DE1918962A1 - Milling machine for processing toothed workpieces, e.g. for chamfering the tooth edges or ends on toothed wheels - Google Patents

Description

Precision Gear Machines & Φα als- limited
Red. Ring Works, Bodmln Road,

Wyken, Coventry

Milling machine for processing toothed workpieces, e.g. for beveling the Zabnkanten or endeai

Gears;

The invention: relates to a milling machine for machining Toothed workpieces, e.g. «chamfering,! branding or specialist work on the tooth edge» or - ends on gears or other toothed workpieces Within an automatically running work cycle that can be adapted to the workpiece to be machined *

A possible application of the milling machine according to the invention, however, by no means the only one, is the chamfering of OauenkuppTung parts, as it is in automatic Gearboxes are used »The chamfering is necessary here, around the engagement of the claw clutches in a certain Ead to be selected for automatic transmissions, in which all gears are constantly connected to each other Stay engaged, facilitate "

The invention accordingly relates to a milling machine for processing toothed workpieces, e.g. for chamfering the tooth edges or ends on gears, with an in a lame arranged, rotatable and axially displaceable Facility for the workpiece. The invention characterizes through at least one milling spindle, which is in the area of the axial movability of the workpiece clamping device is attached and one the clamping device

1818962

rotating in timing with their axial movement Drive.

The invention is based on one in the The exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing is explained in more detail.

Ee shows it.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the machine according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a section through one of the

Machine according to Fig. 1 attached Wexk.- tool heads,

Fig, 3 is a vertical section through the

Machine frame and the tool spindle of the machine according to Fig. T,

Fig. 4 is a section through. Fig. 3 on the Mnie If -

Fig. 5 is a partial view of Fig. £ * seen xn> sighting Ä.es Ef eiis T _r

Fig. 6 is a section through Fig. 3 on the Mreie

to Fig »7 a ifeilaÄSie & t of Fig. 4 * pages in ·

js. "Sighting the Eieils ¥ II _f

- * Fig. 8 a section * through Fig. 1 on the Mziie S Till -

9 shows a section through another EXAMPLE OF A WORKING HEAD,

Pig · Io a section representation corresponding to Pig · 4 another embodiment,

Pig. 11 a section through, one in the arrangement Workpiece spindle to be used according to Pig · Io,

Pig 12 a section corresponding to Pig II through another exemplary embodiment,

Pig. 13 a section through Pig. 12 on the line Uli - XIII and

Pig. 14 is a partial view of the pig. 13 »seen in the direction of the arrow ZIY.

In Pig. 1 is a machine according to the invention in perspective Front view shown. It consists of a frame labeled Io, which is usually placed on the Ground rests. A tool slide 11 is slidable in the vertical direction in guides 13 on a column 12 led. The column .. 12 is with the help of guides 14 Can be moved horizontally on the frame Io arranged. The column 12 can be moved with the aid of a spindle (not shown) arranged in the frame Io The adjusting spindle is connected to a hydraulic cylinder in the machine, so that the column with The spindle can first be brought into a basic setting using the help of the spindle. Hit help of the hydraulic cylinder is then the column with the tools between a working position in the vicinity of the workpiece spindle and moved to a position in which the tool is withdrawn from the workpiece so that the latter is clamped and unclamped can be. The carriage 11 is in the guides 13 with

Ö698AS / 1071

With the help of a spindle 15 adjustable, so that the Position of the slide 11 to the workpiece spindle, which is also arranged in the frame Io, changed can be·

The carriage 11 is equipped with a milling head 2o, which is shown in more detail in Pig, 2. The milling head 2o is driven by one on the slide 11 mounted electric motor driven by a belt drive 23 and a horizontal shaft 24. Jml sledge a second milling head can be attached, which is then also supported by the shaft 24, which will be explained later Way is driven. Both milling heads 2o are mounted on the carriage 11 in such a way that they are in a horizontal position Direction to the left or right (based on FIG. 1) in relation to the workpiece spindle 12 can be adjusted can. Screws 22 are used to fix the tool heads is transmitted, the drive shafts are designed as spline shafts. The milling heads can around the Shaft 24 can be pivoted so that the angle that the Tool to the workpiece occupies, can be changed.

