DE19915837A1 - Aqueous multiphase surfactant preparations - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to aqueous preparations in the form of two or more separated, aqueous phases in the idle state, whereby said phases are dispersible together. The preparations have at least one surface-active compound and at least one solved polymer compound and are provided with an accelerated phase separation in the idle state when said preparations contain at least one water-soluble, monovalent or multivalent alcohol with 2-9 C-atoms. In a preferred embodiment, 2-20 wt. % of an ether sulfate or ether sulfosuccinate are contained as a surface-active substance and 2-20 wt. % of ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol are contained as an alcohol. The polymer compound is preferably chosen from polypropylene glycol with molecular weights of more than 1,000 D, hydroxyethylcellulose, xanthan gum, dextrane, sodium hyaluronate or cationic cellulose ethers.

Description

The invention relates to aqueous surfactant preparations, which are at rest in the form of two or more segregated, liquid, aqueous phases that are temporarily agitated are dispersible in one another.

As a rule, consumers expect cosmetic cleaning or care products not just a specific effect that is beneficial for the body, skin, hair and teeth, but in the same way also an attractive appearance and an effect underlining galenic preparation.

So z. B. in DE 16 17 208 A1 describes a liquid cleaning agent which consists of a non-aqueous, oily phase and an aqueous phase, which by shaking in a unstable oil-in-water emulsion can be transferred. But such preparations are only possible with a high proportion of oil components and for many cosmetic ones Cleaning purposes unsuitable because of this high oil content.

EP 0116 442 A1 describes a shampoo that consists of two separated aqueous solutions Phases exists and its specifically heavier, lower phase a content of at least Has 6 wt .-% dissolved sodium hexametaphosphate. Such a high content of condensed However, phosphates are neither advantageous in terms of application technology nor ecologically desirable.

Finally, from JP 62 263 297 A1 cosmetic cleaning agents were known, the two have segregated, liquid, aqueous phases and the content of surfactants and  water-soluble polymers are marked. The cleaning agents described there however, take a relatively long time (several hours) before they mix in the Separate the idle state again.

Therefore, possibilities were sought to enable the two to separate more quickly to achieve aqueous phases of such cleaning agents, so that the consumer also Frequent use of such products is always found in the segregated state.

As a solution to this problem, it was found that an acceleration of the segregation in Hibernation due to the content of water-soluble, mono- or polyhydric alcohols can be achieved.

The invention therefore relates to aqueous, at rest in the form of two or more segregated aqueous phases that are temporarily dispersible in one another with movement present preparations with at least one dissolved surface-active compound and at least one dissolved polymer compound, which is used to accelerate the phase separation at rest, at least one water-soluble, mono- or polyhydric alcohol with 2-9 Contain carbon atoms.

The dissolved surface-active substances contained in the preparation according to the invention Compounds can be ionic or non-ionic compounds, it is crucial that they have a preferably linear lipid group with 8-22 carbon atoms and at least one water-solubilizing polyol or polyether group or a water-solubilizing group salt-forming group, e.g. B. a carboxyl, sulfonate or sulfate ester group or both or an optionally quaternary ammonium group or ampholytic aminocarboxylate or Aminosulfonate group or a betaine grouping, preferably at one end of the linear Contain lipid group.

Suitable cosmetic cleaning agents are preferably those preparations which contain, as surface-active compounds, high-foaming anionic surfactants, preferably those with anionic sulfonate or sulfate ester groups in the form of their alkali metal, magnesium or ammonium salts. Such preferred surfactants are especially the alkyl polyglycol ether sulfate salts or the alkyl polyglycol ether sulfosuccinate salts, which z. B. as sodium salts meet the general formula I or II:

In these formulas, R ¹ and R ^{2 are} a preferably linear alkyl group with 8-22, preferably with 12-18 C atoms and n is a number from 1-6, preferably from 2-4.

Preparations which are preferably suitable contain as surface-active compounds Alkyl polyglycol ether sulfate salt or an alkyl polyglycol ether sulfosuccinate salt with one Alkyl group with 12-18 C atoms and 1-6 glycol ether groups or a mixture thereof in a total amount of 5-20% by weight of the preparation, preferably 8-12% by weight the preparation.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are e.g. B. soaps, N-acylamino acid salts, Alkyl phosphate salts, alkyl polyglycol ether carboxylate salts, alkyl sulfate alkanolamine salts, Alkyl sulfonate salts, α-olefin sulfonate salts, acyl isethionate salts and acyl taurine salts.

