DE20009621U1 - Plant for the production of dry granulate binder products, in particular polystyrene granulate cement products - Google Patents

Description

Thomas Wiegand
Panoramastrasse 10
D - 08301 Schlema

Bes berschrift Plant for production

of dry granulate binder products, especially of polystyrene granulate cement products

The invention relates to a plant for producing dry granulate-binder products, in particular polystyrene granulate-cement products, comprising a mixing device with a driven conveyor screw, a discharge device connected thereto with a subsequent filling unit, wherein components - at least one granulate and at least one binder - can be filled into the mixing device and mixed in dry form, as well as a polystyrene granulate-cement product.

Such systems, whose mixing device has a conventional mixing container with at least one agitator, are used to mix granulated polystyrene and/or regranulated polystyrene rigid foam with hydraulic binding agents, in particular with cement, whereby the mixed components in the resulting dry mixture separate again so abruptly after a long transport and/or storage period due to the different bulk material density that the heavier hydraulic binding agent settles in the lower part of the packaging containers, in particular in plastic or paper bags, and the much lighter granulate is deposited above it. This is why cracks can also occur during transport of the packaging containers containing the dry mixture, in particular the containers made of paper material, which can lead to leaks and thus losses of at least one of the components.

On the other hand, in the knowledge of this demixing problem, the conventional dry mixture production and transport is largely avoided by simply transporting the components in separate containers and mixing them on site in a wet mixing device with the addition of at least water, whereby wet mixing devices are usually equipped with an agitator.

The disadvantage of both mixing processes is that in both processes, after a long storage period until final processing, a density-related separation occurs into areas of the respective components with different densities. In the case of wet mixing, it is considered disadvantageous that the closed-cell foam particles do not absorb or absorb water.

However, in order to achieve a cement stone framework during curing, it is usual, due to the water-repellent property of the foam particles and the different bulk densities, to coat the foam particles with an adhesion promoter before the binding agent is added without or together with the water in order to get from the state of a mixture subject to segregation to the state of a homogeneous dry mixture.

In order to achieve such a mixture of the product, a machine system with several machine subsystems is known from the special publication of the magazine: "Kunststoffe im Bau", issue 17, pages 1 - 12 -, page 3 ff., with which a dry mixture is to be produced essentially from granules, adhesion promoters, in particular pressure sensitive adhesives, and cement, which require a first direct current mixer in a first machine subsystem for mixing the granules and the adhesion promoter and its deposition on the particle surfaces and a second direct current mixer in a second machine subsystem at least for mixing the adhesion promoter-prepared granules and the cement. The further preparation of the granules is to be carried out by powdering with cement and finely ground stone powder. However, these special individual treatments in the various machine subsystems require a high cost and material expenditure. Sand usually plays a role as an additional filler in the adjustment of the dry mixture, but this again contributes to a certain degree of demixing.

The adhesion promoter dissolves the surfaces of the particles and makes them sticky, whereby the added cement is deposited in a coating-like manner, in particular is glued to them. Plastic dispersions and adhesives, e.g. epoxy resin dispersions, can be used as adhesion promoters, but their use increases the costs of the dry mix.

significantly increase the amount of foam particles that can be used.

The publication DE 44 28 200 A1 discloses a method and a device for producing polystyrene granulate from non-flammable, recyclable polystyrene rigid foam, whereby a non-flammable dry mixture of granulate and surfactants is produced in a "one-way" direct feed in a mixing container, which is designed as a conventional screw mixer with a relatively long conveyor screw. In order to obtain the flame-retardant granulate, a funnel with an inoculation device is installed upstream of the conveyor screw, through which a surfactant solution is fed with a pump. At the end of the conveyor screw there is a filling unit in the form of a bagging device with which the dry mixture is packed in bags in an airtight manner. The mixing process and the transport take place while the conveyor screw rotates in the direction of the filling unit. The solvent escapes, the surfactants are deposited on the particle surface, but have no influence on an improved formation of the resulting dry mixture.

Furthermore, a method for mineral coating of plastic materials is known from the publication DE 44 19 965 A1, in which the plastic materials are ground, the resulting plastic particles are then subjected to a heat treatment with hot air and these heated particles are mixed with a binding agent preheated to the same temperature to produce a force-fit bond. The targeted heat treatment of the particle surfaces is intended to produce a thin adhesive layer on the particle surface. After the addition of the binding agent, which is also heated in another system, the bond is cooled suddenly. The binding agent remains stuck on in a thin layer. In order to create an adhesive layer on the particle surfaces,

Although expensive adhesion promoters are not required to generate the required temperatures, the devices that generate the required temperatures are nevertheless very material-intensive and costly.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a plant for producing dry granulate-binder products, in particular polystyrene granulate-cement products, which is designed in such a way that a simple and cost-effective plant is achieved that saves material and energy. Furthermore, density-related segregation of the dry-mixed components after the end of the production process should be largely prevented. The aim is to produce an end product that can be further processed on site in an economical manner and whose quality exceeds that of conventional dry mixes.

The problem is solved by the features of claim 1. In the system according to the preamble of claim 1, the mixing device has a mixture transport circulation path inside the housing, which can be adjusted depending on the direction of rotation of the conveyor screw, which has at least one compression region and at least one return region, which are connected to the discharge device, which can be closed, wherein in the compression region there is at least one conveyor screw with a rise, which is rotatably mounted, to which at least one compression wall is assigned, which is partially paraxially trough-like and/or transversely axially directed and adapted to the screw spacing, such that when the conveyor screw rotates in the compression region, the components are heated up due to friction and compression at the same time as the mixing process, and binder adhesive coatings are rolled onto the granulate particles in a way that crumples the particles.

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The plant for producing dry granulate-binder products, in particular polystyrene granulate-cement products, essentially contains a mixing device with a driven conveyor screw, a discharge device connected thereto with a subsequent filling unit, wherein at least one granulate and at least one binder can be filled into the mixing device as components in dry form and mixed to form a mixture.

