DE2009311A1 - Machine for processing surfaces or depressions in surfaces as well as cutting elements for such a machine - Google Patents

Description

^r '" ^r YE ^ rHnr <^; * 2OT9311

Weimar c-.traöe 2

32 22 8 *

February 24, 1970

DrH / H 1610/70

"Irrut Products Limited, London NW _e 9 / Great Britain

Machine for processing surfaces or depressions in surfaces as well as Frieidorgane for such a machine

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The invention relates to a machine for Processing of surfaces or depressions in surfaces, e.g. of cutting grooves in bricks, and on cutting elements for such a machine,

A common example of such a machine or device is. a adjustin-fczvorrichtung for down-planing ( "planing down") or other completion of a made or artificial surface (such as in concrete, asphalt, in bitumen, bricks or in a lined with tiles surface, for example in the floor, in a ceiling or Wall, for example in streets, runways or other large areas and when finishing a canal in such an area or when planing down the entire area, Another example is the machine for embossing (processing) steel

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surfaces. As a further example, consider the device for crushing raw rock, e.g. coal, in one Called coal cutting machine. Another possibility exists when using the machine or device for cutting trees, cleaning bushes or even cutting grass or digging the ground

It is already known to provide cutters or hammers provided with hard metal at their ends, which have a number of annular abrasion-resistant cutting wheels freely rotatable on a support shaft and arranged on dear shaft to be on a circular To be moved around an axis running parallel to the shaft, so that the cutting wheels hit the surface, to be leveled (planed) and ground while the tools rotate at the same time around the support shaft · The The cutting wheel has a number of radially extending projections that make cuts in the hard one for impact Create area. Such cutting wheels have the disadvantage that these wheels wear out too quickly and besides, the downward planing effect is not happening fast enough · All of these devices can by a gasoline engine or a diesel machine, or by a compressed air motor or an electric battery or drive by supplying electrical energy from the mains,

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According to the invention, the machine is characterized for Machining of surfaces by a plurality of support members with cutting members rotatably mounted thereon, each of which is shaped so that its center of gravity is a predetermined distance from the support member is separated, and that the support means for supporting the plurality of support members and the movable means for Moving the support means are arranged in parallel so that the cutting members on a circular path with such Speed are movable that after impact the center of gravity of the cutting link on the material surface before it subsequently hits The cutting member can be moved back onto the material surface into a position approximately along the radial component, which extends outward from the circular orbit mmb perpendicular to the Direction of movement of the cutting member extends.

The machine according to the invention contains pest holding or locking elements to secure the support shaft on the support means, which in turn have receiving means connected to the support means and are provided in such a way that a gap is created to accommodate one end of the associated shaft

The receiving member preferably has a handle part extending through an opening in the support means and a head part with a slot for receiving it of the supporting shaft end.

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The machine is especially used for cutting grooves or channels used in contact walls and floors.

The subject matter of the invention also includes a cutting member or prong, which or «which has a pronounced cutting tip and connecting means for connecting the cutting member to the support means, the connecting means being designed so that they are the ^. ^: 3ol; neid member with a radial part allow itself in relation to a circular path of the support member after impact to move the center of gravity of the cutting member at a distance from the support means and thus save energy and prevent damage during assembly «

The center of gravity of the cutting member can generally be from suspension means at a distance of 1.27 to 30.40 cm, but preferably 2.86 to 10.15 cm. An elongated opening or an elongated tenon would generally be at least 1.05 times as large in diameter as the shaft or slot with which he is engaged. The ratio of the 3 largest to the smallest The diameter of such an elongated opening or such a slot is equal to at least 1.25 » The cutting angle of the cutting links can be at the front gap ("clearance") from -10 ° to + 25 ° and at the upper gap of + 2 ° to + 15 · A cutting tip end can be used that is spherical

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or is fully radial in side view and has a suitable

cm
neten radius of 0.95 / has. Such a point does not at all need to be connected to earth again; the full volume of the tip can be used lanen and the cutting member then be removed. Optionally, a point-shaped tip can be used »

These cutting links can be beneficial in machines for continuous drying (e.g. in tunnel ovens), separating (piercing), incising, compact planing, Sawing or for the production of grooves, bridges of walls, surface treatment to prevent slipping, Scratching, paving, and, if appropriately modified, treatments in addition to the types of machinery mentioned above added, are used <> The cutting tip speeds up to 45512 m./seko are satisfactory with tines up to 15 »24 cm in length high efficiency as a limit of 91.44 cm rock cut per gram of hard cutting material of the tip used. The higher stroke speed is better, speeds below those at which ^ the centrifugal force is such that the cutting members in an approximately radial or intersecting position cannot return before the next attack, may not be used «As with wear samples shown is the force on the cutting links

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in general so that they endeavor to ^ n their To roll suspension means rather than to slide. There will be so many cutting links depending on the circumstances used as possible. The cutting links should be placed in grooves or saws to prevent slipping be guided precisely in a radial plane to üuf this Way to minimize lateral movement and be sharp-edged Making cuts.

