leg, for example at an angle of 180 ° (ie in direct extension of the back support), the thigh support ( 2 ) of the right leg at an angle of 120 ° (ie raised by 60 °) to the back support ( 1 ) can be fixed. This causes the left rectus femoris muscle to stretch, while the right rectus femoris muscle relaxes. This relaxes the left ischiocrural muscles, while the right is stretched.

Below is how it works of the exercise device according to the invention using the example of a training of the left ischiocrural muscles.

The lumbar spine is fixed by the right leg in extension position (extension position) in the hip joint (individually different) locked. This will prevent unwanted movements and Loads on the lumbar spine prevented.

The left thigh is positioned so that the left ischiocrural muscles are trained from a pre-stretched position by bending the left lower leg against resistance.

The above starting position also serves training the right rectus femoris muscle, now using a stretching motion against resistance in the right knee joint.

The remaining portions of the quadriceps muscle Femoris become independent from the hip position trained, since the rectus femoris muscle is always also trained (and this creates a pull on the pelvis and lumbar spine), advantageous positioning is also necessary here. This is problem-free with the training device according to the invention possible.

The function of the ischiocrural muscles in Walking or running consists of overstretching in the knee joint prevent. The training device according to the invention imitated the hip joint positions and knees when walking or running. This is not just a pure one Strength training possible, but it can movement patterns can also be trained. This corresponds to neuromuscular training.

A typical example of injury patterns in soccer players are injuries to the ischiocrural muscles, which occur especially towards the end of the game by taking a very long step, getting the player involved in a tackle, or moving the leg very far forward or upwards must to reach the ball. As a result, the ischiocrural muscles of the leg are ver last. Possible explanations for this are energetic exhaustion in the affected muscles or central nervous exhaustion and poor control of the muscles. If the affected muscles are poorly trained, there is a disposition to damage the muscles.

The training device according to the invention can in all areas of leisure and competitive sports and physiotherapy, especially in the fitness and weight training area for isolated muscle building from aesthetic Establish, in (competitive) sport to correct muscular imbalances while increasing the capacity and reduction of susceptibility to injuries and in rehabilitation, especially in the treatment of structural or functional reductions the target muscles due to different clinical pictures or the repair of neuromuscular Dysfunction, i.e. Troubleshooting the neural control of the muscle.

1

back support

11

rail

12

console

13

bearing seat

2

thigh support

21

fixative

22

pivoting lever

23

pivot bearing

24

adjustable length telescoping rod

25

height-adjustable telescoping rod

26

bearing seat

3

actuator

31

eccentric

32

pivot bearing

33

lever

34

padded roll

4

Kraftbeaufschlagungseinrichtung

41

weight tower

42

cable

43

idler pulley

Claims (17)

Training device containing a backrest 1 , two side by side, with the backrest 1 independently pivotable and connected to a plurality of pivot positions fixed thigh pads 2 , at least one force application device 4 and at least one actuator 3 , with each actuator 3 in a vertical position next to a thigh rest 2 imaginary plane can be attached at a plurality of points. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is at least one with the backrest 1 and with a thigh pad 2 has a gas pressure spring in operative connection and at least one locking means. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is at least one with the backrest 1 and with a thigh pad 2 has a grid element in operative connection. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least one thigh support 2 an adjustable fixative 21 is arranged. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each thigh support 2 a swivel bearing 23 having. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each thigh support 2 a swivel lever 22 has a pivot bearing at its free end 23 is arranged, the fulcrum above the level of the backrest 1 is arranged. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each pivot bearing 23 in the longitudinal direction of the backrest 1 or / and perpendicular to the level of the backrest 1 can be determined at a plurality of points. Training device according to claim 7, characterized in that each pivot bearing 23 in a console 12 height-adjustable, which is on the long side of the backrest 1 is guided adjustable in the longitudinal direction. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each actuating element 3 an eccentric disc 31 , a pivot bearing 32 , a lever 33 and a cushion roll 34 and any force application device 4 a weight storm 41 , a rope or chain hoist 42 and a pulley 43 contains. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a force application device 4 and two actuators 3 having. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the force application device 4 and the actuator 3 are an integral part of the same assembly. Training device according to claim 10, characterized in that the application of force direction 4 is a spiral or torsion spring. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that there is at least one perpendicular to the backrest 1 arranged plate or wall, on which an actuating element 3 is attachable to a plurality of points. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that each actuating element 3 with a thigh pad 2 connected is. Training device according to claim 14 , characterized in that each actuator 3 by means of an adjustable fastening device with a thigh support 2 is connected so that the position of the actuator 3 relative to the thigh support 2 along the longitudinal direction of this thigh pad 2 or / and vertically displaceable and attachable. Training device according to claim 15, characterized in that the adjustable fastening device from at least one telescopic rod which can be fixed in a plurality of length settings 24 and at least one telescopic rod that can be defined in a plurality of length settings 25 consists. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the back support 1 has a tension belt for fixing the pelvis.