DE2007338C

DE2007338C - Isochronous cyclotron

Info

Publication number: DE2007338C
Application number: DE19702007338
Authority: DE
Inventors: Gerd Dipl Phys Dr 6908 Wiesloch Schatz
Original assignee: Gesellschaft fuer Kernforschung mbH
Current assignee: Gesellschaft fuer Kernforschung mbH
Filing date: 1970-02-18
Publication date: 1973-08-09

Description

Isochronzyklotron schematiscli dargestellt, dessen Induktion bei gleich- ^w. gegensinniger ^Isochroncyclotron shown schematatiscli, its induction at equ- ^ w. opposite direction ^

FühningsfelddurchzweiTypenlund2vonMagneten erregung dar, so kann ^duJ^ch ^%™ ^d 5 fegende FühningsfelddurchzweiTypenlund2vonMagneten excitation is, ^you can ^ch J ^% ^ ™ d 5 sweeping

gebildet wird, die räumlich voneinander getrennt Erregung jeder zwischen den Kurven 4 una a ncgis formed, the spatially separated excitation each between the curves 4 una a ncg

periodisch in der lonenfiugtehn angeordnet sind. vorbestimmte Verlauf der mittleren Induktion über Typl und Typ 2 können unabhängig voneinander 5 dem Bahnradius eingestellt werden weiche* derisoare periodically arranged in the ion joint. predetermined course of mean induction over Type and type 2 can be set independently of each other, depending on the radius of the path

erregt werden Die azimutale Breite der Magnete chron-Bedingung in sehr ^N^^fJÄSS nimmt stärker als proportional mit dem Radius der Eine zusätzliche Feinkorrektur ^Jbe excited The azimuthal latitude of the magnets chron-condition in very ^ N ^^ fJÄSS increases more than proportionally with the radius of an additional fine correction ^ J

Flugbahn zu, wobei die eine Kante der Magnete gerad- läßt sich durch Korrekturspulen eraelenTrajectory to, with one edge of the magnets straight - can be eraelen by means of correction coils

linif und die andere kurvenförmig ausgebildet ist. Polschuhen befestigt und zum Ausgleichlinif and the other is curved. Pole shoes attached and for compensation

Hk di Tilh i ß lih Fehler bei der Fertigung ^un£ AuHk di Tilh i ß lih errors in manufacture ^and £ Au

linif und die andere kurvenförmig ausgebildet ist. Polschuhen befestigt und zu g, ^linif and the other is curved. Pole shoes attached and to g, ^

Die Magnete Henken die Teilchen um einen großen io licher Fehler bei der Fertigung ^un£ AufetelU*ng der Winkel ab, der sich mit dem Radius nur wenig ändert, Magnete ohnehin erforderlich sind. Eine genaue Kec die Magnete 2 lenken dieTeilchen nur um einen kleinen nung zeigt, daß die zur Erreichung eines «au«^sα,The magnets suspend the particles by a large io Licher error in the production ^and elaboration of the angle, which changes only slightly with the radius, magnets are required anyway. An exact Kec the magnets 2 direct the particles only by a small voltage shows that the necessary to achieve an "au" ^ sα,

Se^t_in;mr^chmit"^mRa^^derFlugbahn siSÄSSS^Se ^ t _in ; mr ^chmit " ^mRa ^ ^derFlugbahn siSÄSSS ^

Die in Fig. 1 schematisch geigte Magnetanord- »₅ über müßte ein Korrekturspulsystem der bekanntenSchematically fiddling in Fig. 1 Magnetanord- _"5 via would have a Korrekturspulsystem the known

nung wäre etwa als Führungsfeld eines Isochron- Art in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel an emzelnen Banntion would be, for example, as a guiding field of an isochronous type in this exemplary embodiment at individual spells

Zyklotrons geeignet, mit dem Protonen von 50 auf radien eine Feldänderung ^v(?ⁿ i? FrfndunT die' zurCyclotrons suitable with the protons from 50 to radii a field change ^{v (} ? ^N i? FrfndunT die 'zur