In Fig. 2, the milling head 2o is shown in detail. The head consists of a housing 3o which is fastened to the slide 11 with the aid of the screws 22. the The actual tool spindle is housed in a housing part 31 which has a sleeve-shaped projection 32 engages in an opening 33 in the housing 3o. The projection 32 is in the housing 3o through an end plate 34 secured with the help of nuts and bolts. The plate 34 and the nuts 35 serve at the same time to set the housing part 31 to the housing 3o in the desired angular position. the

90984S / 1071

The angular position can be read from the graduation shown in Pig »1 at 36.

In the housing part 31 there is a tool spindle 4o, which has an insertion end and a clamping device serves to hold a cutting tool, e.g. a milling cutter. The tool spindle 4o is in suitable bearings supported in the housing part designated 41. There is a bevel gear on the spindle 4o 42 attached, the i * i with another bevel gear 43 Engagement is. The bevel gear 43 sits on the shaft 24, which in turn is in bearings within the housing 3 protruding projection is mounted.

Suitable seals are arranged on the shaft 24 and the spindle 4o in order to protect the device from the outside to encapsulate.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross section through the workpiece spindle 16, which is in the machine frame Io is housed. The workpiece spindle 16 is at its upper or workpiece-side end with a Splash 5o equipped. In the plan 5o there is a recess 51 and a number of blind holes 52, so that a workpiece clamping device (not shown) can be fastened exactly centrally on the spindle 16. The spindle 16 is rotatable in the machine frame Io in a socket 53 provided at the upper end of the spindle. The socket 53 is held by a sleeve 54, which in turn is rotatable, but fixed in the axial direction, of bearings 62 is held. Another bearing is at the lower end of the spindle 16 by a bearing bush 55 formed.

© 09845 / 1.071

The spindle 16 is rotated with the aid of a worm wheel 6o which is attached to the sleeve 54. The sleeve 54 is firmly connected to the spindle in such a way that the drive connection to the rotary drive is constantly maintained, but the spindle 16 can perform axial movements . The axial movement is made possible by the fact that two driver rollers 63 are arranged in the sleeve 54 and engage in keyways on the spindle 16. The driver rollers 63 are arranged eccentrically and adjusted so that W between the spindle 16 and the neck 54 there is no play.

The spindle 16 is moved in the axial direction by a rocking lever 7o which is fastened on a shaft 71 is. As can be seen from Mg. 4, the shaft 71 is supported in the frame Io. The rocker arm 7o is fork-shaped. A pin 72 is provided on each arm of the fork. The pegs 72. grip opposite sides into slots 73, which are provided in a slock 74. The block 74 rotatably includes the spindle 16. The block is against axial movement with respect to the spindle 16 by means of thrust bearings 75 and one screwed onto the spindle 16 Stop ring 76 secured. The rocker arm 7ο and the pin 72 prevent the Block 74 rotates with spindle 16.

It follows from this that the spindle 16 from the worm wheel 6 ο can be set in rotation and that at the same time, controlled by the shaft 71, in Direction to the working head can be shifted axially.

In Figures 4 and 5, the device for axial Displacement of the spindle 16 shown »The shaft

909845/1071

rests in bearings in the frame lo. At one end of the wave a firmly connected lever 9o is attached. The lever 9o carries a bolt 91 at its free end. This sleeve 91 engages with a control groove 92 which is cut into a control disk 93. The control disk 93 is attached to a shaft 94, which in turn is supported in bearings in the machine frame Io is·

An electric motor 95 is arranged on Bahmen Io, which the Shaft 94 via a gear 96 with variable transmission ratio and drives a fixed ratio gearbox 99. On the output shaft A gear 97 is attached to the gear 99, which is a gear provided on the cam disk 93 98, which sits on the shaft 94, is singly

As shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, at the end of the camshaft 94 opposite the squat 93, a drive part is provided which has the form of a lever loo and is provided at its free ends with a rotatable bolt lol. This sleeve lol is used to engage a ratchet wheel Io2 designed in the manner of a holder cross. The ratchet wheel Io2 is arranged on a splined shaft Io3, which is rotatable in bearings in the frame. The arrangement is made in such a way that the ^{v takes place} from the shaft Io3 to a splined shaft Io4 which is also rotatably mounted in the frame Io via a set of change gears io8. The gear ratio depends on the change gears used in each case. A worm Io5, which meshes with the worm wheel 6o arranged on the workpiece spindle 16, is provided on the shaft Io4. The shaft Io4 is accommodated in a housing Io8, which can be rotated eccentrically to the shaft Io4 in the frame Io, so that the play between * power transmission 909845/1071

Worm and worm wheel can be suppressed.

