DE1913807U - PANEL-SHAPED, THERMAL AND SOUND-INSULATING CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR CLADDING WALLS AND FLOORING OR FOR CREATING INTERMEDIATE WALLS - Google Patents

Description

NIOHOLAS FLEISOHMAII, a British Subject, of 7 Bownage, Hendon, London, H ".W. 4, / England

The object of the innovation is a heat and sound insulating construction element, in particular a construction element for Production of floors that is an effective insulator against impact noise without a significant amount of when laying the floor To claim space. In the same way, the construction element can be used as wall cladding or for Production of partition walls to achieve effective sound insulation between adjacent rooms without doing this to take up more space than usual partition walls.

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The construction elements described in the following " "have a base plate, made in particular of tiles, wooden Floor coverings, blocks or rods "consists, as they are as floor coverings, wall tiles or wall coverings in buildings ". Such construction elements can be used on a be laid on a solid base, e.g. on concrete, steel or wood, and provide effective insulation against impact noises. the Construction elements according to the innovation can also be used for all other purposes. You are in the first place though line intended for sound insulation, but are also effective around to find thermal insulation in place of the numerous known layer and cavity structures "use.

It has been found that when the underside of a floor or wall covering is solid with a relatively thin layer a foam plastic closed by a surface skin or covered by such a skin is connected thereby an effective barrier against knocking noises is achieved and at the same time a good thermal insulation, so that with the Application of such cladding a considerable gain in space for walls, floors and partition walls in buildings can be achieved can.

It is known. Foam plastics so that in polymeric material before or during the polymerization a substance called a blowing agent is introduced, which generates an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen under the polymerization conditions; but it is difficult to manufacture foamed plastics that are suitable for the present Have the properties required for the purpose. The foam plastic must be strong enough to collapse the cell structure, it must have its own surface

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skin and has to cling to the floor or wall connect and must be stable enough to keep its properties practically unchanged.

The innovation is based on the fact that it has been found that a polyurethane foam with high flexural modulus and elastic semi-rigid setting meets these conditions while a Solid polyurethane foam can be used on walls and cladding to act as thermal insulation.

The object of the innovation is accordingly a ^ heat and Sound-insulating construction element, which consists of a a layer of polyurethane foam having a surface skin exists, which is firmly connected to at least one side with one or more base plates.

For floor coverings in particular, it is essential that the polyurethane foam, as is known per se, has a high flexural modulus or is a semi-solid foam.

A polyurethane foam that is semi-rigid or semi-flexible has proven to be well suited, in particular for floor coverings and is made on the basis of polyester polyol or polyether polyol resin, which is mixed with a diisocyanate, e.g. toluene diisocyanate, is brought to reaction and in the carbon dioxide, which is formed by the reaction of water with the diisocyanate, mainly used as a blowing agent. Depending on the constructions, the load capacity and the conditions of use Various mixtures can be used to produce a foam that is flexible enough to absorb impact energies and to serve as effective sound insulation or soundproofing, which is nevertheless strong enough to withstand loads not to break or get crushed.

J A "particularly expedient embodiment of the subject innovation is obtained when a wooden panel serves as a base plate, which at the bottom with one of a skin" is provided covered polyurethane foam.

It is advantageous to use wood for stabilization s "has been subjected to treatment by heating the wood, for example in a mineral oil," until all volatilized Components of the wood are expelled.

With some woods that can be used for the subject of the present innovation, stabilization is important, so none Throwing of the wood occurs while the thermal hardening of the foam occurs. The stabilization can be carried out in such a way that that pieces, sections, plates, strips or slats in layers, whose lasers alternate at right angles to one another

who stand, have been laid on top of one another and fitted together and all in a hot mineral oil solution from 100 to 150 is immersed for 3 to 10 minutes. This stabilization of the wood must be carried out before it is processed and used the foam layer are provided.

The base plates can also be manufactured in such a way that wooden slats are connected to one another to form plates by means of corrugated nails driven into the adjoining parts and the panels stabilized as described in British Patent 811,655 is.

Even if the stabilization of the boards in the type mentioned is advantageous in order to get the best quality of the construction elements to achieve, it is still possible that the foam layer can also be applied to unstabilized wood or boards.

is brought when the boards and / or the mold is preheated and causes a rapid hardening of the plastic foam will. Such a rapid hearing can be achieved by heating by means of microwaves or dielectric heating or by using a foam mixture that sets itself quickly, or one that sets quickly when heat is applied Foam mix. In this way, the time required for the exposure to heat for curing can be shortened considerably so that there is no harmful effect on the wood during this time. The cracks from the sudden exposure to heat can arise in unstabilized, stabilized, preheated or non-preheated wood, are caused by the Foam-forming mixture because this is liquid and under the pressure is filled and sealed.

