DE20122005U1 - Intensive purification of mechanically, organically and/or biologically contaminated water, employs filtration and sintered distributors of pressurized, ionized air - Google Patents

Abstract

Raw water is passed through filters and then into the reactor. Air is activated using an ionizer to charge it with positive and negative oxygen ions. The ionized air is then supplied at 1.2-3.5 bar through a sintered material for a number of minutes, into the water filling the reactor. The treated water is then further filtered. An independent claim is included for corresponding apparatus comprising: (I) combinations of various filter arrangements (2, 4, 5); (II) pumps (3); (III) ionizer (7) with large-area anodes and cathodes and air passages; (IV) a reactor with inlets and outlets for water and ionized air, the latter being supplied to the sintered glass distributors (9); (V) a final filter (11); and (VI) a processed water tank. Appropriate pipework, control valves (V1-V5) and sensors (S1, S2) are included.

Description

The invention relates to a device (Plant) for the preparation of mechanical, organic or biological contaminated water (raw water) through intensive treatment of the Water with air as an oxidant.

The preparation of mechanical, organically and / or biologically contaminated water is an important one Problem of environmental protection and water production.

Many water treatments are based on the addition of chlorine and chlorine gas, hydrogen peroxide or others Oxidants. Electrical processes after addition are also known of sodium chloride.

All previous water treatments have the disadvantage of adding chemical additives or of consumption more substantial Amounts of electrical energy. Especially the addition of special chemicals may include adverse effects.

The object of the invention was therefore in a device for water treatment (plant) too develop where these drawbacks of exposure to special Oxidizing agents and high energy consumption can be avoided.

The device (scheme according to 1 ) for the treatment of mechanically, organically or biologically contaminated water (raw water) consists according to the invention

• - combinations of different filter arrangements ( 32 . 34 and 35 )
• - filling pumps ( 33 )
• - ionization module (see 2 ) with large-area cathodes and anodes and air inlets and outlets for the partial ionization of air,
• - reactors (see 3 ) with inlets and outlets for water and the ionized air, the air under pressure over a large area over glass frits ( 39 ) is introduced
• - a post filter ( 49 ) and a finished water tank ( 50 ), whereby the individual modules are connected by pipes and the material flows are controlled by valves and sensors.

The ionization module ( 2 ), consisting of

• a) an air flow ionization element ( 1 ) each with a large anode braid ( 3 ) and cathode braid ( 4 ) in a housing ( 2 ) with electrical connections ( 1 ) and air intake and exhaust and
• b) a differentiator, in which a housing frame ( 62 ) Power supplies ( 61 ) are located.

By arranging several successive ionization elements, consisting of a Stainless steel grid and a stainless steel foil, becomes a large surface targeted charge of air ions generated. Thus, by a slow flow the oxygen molecules in the air are loaded as best as possible. Is significant thereby a more than 5 times the reaction surface compared to the normal surface in the External dimensions.

As a result, the ionization capacity of the new ionizer with the differentiator ( 5 ) with a mesh size of about 0.8 mm, mesh diameter 0.63 mm, compared to the previously known ionizers, which only have the outer surface of a glass tube or the free cross-sectional area for ionization, more than 5 times the performance compared to conventional methods. Depending on the water quality requirements, the differentiator creates the balance between positive and negative air ions.

By discharging the air existing oxygen molecules positive and negative charged air ions are generated. The loaded ones Air ions have the property of quickly changing their charge with an oxidizable one Neutralize partners (inorganic or organic substances) in the water.

The working range of water treatment is limited to an ionic range of the oxidized potential on ionized oxygen:

The transition from active air ions to ozone occurs very quickly under the influence of high amounts of energy. Since the degradation effects and thus the cleaning effect from ozone are significantly less than from ionized oxygen molecules, it is important to reach the narrow range of the ionized oxygen molecules through the conditions of ionization. This is guaranteed by an optimally designed control system for the ionizer and a sensitized working area of the power supply 3 - 6 kV.

Any amount, no matter how small generated ozone means the loss of actively generated oxygen ions. The primary to disposal Standing oxygen in the air must be as good as possible for the generation of air ions be used.

The generation of positive and negative Air ions, depending on the requirements of the chemically or biologically degradable Substance, is by a DC voltage of 3 to 6 kilo volts (kV) reached. The air then stays in the ionization module about 0.5 to 6 s, preferably 1 to 3 s.

A preferred voltage variant is to work with a 12 V low voltage supply. The required amount of energy can be generated from sunlight and daylight. The operating voltage of 3 to 6 kV is then generated from the 12 V low voltage via 220 V using electronic control ( 4 ).

