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DE20016655U1 - System for wireless energy and data transmission - Google Patents

System for wireless energy and data transmission

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Publication number
DE20016655U1
DE20016655U1 DE20016655U DE20016655U DE20016655U1 DE 20016655 U1 DE20016655 U1 DE 20016655U1 DE 20016655 U DE20016655 U DE 20016655U DE 20016655 U DE20016655 U DE 20016655U DE 20016655 U1 DE20016655 U1 DE 20016655U1
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Prior art keywords
transmitting
energy
receiving device
receiving
data transmission
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DE20016655U
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German (de)
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IC Haus GmbH
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IC Haus GmbH
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/42—

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Description

OOIC 0375DEG iC-Haus GmbHOOIC 0375DEG iC-Haus GmbH

System zur drahtlosen Energie- und DatenübertragungSystem for wireless energy and data transmission

Die Erfindung betrifft ein System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung sowie eine Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung zum Einsatz in einem solchen System.The invention relates to a system for wireless energy and data transmission as well as a transmitting/receiving device for use in such a system.

Zahlreiche Transpondersysteme sind bekannt, die im Wesentlichen aus einer Abfrageeinrichtung und einem beispielsweise in einen menschlichen oder tierischen Körper implantierbaren Transponder bestehen. Bekannte Transponder können aus mehreren Aktoren und Sensoren bestehen, die Befehle ausführen bzw. bestimmte Daten ermitteln. Die ermittelten Daten werden dann vom Transponder zur Abfrageeinrichtung übertragen und dort ausgewertet. Ein solches Transpondersystem ist beispielsweise in der DE 382 13 beschrieben.Numerous transponder systems are known that essentially consist of an interrogation device and a transponder that can be implanted in a human or animal body, for example. Known transponders can consist of several actuators and sensors that execute commands or determine certain data. The determined data is then transmitted from the transponder to the interrogation device and evaluated there. Such a transponder system is described, for example, in DE 382 13.

Die Energieversorgung eines Transponders kann mittels einer eigenen Batterie oder im Falle eines batterielosen Transponders über eine extern eingekoppelte Versorgungsenergie erfolgen. Ein solcher batterieloser Transponder ist beispielsweise Gegenstand der EP 0442 3 Der darin beschriebene batterielose Transponder weist einen Resonanzschwingkreis auf, der auf die Frequenz des Sendesignals der Abfrageeinrichtung abgestimmt ist. Ferner ist ein Energiespeicher vorgesehen, der durch das von der Abfrageeinrichtung kommende gleichgerichtete Sendesignal aufgeladen wird. Der Energiespeicher liefert im geladenen Zustand die Versorgungsspannung für den Transponder. Ferner ist eine Spannungs-begrenzende Einrichtung zum Begrenzen der Spannung an dem Energiespeicher auf einen vorbestimmten Wert vorgesehen. Mit der bekannten Abfrageeinrichtung und dem batterielosen Transponder ist es jedoch nicht möglich, dieThe power supply of a transponder can be provided by its own battery or, in the case of a battery-free transponder, by an externally coupled supply power. Such a battery-free transponder is, for example, the subject of EP 0442 3. The battery-free transponder described therein has a resonant circuit that is tuned to the frequency of the transmission signal of the interrogation device. Furthermore, an energy storage device is provided that is charged by the rectified transmission signal coming from the interrogation device. When charged, the energy storage device supplies the supply voltage for the transponder. Furthermore, a voltage-limiting device is provided for limiting the voltage at the energy storage device to a predetermined value. However, with the known interrogation device and the battery-free transponder, it is not possible to

von der Abfrageeinrichtung für den Transponder bereitgestellte Versorgungsenergie in Abhängigkeit von im Transponder ermittelten und ausgewerteten Daten zu regeln.to regulate the supply energy provided by the interrogation device for the transponder depending on data determined and evaluated in the transponder.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung sowie eine Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung zu schaffen, mit denen es möglich ist, eine batterielose Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung mit einer Versorgungsenergie zu versorgen, die auf einen bestimmten Wert, vorzugsweise auf die zum Betrieb der batterielosen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung benötigte Energie geregelt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a system for wireless energy and data transmission and a transmitting/receiving device with which it is possible to supply a battery-free transmitting/receiving device with a supply energy that is regulated to a certain value, preferably to the energy required to operate the battery-free transmitting/receiving device.

Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass in der batterielosen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung eine Stellgröße ermittelt wird, die dazu dient, eine regelbare Versorgungsenergie in der externen Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung derart zu regeln, dass die drahtlos zur batterielosen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung übertragene Energie im Wesentlichen der von der batterielosen Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung benötigten Energiemenge entspricht.The core idea of the invention is that a control variable is determined in the battery-free transmitting/receiving device, which serves to regulate a controllable supply energy in the external transmitting/receiving device in such a way that the energy transmitted wirelessly to the battery-free transmitting/receiving device essentially corresponds to the amount of energy required by the battery-free transmitting/receiving device.

Das oben genannte technische Problem löst die Erfindung zum einen mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the features of claim 1.

Hierzu ist ein System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung vorgesehen, welches vorzugsweise eine erste und eine zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung aufweist. Die erste Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung verfügt über eine regelbare Energieversorgungseinrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Versorgungsenergie für die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung und über eine Sendeeinrichtung zur drahtlosen Daten- und Energieübertragung. Die zweite, zweckmäßigerweise batterielose Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung weist eine Empfangseinrichtung zum Empfangen der von der ersten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung drahtlos übertragenen Versorgungsenergie auf. Zur Gleichrichtung der über ein HF-Trägersignal übertragenen Energie ist der Empfangseinrichtung ein Gleichrichter, vorzugsweise ein Brückengleichrichter zugeordnet. Ein Energiespeicher dient dazu, die drahtlos übertragene und gleichgerichtete VersorgungsenergieFor this purpose, a system for wireless energy and data transmission is provided, which preferably has a first and a second transmitting/receiving device. The first transmitting/receiving device has a controllable energy supply device for providing a supply energy for the second transmitting/receiving device and a transmitting device for wireless data and energy transmission. The second, expediently battery-free transmitting/receiving device has a receiving device for receiving the supply energy wirelessly transmitted by the first transmitting/receiving device. To rectify the energy transmitted via an RF carrier signal, a rectifier, preferably a bridge rectifier, is assigned to the receiving device. An energy storage device serves to store the wirelessly transmitted and rectified supply energy.

wenigstens teilweise zu speichern. Ferner'ist eine Detektionseinrichtung zum Erfassen einer eine vorbestimmte Energiemenge überschreitende Energiemenge vorgesehen. Eine Regeleinrichtung dient dazu, in Abhängigkeit von dem Ausgangssignal der Detektionseinrichtung ein Stellsignal zur Regelung der Energieversorgungseinrichtung der ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung zu erzeugen, wobei das Stellsignal über eine Sendeeinrichtung drahtlos zur ersten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung übertragbar ist.to store at least partially. Furthermore, a detection device is provided for detecting an energy quantity exceeding a predetermined energy quantity. A control device serves to generate a control signal for controlling the energy supply device of the first transmitting/receiving device depending on the output signal of the detection device, wherein the control signal can be transmitted wirelessly to the first transmitting/receiving device via a transmitting device.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous further training is the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Detektionseinrichtung weist gemäß einer ersten alternativen Ausführungsform eine Serienschaltung aus einer Spannungs-stabilisierenden Einrichtung und einem Strommessgerät auf. Die Detektionseinrichtung oder die Regeleinrichtung sind in der Lage, den durch die Spannungstabilisierende Einrichtung fließenden Strom mit einem vorbestimmten Stromwert zu vergleichen. Der vorbestimmte Stromwert bildet vorzugsweise die zum Betrieb der ersten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung benötigte Versorgungsenergie ab. Das heißt, die überschüssige Energie wird vorzugsweise klein gehalten.According to a first alternative embodiment, the detection device has a series circuit comprising a voltage-stabilizing device and a current measuring device. The detection device or the control device is able to compare the current flowing through the voltage-stabilizing device with a predetermined current value. The predetermined current value preferably represents the supply energy required to operate the first transmitting/receiving device. This means that the excess energy is preferably kept small.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die Detektionseinrichtung einen einer Last zugeordneten Spannungsmesser auf. Die an der Last abfallende Spannung kann wiederum mittels der Detektionseinrichtung oder der Regeleinrichtung mit einem vorbestimmten Spannungswert verglichen werden, der wiederum die von der zweiten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung benötigte Energie abbildet.According to a further embodiment, the detection device has a voltmeter associated with a load. The voltage drop across the load can in turn be compared by means of the detection device or the control device with a predetermined voltage value, which in turn represents the energy required by the second transmitting/receiving device.