W An embodiment of the invention 13fc in dan

accompanying drawings. They show: FIG. 1 a for cutting slots or

Suitable machine for grinding surfaces, Pig. 2 a plan of the machine according to? Ig «1,

Pig, 3a and

3b a tine in side or in front view,

Pig. 4a and

4b another tine in the side or Ln end-

opinion,

'Piaja 5 a section through the drum of the surfaces

processing machine, Pig, 6a an enlarged view of part of the

Fig. 5,

Pig, 6b a section along line VIb - VIb of Pig.6a, without bolts, nuts or washers,

Pig, 7a and

7 b Parts of two modifications of a Γ machine

part, namely of two end caps and

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. ί.

Fig, 8a. -and -

8b
to TYes and

13b further embodiments of the prong. In a

Side view and a diagrammatic end

A flooring machine reproduced in Pig «1 is suitable for planing below a floor area of about 5.08 or 7» 62 cm; If necessary, it can cut out a channel from IC, 16 to 15.24 cm. «The machine has a base frame 1 carried by wheels 2; this is set up to carry a power source inside a container and has a guide handle 4 for the operator to guide the machine over the floor during the machining process. With a cross member 7 on the two side arms 8 of the guide handle A , an adjustment handle 5 is attached to an adjustment tube rod 6 is rotatably connected, so that the - <cable 9 is rotated when turning the adjustment handle 5 relative to the frame 1, whereby the cutting device arranged on the front part of the frame 1 is raised or lowered relative to the floor to be worked on «

This cutting device contains a mit.dem Front end -lea frame 1 connected cover frame 12 and

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carries a main drive shaft 13, which by means of an endless belt 15 connected to the pulleys 14 of the. "pulleys 16 by the power source in the container 3 is driven. The shaft 13 carries arm crosses 17, which can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, each arm of which has an end cap 18 which is bolted to the arm end and has a slot 19 which aich radially outward extends from the main shaft 13.

ψ Between each pair of corresponding arm crosses

extends a second or support shaft 20, each end of which has a flat portion 21 which extends within the slot 19 is located to allow a slight radial movement when the spider 17 at the by the power source caused rotation of the main roller 13 rotates «This energy source can consist of an electric battery. If necessary, the energy source can be replaced by a mains connection. Every second or support shaft 20 carries a plurality of cutting members jη the shape of prongs, which (see Figs. 3, 4 and 8 to 13) have a main piece or a body 22 and are separated from each other by precision spacers 22a are separated so that the prongs of the various shafts 22 are aligned with one another. These spacers 22a are removed for some uses and the machine then cuts a wide groove straight away the combined width of the adjacent cutting links instead

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a series of grooves and Slitting. These prongs can be separated along the shaft 20 or individually or in groups by removal are packed by spacers, each prong 22 faces an opening 23 to allow the prong to free the shaft 20 becomes rotatable j it also has a cutting tip 24 Tungsten Carbide "By Pig's Tine" 4 is the opening 23 extended so that the tine can move radially relative to the shaft 20 "so that the tine" hit when on "radially inward" can move to create a slicing effect to evoke. Instead of a point-like tip made of tungsten carbide, the tip can be made from a rectangular one Block, which is guided in the tine body of the appropriate shape »

In Fig. 7a another embodiment of the band cap for the second support or cutting shaft is shown, which includes a bolt 30 which extends through the modified spider 31 and has a head portion enclosing a slot 32 to support the flat end of the second support bracket of the cutting links. The slot 32 allows the support shaft to carry out a certain transverse adjustment ₄ The bolt is held in its position mounted on the spider 31 by a pin 33 (or pin) which rests on a lower disk 34 against the spider 31 under pressure »

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In FIG. 7b, the bolt is shown in the slit 32 drawn in by a dashed line in plan, in a downward direction from the cross, in order to see the main shaft of the drum. With dashed lines jadoch modified attachment means are shown as the lioLzen c-ynes Axialachiitζ comprises 34 in which a bolt 55 and sine mother 3Ü to don bolt 35 fits genchraubt int, of f to 1er Unterlegacheibe 37 tightly hangs up, dio on the spider 31 rests »These precautions gea tat tsti, -Ln narrow; ·; To use arm curls with a cross section of only 2.54 cm,