In addition, amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactants, e.g. B. Cocoamphoglycinate or cocoamidopropyl-dimethyl-ammonio-glycinate and betaine surfactants.

Also nonionic surfactants, e.g. B. the addition products of 6-30 moles of ethylene oxide Fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty acid monoglycerides, fatty acid alkanolamides, fatty acid sorbitan esters, alkylphenols, methylglucoside fatty acid esters and other polar lipids as well Alkyl glucosides and their ethylene oxide adducts can contain surfactants his.

The total amount of surfactants can be 5-40% by weight, an amount of 5-20% by weight is preferred, since otherwise the rapid separation of the phases is not more is guaranteed.

Suitable polymer compounds are all dissolved in water or aqueous surfactant solutions at 20 ° C in amounts of at least 1% by weight soluble natural or synthetic high molecular substances with recurring structural elements. As natural polymers are water-soluble proteins or water-soluble polysaccharides or the understood water-soluble derivatives of water-insoluble proteins or polysaccharides.  

Suitable natural polymers are e.g. B. albumins, gelatins, glycosaminoglycans (Hyaluronic acid), chitosans, starch, guar, cellulose ether, e.g. B. methyl celluloses or Hydroxyethyl celluloses, carboxymethyl celluloses and cationic cellulose derivatives, e.g. B. the starch, guar or modified with epoxypropyltrimethylammoinum chloride Cellulose ether. The water-soluble biopolymers such as. B. xanthan gum or Dextrans and pullulan are suitable polymer compounds.

Suitable synthetic polymer compounds are e.g. B. polyvinyl alcohols, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamides and polyalkylene glycols with molecular weights of more than 1000 D. Also water-soluble copolymers of acrylic acid, acrylamide, Vinyl pyrrolidones and other water-soluble monomers with non-water-soluble ones Comonomers are suitable as polymer compounds for the purposes of the present invention.

Are preferably suitable for the preparation of the preparations according to the invention Polymer compounds selected from polypropylene glycols with molecular weights of more than 1000 D, hydroxyethyl celluloses, xanthan gum, dextran, sodium hyaluronate and cationic cellulose ethers. The quantities required for segregation Polymer compounds are of the type and molecular weight of the polymer compound dependent, the general rule being that the quantities required are lower, the higher is the molecular weight of the polymer compound. Of the very high molecular salts of Hyaluronic acid or xanthan gum are therefore amounts of 0.1-1% by weight Cellulose ethers such as B. are hydroxyethyl cellulose or the cationic cellulose ethers Amounts of 0.5-6 wt .-% sufficient, for. B. polypropylene glycols or degraded Dextrans should be contained in amounts of 2-20% by weight. The upper limit of the salary Polymer compounds should be selected so that the preparation does not gel and the Separation is not hindered by the toughness of the phases.

The dissolved surface-active compounds and polymer compounds can be used individually or as combinations of two or more such surfactants or polymers in the Preparations may be included. It has been shown that it is for the segregation of the Composition is advantageous if at least two different surfactants Compounds or at least two different polymer compounds in the compositions according to the invention are included. With the polymer compounds a combination of a particularly high molecular weight polymer with a low molecular weight polymer compound proved to be particularly suitable. So z. B.  Combinations of sodium hyaluronate with cellulose derivatives or of Polypropylene glycols with average molecular weights of 2000 D and more with such of 1000 D and less, especially well proven.

Suitable water-soluble monohydric or polyhydric alcohols are all aliphatic alcohols, Diols or polyols, preferably those with 2-9 carbon atoms, in amounts of at least 1% by weight are clearly soluble in water at 20 ° C. Such mono- or multi-valued Alcohols are in an amount of 1-40% by weight in the preparations according to the invention contain. Suitable alcohols are e.g. B. ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol (isopropanol), n- Butanol, isobutanol, methoxyethanol or 2-ethoxyethanol. Suitable diols are e.g. B. Ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, Diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerol monomethyl ether or Cyclohexanediol. Suitable polyols are glycerol, erythritol, diglycerol, triglycerol, sorbitol, Methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, pentaerythritol or trimethyl propane.

The multiphase preparations according to the invention of the present invention separate is particularly easy when alcohol or ethanol in an amount of 2-20 wt .-% is included. In this way it was possible to obtain preparations which after intensive mixing of the phases at rest within less than 10 minutes separate completely and are in the form of separate, clear phases.

