DE20019665U1 - Hybrid gas generator - Google Patents
Hybrid gas generatorInfo
- Publication number
- DE20019665U1 DE20019665U1 DE20019665U DE20019665U DE20019665U1 DE 20019665 U1 DE20019665 U1 DE 20019665U1 DE 20019665 U DE20019665 U DE 20019665U DE 20019665 U DE20019665 U DE 20019665U DE 20019665 U1 DE20019665 U1 DE 20019665U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- gas generator
- hybrid gas
- gas
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004341 Octafluorocyclobutane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019407 octafluorocyclobutane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 80% argon Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
- B60R21/268—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous release of stored pressurised gas
- B60R21/272—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous release of stored pressurised gas with means for increasing the pressure of the gas just before or during liberation, e.g. hybrid inflators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
- B60R2021/0018—Roll-over
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG
Wernher-von-Braun-Straße 1TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG
Wernher-von-Braun-Strasse 1
D-84544 Aschau am InnD-84544 Aschau am Inn
Unser Zeichen: T 9442 DE WS/SF Our reference: T 9442 DE WS/SF
20. November 200020 November 2000
HybridgasgeneratorHybrid gas generator
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hybrid-Gasgenerator, insbesondere für Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesysteme, mit wenigstens einer Treibstoff enthaltenden Brennkammer und wenigstens einer Druckkammer, wobei die Druckkammer ein Gemisch aus wenigstens einem ersten und einem zweiten Fluid enthält.The invention relates to a hybrid gas generator, in particular for vehicle occupant restraint systems, with at least one combustion chamber containing fuel and at least one pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber contains a mixture of at least a first and a second fluid.
In Hybrid-Gasgeneratoren, insbesondere zum Aufblasen eines Gassacks für ein Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesystem, wird im Rückhaltefall der in der Brennkammer enthaltene Treibstoff durch einen elektrischen Anzünder gezündet. Durch die in dieser Weise erzeugte Druckerhöhung wird die Druckkammer innerhalb weniger Millisekunden geöffnet. Die aus der Druckkammer ausströmenden Gase vermischen sich mit den aus den aus dem Treibstoff freigesetzten Heißgasen und entfalten den Gassack. Der Gassack muß innerhalb eines sehr kurzen Zeitraums von 20-30 Milli-Sekunden entfaltet werden, was einen hohen Gasdruck erforderlich macht, der auch in der Endphase des Entfaltungsvorgangs noch aufrechterhalten werden muß. Der zeitliche Verlauf der Ausströmrate des gespeicherten Gases ist jedoch im wesentlichen eine Exponentialfunktion, was zu kurzen Standzeiten des Gassacks führt, da die Abkühleffekte im Gassack und die Durchlässigkeit des Sackgewebes nach dem Erreichen des Maximaldruckes nicht mehr kompensiert werden können.In hybrid gas generators, particularly for inflating a gas bag for a vehicle occupant restraint system, the fuel contained in the combustion chamber is ignited by an electric igniter in the event of restraint. The pressure increase generated in this way opens the pressure chamber within a few milliseconds. The gases flowing out of the pressure chamber mix with the hot gases released from the fuel and unfold the gas bag. The gas bag must be unfolded within a very short period of 20-30 milliseconds, which requires a high gas pressure that must also be maintained in the final phase of the unfolding process. However, the temporal progression of the flow rate of the stored gas is essentially an exponential function, which leads to short service lives of the gas bag, since the cooling effects in the gas bag and the permeability of the bag fabric can no longer be compensated for once the maximum pressure has been reached.
Für einen Rückhaltefall, bei dem der Fahrzeuginsasse mehrmals mitFor a restraint case in which the vehicle occupant is repeatedly
Gegenständen des Fahrzeuginnenraums zusammenprallen kann, z.B. in einer Rollover-Situation, muß die Standzeit des Gassacks auf einen Zeitraum von mehreren Sekunden erhöht werden, um eine verbesserte Schutzwirkung zu erreichen. Bei den Hybrid-Gasgeneratoren nach dem Stand der Technik wird mit verschiedenen Gasgemischen und Drücken gearbeitet, um eine Standzeiterhöhung zu erreichen. Bekannt ist beispielsweise, daß die Gasfüllung zu 100% aus Helium besteht, das unter einem Druck von 600 bar gespeichert wird. Alternativ hierzu werden Gasgemische benutzt, wie beispielsweise ein Gemisch mit 97% Argon und 3% Helium (alle Angaben in Vol.-%) oder, falls eine Nachreaktion mit den heißen Gasen der Brennkammer erwünscht ist, Gemische mit Sauerstoff (z.B. 80% Argon, 17% Sauerstoff, 3% Helium).If the vehicle could collide with objects in the vehicle interior, e.g. in a rollover situation, the service life of the gas bag must be increased to a period of several seconds in order to achieve an improved protective effect. State-of-the-art hybrid gas generators work with different gas mixtures and pressures in order to increase the service life. For example, it is known that the gas filling consists of 100% helium, which is stored under a pressure of 600 bar. Alternatively, gas mixtures are used, such as a mixture with 97% argon and 3% helium (all figures in vol. %) or, if a subsequent reaction with the hot gases in the combustion chamber is desired, mixtures with oxygen (e.g. 80% argon, 17% oxygen, 3% helium).