Since some types of marble or brick may differ put down or in particular on the walls of commercial buildings or the like. pulling up, can processing the surface or making grooves or channels in the surface with this apparatus in any suitable manner Modification to be made «

Although an electrical energy source was used in the example explained above, it can Machine instead with gasoline or diesel engines or with compressed air or hydraulic machines are advantageously used where the application of this seems more suitable for other machines *

The machine can be used to cut a surface area of both approximately 0.318 or smaller dimensions Process 0.635 cm as well as large dimensions »

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It can be seen that this power source machine is more efficient than pneumatic propulsion machines, so another type of machine may be considered particularly suitable for material atomization, and it is possible to use freely rotatable tines carried by a shaft to rotate to move on a circular path. The tine is held by the centrifugal force in an outwardly directed approximately B ^: viialrichtung by virtue of its force of gravity at a distance from the support shaft, which rotated sufficiently quickly Coal surface on; The rock can be cut through the frequent and continuous hitting (or ramming) by means of such prongs. -Due to the design details of the ground surface cultivation machine shown, it can be adapted to the respective purpose or the respective conditions.

Sine feature of the machine for material shredding is that they use larger amounts of energy for the fragmentation and shrinking of the rock or other materials than the current machines, in particular ■ those with compressed air drive can be adapted. The present Method of planing concrete to lower the surface is to be used with an Eos si er machine, which contains a sweep ζ aiii of piston-cylinder units «

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Typical for such a machine are seven units in one block; the pistons have a diameter of e.g. 3 »81 cm and a stroke during work of about 4.44 cm.

It should be noted that increasing the drum speed increases the available energy squared the ratio the increase increases and the increase in the tine weight is a proportional increase in one

Energy available at the point of impact. W.

The energy can not only - as stated above - be achieved by choosing the tine width of 0.635 cm, but also be significantly concentrated in the same radial plane by numerous prongs, which causes the impact the same point per drum revolution is amplified in the same time.

The machine is more compact than the embossing machine, where 7 or 11 pistons are distributed over a width of about 40.64 cm. «If the tines are only limited to the number of strokes per revolution, the number of cutting shafts on the drum is greater than that the same width while the embossing machine needs a space to accommodate each piston / cylinder unit in the block. It is therefore possible to accommodate many more energy-generating units within the same weight and working volume than in a machine with compressed air drive.

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Finally, theoretically there is no limit both "in drum size as well as" in Zinc Weight _e A drum of ZOB ₀ 152 cm diameter with zinc weight of 4 "54 kg can be used for cutting coal and having a lower received power than a modern coal cutting machine, although in this case the restriction of the sidewalk tine movement would be essential »

The limitation on the effectiveness of the prong alone is that the centrifugal force generated by the drum rotation must be large enough to ensure that the tine, which is arranged approximately radially to the shaft center line, is hit immediately earlier * This requirement applies at all the adjustment of the tine during the chopping process.

This machine and cutting member can be used to make rock cuts; with extremely varied Mining applications are various possible embodiments of the cutting link in each of Figures 8a and 8b to 13a and 13b shown in side and end view.

In FIG. 8, the body part 22 has a rod which connects the opening 23 to a widened and heavier part 26 which contains the cutting tip 24. A similar embodiment is shown in FIG. In this case, however, two Sohrieidspitsen 24 are provided thereof on the opposite sides of the outer end of the tine, is so that when a ^peak% 24 _s used the tine vice versa

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and the other tip can be used «

Ln F ¹ Ig. 10, the body 22 is designed in such a way that it is continuously widened towards the outer end and contains the cutting tip, so that the weight necessary for the powerful impact of the prong is required.

In Fig. 11, two tips 24 are given | Sides of the outer end provided and the width of the sink around the opening 23 is due to the removal of the reduced to the opening 23 adjacent inner end.

In Fig. 12, only one point 24 is provided and the permanent shoulder of the outer end is beveled similarly to both shoulders of the inner end. In jig. I3 the opening iat 23 designed so that a radius of · on its inner side and ■ · - is formed on its outer side, where D is the diameter of the support shaft to extend therethrough there. The distance between the center point of the curvature of the inner and outer sides of the opening 2p is in the order of magnitude between 0.1D and 0.5D.

Using these tines can be a significant improvement on power machines not only for compact embossing, but also can be achieved in some ore mining operations. Not only are there no compressors for processing artificial Surfaces are required, but the energy necessary to rotate the drum and also to absorb the impact from every sink, after it has hit the surface,

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decreased

The cutting links do indeed achieve their effect due to the impact faster than lateral cutting, there allow them to jump back. This jumping back can be up to be 30 °. The machine must run with sufficient speed of the cutting members to approximate their radially extending position before the next impact to reach again.