Durch die spezielle Ausgestaltung der Detektionseinrichtung gemäß den oben beschriebenen Alternativen ist es möglich, die
Energieversorgungseinrichtung der ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung derart zu regeln, dass die übermittelte Sendeleistung im Wesentlichen der Energie entspricht, die von der zweiten, batterielosen Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung benötigt wird. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dieDue to the special design of the detection device according to the alternatives described above, it is possible to
The energy supply device of the first transmitting/receiving device is to be regulated in such a way that the transmitted transmission power essentially corresponds to the energy required by the second, battery-free transmitting/receiving device. In this way, it is possible to

Wärmeentwicklung in der zweiten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung möglichst klein zu halten. Darüber hinaus kann bei Batteriebetrieb der ersten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung demzufolge deren Batterielebensdauer verlängert werden, Ferner kann die Sendefeldstärke auf das notwendige Maß reduziert werden.To keep heat development in the second transmitting/receiving device as low as possible. In addition, if the first transmitting/receiving device is operated using batteries, its battery life can be extended. Furthermore, the transmitting field strength can be reduced to the necessary level.

Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Energieübertragung induktiv, wobei dann die Empfangseinrichtung der zweiten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung zum Empfang der Energie einen Schwingkreis mit einer fest vorgegebenen Resonanzfrequenz aufweist.The energy transfer is expediently carried out inductively, wherein the receiving device of the second transmitting/receiving device has an oscillating circuit with a fixed resonance frequency for receiving the energy.

Werden die beiden Sende-/Empfangseinrichtungen im Nahfeld benutzt, kann eine Trägerfrequenz für die jeweiligen Sendeeinrichtungen und eine Resonanzfrequenz für den Schwingkreis gewählt werden, die etwa bei 13 0 kHz liegen. Wird die zweite batterielose Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung beispielsweise als in einem Körper implantierbarer Transponder verwendet, ist es sinnvoll, mit einem implantierbaren Temperatursensor die Temperatur in der Umgebung des Transponders zu messen, um eine kritische Erwärmung der Umgebung zu vermeiden. Hierzu ist die Regeleinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass sie ein Stellsignal in Abhängigkeit des Ausgangssignals der Detektionseinrichtung und des Temperatursensors erzeugen kann. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die Sendeleistung mittels der regelbaren Energieversorgungseinrichtung in der ersten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung auch dann zu reduzieren, wenn zwar die übertragene Energie die von der zweiten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung benötigte Energie nicht überschritten, aber die Temperatur in der Umgebung des Transponders einen kritischen Wert erreicht hat.If the two transmitting/receiving devices are used in the near field, a carrier frequency for the respective transmitting devices and a resonance frequency for the oscillating circuit can be selected, which are approximately 130 kHz. If the second battery-free transmitting/receiving device is used, for example, as a transponder that can be implanted in a body, it is sensible to use an implantable temperature sensor to measure the temperature in the vicinity of the transponder in order to avoid critical heating of the environment. For this purpose, the control device is designed in such a way that it can generate a control signal depending on the output signal of the detection device and the temperature sensor. In this way, it is possible to reduce the transmission power by means of the controllable energy supply device in the first transmitting/receiving device even if the transmitted energy does not exceed the energy required by the second transmitting/receiving device, but the temperature in the vicinity of the transponder has reached a critical value.

Wie erwähnt, kann es sich bei der zweiten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung um einen implantierbaren Transponder handeln, wobei dann die erste Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung zweckmäßigerweise als Abfrageeinrichtung fungiert.As mentioned, the second transmitting/receiving device can be an implantable transponder, in which case the first transmitting/receiving device expediently functions as an interrogation device.

An dieser Stelle sei erwähnt, dass die zweite Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung je nach Anwendungsfall verschiedeneAt this point it should be mentioned that the second transmitting/receiving device can have different

Aktoren und Sensoren aufweisen kann, die mit Ausnahme der Einbindung des Temperatursensors nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung sind.Actuators and sensors which, with the exception of the integration of the temperature sensor, are not the subject of the invention.

Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird ferner durch eine Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung gelöst, die beispielsweise als implantierbarer, batterieloser Transponder ausgebildet sein kann. Die wesentlichen Merkmale der batterielosen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung wurden obenstehend in Bezug auf die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung näher ausgeführt, so dass die Merkmale an dieser Stelle nicht mehr wiederholt werden.The above-mentioned object is further achieved by a transmitting/receiving device which can be designed, for example, as an implantable, battery-free transponder. The essential features of the battery-free transmitting/receiving device were explained in more detail above with reference to the second transmitting/receiving device, so that the features are not repeated here.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit einer Figur näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an embodiment in conjunction with a figure.

In dem vorliegenden Beispiel wird als erste Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung eine Abfrageeinrichtung 10 verwendet, die beispielsweise mit einem batterielosen Transponder 20 über eine an sich bekannte induktive Kopplung kommuniziert. Bei dem implantierbaren batterielosen Transponder 2 0 kann es sich um einen in der Medizintechnik einsetzbaren Transponder zur inkorporalen Nervenstimulation handeln.In the present example, an interrogation device 10 is used as the first transmitting/receiving device, which communicates, for example, with a battery-free transponder 20 via a known inductive coupling. The implantable battery-free transponder 20 can be a transponder that can be used in medical technology for incorporeal nerve stimulation.

Die Abfrageeinrichtung weist neben einer an sich bekannten Sendeeinrichtung 12 und Empfangseinrichtung 14 eine regelbare Energieversorgungseinrichtung 16 auf, die die Versorgungsenergie für den Transponder 20 liefert. Die drahtlose Energie- und Datenübertragung zwischen der Abfrageeinrichtung 10 und dem Transponder 2 0 erfolgt über ein Trägersignal, welches beispielsweise eine Frequenz von 13OkHz aufweist. Die Daten können beispielsweise als frequenzmodulierte Signale über die Sendeeinrichtung 12 zum Transponder 2 0 übertragen werden. Hierzu weist der Transponder 2 0 entsprechende Decodier- und Demodulationseinrichtungen auf, die nicht dargestellt sind. Die übertragenen HF-Signale werden über einen Resonanzfrequenzkreis 3 0 eingekoppelt, der durch eine Parallelschaltung aus einer Spule 32 und einem Kondensator 34 aufgebaut ist. Die Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingkreises 30 istIn addition to a known transmitting device 12 and receiving device 14, the interrogation device has a controllable energy supply device 16 which supplies the supply energy for the transponder 20. The wireless energy and data transmission between the interrogation device 10 and the transponder 20 takes place via a carrier signal which has a frequency of 130 kHz, for example. The data can be transmitted as frequency-modulated signals via the transmitting device 12 to the transponder 20, for example. For this purpose, the transponder 20 has corresponding decoding and demodulation devices, which are not shown. The transmitted RF signals are coupled in via a resonant frequency circuit 30 which is constructed by a parallel connection of a coil 32 and a capacitor 34. The resonant frequency of the resonant circuit 30 is

