DE2052142A1 - Phosphorus and nitrogenous fertilizers - Google Patents

Description

In Italian patents 791 653 and 830 783 are compounds the general formula:

EO O

jL xixxo

wherein X denotes the group NH ₂ or R'O and R and E ¹ , which are identical or different, represent straight-chain or branched alkyl groups of low or medium molecular weight, are described as new soil fertilizers.

The outstanding property of these new fertilizers is their "mobility" and "independence" from the soil, which

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cannot be obtained with any of the conventional phosphate fertilizers.

It is well known that when the soil comes into contact with conventional phosphate fertilizers, it tends to do so To withdraw nutrient element and to bind it so that the plant cannot freely dispose of it according to its requirements. The advantages obtained by using the fertilizers according to the above-mentioned patents are precisely thereon attributed to the fact that the plant can easily absorb the nutrient element from the soil when required, since between the soil and there is no competition for the plant in terms of fertilizer, which the utilization of phosphorus with the usual Mineral fertilizers supplied would significantly reduce its provision for nutritional requirements would not allow the plant at the right time if necessary.

It has now surprisingly been found that those described in Italian patents 791 653 and 830 783 as soil fertilizers Compounds by spray application on the above-ground part of the plants with great advantage over the Phosphorus-nitrogen fertilizers previously used as foliar fertilizers can be used. This particular use is essentially the subject of the present invention.

It is well known that leaf fertilization can be effective and timely in the critical stages of plant growth and the Development intervenes in order to eliminate particular malfunctions or anomalies in the adsorption of the nutrients to correct, e.g. if the adsorption by the roots decreases considerably due to low temperatures or is delayed.

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Since the penetration through the leaf surface and the utilizability of the compounds used according to the invention is remarkably greater than that of the general as Foliar fertilizers used phosphorus nitrogen fertilizers, is their use is not only beneficial in the particular situation mentioned above, but they can also be used to advantage widely applied to the phosphorus-nitrogen fertilization of the soil in a simpler and cheaper way essentially to supplement or largely replace.

There are, as is well known, huge "agricultural" areas especially in developing countries with extensive agriculture, both of which because of the small amount of Natural phosphate intake would also be required because of the very high binding power of the soil, the soil very much to supply large and therefore costly quantities of phosphate material to a considerable increase in agricultural Generation to achieve. It has been found that when using a certain number of drops of aqueous solutions with a content of methoxyphosphoxyamide (P), dimethoxy-

<in 'zn

phosphoxyamide (P), diammonium phosphate (P) with feed equal amounts of the active compounds on bean leaves equal the inwardly penetrated amounts of P to that of methoxyphosphoxyamide and dimethoxyphoBphoxyamid are derived approximately 20 hours after application were noticeably larger than

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the amounts of P derived from diammonium phosphate. Radiation photographs were taken of the treated leaves (after the non-penetrated compounds had been removed) and other plant parts (leaves, stems, roots) of the plants treated in the above manner.

The results obtained show that P derived from the products spreads predominantly from the application zone

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the vascular canals, both in the direction of the leaf tip as also moved the other way around. The rate of diffusion is directly related to the rate of penetration.

There was also a movement from leaf to leaf and also a higher concentration in the newly formed leaves as well a movement of P in the root system was also observed.

Some tests have also been carried out to determine whether the above properties are shared by the alkoxyphosphoxyamides make it particularly suitable for use in foliar fertilization, in practice really beneficial effects on the quantity and quality of field production.

To further illustrate the invention, the results of two fertilization tests are described below, without that the invention is intended to be limited thereby.

Attempt foliar fertilization of beans

The Yersuch was made with beans from the culture "lingua di fuoco nano" carried out for each experimental test in 20 pots with a diameter of 24 cm each and with a content of 7 kg of earth were sown. After sowing, the pots were kept under natural environmental conditions. The foliar fertilization was done by spraying

1) with methoxyphosphoxide flow

2) with dimethoxyphosphoxyamide (PDA),

3) with diammonium phosphate (TBA),

while in one case, for comparison purposes, monocalcium phosphate (FMC) and urea were added prior to sowing the soil.

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The sowing was carried out on May 15, 1969.

Treatment method: Twice spraying was carried out on June 17, 1969 Tdzw. on June 24, 1969 with 200 ecm and 250 ecm from
aqueous solutions with a content of 1.4 $> PDM, 1.6% and 1.7% respectively PDA FBA performed.

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Harvest: carried out on July 28, 1969

Experimental tests

Number number number weight of the grains production plants pods grains .. dry rose in

° reference to

^{δ δ} the comparison

try green dry

on a dry basis

% P ₀ O ₁ -

O I. comparative
search 60 190 674 412.07 CO
CO
NJ I.
σ » SMC + urea
(to the earth
set) 60 196 645 413.21 I. PBA 60 195 680 418.04 OO
O 60 202 709 453.18 PDA 60 208 807 534.20

198.17 100 100

187.00 100.27 94.36

204.96 101.44 103.42

222.03 109.97 112.04

238.66 129.63 120.43

1.18 3.98

1.12 3.98 1.18 4.30 1.23 4.11 1.26 4.03

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The total amount P ₂ ⁰ ^ 'contained ^{in the liquid sprayed in the various} "experiments" was the same for all products and, based on the area of the earth in the pots, was equivalent to 45 kg PO ₅ M or 17.69 kg / ha M "for FMD, 8.89 kg / ha Ii for FDA and 17.77 kg / ha H for FBA, while an amount of 100 kg was used for fertilizing the soil with FMC + urea P ₂ O ₅ / ha and 35 kg K / ha is equivalent.