It follows from this that the spindle 16 for each Revolution of the camshaft 94 is gradually rotated by a rotation angle, the size of which Gear ratio of the change gears Io8 between depends on the waves Io3 and Io4. At the same time, the Spindle 16 in the axial direction and in timing with the indexing movement by the Cam 93 moves. The wheels 97 and 98 and the gear ratio in the gearbox 96 determine the speed, with which the incremental rotary movements and axial movements of the spindle 16 carry out.

Instead of the Maltheeerkreuzee mechanism as it is in As shown in the drawing, two intermeshing gears can also be used which rotate the spindle 16 continuously at a speed which is the size of the change gears between waves Io3 and Io4. This continuous rotation becomes a matter of course Timed to the axial movement of the spindle 16, which this undergoes by the cam 93, coordinated. Of the Replacement of the Malther cross mechanism is made easier by the fact that shafts 94 and Io3 are grooved and thereby the parts of said mechanism can be easily removed. Also the change gears The supporting lever is interchangeable for this purpose. If the Maltese cross mechanism is through a pair of wheels which generate a transmission from shaft 94 to shaft Io3 in a ratio of 4: 1, the result is the same rotational movement of the spindle 16

9098Λ5 / 1071

per revolution of the camshaft 94 »as before when using the mechanism mentioned.

Pig. 9 shows a modified embodiment for the tool head 2o. This arrangement is particular to be used when a second tool head is provided on the slide 11. The one in Pig. 9 included Share that with those in Pig. 2 match are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the Arrangement according to Pig. 9, the shaft 24 is extended beyond the 'upper end of the tool spindle 4o and provided with a spigot end. The second (not shown) tool head is with its shaft 24 inserted into the insertion end of the shaft 24 on the first head, so that the driving force is applied to both tool spindles is transmitted and at the same time there is the possibility of the transverse distance between the to change both tool spindles.

Pig. Io represents an arrangement similar to Pig. 3 and shows a modified embodiment of the Mechanism by which the workpiece spindle 16 is moved in the axial direction with the aid of the shaft 71. the with Pig. 4 matching parts are provided with the same reference numbers and are not explained in more detail.

The electric motor 95 is in turn attached to the frame Io, however, drives the camshaft 94 via a worm drive 2oo, which is also attached to the frame Io is. The power transmission also goes through two wheels 2ol and 2o2, which are on the output shaft of the .Schneckentriebs 2oo or next to the cam disk 93 on the shaft 94 are attached. The electric motor can be switched between two speeds and runs at 14oo or 28oo rpm. With the help of the two

909845/1071

- Io -

wheels 2ol and 2o2, which in this embodiment are shown and which can be interchanged, it follows that the shaft 94 with four different speeds can be driven, namely in the present case with 47, 67, 94 or 134 rpm.

The shaft Io4 is connected to a bevel gear 2o3, which is connected to one in fig. Il illustrated annular Bevel gear 2o9 is in engagement. The latter bevel gear drives the work spindle 16.

Pig. 11 shows, in a schematic section through the tool spindle 16, the arrangement according to FIG. The machine parts that are the same as those in Pig 3, have the same reference numbers and are not explained in more detail. The spindle 16 is rotatable and axially movable in the frame Io with the help a bearing bush 2o4 mounted at its upper end. The sleeve is in a housing 2o5, which is inside of the frame Io is attached.

The bearing bush 2o4. is provided with a cylindrical bore, which is also cylindrical Spindle 16 includes. The can is on the outside

204 conically shaped. Correspondingly conical ~ is the opening in the housing 2o5 that receives the sleeve 2o4. The axial position of the sleeve 2o4 in the housing

205 can be changed with the help of a plate 2o6 · The Plate 2o6 is screwed onto the upper end of the sleeve 2o4 and lies in a recess 2o7 of the Housing 2o5, in which it is fastened by countersunk screws 2o8. By turning the plate 2o6 opposite of the sleeve 2o4, the axial position of the sleeve 2o4 in the housing 2o5 can thus be changed. Before the

9098Λ5 / 1071

Adjustment, the countersunk screws 2o8 are loosened and reattached after adjustment · The cone angle at the bearing bush 2o4 becomes proportionate Chosen small · Saher can be the inner diameter of the Bush 2o4 and thus the bearing play with respect to the spindle 16 influenced by axial adjustment will·

The spindle 16 is driven in rotation by an annular bevel gear 2o9 which is attached to a sleeve 21o is · The HUse 21o is keyed onto the spindle 16. It lies between two thrust bearings 211 which are held in place by a plate 212.