Whether tiles, wooden panels or blocks or panels composed of rods are used as a base plate, the Base plate inserted into the lower part of a mold, the dimensions of which are so large that there is still enough space for formation a foam layer of the desired thickness remains. A sufficient amount of a mixture is then poured into the mold made of polyether or polyester polyol as a base and isocyanate and blowing agents and other substances introduced. This mixture comes into contact with the surface of the base plate and is dimensioned so that a foam layer of the desired Thickness and density arise and fill the shape. The 'form is then closed and the polyurethane-forming mixture is cured. Under the influence of the blowing agent, the foam is created, which is firmly connected to the base plate after curing.

The thickness of the foam layer depends on the requirements and the density of the foam.

There is a mixture in the manufacture of the new floor panels usable, the polyether polyol or polyester polyol, a diisocyanate and water, as well as a surface-active agent, such as silicone oil, and catalysts. This mixture is hereinafter referred to as the "foam-forming mixture". A suitable catalyst is a tricyclic amine, the under the name "Dabco" is in trade and that in connection with Tin octoate is used, the proportions of the two catalysts and the surface-active agent so be chosen so that the required strength and density of the foam layer is achieved. Other substances, such as Foam modifiers such as technical grade glycerine ,, or Fillers can be added. A sufficient amount of the foam-forming mixture is applied to the surface of the Base plate cast to the desired dicize and density of the Foam layer to reach and around in the closed Form to achieve the necessary J? Id3druck, which when foaming the plastic material is generated by the blowing agent. The shape can be applied so that the base plate is perpendicular stands while the foam is generated along this plate or horizontally, so that the plate above the foam-forming Mixture lies, which rises in the closed form up to the plate. Large panels, such as plywood, Particle board, steel plates for floors can be processed in a flow process, whereby the foam-forming mixture is continuously applied to the layer

and the material runs on conveyor belts over which suitable paper rollers in parallel on a suspension device are arranged.

If layered bodies are to be created, e.g. in the case of partition walls in rooms, two pulp or other layers can be inserted into the Form are inserted, with the foam-forming mixture is introduced between these two layers, so that when the foam is formed this firmly with both veneers or other Layers connect. In this way, a material that is extremely suitable for dividing rooms is made from the smallest possible thickness but with good sound insulation.

Tongues and grooves are provided on the end faces and the long sides for a firm connection, either can be formed from the material itself or by inserting springs made of wood, metal or other material into the slots arranged in a corresponding position near the underside of the base plate be, whereby an uneven loading of the foam layer is avoided and achieved that the insulation properties of the foam unrestricted remain.

Boards or other floor or wall coverings, the back according to the innovation with a foam layer can be installed on ships directly on the steel deck, on an unprotected rough concrete base, on raw wood or Install steel floors and other substrates. They can also be used as an inner lining Wall or floor paneling or tiling, for rub strips, Window sills and for cladding structural components

len such as doors, posts, beams and pillars.

The foam material can be colored to match it's color To align the base plate whose back it "forms", so that any slight leakage of the rear material invisible or non-intrusive.

Purely the economic application of the object of the furnace it is very advantageous to manufacture the material in long units that have the ability to accommodate building tolerances and the tolerances caused by the material used. This is particularly important during manufacture of cladding in which individual tiles or similar panels of relatively small size in a precise position must be attached and secured even though the surface is uneven. Throw long units made up of small units such as tiles or narrow wooden slats or strips or mosaic or rods or strips are made in that a foam layer is attached to the back, so that the small units through the back layer of foam are united, such large units have a tendency to bend when they are erected or when they are at not completely load-bearing supports are attached due to the joint effect between the adjacent ones smaller units and it is therefore desirable to reinforce such large units so that they are essentially are rigid.

According to the further innovation, this can be achieved by the fact that in the manufacture of large units for such floors or wall coverings made up of small units as described above.

ben these small units face down in a frame shape of such a size is inserted that enough space remains for the formation of the foam layer on the rear side, whereupon a perforated rigid layer is placed on the back of these units, for which fiberboard is appropriate, Metal, plywood, polystyrene, or other solid material is used. This is then applied to this perforated layer The mixture foams off and the jam lid is poured onto it placed and attached and the mixture is reacted, as already described. That permeates foam-forming mixture the openings in the perforated Layer and in this way creates a solid connection between the backs of the tiles or other small ones lines with the foam rail so that the whole receives a rigid structure.