auf die Trägerfrequenz des Sendesignals der Abfrageeinrichtung abgestimmt und beträgt daher in dem vorliegenden Beispiel 13 0 kHz. Die eingekoppelten HF-Spannungen werden über einen Brückengleichrichter 22 gleichgerichtet und laden anschließend zumindest teilweise einen Ladekondensator 24 auf. Der Ladekondensator 24 dient als Energiespeicher bei der Energieversorgung des Transponders 20. Über ein Spannungs-stabilisierendes oder Spannungs-begrenzendes Element 42 wird die über den Ladekondensator 24 abfallende Spannung stabilisiert und begrenzt. Das Spannungs-stabilisierende Element 42 kann beispielsweise als Zener-Diode 42 realisiert werden. Die Zener-Diode 42 ist im vorliegenden Beispiel Bestandteil einer Detektionseinrichtung 40, die ferner einen in Reihe zur Zener-Diode 42 geschalteten Strommesser 44 aufweist. Der Strommesser 44 der Detektionseinrichtung hat die Aufgabe, den über die Zener-Diode 42 abfließenden Strom zu messen. Der gemessene Strom ist ein Maß dafür, ob dem Transponder 20 zu viel oder zu wenig Versorgungsenergie von der Abfrageeinrichtung 10 zur Verfügung gestellt wird. In einer Regeleinrichtung 50 wird der gemessene Strom mit einem vorbestimmten Stromwert verglichen, der die von dem Transponder 20 benötigte Versorgungsenergie abbildet. In der Regeleinrichtung 50 oder alternativ auch in der Detektionseinrichtung 40 wird der vom Strommesser 44 gemessene Strom mit dem vorbestimmten Stromwert verglichen. Aus dem Vergleichswert ermittelt die Regeleinrichtung 50 ein Stellsignal, welches über eine Sendeeinrichtung 60 zur Abfrageeinrichtung 10 übertragen wird. In Abhängigkeit des Stellsignals erhöht oder erniedrigt die regelbare Energieversorgungseinrichtung die Sendeleistung der Abfrageeinrichtung 10. Mit anderen Worten wird die Sendeleistung der Abfrageeinrichtung 10 erhöht, wenn der durch die Zener-Diode 42 fließende Strom den vorbestimmten Stromwert unterschreitet, während die Sendeleistung erniedrigt wird, wenn der gemessene Strom den vorbestimmten Stromwert überschreitet.tuned to the carrier frequency of the transmission signal of the interrogation device and is therefore 13 0 kHz in the present example. The coupled HF voltages are rectified via a bridge rectifier 22 and then at least partially charge a charging capacitor 24. The charging capacitor 24 serves as an energy store in the power supply of the transponder 20. The voltage dropping across the charging capacitor 24 is stabilized and limited via a voltage-stabilizing or voltage-limiting element 42. The voltage-stabilizing element 42 can be implemented, for example, as a Zener diode 42. In the present example, the Zener diode 42 is part of a detection device 40, which also has an ammeter 44 connected in series with the Zener diode 42. The ammeter 44 of the detection device has the task of measuring the current flowing through the Zener diode 42. The measured current is a measure of whether too much or too little supply energy is being made available to the transponder 20 by the interrogation device 10. In a control device 50, the measured current is compared with a predetermined current value that represents the supply energy required by the transponder 20. In the control device 50 or alternatively in the detection device 40, the current measured by the current meter 44 is compared with the predetermined current value. From the comparison value, the control device 50 determines a control signal, which is transmitted to the interrogation device 10 via a transmission device 60. Depending on the control signal, the controllable energy supply device increases or decreases the transmission power of the interrogation device 10. In other words, the transmission power of the interrogation device 10 is increased when the current flowing through the Zener diode 42 falls below the predetermined current value, while the transmission power is decreased when the measured current exceeds the predetermined current value.

Alternativ kann die Detektionseinrichtung einen Spannungsmesser und eine Last aufweisen, wobei der Spannungsabfall an der Last vom Spannungsmesser gemessen wird. Der gemessene Spannungswert wird dann mit einem vorbestimmten Spannungswert verglichen, der wiederum der von dem Transponder 20 benötigten Versorgungsenergie entspricht. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel ist jedoch nicht in der Figur dargestellt.Alternatively, the detection device may comprise a voltmeter and a load, the voltage drop across the load being measured by the voltmeter. The measured voltage value is then compared with a predetermined voltage value, which in turn corresponds to the supply energy required by the transponder 20. However, this embodiment is not shown in the figure.

Um beispielsweise die Körpertemperatur in der Nähe der Empfangseinrichtung 3 0 und der Sendeeinrichtung 6 0 des Transponders 2 0 messen zu können, ist ein Temperatursensor vorgesehen. Um zu vermeiden, dass die Haut sich in kritischer Weise erwärmt, wird der gemessene Temperaturwert ebenfalls der Regeleinrichtung 5 0 zugeführt, die nunmehr sowohl aus der gemessenen Temperatur als auch aus dem durch die Zener-Diode 42 fließenden Strom ein Stellsignal erzeugt, welches die regelbare Energieversorgungseinrichtung 16 der Abfrageeinrichtung veranlasst, die Sendeleistung derart zu ändern, dass zum einen die Umgebung sich nicht in kritischer Weise erwärmt und andererseits eine ausreichende Energieversorgung für den Transponder gewährleistet ist. Das von der Regeleinrichtung 50 erzeugte Stellsignal kann im Extremfall die Abfrageeinrichtung deaktivieren, um Schädigungen des Körpers in der Nähe des Transponders zu vermeiden.For example, a temperature sensor is provided to be able to measure the body temperature in the vicinity of the receiving device 3 0 and the transmitting device 6 0 of the transponder 2 0. In order to prevent the skin from heating up to a critical level, the measured temperature value is also fed to the control device 5 0, which now generates a control signal from both the measured temperature and the current flowing through the Zener diode 42, which causes the controllable energy supply device 16 of the interrogation device to change the transmission power in such a way that, on the one hand, the environment does not heat up to a critical level and, on the other hand, a sufficient energy supply for the transponder is guaranteed. In extreme cases, the control signal generated by the control device 50 can deactivate the interrogation device in order to avoid damage to the body in the vicinity of the transponder.