It is often desirable to have a series of parallel grooves or slots in a surface, e.g. B «on one Track or runway to be provided. The machine according to the invention can be used for this purpose by placing between the adjacent Sclineid members 22 on each support shaft 20 precisely Spacers 22a can be provided so that the cutting members of each shaft 20 are plane-parallel and in this way a series of slots corresponding to the number of cutting members generate on the support shaft. The width of each slot corresponds in this way to the strength of it generating odmeidglieder 22. The spacers 22a must a completely free radial movement of the cutting links their suspension ropes and then the desired return movement of the Allow chanting songs in their point of impact.

The? is especially useful for creating not slingshot!: ·>. Flat surfaces that are insensitive to water.

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In practice it is very desirable to have a permanent one Provide a secure ceiling for seaming over the rotating drum, if used reach·

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Claims (1)

P a t e η t a η s ρ r ü c h e: ,, 1. Machine for processing surfaces, thereby g e k e η η ζ ei c h η e t that a plurality of support members (20) is provided with cutting members (22) rotatably mounted thereon, each of which is so shaped is that its center of gravity is separated from the support member by a predetermined distance, and that the Support means for supporting the plurality of support members and the movable means for moving the support members are arranged in parallel so that the cutting members (22) on a circular path can be moved at such a speed are that after hitting the material surface the center of gravity of the cutting link before the subsequent impact of this cutting link the material surface can be moved back into a position, approximately along the radial component, which follows outside of the circular path perpendicular to the direction of movement of the cutting link extends, Machine according to claim!, Characterized in that to secure the support members (20) retaining means are provided on the suspension elements, which contain a receiving member connected to the support means and having a slot in which one end (21) of the associated support member a (20) protrudes » ~ 18v 009851/1246 3. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiving member is provided with a rod which is passed through an opening in the support member and has a slot (19) for receiving the support member end. 4 «Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each cutting member (22) approximately ^ is prong-shaped, a whole 3-piece cutting tip (24) and connecting means for connecting the
Cutting member (22) with the support member, and that the connecting means serve to facilitate the movement of the
To allow cutting member (22) which forms a radial part with respect to the circular path of the support member after impact, the center of gravity of the
The cutting link is at a distance from the support link, ο Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of a one provided with a full-length cutting tip (24) and connecting means for connecting the cutting element to the support elements,
optionally prong-shaped cutting member, the connecting means for ensuring the movement of the cutting member (22) have a radial part with respect to the circular path of the support member after impact, the
The center of gravity of the cutting member is located at a distance from the suspension means - 19 009851/1246 _BAD 6. Machines according to claims 1 and 5 »-characterized in that the cutting member or the Prong (22) a straight bar made of hardened steel as a connecting means with a one-piece tungsten carbide tip Has. 7. Machine according to claims 1 and 5 »characterized in that that the cutting member or the tine (22) made of high-speed steel with its own Tip consists, 8. Machine according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the tip has a pin (33) which is housed in a cutout in the cutting link. 9. Machine according to claims 1 and 6 or 7, characterized marked that the tip by soldering is attached ' 10. Machine according to claims 1 and 5 to 9, characterized gekennzei c h η e t that two cutting tips are provided on the cutting link or on the prong, 11. Machine according to one of claims 1, 6, θ or 10, characterized in that the Lanyard at the closest to the cutting point ground corner, are removably attached by lanyards. - 20 - '00985 T / 1 24-6 12, machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Connecting means are provided in an elongated opening for receiving suspension means on the same 1% hoe according to one of Claims 5 to 11, characterized in that pins emerging from the cutting member serve as connecting means protrude and protrude into a slot in .... suspension elements ρ « 14. Machine according to one of Claims 5 to 11, characterized in that a steel wire or a chain is used as the connecting means « 15 * machine according to one of claims 5 to 14 »d a - characterized in that the center of the dead weight of the cutting member at a distance from 1.27 cm to 24.48 cm from the support means is provided 16 «machine according to one of claims 6 to 14» thereby * characterized in that the center of the Dead weight of the cutting link at a distance of 2.85 cm up to 11.16 cm is intended » 17 · Machine according to one of claims 5 to 16, daduroh characterized in that the ratio of the the maximum to the minimum diameter of the elongated opening or the slot is at least 1.25 - 21 - 009851/1246 18, machine according to one of claims 5 to 17 »d a through g e k e η η ζ ei c h η e t that the cutting angle of the son's ulcer on the front ("front clearance") -10 ° "to 25 ° and on the upper side ('top clearance ") + 2 to 15 ° 19. Machine according to one of claims 5-18, characterized ge k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that the Cutting tip (24) is spherical or, seen from the side, runs to a full radius. 009851/1246 Blank page