In this way there is a degree of ionization of the oxygen molecules of about 90 to 96% by volume.

The reactors to implement the ionized Air with the raw water are combined in a reactor block. she are designed so that the Air with the charged ions from below into the compressors Raw water can be piped. These disperse with the raw water and thereby leave the natural oxidation occur.

The individual reactors (see 3 ) consist

- from an outer reactor jacket ( 12 )

- an inner tube of the reactor ( 15 ) with flow holes ( 16 ) and a glass frit ( 17 ) at the bottom,

- lower neck ( 18 ) for air supply and upper nozzle ( 11 ) for air discharge,

- side water inlet ( 20 ) and water outlet connection ( 13 ) and

- screw connections ( 14 ) and seals ( 19 ).

As a glass frit is expedient Duran glass aerator used.

Depending on the application, that should relationship of pore openings the glass frits for the applied pressure are chosen so that the resulting ones air bubbles a diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.9 mm, have.

In the case of very heavily contaminated raw water become coarse, flaky and floating through a cartridge filter Impurities of the water are filtered out. Removed below a gravel and sand bed filter fine impurities in the raw water. This should be about a special automatic backwash feature, that flushes back the gravel sand bed filter individually depending on the degree of pollution of the raw water. A final activated carbon filter stage already removes the first chemical contaminants.

The device results from the example in FIG 1 shown system diagram. Where:

31

Raw water strainer

32

Raw water coarse filter

33

Reactors-filling pumps

34

gravel bed filter with automatic backwash

35

Activated carbon filter

36

airend

FIG. 1

ionization

FIG. 3

Reactor columns (reactor columns)

39

frits, Duran glass-aerator

40

inlet valve before coarse filter

41

Reactors filling valve

42

Reaktorzuluftventil

43

circulation pump

44

Positive pressure relief valve

45

Reactor outlet valve

47

Reactor level sensor

48

Storage level sensor

49

Aktivkohleendfilter

50

Finished water tank

Using this scheme, you can The device and its mode of operation are described as examples as follows become.

The raw water, which is contaminated with mechanical, bacteriological and organic substances, is fed through a suction basket ( 31 ) and inlet valve ( 40 ) in the coarse filter ( 32 ) through the filling pumps ( 33 ) headed. The coarse filter has a permeability of 0.1 mm. Does the raw water have the filling pumps ( 33 ) happens, this is a gravel bed filter with automatic backwash ( 34 ), Filter grade 80 mm, and subsequent activated carbon filter ( 35 ) in the reactor column ( 8th ) via the reactor filling valve ( 41 ) guided. The first chemical impurities in the water are absorbed in the activated carbon filter.

After the reactor columns have been filled, the filling pumps ( 33 ) through the level sensor ( 47 ) switched off. The reactor fill valve ( 41 ) will be closed. The compressor block ( 36 ) builds up a pressure of approx. 2.5 bar in the ionization module with ionization element and differentiator. The differentiator influences the targeted charge of oxygen molecules and supplements the generation of positive and negative air ions depending on the quality of the water. The pH value is also kept constant at the initial value.

After the pressure has been applied, the reactor supply air valve opens ( 42 ) and directs the air flow with ionized oxygen molecules over the frit ( 39 ) (Duran glass aerator) into the reactor columns. A pressure of approx. 2.2 bar is generated by the supplied ionized air flow.

Through the Duran glass frit ( 39 ) and the steadily increasing pressure in the reactor columns, an extremely fine distribution pattern is achieved. This means that the existing air ions disperse well in the raw water and trigger natural oxidation. Due to the counterflow design of the reactor columns, a very long dwell time with the highest possible reaction intensity is achieved even in the continuous operation of the plant. To ensure a constant system pressure, the expansion valve ( 44 ) If the pressure rises above 2.2 bar, the excess pressure is released. The escaping reaction air can easily be released into the environment. To support the even reaction in all reactor columns, a circulation pump ( 43 ) switched on.

After the reaction time has elapsed, the reactor drain valve ( 45 ) open. At the same time, the expansion valve ( 44 ) closed. The circulation pump ( 43 ) switches off after the set response time. Due to the pressure already present and the further introduction of the air ion stream, the reactor column is quickly emptied. The treated water is fed through the activated carbon filter cartridge ( 49 ) headed. The finished water is then poured into the storage tank ( 50 ) guided. In the storage tank ( 50 ) is the limit sensor ( 48 ), which switches off the entire system when the storage tank is full.