The amounts of active substances that actually came into contact with the aboveground part of the plants were due to the inevitable losses that occur in the atmosphere during spraying are lower than those mentioned above Amounts.

The contact of the spray liquids with the earth was carefully guess.

Attempt at foliar fertilization of wheat

The experiment was carried out in the open field with autumn seed wheat from the Marzotto culture according to the following treatment scheme:

1st attempt

T: comparison test without fertilization

Second attempt

U: Top dressing with urea on February 2nd, 1970 with an amount equivalent to 95 kg urea nitrogen / ha.

3 * attempt

FDA + urea: top dressing with urea on February 2nd, 1970

with an amount equivalent to 94.5 kg of urea nitrogen per hectare. Spraying the Wheat plants on Feb. 2, 1970 with a 2 # technical FDA solution in one

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Amount of 250 l / ha to provide 2.5 kg of P ₂ O ₅ and 0.5 kg of nitrogen / ha.

The amount of nitrogen supplied per hectare that both comes from both urea and the FDA, was therefore 95 kg equivalent.

4th attempt

FMC + U: Monocalcium phosphate added before sowing, submerged in the earth to a depth of approximately 10 cm in

an amount of 50 kg P ₂ O per hectare.

Top dressing with urea in the amount of 95 kg

Nitrogen.

ρ The test was carried out with areas of 36 m each.

Each experiment was repeated 6 times.

The table below shows the average grain production per hectare under moisture conditions of X3 9 & specified in each case.

Experimental tests production per piece

Quintals / ha T = 100

T 49.33 100

U 57.25 116

FDA + U 62.89 127.6

FMC + U 63.28 128

The above results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of FDA as a foliar fertilizer.

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Simply spraying 2 5 & Lgem PDA at the time indicated above, which corresponds to an increase of only 2.5 kg P ₂ O ^ per hectare, has an increase in production of 5.64 quintals per hectare compared to urea nitrogen only fertilized wheat to the pole. This increase is only slightly less than the increase using 50 kg P ₂ Oc supplied as KiM before sowing. From the above results it can be seen that foliar fertilization proves to be more effective than soil fertilization even when P ₂ O ^ amounts less than half of the amounts applied to the soil (beans) have been applied by spraying.

If 20 times less PgO ^ amounts than that of the soil (wheat) The same efficacy resulted.

It has been found that the SVfttmlsee associated with the following General formula I products

OH ₅ O CH, 0

PMD \ P - NH ₂ and PDA ^ P- NH ₂

H ₂ N Λ \

^ά 0

when applied to beans are considerably better were than the results obtained with PBA. The results achieved with PDA are particularly important in context with the fact that the amount of N supplied with this product was remarkably less than that with the other materials applied amount. In the course of the tests it was also found that the compounds according to the invention in various Species of field crops are less phytotoxic than PBA. This Eatsaohe is great for its practical use important.

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The use of spray liquids with a higher concentration of active substance can exert beneficial effects of greater importance on vegetation, while the Number of treatments can obviously be reduced.

The products according to the invention can, without any damage, contain nutritional elements which are essential for the improvement of nutritional problems are useful in plants, such as Hi, Zn, le, Cu, Mn, etc., and also with insect, mite, and fungus-relieving agents are combined so that, together with foliar fertilization, other beneficial lifting effects for the development, the Growth and / or protection against pests of the plant with notable technical and economic advantages be achieved.

According to the invention, therefore, agents which are particularly suitable for phosphorus-containing nitrogen leaf fertilization, as well as Means created during the fertilization itself with other means necessary for the development, growth and / or the Pest control of the crops are useful, can be combined.

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Claims (5)

1. Fertilizers for use on leaves, characterized in that that they contain at least one compound of the general formula as active ingredient wherein X denotes the group BH ″ or R ¹ O ″ and R and R ^″ , which are identical or different, represent straight-chain or branched alkyl groups of low or medium molecular weight., contain. 2. Methoxyphosphoxydiamide as a new fertilizer for foliar application. 3. Dirnethoxyphosphoxyamide as a new fertilizer for the Application to leaves. 4. Fertilizer mixtures with a content of one or more compounds according to claim 1 to 3 as the sole (r) active ingredient (s) or in combination with other substances, the one fertilizing, oligodynamic and / or pesticidal Have an effect. - 11 - 109820/2280 M / 11286 tf! 5. Use of compounds or mixtures of compounds according to the preceding claims for foliar fertilization. 308 / Hp. - 12 - 109820/2280