In a first system, a first mixing device can essentially have a riser pipe arranged so as to rise at an angle α (preferably between 30° and 70°) - with a pipe rear wall and a pipe belly wall facing the room floor - and therein a conveyor screw directed from the riser pipe axis to the pipe belly wall, paraxially spaced and rotatably mounted, wherein a filling trough which can be tightly closed with a cover is arranged at the lower region of the riser pipe for receiving the individual components with which the riser pipe can also be filled from below.

For this purpose, there is a lower through-opening between the hopper and the riser pipe. In the area of the other end of the riser pipe, which is located upwards, there is an upper through-opening with the connected discharge device that can be closed on the outlet side and the downstream, preferably pipe-like filling unit that is inclined downwards.

The associated filling unit contains a volume-adjustable storage container intended for the finished dry product, the upper inlet opening of which is provided with an upper cover flap and the lower outlet opening of which is provided with a lower bottom flap, the cover flap and the bottom flap preferably being pivotably mounted in the middle of the pipe and in relation to the diameter, which

In a vertical position along the storage container axis, they simultaneously serve as closures for the first receiving storage container. The two flaps are preferably associated with a rod system with which the flaps can be adjusted manually by means of at least one lever or two independent levers or automatically.

The associated pressing area consists of a first spatial sub-area, which is delimited on the one hand by the pipe belly wall and on the other hand by the conveyor screw directed towards the pipe belly wall and arranged eccentrically to the riser axis, in particular by the area of the flank envelope on the belly side which is at a short distance, and of a second sub-area which is essentially formed by the accumulation area to the discharge device wall and to the cover flap when the discharge device is closed.

In the riser pipe, the belly-side distance between the belly-side flank envelope of the conveyor screw and the associated pipe belly wall opposite the flank envelope is smaller than the rear-side distance between the rear flank envelope of the conveyor screw and the associated pipe rear wall opposite the flank envelope.

The distance on the abdominal side can preferably be a few centimeters.

The free-space return area associated with the mixture transport circulation path is defined inside the riser pipe by the larger rear distance between the rear flank envelope and the pipe rear wall with the gradient of the angle α of the riser pipe over the conveyor screw.

In a second system, instead of the riser pipe, a second mixing device can be provided, a closable, preferably box-like container, which has a trough on the bottom side, above which drivable conveyor screws arranged parallel at a short distance and directed in the longitudinal direction of the trough are rotatably mounted, and has a container wall opposite the discharge side as a compression wall, wherein the discharge device is attached to the discharge side and is preferably continuously connected to the mixing device through several trough openings.

Within the approximately box-shaped discharge device, which is arranged transversely to the mixing device, there can be a discharge conveyor screw which is mounted so that it can be driven transversely to the conveyor screws arranged in parallel and is connected to the downstream filling unit, which is preferably inclined downwards.

Each of the conveyor screws is surrounded on the underside by a trough of larger diameter, which is slightly spaced from the conveyor screw flanks, in a part-circular, preferably semi-circular manner, wherein the heights of the semi-circular troughs are directed from the trough bottom preferably up to the height of the screw shafts of the conveyor screws.

The associated troughs are connected to each other by longitudinal webs, whereby the trough assembly is attached to the housing walls of the mixing device.

The associated grouting area consists of at least one trough section between the half-pipe-walled troughs, which are parallel to one another and are introduced into the area of the trough pan, and the conveyor screws, which are located at a short distance, in particular their flank areas, as well as

at least one front part area, which is formed as a compression wall by a storage area in front of the front end of the conveyor screws and in front of the container wall opposite the discharge device and arranged transversely to the conveyor screw shaft.

The distance between the respective conveyor screw flanks and the semicircular troughs spaced from the trough bottom is a few centimeters and depends on the outer diameter of the conveyor screws, whereby the components are essentially pressed and mixed by means of the conveyor screws arranged parallel to one another below the shaft in the trough section and mixed above the shaft of the semicircular troughs.

Conveniently, the rotation speeds and directions of rotation of the driven conveyor screws can be variably adjusted.

Both the mixing device and the filling unit can preferably have suction line connections which lead via associated pipes to at least one suction device/dust extraction system which extracts the dust mist which occurs, whereby, when the lid is closed, the dust mist which is present after the product manufacturing process or after the filling of the dry product can be extracted in accordance with occupational health and safety regulations.

The second mixing device, the discharge device and the filling unit can be placed on a frame with a walkable horizontal platform, wherein the mixing device can be arranged at an incline to the horizontal platform with a gradient angle of preferably β > 15° in the direction of the discharge device.

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The mixing device has a lid and a collecting sieve on the filling side and is tightly closed with the lid during the component mixing process.

When mixing and pressing the components, some of the parallel conveyor screws are arranged in ascending order according to their pressing rotation directions, which transport the component mixture at an angle β > 15° rising against the pressing wall opposite the discharge device, creating a damming area, where they carry out damming pressing that crumples the granulate particles. The conveyor screw assigned to the return area is arranged in the opposite direction and is provided with the return transport rotation direction at the same angle ß> 15°, conveying the component mixture downwards at an angle β > 15°, whereby the accumulating mixture conveyed into its return area is captured, which is pressed in the semicircular trough below the shaft during the return transport and also continues to be mixed.

A vortex-like transport circulation associated with the conveyor screws, which forms parallel to the screw shaft plane, is present when the conveyor screws have the axial compression direction rising at the second angle β of approx. 15° and the conveyor screw has the axial return transport direction falling at the second angle β of approx. 15°, whereby the mixture blockages accumulating on the container walls are reduced. The predetermined inclinations (ß) of the mixing devices are intended to increase the compression for each particle and facilitate the return.

The dosage of the components depends on the specified composition of the dry product.

