DE19949630A1 - Cylinder block for hydraulic presses, injection molding machines, etc. has cylinders and associated feed and return channels for compact cylinder housing - Google Patents

Abstract

The cylinder block has a cylinder housing (12) with two or more differential cylinders (4,6,8) actuated via multi-path valves (14,16). The cylinders and associated feed and return channels (22,26,32) are located mainly in one plane. Sleeves positioned in crossing points form or shut-off connections between the channels or between channels and cylinders. The sleeve has an outer ring groove for radial flow, or a radial passage for through flow. The cylinders have integrated path-measuring systems in head bores in cylinder heads (36).

Description

The invention relates to a cylinder block according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Such cylinder blocks are used, for example, at hy draulically operated presses, injection molding machines etc. set. The cylinders are individually or in a ge common block, which forms the cylinder housing, on the Ma attached to the machine. The valves for controlling the actuators supply cylinders are on a valve block or individually valve plates and positioned over pipes or hoses che connected to the associated cylinders. A derar connection method for hydro devices is for example in the publication "Oil Hydraulics"; Bauer, Gerhard; Deaf Publishing company; P. 257 ff.

A disadvantage of these solutions is that the known Connection technology requires a considerable amount of space and moreover, very complex to manufacture and assemble of the components is.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object to create a compact cylinder block that locks with device effort can be produced.

This task is accomplished with a cylinder block Features of claim 1 solved.

By the measure, the cylinder of the cylinder block and at least sections of the supply and return lines in to form a plane, a cylinder housing for opening took the cylinders one behind the other very compact be formed. By training the back and forth  Running lines and the cylinder can be in one plane Do not avoid crossing points between the lines. He According to the invention, bushings are inserted into these crossing points set that either a hydraulic connection between enable the crossing lines or the Shut off both lines from each other in such a way that they can be flowed through in the intersection area.

By the measure according to the invention, an external Form extremely compact cylinder housing into which the piping is already integrated, so that the directional control valves for controlling the cylinders directly on the Cylinder block can be put on. Through the integra tion of the supply and return lines is not required for the stand the technology required complex piping, where an extremely flexible change by changing the sockets tion of the cylinder control is enabled.

Another advantage is that by the end form the supply and return lines in one level Connection paths between the directional control valves and the cylinders are extremely short so that pressure losses are minimized.

In a preferred embodiment, the in the sockets used on the outer circumference provided an annular groove, so that the one crossing Line led pressure medium flows through the socket, weh rend the pressure in the other crossing line medium flows around the bushing along the ring groove. To the verb The lines become radial breakthroughs in the socket intended.

The manufacture of the cylinder housing is particularly one fold if the cylinder axes lay parallel one behind the other are arranged in the cylinder housing while the Lei tion axes (inlet and return lines) in parallel and / or are offset by 90 ° to the cylinder axes.  

The structure of the cylinder block can be further combined fold if the cylinders with integrated position measuring systems are executed. It is particularly preferred if the displacement transducers in the extension of the cylinders in the cylinder housing are included. That is, the axis of the way up The slave and the cylinder axis are coaxial to each other arranges.

The cylinder block can be put together particularly easily build if those carried out in extension of the cylinders Transducers and part of the lines in a cylinder head are formed, which is attached to the cylinder housing becomes. The attachment is advantageously via Befe fixing screws, being in possible crossing areas between lines and the screw holes in turn Bushings with external ring grooves can be used.

The at least one way valve to control the Zy linder is advantageously on an end face of the Zy lindergehäuses, preferably mounted on the cylinder head. This variant enables simple pre-assembly and pre-assembly adjustment of directional valves and position measuring systems.

The manufacture of the cylinder block is particularly one fold if the cylinder bores and the mounting boh stakes into the cylinder housing from the end faces to be brought.