Claims (12)

1. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung mit einer ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10), die eine regelbare Energieversorgungseinrichtung (16) zur Bereitstellung einer Versorgungsenergie für eine zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) und eine Sendeeinrichtung (12) zur drahtlosen Daten- und Energieübertragung aufweist, wobei die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) folgende Merkmale aufweist:
eine Empfangseinrichtung (30, 32, 34) zum Empfangen der von der ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10) drahtlos übertragenen Versorgungsenergie,
einen der Empfangseinrichtung (30, 32, 34) zugeordneten Gleichrichter (22), einen Energiespeicher (24) zum wenigstens teilweisen Speichern der drahtlos übertragenen und gleichgerichteten Versorgungsenergie,
eine Detektionseinrichtung (40) zum Erfassen einer eine vorbestimmte Energiemenge überschreitende Energiemenge,
eine Regeleinrichtung (50), die in Abhängigkeit von dem Ausgangssignal der Detektionseinrichtung (40) eine Stellgröße zur Regelung der Energieversorgungseinrichtung (16) der ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10) erzeugt und
eine Sendeeinrichtung (60) zum drahtlosen Übertragen der Stellgröße zur ersten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10). 1. System for wireless energy and data transmission with a first transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ) which has a controllable energy supply device ( 16 ) for providing a supply energy for a second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) and a transmitting device ( 12 ) for wireless data and energy transmission, wherein the second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) has the following features:
a receiving device ( 30 , 32 , 34 ) for receiving the supply energy wirelessly transmitted by the first transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ),
a rectifier ( 22 ) associated with the receiving device ( 30 , 32 , 34 ), an energy store ( 24 ) for at least partially storing the wirelessly transmitted and rectified supply energy,
a detection device ( 40 ) for detecting an energy quantity exceeding a predetermined energy quantity,
a control device ( 50 ) which, depending on the output signal of the detection device ( 40 ), generates a control variable for controlling the energy supply device ( 16 ) of the first transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ) and
a transmitting device ( 60 ) for wirelessly transmitting the manipulated variable to the first transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ). 2. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Detektionseinrichtung (40) eine Serienschaltung aus einer Spannungs-stabilisierenden Einrichtung (42) und einem Strommessgerät (44) umfasst und den durch die Spannungs-stabilisierende Einrichtung (42) fließenden Strom mit einem vorbestimmten Stromwert vergleichen kann. 2. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection device ( 40 ) comprises a series circuit of a voltage-stabilizing device ( 42 ) and a current measuring device ( 44 ) and can compare the current flowing through the voltage-stabilizing device ( 42 ) with a predetermined current value. 3. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Detektionseinrichtung einen einer Last zugeordneten Spannungsmesser aufweist und die an der Last abfallende Spannung mit einem vorbestimmten Spannungswert vergleichen kann. 3. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection device has a voltmeter assigned to a load and can compare the voltage drop across the load with a predetermined voltage value. 4. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieübertragung induktiv erfolgt und die Empfangseinrichtung der zweiten Sende-/ Empfangseinrichtung (30) ein Schwingkreis (32, 34) mit einer fest vorgegebenen Resonanzfrequenz ist. 4. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the energy transmission takes place inductively and the receiving device of the second transmitting/receiving device ( 30 ) is an oscillating circuit ( 32 , 34 ) with a fixed predetermined resonance frequency. 5. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trägerfrequenz der jeweiligen Sendeeinrichtungen (12; 60) und die Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingkreises (32, 34) bei etwa 130 kHz liegt. 5. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier frequency of the respective transmitting devices ( 12 ; 60 ) and the resonance frequency of the oscillating circuit ( 32 , 34 ) is approximately 130 kHz. 6. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) einen Temperatursensor (80) aufweist, wobei die Regeleinrichtung (50) eine Stellgröße in Abhängigkeit des Ausgangssignals der Detektionseinrichtung (40) und des Temperatursensor (80) erzeugt. 6. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) has a temperature sensor ( 80 ), wherein the control device ( 50 ) generates a manipulated variable depending on the output signal of the detection device ( 40 ) and the temperature sensor ( 80 ). 