The system functions as follows:

a) filling at least one mixing device with the components specified in terms of quantity,

b) Mixing of the components by rotation through at least one screw conveyor,

c) pressing the mixture by at least one rotating conveyor screw on at least one intended, closely spaced pressing wall,

d) heating of the mixture to a minimum temperature due to friction and compression by means of at least one screw conveyor with adjustable speed and direction of rotation,
e) Rolling of binder adhesive coatings onto the pressed, heated, crumpled particles and
f) Discharge of the dry product.

In order to achieve a quality product, the mixing process for distributing the components, the pressing of the particles and the rolling process for producing the binding agent adhesive coating can be carried out repeatedly at a predetermined time.

After the end of the time-defined binder adhesive coating production, all conveyor screws with the return transport rotation directions are switched to the same direction of rotation in the second mixing device at the start of the discharge, so that the accumulated mixture is also conveyed away from the compression wall on the container wall side to the now opened discharge device and fed there to the filling unit.

In the dry granulate-binder product according to the invention, which contains at least one granulate and at least one binder in a predetermined mixing ratio and is produced by means of one of the plants, the particles of the granulate have on their surface under a

Rolled-on binder adhesive coatings produced by adjustable pressing pressure.

The invention prevents a density-related separation of the dry products produced into the two components by means of the binding agent adhesive coatings produced on the particles, since the rolling of the hydraulic binding agent onto the surface of the granulate particles caused by the compression pressure at least creates an intimate adhesive bond between the binding agent and the particles, which largely prevents the hydraulic binding agent from coming loose after the end of the mixing and filling process and during the subsequent storage of the dry product. A new quality of the component mixture is created in the form of the dry product according to the invention, whereby the binding agent coatings are formed more solid and thicker than those on the powdered particles due to the rolling pressure.

The use of auxiliary materials, in particular plastic adhesives, as well as complex heat treatments should also be avoided, thus significantly reducing the production costs for a marketable granulate binder product.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in further subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail using two embodiments and several drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first system according to the invention with a first mixing device and

a conveyor screw in side view,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section through the first mixing device with eccentrically arranged conveyor screw in the cylindrical riser pipe along the line I-I in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a second system with a second mixing device with several conveyor screws located therein in side view,

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the second mixing device and the second discharge device arranged transversely thereto in cross section along the line II-II in Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the second mixing device and the associated second discharge device in plan view along the line III-III in Fig. 3,

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a spherical granulate particle with a loose deposit of hydraulic binder before the particle-crumpling rolling process and

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the crumpled granulate particle with a rolled-on binder adhesive coating according to Fig. 5.

In Fig. 1 to 7, the reference numerals are retained for identical parts with identical functions.

In Fig. 1,2, a first plant 1 for producing a dry granulate binder product, in particular a

Polystyrene granulate-cement product 27 is shown, which has a first mixing device 2 with a first driven conveyor screw 9, a first discharge device 3 connected thereto with a subsequent first filling unit 4, wherein in the first mixing device 2 two components - a granulate 5 and a binding agent 6, in particular polystyrene granulate 5 and cement 6 - can be filled and mixed in dry form.

According to the invention, the first mixing device 2 has a housing-internal, preferably loop-like first mixture transport circulation path 86 which can be adjusted depending on the direction of rotation of the conveyor screw 9 and which has a first compression region 89 and a first return region 90 designed in the opposite direction, both of which are connected to the first discharge device 3, which can be closed, wherein the first compression region 89 contains the rotatably mounted first conveyor screw 9, to which a first compression wall 34 on the belly side, which is partially trough-like and at least partially slightly spaced, and a second compression wall 84 on the discharge side, which is preferably directed transversely to the riser pipe axis 38, are assigned in such a way that when the conveyor screw 9 rotates in the first compression region 89, a friction- and compression-related heating of the granulate particles occurs simultaneously with the component-distributing mixing process. 5 and the cement 6 and a particle-crumpling rolling of cement adhesive coatings 88 (Fig. 7) onto the polystyrene particles 5.

The first mixing device 2 in Fig. 1 includes a trough 10 and a screw conveyor 7, in particular a single-screw conveyor, which essentially consists of the cylindrical riser pipe 8 arranged rising at a first angle α.

and consists of the first conveyor screw 9 which is rotatably mounted therein. The hopper 10 which can be tightly closed with a cover 28 is arranged in the lower area of the single-screw conveyor 7 and in which a feeder conveyor screw (not shown) can also be installed inside, which feeds the components 5, 6 to the conveyor screw 9.

For this purpose, there is a lower through-opening 12 to the riser pipe 8 between the hopper 10 and the first conveyor screw 9. In the area of the other end of the riser pipe 8, which is located upwards, there is an upper through-opening 33 with the downstream, closable first discharge device 3 and, adjoining thereto, preferably inclined downwards, a tubular receiving storage container 13 which is assigned to the first filling unit 4 and has an adjustable discharge volume for the finished first dry product 27, the upper inlet opening 14 of which is provided with an upper cover flap 15 and the lower outlet opening 16 of which is provided with a lower bottom flap 17, the cover flap 15 and the bottom flap 17 preferably being pivotably mounted, which can simultaneously serve as closures of the first receiving storage container 13 when in a position perpendicular to the storage container axis 11. The two flaps 15, 17 are preferably assigned a rod 19 with which the flaps 15, 17 can be closed or opened manually by means of a lever 18 or two independent levers or automatically. The first conveyor screw 9 is connected to a first electric motor 20 via a first drive shaft 21.

The first system 1 preferably has a first frame 39 to which the first electric motor 20 is also attached.

The first grouting area 8 9 consists of a spatial first sub-area 891, which is defined by the pipe belly wall serving as the first grouting wall 34 and by the

Conveyor screw 9, in particular in the area of the belly-side flank envelope 23, and from a second partial area 892, which is essentially formed by the accumulation area in front of the discharge device wall 84 serving as the second compression wall when the cover flap 15 is closed.