Nachteilig daran ist, daß für alle diese Gasgemische über 15 Jahre eine sehr hohe Gasdichtheit der Druckkammer sichergestellt werden muß, was insbesondere für Helium sehr schwer zu erreichen ist. Zum anderen erfordern die hohen Drücke große Wandstärken des Behälters, um die Berstsicherheit zu gewährleisten. Außerdem begrenzen der Gasdruck und das in der Druckkammer vorliegende Volumen die Gasmenge in der Druckkammer.The disadvantage is that for all these gas mixtures, the pressure chamber must be very gas-tight for 15 years, which is particularly difficult to achieve for helium. On the other hand, the high pressures require the container to have very thick walls to ensure that it cannot burst. In addition, the gas pressure and the volume in the pressure chamber limit the amount of gas in the pressure chamber.
Durch die Erfindung soll ein Hybrid-Gasgenerator geschaffen werden, mit dem die Standzeit des Gassacks soweit erhöht werden kann, daß auch für einen Rückhaltefall, bei dem der Fahrzeuginsasse mehrmals mit Gegenständen des Fahrzeuginnenraums zusammenprallen kann, z.B. in einer Rollover-Situation, eine verbesserte Schutzwirkung erreicht wird.The invention is intended to create a hybrid gas generator with which the service life of the gas bag can be increased to such an extent that an improved protective effect is achieved even in a restraint situation in which the vehicle occupant can collide several times with objects in the vehicle interior, e.g. in a rollover situation.
Die Erfindung schafft einen Hybrid-Gasgenerator, mit dem auch in der Endphase der Entfaltung des Gassacks noch genügend Gas zur Verfügung steht, um eine vollständige Füllung über eine längeren Zeitraum zu gewährleisten. Bei einem Hybrid-Gasspeicher der eingangs genannten Art wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß das erste Fluid im gasförmigen Zustand vorliegt und das zweite Fluid eine kritische Temperatur von mindestens 1000C aufweist, und daß das zweite Fluid sich bei einer Temperatur unterhalb der kritischen Temperatur und einem Druck von 200 bar wenigstens teilweise verflüssigen läßt.The invention creates a hybrid gas generator with which sufficient gas is still available in the final phase of the deployment of the gas bag to ensure complete filling over a longer period of time. In a hybrid gas storage device of the type mentioned at the beginning, this is achieved in that the first fluid is in the gaseous state and the second fluid has a critical temperature of at least 100 0 C, and that the second fluid can be at least partially liquefied at a temperature below the critical temperature and a pressure of 200 bar.
-3--3-
Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß das in der Druckkammer zur Verfugung stehende Volumen durch den Einsatz des zweiten Fluids besser genutzt werden kann. Beim Komprimieren des zweiten Fluids bildet sich ab einem bestimmten Druck ein Zweiphasensystem aus. Bei weiterer Druckerhöhung nimmt dann die Dichte des Fluids zu und das Volumen des Fluids ab, der Druck bleibt jedoch konstant. Es kann somit eine größere Menge Gas in das bestehende Kammervolumen eingebracht werden, ohne die mechanischen Anforderungen an den Behälter zu erhöhen. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Volumenanteil des zweiten Fluids, bezogen auf Normalbedingungen, weniger als 50%.The advantage of the invention is that the volume available in the pressure chamber can be better utilized by using the second fluid. When the second fluid is compressed, a two-phase system forms above a certain pressure. If the pressure is increased further, the density of the fluid increases and the volume of the fluid decreases, but the pressure remains constant. A larger amount of gas can thus be introduced into the existing chamber volume without increasing the mechanical requirements of the container. The volume proportion of the second fluid is preferably less than 50%, based on normal conditions.
Besonders bevorzugt wird das erste Fluid aus der aus Stickstoff, Argon und Helium oder deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt.Particularly preferably, the first fluid is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon and helium or mixtures thereof.
Vorzugsweise ist zweite Fluid Cyclopropan, 1,1-Difluorethan (RPreferably, the second fluid is cyclopropane, 1,1-difluoroethane (R
152a) oder Octafluorcyclobutan (RC 318) oder eine Mischung davon.152a) or octafluorocyclobutane (RC 318) or a mixture thereof.