You spindle 16 is viewed in the axial direction by a rocker arm 7ο in the same way as in the context described with Fig. 3, moved

fig · 12 shows a modified embodiment for The workpiece spindle · parts that correspond to Fig. 11 are given the same reference numerals and are not explained in more detail. In contrast to FIG. 12, the bearing bush 2o4 is clamped by a gate Ball bearing 22o replaces · The inner and outer rings of the ball bearing have cylindrical surfaces so that the Spindle 16 movable in the axial direction and at the same time is supported in radial sighting. There is also the wedge between the sleeve 21o and the spindle 16 from ball bearings 211, the balls of which in correspondingly formed grooves in the sleeve 21o and the spindle 16 lying. At the other end, the spindle 16 is supported by a corresponding ball bearing 222, in which the outside of the spindle is the inner ring and a smooth cylindrical sleeve is the outer ring of the bearing

90984571071

"forms in which the spindle is axially movable. Essentially the operation is the same as that of the Pig arrangement. 11j are only the bearings for the spindle designed for greater stresses with less space requirements, so that the The embodiment according to FIG. 12 is suitable for such purposes in which the precise guidance of the Spindle is required.

As can be seen from Figures 11, 13 and 14, is on Bevel gear 2o9 arranged a braking device. the The brake consists of two brake shoes 23o and 231, which can be pivoted about a bearing pin 232. The journal 232 is attached to the frame. An outwardly directed lever 232 is located on each of the brake shoes or 234 arranged, with the help of which the brake shoes more or less a cylindrical braking surface forming bevel gear 2o9 can be approximated. A bolt 235 goes through the levers 233 and 234, between the lever 233 and a nut 237, which is adjustable on the bolt, by a spring 236 is surrounded. The spring 236 thus presses the two brake shoes 23o and 231 resiliently against the bevel gear 2o9f that is braked in this way. In order to change the pressure of the brake shoes, the nut 237 is turned.

To lift the brake shoes 23o and 231 off the bevel gear 2o9, two levers 24o and 241 are provided which are pivotably mounted on the frame at 242 and 243. With their ends located on the right (in the drawing) the levers 24o and 241 grip the inside between the levers 233 and 234. At the opposite ends of the levers

909845/1071

24o "and 241 is a rotatable shaft 244 and 244, respectively 245 is provided, which rests on a cam 246 or 247. The cams 246 and 247 are on the camshaft 294 attached. The squats 246 and 247 are shaped so that the brake shoes 23o and 231 during the stepwise Rotation of the bevel gear 2o9 by the Maltese cross mechanism are lifted off the bevel gear. If instead of the Maltese cross mechanism wheels are used, as stated above, the arrangement is redesigned so that the brake shoes 23o and 231 are withdrawn from the bevel gear 2o9 as long as the machine is running.

A braking device on the workpiece spindle 16 is in a device in which a worm is in the drive and a worm wheel are installed, not required, since the worm drive is self-locking and thus as The brake for the spindle is effective.

When operating the machine according to the invention, the toothed workpiece, the teeth of which are to be chamfered, attached to the workpiece spindle 16 with the aid of a suitable bracket. Likewise become suitable Milling arranged on the spindles 4o of the working head or heads 2o. The working head (s) will be like this set that they are over the teeth to be milled Workpiece. The angular position of the housing parts 31 is chosen so that the cutting edges of the rotationally driven Cutting tools come into engagement with the workpiece in the desired position. If then the Machine is set in G-ang by switching on the electric motor 95 and the electric motor 22, this is The workpiece is lifted with the workpiece spindle 19 until the cutting tool (s) engage on the working head 2o,

909845/1071

so that an inclined surface is produced on the workpiece. The spindle 16 is then lowered and rotated further into the next position. (The change gears between the shafts Io3 and Io4 are based on the number of teeth on Workpiece matched.) Then the workpiece is again out against the cutting tools and the next Tooth machined.

When using two tool heads 2o will be this appropriately aligned so that the opposite sides of the teeth on the workpiece machined diametrically opposite points will. This arrangement is appropriate if that Workpiece has an even number of teeth. Around but also workpieces with an odd number of teeth to edit, the devices 31 with a small angle around each other in their housing 3o set up in this way to the odd To compensate for the difference in the number of teeth.

Since two teeth on opposite sides are machined with every axial movement, this is Workpiece after one full revolution of the spindle 16 completed.