The first conveyor screw 9, as shown in Fig. 2, is arranged eccentrically in the riser pipe 8, i.e. the screw shaft 21 is rotatably mounted parallel and spaced from the riser pipe axis 38 in such a way that the belly-side distance 22 between the flank-associated belly-side casing 23 of the first conveyor screw 9 and the cylindrical first compression wall 34 is smaller than the rear-side distance 24 between the flank-associated rear casing 25 and the cylindrical pipe rear wall 35. The belly-side flank casing 23 of the first conveyor screw 9 is preferably only a few centimeters away from the first compression wall 34 on the belly side, which, due to the small distance to the conveyor screw 9, represents an effective first partial area 891 of the compression area 89. In contrast, the rear distance 24 is dimensioned considerably larger and represents the first return area 90, which is designed as a free space, in the interior of the pipe along the pipe rear wall 35.

The first system 1 works as follows:

The components specified in terms of quantity - polystyrene granulate 5 and cement 6 - are filled into the trough 10, which is provided with a sieve 52 protecting against foreign bodies and which can be tightly closed with the cover 28. The polystyrene granulate 5 and the cement 6 are poured through the lower through-opening 12 and, after filling the trough 10 and the mixing device 2, are discharged from the

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inclined first conveyor screw 9. In the first partial area 891 of the pressing area 8 9, the conveyor screw 9 exerts a pressing pressure on the particles 5 located on the first pressing wall 34 in a mostly radial direction, whereby on the one hand heating can occur through rolling friction, static friction and sliding friction and on the other hand cement 6 can be rolled onto the thereby crumpled particles 5 through the existing pressing pressure when a predetermined temperature is reached.

Along the first partial area 891 of the first grouting area 89 on the tube belly side, the component mixture is conveyed diagonally upwards at the angle α against gravity into the accumulation area in front of the second grouting wall 84. As a result of the closed upper cover flap 15, discharge of the impinging component mixture is prevented. In the second partial area 892 in front of the second grouting wall 84, a press accumulation is formed which is essentially directed axially along the screw, with the conveyor screw 9 also exerting a pressing pressure on the mass of particles, i.e. on the accumulating component mixture, which also leads to pressing, friction, in particular static friction, sliding friction between the components among themselves and the second grouting wall 84, as well as to additional heating of the component mixture and at the same time to the rolling of cement coatings onto the heated particles. From the accumulation area, at least a part of the still untreated, unpressed, only transported part and the other treated part, modified by pressing, rolls back through the first return area 90 between the rear flank casing 25 and the pipe rear wall 35 over the conveyor screw 9 in the direction of the dump trough 10 due to gravity and forced displacement and is thereby again captured by the conveyor screw 9 and

repeatedly transported upwards in the loop-like rise-fall-rise transport circulation of the first mixture transport circulation section 8 6, wherein the repetition and circulation time of the mixing and pressing process can be adjusted depending on the filled quantities of the components 5,6 and the speed of the conveyor screw 9.

When the finished first dry product 27 is discharged, the upper lid flap 15 is opened with the bottom flap 17 closed. The resulting first dry product 27 according to the invention is transported into the hollow cylindrical receiving storage container 13. After a defined fill level has been reached in the first receiving storage container 13, the lower bottom flap 17 can be opened after the upper lid flap 15 has been closed again and the predetermined amount of the first dry product 27 can be removed. After the upper lid flap 15 has been closed, the rolling process in the mixing device 2 can be continued in the meantime. The first dry product 27 is expediently filled into packaging containers, in particular into paper bags 36.

3, 4 and 5 show a second system 29 with three conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 for producing a second dry polystyrene granulate-cement product 37. The second system 29, like the first system 1, essentially consists of a second mixing device 30, a connected second discharge device 31 and a downstream second filling unit 32, wherein the two components - e.g. polystyrene granulate 5 and cement 6 - can also be filled and mixed in the dry state in the second mixing device 30.

The second mixing device 30 has a closable, preferably box-like container, in particular in the form of

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a trough 40, above which three parallel conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 are rotatably mounted at a short distance from one another and directed in the longitudinal direction of the trough 40, which are driven by means of electric motors 47, 48, 49 via associated screw shafts 44, 45, 46.

The second mixing device 30 further contains a container wall opposite the discharge side 51, which serves as a third compression wall 50. Opposite the third compression wall 50 and the arranged electric motors 47, 48, 49, the second discharge device 31 is preferably arranged transversely axially on the discharge side 51 and is continuously connected to the second mixing device 30 through several trough openings 53, 72, 73, 74. Inside the approximately box-shaped, transversely arranged second discharge device 31 there is a discharge conveyor screw 54 which is rotatably mounted transversely to the three parallel conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 and is driven by a fifth electric motor 55. The second discharge device 31 is connected to a downstream, preferably downwardly inclined second filling unit 32 including the second receiving storage container 56 with adjustable discharge volume for receiving the second dry product 37 with the upper lid flap 15 and the bottom flap 17 spaced apart below it, which can preferably be connected to one another via a rod 19 for actuation. In the lower area of the second receiving storage container 56, the set-up packaging containers 36 can be filled with the second dry product 37 in stock.

Preferably, both the second mixing device 30 and the second storage container 56 contain suction line connections 57, 58, which lead via associated pipes 59, 60 to a suction device/dust removal system 61 which extracts the dust mist that occurs. When the lid 68 is closed,

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The dust mist remaining after the product manufacturing process or after filling the second dry product 37 is extracted in accordance with occupational health and safety regulations.

The second mixing device 30, the second discharge device 31 and the second filling unit 32 can be combined on a second frame 67 with a walkable platform 70, wherein the second mixing device 30 is arranged in a slope with a second angle to the horizontal platform, preferably β > 15°. Due to the slope, which relates in particular to the trough bottoms 62, 63 and the associated adapted conveyor screws 41, 42, the resulting gravity is to be used as a particle-acting compression resistance and for return transport.

The second discharge device 31 is located at the lower point and is attached there to the second mixing device 30.