The foam mix used and the method by which it is applied to the perforated layer are the same like making a foam layer on the back a single base plate, but with the following additions:

a) The need for thermosetting additives and processes too use, can be reduced or eliminated by using self-curing or heat-curing foams.

b) It will be advantageous to use a mold lining film, which is attached in relation to the foam mass so that when the foam forms and against the 3-shape closure pressed the film in between that prevented sticking and it enables the molded body to be removed from the mold, as soon as the foam has solidified sufficiently.

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The use of the perforated solid layer for stiffening large units opens up the possibility of a number of ways to get such large units up against uneven walls or floors to attach. For example, it can be provided that the perforated on two sides abutting one another at right angles Reinforcement and the foam backing protrude over the front of the tiles or panels, while on the opposite sides they jump back by the same amount. The two protruding pages can then fastened over the raised points of the uneven wall, for example by screws, with the cavities through additional insulation material can be filled in and the recess on the back of the adjoining unit can then glued to the protruding backing of the first unit. In the same way you can then over the first row additional rows of units can be attached. The protruding part can be used in the same way around the arrangement to be laid on an uneven floor, filling the cavities with dry sand that is poured into them or blown in.

Such boards backed with a foam layer, Boards or panels can be used as load-bearing sub-floors or floor or as a filling between pillars, girders, beams or walls, furthermore without tongue and groove connection with one another be connected by the adjoining boards or panels with a multi-sided nail, as described below and which can be attached in any position, be attached to each other.

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In the figures are construction elements according to the firing and the connection shown by means of such hail. This shows how a floor is made up of a number of such units using such multi-sided nails can be made with various shapes, one uneven Load on the foam layer from heavy objects such as "the feet of heavy furniture that are placed on standing at the corner of a single unit can be avoided.

Fig. 1 shows in perspective four different types of multi-sided nails which can be punched out of a steel plate. The simplest form is shown in Fig. La. It "consists of a piece of steel band that is slit horizontally at both ends is, with each end piece on both sides of the horizontal cut is triangularly cut and the so formed Tips are bent at right angles in opposite directions. In the strip shown in Fig. Ib are equilateral Triangles are punched out and the triangular tongues thus formed are bent horizontally in opposite directions. The strip in Fig. 10 is similarly stamped with the tongues perpendicular and in the case of the strip in Fig. Id are through two parallel cuts and one diagonal cut formed two triangular tongues, which are again bent horizontally in opposite directions. Fig. 2 shows, in perspective, the ends of two panels showing the underside are provided with layers of foam; in the The front of one panel is struck by hail as shown in Fig. La] so that this unit can be connected to the second unit by this hail.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the two interconnected ^en units.

Protection claims;

Claims (12)

RA- 085 851 * 2/18/65 claims for protection 1. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element for cladding walls and floors, or for erecting Partition walls, characterized in that it consists of a one
Surface skin having a layer of polyurethane foam
consists of at least one side with one or more
Base plates is firmly connected. 2. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of several nebe: mutually arranged base plates, a perforated intermediate layer and a foam layer, which through the
Openings of the perforated intermediate layer through with the
Base plates is in connection. 3. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating structural element according to claim 2, characterized in that on two sides abutting at right angles, the perforated layer and the
Foam layer protrudes over the front of the base plates while they are on opposite sides around the
jump back the same amount. 4. Plate-shaped, heat and sound insulating construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polyurethane foam provided with a surface skin is a high modulus foam or a semi-rigid foam. 5. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 4> characterized in that the foam layer with the or the base plate! by binders formed during the hardening of the foam
is firmly connected. 6. Plate- ^{shaped 1} heat and sound insulating structural element according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 ₅ characterized - 2 - AfI shows that the base plate is made from one another by means of corrugated nails connected wooden slats. 7 · Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating zonstruction elements " according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the base plate consists of unstabilized wood and the polyurethane foam is heated by means of microwaves and is cured foam. 8. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulation o.es construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the base plate is made of unstabilized wood and the polyurethane foam is dielectrically heated and w is cured foam. 9. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the base plate is made of unstabilized wood and the polyurethane foam is a self-curing one or foam that hardens quickly when exposed to heat. 10. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the base plate or plates are made by heating Consists of wood stabilized in a mineral oil bath. 11. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that connecting elements are arranged at the edges are. 12. Plate-shaped heat and sound insulating construction element according to claim 11, characterized in that the hand with Mutes and feathers are provided. '■ ^ m ** * ■■ *> * ■ <; ;; ._ ■■ ,,., ■■■ · - who's there. On to ^ - ^; ^ ^,., ^ -