If instead of the Maltese cross mechanism two Gears are used that rotate the workpiece spindle continuously, i.e. also during the axial movement, can be achieved by choosing a suitably shaped cutting tool chamfering or the like on the device 31 Operation can also be carried out with continuous turning. In such an operating mode, ■ the surface produced on the tooth to a certain extent of the type of cutting tool and the lOrm of the control cam

9098Λ5 / 1071

92 on the control disk 93.

In another embodiment, in which the diameter of the toothed workpiece is smaller than that smallest possible distance between two tool spindles

40 is - this distance is determined by the size of the enclosure

41 of the orders 31 determined - must be a suitable one Intermediate piece to be placed on one of the spindles, which two in the desired smaller transverse distance arranged, further spindles contains and in which suitable gears for driving these two Spindles lying close together from the shaft 4o contain other possible modifications of the described arrangement arises for the case that workpieces of matching dimensions in Mass production to be processed · In this case, the tool spindles can be fixed to the frame Io above the workpiece spindle 16 in the required setting for the workpiece and without adjustment options attached by means of the carriage 11 and the column 12 will*

It thus follows that the invention creates a machine for chamfering toothed workpieces which is extremely adaptable in terms of the mode of operation and the type of machining methods.

an automatic sequence of the processing operations to achieve, an arm 3oo is attached according to FIGS. 3 and 8 at the lower end of the workpiece spindle 16, to which a projection 3ol is arranged · The projection 3ol actuates a switch 3o2 attached to the web Io.

909845/1071

When the protrusion 3ol "actuates the switch 3o2" for the first time, an electrical signal is generated by that the beginning of a work cycle is displayed «If the switch 3o2 is operated again, this is the sign that the workpiece spindle 16 has covered a full revolution and thus all teeth have been machined on the workpiece.

909845/107

Claims (13)

Claims; 1,) milling machine for processing toothed workpieces, e.g. for chamfering the tooth edges or ends on gears, with a rotatable and arranged in a frame a & axially displaceable clamping device for the workpiece, characterized by at least one preseeding spindle, which is in the area of the axial movability of the workpiece clamping device is attached and the clamping device in timing of their axial movement rotating drive. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized that the rotary drive for the clamping device a stepwise rotation by one causes predetermined angle and is connected to a device that the clamping device during the Holds rotational movement in a position in which the workpiece is out of engagement with the tool. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotary drive for the clamping device a Maltese cross mechanism having. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized characterized in that the drive axially moving the clamping device consists of a fixed to one rocking lever arranged in the frame rotatably mounted shaft, the one at the end of the clamping device designed as a spindle and consists of a control lever fixed on the shaft, which is attached to a on a cams attached in the frame mounted rotary driven shaft. 909845/1071 5. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that marked that the camshaft with the driven rope of the Maltese cross mechanism is in drive connection. 6 · Device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that the driven part of the Maltese cross mechanism attached to the camshaft and the driven wheel of the mechanism with the locker holding the workpiece), is connected via change gears. 7. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized that between the Maltese cross mechanism and a self-locking worm drive is arranged on the spindle. 8. Device according to claims 1 to 7 »thereby characterized in that attached to the spindle holding the workpiece and a brake drum on Machine frame at least one brake shoe is arranged, the movement of which is fixed on the camshaft Squat is controlled. 9. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the the workpiece holding spindle is supported in the machine frame in two bearings, one of which on the workpiece side and the other on the opposite; End of the spindle is located, the workpiece side Bearing has a bearing bush with a cylindrical bore which encloses a cylindrical spindle part, and which is provided with a conical outer surface, axially in a correspondingly conical seat on the frame adjustable so supported; is that the game in the Spindle bearing is changeable., 10. Torrichtimg according to claims 1 to 8, characterized ■ marked that the the workpiece holding spindle is supported in the machine frame in two bearings, one of which is on the workpiece side and the other is located at the opposite end of the spindle, wherein the workpiece-side bearing consists of an im Frame arranged cylindrical housing and a cylindrical spindle part, between which balls are arranged, which lie in radial openings of a cylindrical cage. 11 · Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the spindle is non-rotatably, but p-riai movable, connected via a wedge to a drive wheel concentric to it and rotatably mounted in the frame. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized that the wedge is formed from balls which are approximately semicircular in axial, in cross section Hats that lie in the central hole of the drive wheel and are arranged on the outer circumference of the spindle. 13. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with two milling cutters. 909845/1071