The second mixing device 30 has a sealing cover on the filling side. 68 and a second collecting sieve 69. The second collecting sieve 69 is located above the trough 40. The components 5, 6 to be mixed are poured onto the second collecting sieve 69 and fall into the trough 40. Foreign bodies can be intercepted in this way. This also prevents the hand from reaching into the second mixing device 30. During the component mixing process, the second mixing device 30 is firmly closed with the cover 68. The second mixing device 30 has a second mixture transport circulation section 87 within its housing 65, which preferably runs parallel to the screw shafts 44, 45, 46 and consists of a second pressing area 91 and a second return area 92 and creates vortex-like structures when the conveyor screws rotate.

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41,42,43 particularly during the rolling process which crumples the particles 5.

Each of the three conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 is surrounded on its underside by a part-circle-like, preferably semi-circle-like trough 62, 63, 64, which is slightly spaced apart, preferably in the centimeter range, and which serves as the fourth, fifth and sixth compression walls of the trough sections 911 of the second compression area 91. The height of the semi-circular troughs 62, 63, 64 serving as compression walls is directed from the trough bottom 71, preferably up to the height of the screw shafts 44, 45, 46 of the conveyor screws 41, 42, 43. The troughs 62, 63, 64 are connected to one another via webs. The trough assembly is attached to the housing 65.

The distance between the conveyor screw flanks and the grouting wall semicircular troughs 62,63,64 spaced from the trough bottom 71 can therefore be a few centimeters and depends on the outer diameter of the conveyor screws 41,42,43. By means of the three conveyor screws 41,42,43 arranged parallel to one another, the grouting and mixing essentially takes place below the shaft in the trough sections 911 of the semicircular troughs 62,63,64 and the mixing of the components 5,6 takes place above the screw shafts of the semicircular troughs 62,63,64.

In the case of the pressing process, the second pressing area 91 consists of at least one trough section 911 between the half-pipe-walled troughs 62, 63, 64, which are parallel to one another and are introduced into the area of the trough pan 40, and in the conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 located a short distance therefrom, as well as of at least one front section 912, which is separated by a damming area between the respective front end of the conveyor screws 41, 42 and the closed discharge device 31 opposite and arranged transversely to the conveyor screw shafts 45, 46.

Container wall, which serves as the third compression wall 50.

The rotational speeds and directions of rotation 75,76,77 ; 78,79 of the conveyor screws 41,42,43 driven by the electric motors 47,48,49 can be variably set. The rotational speeds of the conveyor screws 41,42,43 can be set during pressing depending on the amount of components 5,6 to be mixed in such a way that a slow "rolling" of the components 5,6 is generated. When mixing and pressing the components 5,6, two of the parallel conveyor screws 41,42 (the central conveyor screw 42 in conjunction with an external conveyor screw 41) in Fig. 4 are switched in ascending order according to their pressing rotation directions 75,76, which press the component mixture at the second angle β. >15° rising against the third compression wall 50 opposite the second discharge device 31 and carries out a compression there that crumples the particles 5.
The return area 92 essentially contains the external third conveyor screw 43, which is arranged in a counter-rotating manner and has a return transport rotation direction 77 with respect to the second angle β> 15° downwards, and collects the mixture accumulating on the third compression wall 50 and pushed over into its area, which is continuously transported to the low-lying area in the trough 40. The mixture can also be compressed during its return transport in the associated trough section 911 and continues to mix the components 5, 6 in a downward direction. In this way, both a wave-vertical and wave-plane-parallel, vortex-like transport circulation is achieved in the second mixture transport circulation section 87 in the production process. The conveyor screws 41, 42 have the axial compression directions 751, 761 and 762 which increase at the second angle β of approximately 15°.

the conveyor screw 43 has the axial return transport direction 771 falling at the second angle β of approximately 15°.

After the end of the time-defined production process, at the beginning of the discharge, all three conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 are switched to the same direction of rotation with the return transport rotation directions 77, 78, 79 in relation to the shaft gradient, so that the accumulated press jam is also conveyed away from the third pressing wall 50 towards the second discharge device 31 and fed there to the second filling unit 32.

The second discharge device 31 is arranged transversely on the discharge side 51 of the trough 40 opposite the third pressing wall 50. The associated discharge conveyor screw 54 is located in a secondary housing 66, which e.g.

with the discharge-side trough openings 53,72,73,74 to the trough 4 0. The driven discharge conveyor screw 54 supports the discharge of the second dry product 37 from the second mixing device 30 into the filling unit 32. The second discharge device 31 is only put into operation when a transition from an initial component-distributing component mixing to a second dry product 37 having particles carrying binding agent adhesive coatings has occurred and no demixing is recognizable.

By means of an adjustable flap-rod control, the second dry product 37 can be removed from the second receiving storage container 56 of the associated filling unit 32, but defined filling dimensions can also be set.

In a permanent production process, the dry components 5,6 can also be fed to the mixing devices 2,30, in particular the trough 40, via an adjustable control

mechanically and pneumatically from associated component storage silos arranged in the surrounding area. The filling can take place, for example, at the third compression wall 50 opposite the discharge side 51.

The dosage of components 5, 6 depends on the specified composition of the end product to be realized, the second dry product 37. Instead of polystyrene granules from an initial production process, granules made from recycled polystyrene rigid foam can also be used, which reveals no difference in the quality of the dry products according to the invention in the final phase of production.

Another possibility is to set up two mixing devices with troughs in parallel or one above the other in a piggyback fashion. If the associated component mixture is conveyed in the direction of the discharge device by the screw's axial movement in addition to the vertical movement of the compression wall, the associated component mixture reaches the downstream trough. The product manufacturing process continues there. At the border to the second discharge device, the component-distributing mixing process is then essentially finished and the particle-related ramming and rolling takes place there, whereby both processes can also overlap in parallel.

The mixing devices according to the invention differ from conventional mixing containers in that a controlled pressing process can be carried out in them by means of a transport circulation of the component mixture provided with a counter-transport phase.