In a preferred embodiment, three cylinders arranged one behind the other via two directional valves controlled. One of the two displacement-equipped cylinders takes the third through a mechanical rigid connection Cylinder with. We take this mechanical entrainment in the press area Stell led. Only two cylinders are therefore with one Position measuring system provided, so that the position of the third  Cylinders from the position of the other two cylinders gives.

In a preferred embodiment, the Cylinder designed as a differential cylinder, the Always apply a pump or system pressure to the ring surface strikes while the pressure in the piston chamber crosses the path valves is controlled.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of further subclaims.

The following is a preferred embodiment the invention with reference to schematic drawings tert. Show it:

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of an inventive SEN cylinder block;

Figure 2 is a sectional view through a cylinder block with which the circuit shown in Figure 1 is realized.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cylinder block of FIG. 2;

Fig. 4 is a left side view of the cylinder block of Fig. 2 and

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the cylinder block of FIG. 2.

In Fig. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram is shown of a press, in which a cylinder block according to the invention 1 is used for actuating a press beam 2.

The movement of the press beam 2 takes place via two dif ferential cylinders 4 , 8 , on the piston 10 of which the press beam 2 is fastened. The movement of an ejector plunger 98 follows it via a differential cylinder 6 to the piston 10 of which the ejector plunger 98 is fastened. The control of the in a common cylinder housing 12 Zy cylinder 4 , 6 , 8 takes place via two directional control valves 14 , 16 , via which a cylinder chamber 18 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 can be connected to a pressure port P or a tank port T. The respective annular space 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 is acted upon by the pressure at the pressure port P.

As is apparent from the illustration according to Fig. 1, the cylinders are controlled 4 and 8 via the directional valve 14, while the directional valve 16 is net zugeord the central cylinder 6.

The directional control valves 14 , 16 are designed as electrically operated servo / proportional valves, each valve having a pump connection P ₂ or P ₁ , a tank connection T ₂ or T ₁ and a working or output connection A ₂ or A ₁ .

In the basic position shown, these connections are blocked. The pressure connection P of the cylinder block 1 is connected via a pressure channel 22 both to the pump connection P ₂ , P ₁ , the directional control valves 14 and 16 as well as to the annular spaces 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 . From the tank ports T ₂ , T ₁ leads a tank channel 24 to the tank port T of the Zylin derblockes.

The working port A _{2 of} the directional control valve 14 is connected via egg nen branching in two sub-channels working channel 26 with the cylinder spaces 18 of the cylinder 4 and 8 . Between the cylinder chamber 18 of the central cylinder 6 and the working port A _{1 of} the directional control valve 16 , a white working channel 32 runs .

The two cylinders 4 , 6 are each provided with an integrated measuring system 34 , which is Stigt on the piston side. No position measuring system is required to determine the position of the piston 10 of the white cylinder 8 , since this cylinder 8 is mechanically rigidly connected to cylinder 4 . This connection is also made rigid in the press frame.

To lower the press beam 2 , the valve slide on the directional control valves 14 , 16 are shifted to the right in the illustration according to FIG. 1, so that one of the control positions marked with a) is set. Sition are in this Regelpo the working channels 26, 28/30, 32 directional control valves through the WE 14 and 16 respectively connected with the pressure channel 22, so that the cylinder space 18 of the cylinders 4, 6, pressure is applied with the pump. 8 Both on the cylinder surface and on the annular surface of the piston 10 thus acts the same surface pressure, so that due to the difference in area of the diffe rentialzylinders the piston 10 extend and the Pressbal ken 2 is moved down. The position of the piston 10 is detected by the displacement measuring systems 34 , 34 ', the control of the directional control valves 14 , 16 taking place as a function of the measured values detected by the displacement measuring systems 34 , 34 ' via the control (not shown).

The control shown is a flow-around circuit in which the pressure medium displaced from the annular space 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 in the prescribed regulation position of the directional control valve 14 or 16 via the pressure channel 22 and the associated directional control valve 14 , 16 in the working channel 26 , 28 , 30 and 32 is fed. This means that the pressure medium displaced from the annular space 20 is fed to the cylinder space 18 together with the pump delivery flow.