300 MeV und llfach geladene Uran-Ionen von 24 auf demselben Maße wird durch die Erfindung^he zur300 MeV and 11-fold charged uranium ions of 24 to the same degree are obtained by the invention

100 MeV beschleunigt werden können. Im ersten Fall erregung der Spulen benotigte elektrische Le.stx.ni,100 MeV can be accelerated. In the first case, excitation of the coils required electrical Le.stx.ni,

beträgt die erforderliche Zunahme der mittleren magne- ao reduziert,is the required increase in the mean magne- ao reduced,

tischen Induktion 25 ⁰I₀, im zweiten Fall nur weniger Die Vorteile der Erfindungtable induction 25 ⁰ I ₀ , in the second case only less The advantages of the invention

_{als 05}o/_o darin, daß auf einfache Weise eine _{than 05} o / _o in the fact that in a simple way a

Bei dem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Isochron- stellung der mittleren Induktion in Zyklotron ergibt sich der in F i g. 2 dargestellte Verlauf Radius der Flugbahn der zu bescnle der mittleren Induktion B über dem Radius r der *s vorgenommen werden kann wobei ein I^«eb ^r TeilchenfluEbahn Magnete im Sättigungsbereich vermieden werden kann ^Αγα Magnete desTyps 1 erregt, so ergibt und^adurch die für die Erregung£**«** E₌ sich der in Kurve3 dargestellte Verlauf. Bei zusatz- herabgesetzt bzw. begrenzt ™^™"™^ά^^ licher gleichsinniger Erregung der Magnete des Typs 2 die Verwendung ^«g^ÄSgJ m ^einstellt sich eine mittlere Induktion nach Kurve 4, bei 30 hängig ^voneinandeV^el"^Si^übvl„f%riiUleren Inzusätzlicher gegensinniger Erregung derselben eine stern Aufwand möglich, den ^f™*^"?™^ mittlere Induktion nach Kurve 5 ein. duktion über dem Radius in weiten Grenzen sehr genauWith the isochronous position of the mean induction in the cyclotron embodied according to the invention, the result in FIG. 2 shown the course radius of the trajectory to be bescnle the average induction B over the radius r of the * s can be made with an I ^ "eb ^ r TeilchenfluEbahn magnets can be avoided in the saturation region ^ Αγα magnets desTyps energized 1, it is clear and ^ ABy that for the excitation £ ** «** E ₌ the course shown in curve 3. In additional reduced or limited ™ ^ ™ ^"™ ά ^ ^ Licher same direction, excitation of the magnets of the type 2, the use of ^" g ^ ÄSgJ m ^ a mean induction adjusts to curve 4, at 30 pending ^voneinande V ^e l ^"S i ^üb vl "f% riiUleren Inzusätzlicher against intimate excitement same one star effort possible to ^ f ™ * ^"? ^ ™ medium induction on curve 5 a. production on the radius within wide limits very accurately

Stellen die Kurven 4 und 5 den Verlauf der mittleren einzustellen.Set the curves 4 and 5 to adjust the course of the middle.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

i 2 can be and in which this adaptation with one patent claims: relatively low power consumption of the .System can be achieved.