The process for producing the granulate binder dry product is explained below using Fig. 3,4,5:

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1. Filling the second mixing device 30 with the components 5,6,

2. Carrying out the component-distributing mixing and simultaneously the particle-associated pressing of the two components 5,6,

3. Adjustment of the speed and the directions of rotation 75,76,77; 78,79 of the conveyor screws 41,42,43 in such a way that the friction conditions in the semicircular troughs 62,63,64 and on the third compression wall 50 cause the component mixture to heat up,

4. Rolling the dry hydraulic binder 6 onto at least the edge areas of the crumpled surface of the granulate particles 5 which are heated due to compression and converting the component mixture into the second dry product 37,

5. Discharge of the second dry product 37.

Regranulated polystyrene foam can preferably be used as a particle component for producing the second dry products 37. The individual components 5, 6, in particular the regranulated polystyrene foam 5 and the hydraulic binder 6, are filled into the second mixing device 30 via the second collecting sieve 69. When the second mixing device 30 is closed, the component-distributing mixing process is carried out.

In this case, the parallel arranged, discharge-co-rotating and the discharge-counter-rotating/discharge-co-rotating switchable conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 mix the components 5, 6 in the usual way, whereby the conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 bring about the force-locking particle-associated connections of the components 5, 6 as follows:

The mixed or mixing components 5,6 are transported by the uniform movement of the counter-rotating conveyor screws 41,42 and the co-rotating

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2&ogr;

directed conveyor screw 43 to the bottoms of the semicircular troughs 62,63,64 in such a way that a short-term mechanical compression in edge areas of the particles 5 takes place with simultaneous friction of the components 5,6 in the trough area against each other.

The components 5, 6 return to the surface of the component mixture through the rotary movement of the conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 and from there, through the rotation of the screws, are pressed again in conjunction with friction to the semicircular trough bottom. The process can be repeated several times via a connected control device or via a timer. In addition to the vertical movement of the component mixture along the compression wall, the component mixture also moves axially along the screw, as shown in Fig. 4, 5.

As shown schematically in abstract form in Fig. 6,7, for example, in the corner area of the third compression wall 50 and the first semicircular trough 62, by superficial compression of the fixed particle 80 by means of the second conveyor screw 41 in the compression rotation direction 76 (Fig. 4) in the compression direction 85 with the hydraulic binding agent zone 83 adhering to the screw, a part of the hydraulic binding agent zones 82, 83 surrounding the particles and the screws are rolled onto the particle 80. Due to the particle-crumpling compression of the edge region zones 81 in conjunction with the mechanical friction in the area of the two binding agent zones 82, 83 with respect to one another, heating occurs briefly and at specific points with a transition to an obviously sticky state in the crumpled edge region zone 81 of the particle 80.

The state of flow behaviour (plastic state) is achieved for a short time in such a way that part of the

hydraulic binder zones 82,83 can bind to the particle 80 to form a binder adhesive coating 88. In this case, adhesion forces, in particular intermolecular forces of attraction in conjunction with chemical bonding forces between the edge region zone 81 and the hydraulic binder 6 can occur. How the exact connection between the surface 81 of the particles 5,80 and the binder 6 in the binder adhesive coating 88 exists is not the subject of the invention.

After pressing together and the accompanying friction of the binding agent zones 82, 83 present in the edge area zones 81, the further transport ensures that the particles with the resulting connections or coatings 88 are led out of the press jam, then cool down and harden stably. This is achieved by the particles 80 with the surface binding agent coatings 88 being conveyed by the conveyor screws 41, 42, 43 back to the surface of the component mixture, where the particles 5 can cool down briefly. The temperature of the heated mixture is below the temperature that is brought about by the brief pressing and leads to the flow behavior of the particle surface.

Since the pressing process is repeated several times, a large number of adhesive coatings 88 of the hydraulic binder 6 can firmly adhere to the surface of the particles 80. The dry product 27,37 is created from the component-distributed mixture by pressing.

By synchronizing the conveyor screws 41, 42 in relation to the rotation directions 78, 79 with the return rotation direction 77 of the third conveyor screw 43, the discharge can be carried out via the second discharge device 31. The finished dry product 37 is removed via the second filling unit 32 and can be fractionated.

The invention thus opens up the possibility of preventing the disruptive separation into the individual components 5, 6 to such an extent that the dry products 27, 37 each represent a ready-to-use finished product. This also enables long-term storage, robust transport and economical processing of the dry products 27, 37 immediately on site.

The practical design of the systems 1,29 with the inclined, angle-of-rise-related pressing mixing devices 2,30 makes it possible for components 5,6 mixed by the conveyor screws to be pressed against at least one of the container walls of the mixing devices in an approximately evenly distributed manner by at least one of the conveyor screws in such a way that, as a result of the pressing of the edge regions 81 of the granulate particles 5,80, the dry binding agent 6,82,83 is rolled onto the surfaces of the soft, air-containing granulate particles 5,80 to form a firmly held binding agent adhesive coating 88.

Furthermore, the systems 1,29 according to the invention are simple in manufacture and construction.

The dry products 27,37 according to the invention also reduce the economic costs of processing them, resulting in a reduction in working time, better handling and a reduction in storage volume.