To raise the press beam 2 , the directional control valves 14 , 16 are brought into their control positions marked with (b), in which the annular spaces 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 are subsequently acted upon by pump pressure P, while the cylinder spaces 18 are connected through the connection of the working port A ₁ , A ₂ with the associated tank port T ₁ and T ₂ via the channels 26 , 28 , 30 and 32 are connected to the tank channel 24 so that the pressure medium can be displaced from the cylinder spaces 18 . The pistons 10 are retracted due to the pump pressure acting on its annular surface - the press bar 2 moves upwards. The position is again detected via the integrated position measuring systems 34 , 34 '.

The control of the directional control valves 14 , 16 is also possible in such a way that the cylinders 4 , 8 allow the lowering movement in wesent union, while the lifting of the press beam 2 takes place via the cylinder 6 .

Fig. 2 shows a section through a cylinder block 1 , with which the circuit shown in Fig. 1 is realized.

The cylinder housing 12 of the cylinder block 1 is plat-shaped and carries a cylinder head 36 , which is screwed ver via an intermediate plate 38 with the cylinder housing 12 .

In the cylinder housing 12 , the three cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 are received, the pistons 10 are out as differential pistons. The ring spaces 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8, which are described in more detail below, are connected to the pressure port T via the pressure channel 22 formed in the cylinder block 1 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the pressure channel 22 is formed by a horizontal bore intersecting the three cylinder bores, which opens into the left end face in FIG. 2 and is closed by a locking screw 40 . From the Horizontalboh tion 39 , a vertical bore 42 extends to the pressure port P. The vertical bore 42 is offset in its central area towards the viewer, so that the pressure port P according to the plan view shown in Fig. 3 view of the cylinder block 1 from the center staggered.

Parallel to the pressure channel 22 is a leakage channel 44 , which - similar to the pressure channel 22 - is guided through a horizontal bore 46 and an essentially vertical bore 48 to a leakage connection L on the upper end face shown in FIG. 3. This leakage connection L is offset from the viewer in the illustration according to FIG. 2. According to FIGS. 2 and 4, which shows a view from the left of the cylinder block 1 according to FIG. 2, the horizontally running bore 46 is closed by a further screw plug 50 .

The connection of the vertical bore 42 to the Druckan circuit P ₁ , P _{2 of} the directional control valves 16 and 14 is not shown in Fig. 2.

The tank connection T is formed in a plane parallel to the central plane with the leakage connection L on the end face of the cylinder block 1 visible in FIG. 3. This tank connection T is connected via the dashed line th tank channel 24 to the tank connections T ₂ , T ₁ (see Fig. 4) of the directional control valves 14 , 16 . The tank channel 24 also has a section extending towards the viewer, so that the tank channel 24 is substantially offset from the plane of the zei. The connections to the tank connections T ₁ , T ₂ are not shown.

The cylinder chamber 18 of the cylinder 6 with pressure be working channel 32 is formed as an angular channel, the horizontal leg 52 is drilled from the end face shown in Fig. 4 in the cylinder head 36 and which ends in the cylinder bore of the cylinder 6 . A vertical leg 54 of the working channel 32 opens into the horizontal leg 52, which opens into the upper end face shown in FIG. 3 and is closed there with a screw plug 56 . The mouth region of the horizontal leg 52 is with a locking screw 58 verschlos sen (see Fig. 2, 4). The connection of the working channel 32 to the working connection A ₁ (view according to FIG. 4) of the directional valve 16 takes place via a short transverse channel 60 .

The working channel 26 connecting the cylinders 4 , 8 to the working connection A ₂ (see FIG. 4) of the directional control valve 14 is designed as a horizontal bore which extends from the end face visible in FIG. 4 to the cylinder 8 .