Will be any amount of water removed, the system switches until the system is filled to the maximum back to.

1 shows the exemplary construction of the ionization element. Here mean:

1.

electrical connections (200-240 Volts) DC voltage

Second

housing frame

Third

anode mesh

4th

cathode mesh

5th

Facility for mechanical tension of the anode and cathode braid

6th

air direction

Due to the short distance of the anode braid and cathode braid there is a rapid charge exchange. Thereby become the flowing past oxygen molecules quickly loaded. Best possible As is well known, charge isolator is air. Thus, an optimal charge transfer to the oxygen molecule reached. The advantage of this loinization element is:

• - more optimal Charge transfer to the oxygen molecule
• - extremely low maintenance
• - best possible use of energy the power supply
• - extremely low Coronary discharge wear
• - Large-area charge transfer with high efficiency
• - very long service life

2 shows the exemplary construction of the ionization module with the differentiator.

Here mean:

FIG. 1

Ionisationselement

61

differentiator pos. u. neg. DC voltage connection

62

casing

63

air inlet

64

air outlet

Functionality:

The air flows past the differentiator. Through targeted polarity of the arrival and The direction of charge of the oxygen molecules is positive in the cathode or controlled negative air ions. Thus the state of charge which is primary generated by the ionization module, mainly sensitized towards positive or negative, depending on the need for the oxidation potential in raw water. This guarantees maximum utilization of the generation energy and optimal adaptation of the oxidation process.

3 shows as an example a section through a reactor column with the following reference numerals

11

Air vent / exhaust air outlet

12

reactor shell PN 10

13

Fertigwasserauslaß

14

screw PN 10

15

Reactor inner tube

16

Passage holes

17

frit Duran glass-aerator

18

Reaktorzuluftstutzen

19

seal kit for inner reactor pipe

20

inlet connection for raw water

With the help of the device according to the invention become hydrocarbons and their chemically related compounds oxidized quickly and effectively. Due to the high oxidation potential The charged air ions also split bacterial shells and are therefore sustainable destroyed. Dissolved in water Humic substances belong to the hardly degradable substances in drinking water treatment. Good results are also achieved here.

In contrast to water treatment using ozone the device according to the invention much lower amounts of energy. The total energy requirement is at approx. 1.2 watts / l medium-heavy raw water.

A high oxidation intensity is achieved through the developed water treatment. So far, ozone has been considered the best possible oxidizer. However, the effectiveness of the water treatment according to the invention (by ionization) is decidedly higher. This results from the following table of degradation effects (in%):

According to the invention, drinking water treatment of raw water contaminated with herbicides is also successful. Atrazine is one of the main representatives of these poorly degradable triazine herbicides. The depletion capacity in nature is actually zero. The following table shows the good results in the degradation of such triazine herbicides:

Water treatment is also successful in the treatment of bath and pool water, which can lead to further impurities such as chlorophenols due to the considerable addition of chlorine. Very short breakdown times are determined here, as can be seen from the following table (concentration in mg / l):

Claims (5)

Device (system) for the treatment of mechanically, organically or biologically contaminated water (raw water), consisting of combinations of different filter arrangements, filling pumps, ionization module for ionizing air, reactors, a post-filter and finished water tank, the individual parts being connected by pipes and the material flows via Valves and sensors are controlled, characterized in that - the ionization module with large-area cathodes and anodes, an intermediate glass plate and inlets and outlets for air and - the reactors with inlets and outlets for water and the ionized air, the air being below Pressure is widely introduced over glass frits, are provided. Device (plant) for the treatment of raw water according to claim 1, characterized in that the ionization module a) an air flow Ionization element, each with a large anode mesh and a cathode mesh and a glass plate in between in a housing voltage supplies and air intake and exhaust and b) a differentiator in which in a housing frame with power supply a cathode braid is enclosed under two glass plates and there is an anode braid on both sides of a glass plate, consist.  Device (plant) for the treatment of raw water according to claim 6 and claim 7, characterized in that the individual reactors - from an outer reactor jacket - one Reactor inner tube with flow holes and a glass frit at the bottom, - Lower nozzle for air supply and upper nozzle for air discharge, - Laterally arranged water inlet and water outlet nozzle and - screw connections and seals exist. Device (plant) for the treatment of raw water according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the glass frit the in-wall reactor bottom completes below and is made of Duran glass. Device (plant) for the treatment of raw water according to claim 4, characterized in that the pore openings of the glass frits so chosen that the resulting air bubbles have a diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 mm.