List of reference symbols

1 first plant

2 first mixing device

3 first discharge device

4 first filling unit
5 first component

6 second component

7 Screw conveyors

8 Riser pipe

9 first conveyor screw 10 hopper

11 Filling container axis

12 lower passage opening

13 first storage container

14 upper entrance opening 15 upper cover flap

16 lower exit opening

17 lower floor flap

18 levers

19 rods

20 first electric motor

21 Drive shaft

22 abdominal distance

23 ventral flank covering

24 rear clearance

25 rear flank envelopes

26 Return direction

27 first dry product

28 Cover

29 second plant

30 second mixing device

31 second discharge device

32 second filling unit

33 upper passage opening

34 Pipe belly wall

30 35 rear first compression wall

36 Packaging container

37 second dry product

38 Riser axis

39 first frame 40 trough

41 second conveyor screw

42 third conveyor screw

43 fourth conveyor screw

44 first worm shaft 45 second worm shaft

46 third worm shaft

47 second electric motor

48 third electric motor

49 fourth electric motor

50 third grouting wall

51 Discharge side

52 first collecting sieve

53 first tub opening

54 Discharge screw conveyor 55 fifth electric motor

56 second storage container

57 first suction line connection

58 second suction line connection

59 first pipeline 0 60 second pipeline

61 Extraction device

62 first semicircular trough

63 second semicircular trough

64 third semicircular recess 65 housing

66 Sub-housing

67 second frame

68 Lid

69 second collecting sieve 70 platform

71 Trough bottom

72 second tub opening

73 third tub opening

74 fourth tub opening

75 Press rotation direction

751 axial pressing direction

7 6 Press rotation direction

7 61 axial pressing direction

77 first return transport rotation direction 771 axial return transport direction

78 second return transport rotation direction

79 third return transport rotation direction

80 particles

81 Border zone

82 first binder zone

83 second binder zone

84 second grouting wall

85 pressing direction of rotation

86 first mixture transport circulation line 87 second mixture transport circulation line

88 Binder adhesive coating

8 9 first pressing area

891 first section

892 second part

90 first return area

91 second pressing area

911 trough sections

912 Front section

92 second return area

α first rise angle of the first mixing device

β second rise angle of the second mixing device

Claims (23)