Further details of the cylinders and the associated displacement measuring systems 34 are explained with reference to FIG. 5, which represents an enlarged detail of FIG. 2.

Accordingly, the differential piston 10 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 each leads in a stepped cylinder bore 62 ge, the pressure channel 22 in the annular space 20 and the leakage channel 44 in the radially recessed part of the connection bore 62 opens.

Sealing devices 64 for the pistons 10 are provided between the leakage channel 44 and the lower end face of the cylinder housing 12 in FIG. 5. The above (view of FIG. 5) of the piston 10 formed cylinder spaces 18 limit the intermediate plate 38 . Each of the cylinder bores 62 is extended through the intermediate plate 38 into the cylinder head 36 into a head bore 66 . These head bores 66 open into the end face of the cylinder head 36 shown in FIG. 3. The assigned to the cylinder 8 head bore 66 is closed on the end face by a sealing screw 68 .

In the head bores 66 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , a bushing 70 and 72 are inserted, which extend from the intermediate plate 38 to the further working channel 32 . By suitable design of these bushings 70 , 72 either a hydraulic connection of the intersecting channels or a sealing of the head bores 66 is achieved compared to these channels.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the sockets 70 , 72 in the intersection with the working channels 26 , 32 are provided with annular grooves 74 a, b, c, which allows a flow around the bushes 70 and 72 in the intersection area, so that Pressure medium can flow to the next, downstream head bore 66 . In the event that a head bore 66 to be draulically connected to one of the working channels 26 , 32 hy, a radial opening 76 , 78 is formed in the crossing area.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the middle cylinder 6 is to be connected to the working channel 32 , while the cylinders 4 , 8 are to be connected to the other working channel 26 . To connect the Ar beitskanals 32 a radial opening 76 is formed in the bottom of the annular groove 74 b. The pressure medium in the working channel 32 can thus flow around the bushing 70 along the annular groove 74 a and enter through the radial opening 76 into the head bore of the cylinder 6 .

The other working channel 26 ends in the area of the head bore 66 of the cylinder 8 , which is not provided with a socket. For the connection of the cylinder 4 of the ring is in the bottom groove 74 c in accordance with a radial opening 78 is formed, so that the pressure medium can enter 8 in the head bore 76 of the cylinder 4, wherein the sleeve is of the cylinder 6 flows around d along the annular groove 74 72nd

The sockets 70 , 72 are penetrated by sensors 80 of the Wegmeßsy systems 34 , which are screwed into the adjacent end faces of the pistons of the cylinders 4 and 6, respectively. The caused by the retraction or extension of the piston 10 axial displacement of the encoder 80 is detected via, for example, inductive sensors 82 which are attached to the upper end face of the cylinder head 36 . That is, according to the invention, the sensors 34 are integrated in the cylinders 4 , 6 , so that a very compact solution with a minimal width extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing results.

As further shown in FIG. 5 can be seen, which are Zylin The head 36 and the intermediate plate 38 via screw connection 86, 88 screwed to the cylinder housing 12. The screw hole 90 crosses the two working channels 26 and 32 . For sealing purposes, a sealing bushing 92 is inserted into the screw bore 90 and, like the bushings 70 , 72 , is provided with circumferential ring grooves 94 , 96 in the region of the intersection. These allow a flow around the sealing sleeve 92 , so that the pressure medium can flow along the annular grooves 94 , 96 to the cylinders 6 and 4 , 8 , respectively.

A similar socket 98 is in an expanded range of the vertical leg 48 of the leakage channel 44 set. This leg 48 intersects the pressure channel 22 . An annular groove 100 in turn enables the flow around the bush 98 , so that the pressure medium can flow through the pressure channel 22 into the annular spaces 20 of the cylinders 4 , 6 , 8 . All of the aforementioned bushings 98 , 92 , 70 , 72 are sealingly inserted into the respective receiving bores.