Diese Fluide sind durch folgende kritische Temperaturen Tkr und kritische Drücke pkr charakterisiert:These fluids are characterized by the following critical temperatures Tkr and critical pressures pkr:
TkrTkr
Cyclopropan 125,20C 55,8 barCyclopropane 125.2 0 C 55.8 bar
1,1-Difluorethan (R 152a) 113,50C 47,0 bar1,1-Difluoroethane (R 152a) 113.5 0 C 47.0 bar
Octafluorcyclobutan (RC 318) 115,3°C 27,8 barOctafluorocyclobutane (RC 318) 115.3°C 27.8 bar
Das heißt, daß sich diese drei Stoffe bei einem Druck von 200 bar und Temperaturen unter 1000C verflüssigen lassen.This means that these three substances can be liquefied at a pressure of 200 bar and temperatures below 100 0 C.
Die Funktionsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Hybrid-Gasgenerators läßt sich wie folgt beschreiben. Zuerst wird in bekannter Weise der Treibstoff gezündet und die Druckkammer geöffnet. Die heißen Verbrennungsgase treten aus der Brennkammer aus und vermischen sich mit dem ersten Fluid und den gasförmigen Bestandteilen des zweiten Fluids aus der Druckkammer. Das Gasgemisch strömt nun in den Gassack ein und entfaltet den Gassack innerhalb von 10-30 ms. Damit wird eine erste Schutzwirkung erzielt. Das bis dahin in der Druckkammer zumindest teilweise in der flüssigen Phase vorliegende zweite Fluid wird durch die Wärmeenergie des Systems verdampft und strömt langsam in den Gassack ein, wodurch die Standzeit des Gassacks, abhängig vomThe functioning of the hybrid gas generator according to the invention can be described as follows. First, the fuel is ignited in a known manner and the pressure chamber is opened. The hot combustion gases exit the combustion chamber and mix with the first fluid and the gaseous components of the second fluid from the pressure chamber. The gas mixture now flows into the gas bag and unfolds the gas bag within 10-30 ms. This achieves an initial protective effect. The second fluid, which was at least partially in the liquid phase in the pressure chamber until then, is evaporated by the thermal energy of the system and slowly flows into the gas bag, which increases the service life of the gas bag, depending on the
9- &psgr; *■9- ψ *■ mm · » » t ·· » » t ·
-4--4-
Volumenanteil des zweiten Fluids, auf mehrere Sekunden ansteigen kann.Volume fraction of the second fluid can increase to several seconds.
• · · i· · i
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20019665U DE20019665U1 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2000-11-20 | Hybrid gas generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20019665U DE20019665U1 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2000-11-20 | Hybrid gas generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE20019665U1 true DE20019665U1 (en) | 2001-01-11 |
Family
ID=7949038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20019665U Expired - Lifetime DE20019665U1 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2000-11-20 | Hybrid gas generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE20019665U1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2829570A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-14 | Livbag Snc | HYBRID GAS GENERATOR FOR SIDE PROTECTION AIR BAG APPLIED TO AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY |
| US7900959B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2011-03-08 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Airbag apparatus |
| DE102017210121A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Safety footrest device of a vehicle |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4303169C1 (en) | 1993-02-04 | 1994-04-28 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas evolving material contg. di:nitrogen mon:oxide and a fuel - useful as a gas generator for air bags in motor vehicles |
| US5571988A (en) | 1991-10-30 | 1996-11-05 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas-producing material |
| DE19621045C2 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1999-04-15 | Autoflator Ab | Gas generator |
| DE19907241A1 (en) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas-generating composition useful in automobile airbags and seat belt tensioners comprises a mixture of nitrous oxide and/or nitric oxide and one or more solid fuels |
-
2000
- 2000-11-20 DE DE20019665U patent/DE20019665U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5571988A (en) | 1991-10-30 | 1996-11-05 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas-producing material |
| DE4303169C1 (en) | 1993-02-04 | 1994-04-28 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas evolving material contg. di:nitrogen mon:oxide and a fuel - useful as a gas generator for air bags in motor vehicles |
| DE19621045C2 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1999-04-15 | Autoflator Ab | Gas generator |
| DE19907241A1 (en) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas-generating composition useful in automobile airbags and seat belt tensioners comprises a mixture of nitrous oxide and/or nitric oxide and one or more solid fuels |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2829570A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-14 | Livbag Snc | HYBRID GAS GENERATOR FOR SIDE PROTECTION AIR BAG APPLIED TO AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY |
| EP1293749A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-19 | Livbag S.N.C. | Hybrid gas generator for a lateral air bag used in car safety systems |
| US6874813B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2005-04-05 | Livbag Snc | Hybrid gas generator for a side airbag applied to motor vehicle safety |
| US7900959B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2011-03-08 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Airbag apparatus |
| DE102017210121A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Safety footrest device of a vehicle |
| DE102017210121B4 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2019-06-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Safety footrest device of a vehicle |
| US10589704B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2020-03-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Foot-supporting safety device in a vehicle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 20010215 |
|
| R163 | Identified publications notified |
Effective date: 20010216 |
|
| R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 20031203 |
|
| R151 | Utility model maintained after payment of second maintenance fee after six years |
Effective date: 20061117 |
|
| R158 | Lapse of ip right after 8 years |
Effective date: 20090603 |