The separation of discrete aqueous phases can also be due to a content of dissolved Electrolyte salts are promoted. Suitable electrolyte salts are above all water-soluble inorganic salts, e.g. B. alkali halides such as common salt (sodium chloride), calcium or Magnesium chloride, the sulfates of alkali metals or magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, Sodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate. However, the salts of organic, low molecular weight acids, e.g. B. sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium lactate, Sodium toluenesulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate or sodium benzoate. Are preferred Contain water-soluble, inorganic electrolyte salts in an amount of 1-6 wt .-%.

In addition to the components mentioned, the multiphase Preparations also other advantageous for the application or the appearance Contain components as are common in cosmetic cleaning and care products. These are e.g. B. dyes, fragrances, preservatives and pH adjusting agents (buffer salts),  Complexing agents, antioxidants and cosmetic or dermatological active substances that give the skin a pleasant feeling on the skin or give the hair a good finish or the cause specific dermatological effects on the skin.

Of particular importance is the addition of one or two dyes, preferably from those that have a different solubility in the segregated, aqueous phases have and in this way the preparations have a particularly attractive appearance to lend. So z. B. by adding yellow dyes such. B. quinoline yellow lacquer (Food coloring E 104), red coloring like Cochenillerot Lack (food coloring fabric E 124) or blue dyes (Sudan blue) differently colored phases of the compositions according to the invention can be achieved.

The surfactant preparations according to the invention can, for. B. as shampoos for shampooing, as Shower preparations, bath additives, liquid soaps - but also as a liquid cleaning agent in the Household or as a mild detergent. That segregated two or multi-phase appearance can be used to give the consumer the To make the composition of cleaning and care components clear and to motivate him to homogenize the product by shaking before use to use all components in the same way.

The following examples are intended to explain the subject matter of the invention in more detail - without it limit to:

Examples

Two-phase compositions were made by mixing those given in Table I. Components manufactured.

In some cases, dyes were also incorporated.

Part of the surfactant was mixed with the dye and then added. So it was e.g. B. in Example 11, part of the aqueous ether sulfate with Sudan blue and another part of Colored ether sulfate with quinoline yellow black. In this way - after separation of the Phases - get an upper blue and a lower yellow phase.

The phase separation took place over a period of 5-60 minutes. The examples containing ethanol showed a faster phase separation, usually within 10 minutes.

The percentages given in the table refer to% by weight anhydrous Active substance.

The following raw materials were used:
LES-Na: sodium C ₁₂ / C ₁₄ alkyl poly (2) glycol ether sulfate (Texapon®NSO, Henkel KGaA),
SBE-Na: sulfosuccinic acid - alkyl (C _12/14 -poly (3) glycol ether monoester-di-sodium salt, (Texapon®SB3, Henkel KGaA),
HEC: hydroxyethyl cellulose, viscosity 25 ° C (1% by weight): 350 m Pa.s, degree of substitution 2.5, Natrasol® 250 HR (Hercules),
Xanthan gum: Keltrol® SF (Kelco),
IR 400: Polyquaternium-10 (Polymer IR 400, Amerchol),
Dextran: Sigma, MG: 2-82000,
PPG 600: polypropylene glycol, molecular weight approx. 6000.

Claims (7)

1. Aqueous preparations at rest in the form of two or more unmixed, aqueous phases which are at times dispersible in one another with movement, with at least one dissolved, surface-active compound and at least one dissolved polymer compound, characterized in that at least one is used to accelerate the phases in the rest state water-soluble, mono- or polyhydric alcohol with 2-9 C atoms is contained therein. 2. Aqueous preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that as alcohol Ethanol or isopropanol is contained in an amount of 2-20 wt .-%. 3. Aqueous preparations according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that as a surface-active compound, an alkyl polyglycol ether sulfate salt or an alkyl polyglycol ether sulfosuccinate salt with an alkyl group with 12-18 C atoms and 1-6 Glycol ether groups or a mixture thereof in a total amount of 5-20% by weight are included. 4. Aqueous preparations according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that as the polymer compound, a compound selected from polypropylene glycols with moles molecular weight of more than 1000 D, a hydroxyethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, dextran, Sodium hyaluronate or cationic cellulose ethers is included. 5. Aqueous preparations according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that at least two different, surface-active compounds or at least two different polymer compounds are contained therein. 6. Aqueous preparations according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that to promote the phase separation of water-soluble, inorganic electrolyte salts in one Amount of 1-6 wt .-% are included.   7. Aqueous preparation according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that Dyes with a different solubility in the separated, aqueous phases are included.