According to the invention, the cylinder bores 62 of the cylinder 4 , 6 , 8 are accommodated lying parallel to one another in one plane. The essential parts of the inlet, return and leakage channels are also formed in this plane, these being essentially offset by 90 ° to the axis of the cylinders. Possible intersection points of the channels and the cylinder bores are hydraulically connected to each other via bushings or locked against each other. This configuration of the cylinder bores and the channels in practically one plane allows the cylinder housing to be extremely flat and compact. All holes are drilled from the outer surfaces of the cylinder block and sealed with screw plugs or the aforementioned bushings. The cylinder block is widened only in the connection area of the directional control valves 14 , 16 , so that the supply channels in this area can also be moved out of the aforementioned level.

Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the network of cylinder bores 62 and channels shown in FIG. 2. The channels can also run at an angle to the cylinder axes. The cylinders can be designed as Plun ger cylinder or as a synchronous cylinder. The structure of the directional control valves 14 , 16 can deviate, so that, for example, the annular space and / or the cylinder space can be connected to the pressure connection or the tank connection.

At least a cylinder block for receiving is disclosed two cylinders controlled by a directional control valve, whereby the cylinder axes and inlet and return bores in the we are significantly trained in one level. In the cross the area of the channels / bores are bushings, the channels / holes are either hydraulically interconnected connect or seal against each other.

Claims (11)

1. cylinder block with at least two cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ), which are controlled via at least one multi-way valve ( 14 , 16 ), the cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) being formed in a cylinder housing ( 12 ), characterized in that that the cylinder ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) and the associated supply and return channels ( 22 , 26 , 32 ) are formed essentially in one plane, with a bushing ( 70 , 72 , 90 , 99 ) is added, which at the intersection either creates a hydraulic connection of the ducts with one another or a duct to the cylinder ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) or the ducts ( 22 , 26 , 32 ) with each other or with respect to the cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) shut off. 2. Cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein the bushing ( 70 , 72 , 90 , 98 ) in the crossing region has an outer annular groove ( 74 , 94 , 96 ; 100 ) for flow around or a radial breakthrough ( 76 , 78 ) for flowing through the bushing ( 70 , 72 , 90 , 98 ). 3. Cylinder block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Cylinder axes offset by 90 ° or parallel to the channel axes are arranged. 4. Cylinder block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) are associated with integrated measuring systems ( 34 ). 5. Cylinder block according to claim 4, wherein the measuring systems receiving head bores ( 66 ) are formed in a cylinder head ( 36 ). 6. Cylinder block according to claim 5, wherein the Zylin derkopf ( 36 ) via connecting screws ( 84 , 86 ) on the Zylin dergehäuse ( 12 ) is fixed, wherein a screw hole ( 90 ) of at least one channel ( 26 , 32 ) is crossed and in the intersection area a sealing bush ( 92 ) with a circumferential annular groove ( 94 , 96 ) is formed. 7. Cylinder block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the directional control valve ( 14 , 16 ) is placed on an end face of the cylinder housing ( 12 ), in particular the cylinder head ( 36 ). 8. Cylinder block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder bores ( 62 ) and the channels ( 22 , 26 , 32 ) are each introduced from one end face of the cylinder housing ( 12 ) and, if appropriate, at the end face of locking screws ( 40 , 50 , 56 , 58 , 68 ) are closed. 9. Cylinder block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein three cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) are formed in the cylinder housing, which are controlled via two directional control valves ( 14 , 16 ), two of the cylinders ( 4 , 6 ) with one way measuring system ( 34 ) are provided. 10. Cylinder block according to claim 9, wherein the cylin ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) are differential cylinders. 11. Cylinder block according to claim 10, wherein annular spaces ( 20 ) of the cylinders ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) are acted upon by pump pressure and the pressure in the cylinder spaces ( 18 ) is controlled via the directional control valve ( 14 , 16 ) assigned to each.