7. System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10) eine Abfrageeinrichtung und die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) ein implantierbarer Transponder ist. 7. System for wireless energy and data transmission according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ) is an interrogation device and the second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) is an implantable transponder. 8. Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung, insbesondere ein implantierbarer Transponder zum Einsatz in einem System zur drahtlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, umfassend
eine Empfangseinrichtung (30) zum Empfangen der von einer entfernten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (10) drahtlos übertragenen Versorgungsenergie,
einen der Empfangseinrichtung (30) zugeordneten Gleichrichter (22), einen Energiespeicher (24) zum wenigstens teilweise Speichern der drahtlos übertragenen und gleichgerichteten Versorgungsenergie,
eine Detektionseinrichtung (40) zum Erfassen einer eine vorbestimmte Energiemenge überschreitende Energiemenge, eine Regeleinrichtung (50), die in Abhängigkeit von dem Ausgangssignal der Detektionseinrichtung (40) eine Stellgröße zur Regelung einer Energieversorgungseinrichtung (16) der entfernten Sende- /Empfangseinrichtung (10) erzeugt und
eine Sendeeinrichtung (60) zum drahtlosen Übertragen der Stellgröße zur entfernten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung. 8. Transceiver device, in particular an implantable transponder for use in a system for wireless energy and data transmission according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising
a receiving device ( 30 ) for receiving the supply energy wirelessly transmitted from a remote transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ),
a rectifier ( 22 ) associated with the receiving device ( 30 ), an energy storage device ( 24 ) for at least partially storing the wirelessly transmitted and rectified supply energy,
a detection device ( 40 ) for detecting an energy quantity exceeding a predetermined energy quantity, a control device ( 50 ) which, depending on the output signal of the detection device ( 40 ), generates a control variable for controlling an energy supply device ( 16 ) of the remote transmitting/receiving device ( 10 ) and
a transmitting device ( 60 ) for wirelessly transmitting the manipulated variable to the remote transmitting/receiving device. 9. Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung nach Anspruch 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Detektionseinrichtung (40) eine Serienschaltung aus einer Spannungs-stabilisierenden Einrichtung (42) und einem Strommessgerät (44) umfasst und den durch die Spannungs-stabilisierende Einrichtung (42) fließenden Strom mit einem vorbestimmten Stromwert vergleichen kann. 9. Transmitting/receiving device according to claim 8, characterized in that the detection device ( 40 ) comprises a series circuit of a voltage-stabilizing device ( 42 ) and a current measuring device ( 44 ) and can compare the current flowing through the voltage-stabilizing device ( 42 ) with a predetermined current value. 10. Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Detektionseinrichtung einen einer Last zugeordneten Spannungsmesser aufweist und die an der Last abfallende Spannung mit einem vorbestimmten Spannungswert vergleichen kann. 10. Transmitting/receiving device according to claim 8, characterized in that the detection device has a voltmeter associated with a load and can compare the voltage drop across the load with a predetermined voltage value. 11. Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieübertragung induktiv erfolgt und die Empfangseinrichtung (30) der zweiten Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) ein Schwingkreis (32, 34) mit einer fest vorgegebenen Resonanzfrequenz ist. 11. Transmitting/receiving device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the energy transfer takes place inductively and the receiving device ( 30 ) of the second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) is an oscillating circuit ( 32 , 34 ) with a fixed predetermined resonance frequency. 12. Sende-/und Empfangseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung (20) einen Temperatursensor (80) aufweist, wobei die Regeleinrichtung (50) eine Stellgröße in Abhängigkeit des Ausgangssignals der Detektionseinrichtung (40) und des Temperatursensor (80) erzeugt. 12. Transmitting and receiving device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the second transmitting/receiving device ( 20 ) has a temperature sensor ( 80 ), wherein the control device ( 50 ) generates a manipulated variable depending on the output signal of the detection device ( 40 ) and the temperature sensor ( 80 ).
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