1. Isochronous cyclotron with several in ring shape This object is achieved in an isochronous cyclotron spatially separated magnets with ge 5 of the type mentioned according to the invention thereby separately adjustable excitation for generating one that two with regard to the shape of the individual sector fields of them formed guide-generated guide fields, whose magnetic index averaged over an orbit of the types of magnets to be used and azimuthally perically accelerating ions are arranged alternately and that for induction proportional to the relativistic mass position of a predetermined radial increase in the increase the ion rises radially and whose azimean magnetic induction the magnets of a mutal distribution is such that axial and radial of each type are stimulated in the same direction and equally strong focusing forces on the accelerated ones, while the magnets of one type are opposite -Ioiien act, as characterized above those of the other type are excited differently, that two different types of differently developed types with regard to the shape of the guide fields generated by them can be the same or opposite.
Types (1 or 2) of magnets provided and the radial increase in the mean induction, which are periodically arranged alternately azimuthally through the use of different types of magnets with and can be set for setting a predetermined radically different excitation, dialen increase in the mean magnetic induction - ao can be in a predetermined manner characterized amplify tion (B), the magnets of each type (1 or 2) that are in the same direction and equally energized in one type of the magnets in at Isounter least, chronic cyclotron ( "Proceedings" the »International while magnets of one type (eg 1) differ from those of the other type (eg 2). Factories, CERN, April 23rd to 26th , 1963 «, Geneva 1963, which are excited, whereby the sense of the excitation of the 25 pp. 286 to 289) known manner of the air gap decreases with magnets of different types (1 or 2) being equal or increasing in radius.

can be opposite. In this case, in the iso-

2. Isochronous cyclotron according to claim 1. da- chron cyclotron known way to increase the characterized in that for setting a radial increase in the mean induction, the azimuthal predetermined radial increase in the mean 30 latitude disproportionately with the radius of the particle induction (B ) increase in at least one type (e.g. 1) orbit and at the same time decrease the air gap with the magnets in a decreasing radius, which is known in isochronous cyclorrons, and the way the air gap with increasing radius (r) pole pieces of at least the magnets of the one type decreases. Correction coils can be arranged in order to

35 the mean induction increased in addition in predetermined Way to be able to adjust.

The invention is based on an exemplary embodiment

The invention relates to an isochronous cyclotron explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. It shows

several F i g in a ring shape spatially separated. 1 a schematic representation of the arrangement

Magnets with separately adjustable excitation to excite the magnets and

Generation of a F i g formed from individual sector fields. 2 shows the course of the mean induction

Guidance field, whose about an orbit to the radius.

accelerating ions averaged magnetic induc- An isochronous cyclotron is an accelerator for tion proportional to the relativistic mass increase ions with a magnetic guiding field in which the ion rises radially and its azimuthal distribution is approximately 45 the particles to be accelerated treatment is such that axial and radial focusing forces move closed orbits so that their orbits the ions to be accelerated act. time is independent of the energy. This is because of this

Such an isochronous cyclotron (»IEEE-Trans- achieves that the via a closed orbit

action 01. Nuclear Science ", Vol. NS-13, 1966, No. 4, averaged magnetic induction (mean induction)

Pp. 194 to 214) is known. With this and also with 50 in the isochronous cyclotron from the inside to the outside on the

a similar known isochronous cyclotron (»Now increases in the following way: ■■

clear Instruments and Methods ", Vol. 67, 1969, No. 1, _B m B

Pp. 103 to 108) are the actual sector leadership B ^ ° ~ ^B ° 'm ~

magnets, apart from the injection and extra 1 / 2π ν \ ^{2 m} ° "l /. _ v *

tion magnets, all designed in the same way. 55 L '\ ^r cj y c *

It is true in the case of circular accelerators of a different type,

namely in the case of the »alternating gradient synchrotrons. Here m is the mass, / M _{0 is} the rest mass,

also known, guide magnets different fields- e the charge and ν the speed of the ion, r den

To be arranged alternately azimuthally (book of mean distance of the path from the center of the

JJ L i ν i η g ο ο d, »Principles of Cyclic Particle 60 machine, B the magnetic

Accelerators ", 1961, pp. 195 to 197), but no table induction (mean induction), ß" ^the mean

radially increasing mean induction is present and the induction in the center of the isochronous cyclotron, c the

Magnets of different types therefore also do not reduce the speed of light and

divorced be aroused. _e . B.

The object of the invention is an isochronous cyclotron 65 ^v ⁼ ~
to create in which the radial increase in the mean

magnetic induction in a simple way the required = the orbital frequency of the particles,

adapted as precisely as possible to the operating conditions in FIG. 1 is designed according to the invention