1. Plant for the production of dry granulate-binder products, in particular polystyrene granulate-cement products, containing a mixing device with a driven conveyor screw, a discharge device connected thereto with a subsequent filling unit, wherein components - at least one granulate and at least one binder - can be filled into the mixing device in dry form and mixed to form a mixture, characterized in that the mixing device ( 2 , 30 ) has a mixture transport circulation path ( 86 , 87 ) inside the housing, which can be adjusted depending on the direction of rotation ( 85 ; 75 , 76 , 77 ) of the conveyor screw ( 9 ; 41 , 42 , 43 ), which has at least one pressing area ( 89 , 891 , 892 ; 91 , 911 , 912 ) and at least one return area ( 90 ; 92 ) which are connected to the discharge device ( 3 , 61 ), which is closable, wherein in the pressing region ( 89 , 891 , 892 ; 91 , 911 , 912 ) there is at least one rotatably mounted conveyor screw ( 9 ; 41 , 42 , 43 ) is present, to which at least one compression wall ( 34 , 84 ; 62 , 63 , 50 ) which is partially paraxially trough-like and/or transversely axially directed and adapted to the screw spacing is assigned in such a way that when the conveyor screw ( 9 ; 41 , 42 ) rotates in the compression region ( 89 , 891 , 892 ; 91 , 911 , 912 ), a friction- and compression-related heating of the components ( 5 , 6 ) and a particle-crumpling rolling of binder adhesive coatings ( 88 ) onto the granulate particles ( 5 ; 80 ) takes place simultaneously with the mixing process. 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing device ( 2 ) essentially has a riser pipe ( 8 ) arranged to rise at an angle (α) - with a pipe rear wall ( 35 ) and a pipe belly wall ( 34 ) - and therein a conveyor screw ( 9 ) directed from the riser pipe axis ( 38 ) to the pipe belly wall ( 34 ), paraxially spaced and rotatably mounted, wherein at the lower region of the riser pipe ( 8 ) a dumping trough ( 10 ) which can be tightly closed with a cover ( 28 ) is arranged for receiving the individual components ( 5 , 6 ). 3. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that between the trough ( 10 ) and the riser pipe ( 8 ) there is a lower through-opening ( 12 ) and in the region of the other end of the riser pipe ( 8 ) located upwards there is an upper through-opening ( 33 ) with the connected discharge device ( 3 ) and the filling unit ( 4 ) arranged downstream therefrom, preferably inclined downwards. 4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the filling unit ( 4 ) contains a receiving storage container ( 13 ) whose volume can be adjusted for the finished dry product ( 27 ), the upper inlet opening ( 14 ) of which is provided with an upper cover flap ( 15 ) and the lower outlet opening ( 16 ) of which is provided with a lower bottom flap ( 17 ), the cover flap ( 15 ) and the bottom flap ( 17 ) preferably being pivotably mounted in the middle of the pipe in relation to their diameter, which, in a position perpendicular to the storage container axis ( 11 ), simultaneously serve as closures of the first receiving storage container ( 13 ), and the two flaps ( 15 , 17 ) are preferably assigned to a rod ( 19 ) with which the flaps ( 15 , 17 ) can be adjusted manually by means of a lever ( 18 ) or two mutually independent levers or automatically. 5. Plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing area ( 89 ) consists of a first spatial sub-area ( 891 ) which is delimited on the one hand by the pipe belly wall ( 34 ) and on the other hand by the conveyor screw ( 9 ) directed towards the pipe belly wall ( 34 ) and arranged eccentrically to the riser pipe axis ( 38 ), in particular in the area of the belly-side flank envelope ( 23 ) which is at a short distance, and of a second sub-area ( 892 ) which is essentially formed by the front area to the discharge device wall ( 84 ) and to the cover flap ( 15 ) when the discharge device ( 3 ) is closed. 6. Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that in the riser pipe ( 8 ) the belly-side distance ( 22 ) between the belly-side flank envelope ( 23 ) of the conveyor screw ( 9 ) and the associated pipe belly wall ( 34 ) opposite the flank envelope ( 23 ) is smaller than the rear-side distance ( 24 ) between the rear flank envelope ( 25 ) of the conveyor screw ( 9 ) and the associated pipe rear wall ( 35 ) opposite the flank envelope. 7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the belly-side distance ( 22 ) is preferably a few centimeters. 8. Plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the return region ( 90 ) having a gradient (-α) in the riser pipe interior is predetermined by the rear-side, larger-dimensioned, free-space distance ( 24 ) between the rear flank envelope ( 25 ) and the pipe rear wall ( 35 ) across the conveyor screw ( 9 ). 9. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing device ( 30 ) is a closable, preferably box-like container, preferably a trough ( 40 ), above which drivable conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) are rotatably mounted, arranged in parallel and provided with a rise (β), directed in the longitudinal direction of the trough ( 40 ), and has a container wall opposite the discharge side ( 51 ) as a compression wall ( 50 ), wherein the preferably transversely arranged discharge device ( 31 ) is attached to the discharge side ( 51 ), which is continuously connected to the mixing device ( 30 ) through several trough openings ( 53 , 72 , 73 , 74 ). 10. Plant according to claim 9, characterized in that within the discharge device ( 31 ) there is a discharge conveyor screw ( 54 ) which is rotatably mounted transversely to the parallel conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) and is connected to the downstream, preferably downwardly inclined filling unit ( 32 ) in which there is a volume-adjustable receiving container ( 56 ) for receiving and subsequently filling the dry product ( 37 ). 11. Plant according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that each of the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) is surrounded by a slightly spaced trough ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) of larger diameter in a part-circular, preferably semi-circular manner, the heights of the semi-circular troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) being directed from the trough bottom ( 71 ) preferably up to the height of the screw shafts ( 44 , 45 , 46 ) of the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ). 12. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) are connected to one another in the intermediate spaces ( 41-42 , 42-43 ) between the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) and are fastened to the housing ( 65 ). 13. Plant according to at least one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the pressing area ( 91 ) is made up of at least one first trough part area ( 911 ) between the half-pipe-walled troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) introduced into the area of the trough pan ( 40 ) and directed parallel to one another and the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) located at a short distance , and at least one second front part area ( 912 ) which is formed by a damming area between the front end of the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 ) and the container wall ( 50 ) opposite the discharge device ( 31 ) and arranged transversely to the conveyor screw shafts ( 44 , 45 ) as a pressing wall. is formed, exists. 14. Plant according to claim 13, characterized in that the distance of the conveyor screw flanks to the semicircular troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) spaced from the trough bottom ( 71 ) is a few centimeters and is dependent on the outer diameter of the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ), wherein by means of the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) arranged parallel to one another, essentially the pressing and mixing takes place below the shaft in the region of the semicircular troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ) and a mixing of the components ( 5 , 6 ) takes place above the shaft of the semicircular troughs ( 62 , 63 , 64 ). 15. Plant according to claim 14, characterized in that the rotational speed and the direction of rotation ( 75 , 76 , 77 ; 78 , 79 ) of the driven conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) are variably adjustable. 16. Plant according to claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the return area ( 92 ) essentially includes the external third conveyor screw ( 43 ) and its surroundings, wherein the conveyor screw ( 43 ) is arranged to rotate in the opposite direction to the pressing conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 ) and has a return transport rotation direction ( 77 ) with respect to the second angle β> 15° downwards and captures the mixture accumulating on the third pressing wall 50 , pushed over into its area and continuously transports it to the low-lying area in the trough 40 . 17. Plant according to claims 9 to 16, characterized in that both the mixing device ( 30 ) and the filling unit ( 32 ) preferably have suction line connections ( 57 , 58 ) which lead via associated pipes ( 59 , 60 ) to a suction device/dust removal system ( 61 ) which extracts the dust mist that occurs, wherein when the lid ( 68 ) is closed, the dust mist present after the product manufacturing process or after the filling of the dry product ( 37 ) can be extracted in accordance with occupational safety regulations. 18. Plant according to claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the mixing device ( 30 ), the discharge device ( 31 ) and the filling unit ( 32 ) are placed on a frame ( 67 ) with a preferably walkable horizontal platform ( 70 ), wherein the mixing device ( 30 ) is arranged in relation to the horizontal platform at an incline with a gradient angle of preferably β > 15° in the direction of the discharge device ( 31 ). 19. Plant according to claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the mixing device ( 30 ) has a lid ( 68 ) and a collecting sieve ( 69 ) on the filling side and is sealed and firmly closed with the lid ( 68 ) during the component mixing process. 20. Plant according to at least one of the preceding claims 9 to 19, characterized in that during mixing and pressing of the components ( 5 , 6 ) some of the parallel conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 ) are mounted so as to rise in accordance with their pressing rotation directions ( 75 , 76 ), which transport the component mixture at an angle β> 15° so as to rise against the pressing wall ( 50 ) opposite the discharge device ( 31 ), creating a jam area and there carry out jam pressing which crumples the granulate particles ( 5 , 80 ), and the conveyor screws ( 43 ) assigned to the return area ( 92 ) rotate in opposite directions and at the same angle β> 15° with the return transport rotation direction ( 77 ), the component mixture on a gradient at an angle β > 15° downwards, wherein the conveyor screw ( 43 ) intended essentially for return transport captures the accumulating mixture conveyed over from the front part region ( 912 ). 21. Plant according to claims 9 to 20, characterized in that a vortex-like transport circulation ( 86 ) associated with the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 , 43 ) and directed parallel to the screw shaft plane can be achieved in which the conveyor screws ( 41 , 42 ) have the axial compression directions ( 751 , 761 ) rising at the second angle β of approximately 15° and the conveyor screw ( 43 ) has the axial return transport direction ( 771 ) falling at the second angle β of approximately 15°, whereby the mixture jams accumulating on the container walls ( 50 , 51 ) are reduced. 22. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the dosage of the components ( 5 , 6 ) depends on the predetermined composition of the dry product ( 27 , 37 ). 23. Dry granulate-binder product ( 27 , 37 ) containing at least one granulate ( 5 ) and at least one binder ( 6 ) in a predetermined mixing ratio and produced by means of the systems ( 1 ; 29 ) according to claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the granulate particles ( 5 , 80 ) have binder adhesive coatings ( 88 ) rolled onto their surface under an adjustable pressing pressure.