DE19914198A1 - Reverse gear locking appliance for gear box - Google Patents

Abstract

A selector shaft (22) is axially moved by operating a gear shift lever, and during gear shifting is changed into a rotary movement. A gear shift and selector lever (34) on the gear shift and selector shaft which engages with a selector yoke for each gear, has a locking cam (44) which is tensioned by a restoring spring (90). A locking plate on the selector shaft has a hole into which fits a delimiter piece (80). The locking cam fits into a cam delimiter hole.

Description

The invention relates to a reverse gear locking device on one Manual gearbox, which is used in particular to prevent incorrect operation when Shifting the 5th gear to reverse gear through the temporary Resetting the shift lever to the neutral position is avoided.

A manually switchable gear transmission has multi-stage gear trains, whereby the gear trains are switched by operating the shift lever and the gears of the individual stages are brought into engagement, so the driving force of the engine depends on the driving conditions can be implemented.

Such a manual transmission has a locking device that with a switching and selector shaft is provided, which is operated by the Shift lever in gear selection in axial movement and in shifting in a rotary motion is brought with one on the selector and selector shaft seated shift and selector lever, which optionally engages with a shift yoke brought, which is assigned to each gear, with a locking cam, whose action is limited when the shift lever is operated, and with a on the switching and selector shaft arranged return spring, which the Locking cams act upon activation.

As shown in Fig. 19 and 20, the shift lever (not shown) is operated depending on the driving speed in the selection and switching direction.

In the case of a manual transmission, the locking device 206 ( FIG. 21) is mounted via an opening 204 in a transmission housing 202 , which is used to insert a cover 208 , the opening 204 being closed with the latter. The cover 208 is attached to the gear housing 202 with fastening bolts (not shown).

An axial bore 210 is machined in the cover 208 . Accordingly, an axial bore 212 is machined in the gear housing 202 . In the cover-side and the housing-side bores 210 and 212 , the selector and selector shaft 214 is axially displaceable and rotatable.

The switching and selector shaft 214 projects with its cover-side end outward over the cover 208 .

At the end of the switching and selector shaft 214 on the cover side, a connecting piece 216 for a control cable (not shown), which is connected to the switching lever, is fastened by means of a first fastening piece 218 . At the end of the switch and selector shaft 214 on the cover side, a seal 220 is also arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the cover 208 and the outer circumferential surface of the switch and selector shaft 214 and a protective piece 222 between the cover 208 and the connecting piece 216 .

On the shift and selector shaft 214 , a shift and selector lever 224 is arranged, which can be connected to a shift yoke assigned to each gear (not shown), and is fixed with a second fastening piece 226 , which is arranged in an approximately rectangular locking plate 228 which surrounds the shift and selector lever 224 . The locking plate 228 is formed with a groove 230 through which the shift and selection lever 224 protrudes, and with an elongated bolt hole 232 for delimiting the plate. In the elongated bolt hole 232 , a plate bolt 236 is inserted as a plate limiting means with its end region, which is screwed into a first threaded hole 234 of the gear housing 202 . The disk Bol zen 236 serves to axially displaceable and rotationally fixed mounting of the lock plate 228th The locking plate 228 is held with its housing-side part on a return spring holding piece 238 , which is fixed on the switching and selector shaft 214 , the Rückstellfe the holding piece 238 being fastened to the switching and selector shaft 214 by means of a third fastening piece 240 .

On the shift and selector shaft 214 , a locking cam 242 is arranged between the locking plate 228 and the cover 208 and is held on a cam retaining pin 246 , which passes through a through hole 244 in the shift and selector shaft 214 . The locking cam 242 is formed with pin engagement grooves 248 , in which the cam holding pin 246 engages with play at both ends.

In a second threaded part 250 of the gear housing 202 , a cam bolt zen 254 is screwed in as a limiting piece for the cam, on which a cam stop 252 of the locking cam 242 comes to rest so that the action of the locking cam 242 is limited when the shift lever is operated .

On the switching and selector shaft 214 , a first return spring 256 with play is arranged between the locking cam 242 and the cover 208 , which rests on a first one-sided holding piece 258 which bears against the inner surface of the cover 8 and the introduction of the switching and selector shaft 214 enables, and is supported on a second holding piece 260 , which is arranged on the shift and selector shaft 214 . The lid 208 is provided on the inner surface with a groove 262 which is arranged in the region of the first spring holding piece 258 and has an axially predetermined depth. In this cover-side groove 262 , a first limiting piece 264 for the shaft is arranged, which is fastened on the selector and selector shaft 214 . The second spring holding piece 260 is held against a middle limiting piece for the shaft, which is fastened on the selector and selector shaft 214 .

On the switching and selector shaft 214 , a second return spring 268 is arranged with play between the locking cam 242 and the locking plate 228 , which is attached at one end to the locking cam 242 and at the other end to the spring holding piece 238 .

On the shift and selector shaft 214 is further provided between the locking plate 228 and the inner surface of the gear housing 202, a third return spring arranged 270 with play, which is supported with one end on the lock plate 228 and adjacent the other end to a third spring-holding piece 272 , which is provided on the shift and selector shaft 214 . The third spring holding piece 272 is held against a holding piece 274 for the shaft, which is fastened on the selector and selector shaft 214 . The shaft holding piece 274 is arranged in a groove 276 , which is incorporated into the inner surface of the gear housing 202 .

The locking device 206 configured in this way, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, has the function that the axial displacement of the locking cam 242 when shifting in the direction of the 5th gear and the reverse gear (in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 19 ) is limited by the side surface of the cam limit pin 254 and the second return spring 268 is compressed, as shown in FIGS. 24 to 26.

When shifting into 5th gear (in the direction of arrow c in FIG. 19), the locking cam 242 is pivoted so that the cam stop 252 of the locking cam 242 is removed from the cam bolt 254 by the force of the second return spring 268 , as shown in Figs. 27 to 29. If the shift lever is now to be shifted from 5th gear directly to reverse gear (in the direction of arrows d and f in FIG. 19), the rotational movement of the locking cam 242 is limited by the lower surface of the cam pin 254 , so that the shifting reverse gear is impossible.

However, the temporary movement of the shift lever into the neutral position is possible, as shown in FIGS. 31 to 33, since the operating variable AA of the shift lever in the direction of arrow c in FIG. 19 is the sum of the distance CC between the locking cam 242 and the cam Holding pin 246 and the distance BB between the locking cam 242 and the cam pin 254 corresponds, as shown in Fig. 30, so that the operation of the shift lever in the direction of arrow d is possible.

Due to the temporary return to the neutral position, the mode of operation is possible, as illustrated in FIGS. 24 to 26.

The operation shown in FIGS. 24 to 26 enables shifting to the reverse gear since the rotational movement of the locking cam 242 is not limited, as shown in FIGS. 34 to 36.

Such a locking device is such. B. in JP patent disclosure Hei 9-229190 and JP utility model disclosure Hei 5-42824. In the Locking device according to JP patent disclosure Hei 9-229190 is a Stop provided for example on the gear housing, the first Stop surface, which the rotational movement of the switch head in the direction against the direction of engagement between this and a reverse gear shift arm limited, and has a second stop surface which the Switching movement of the switch head limited to 5th gear. This allows the locking mechanism and the stop mechanism for the selector shaft can be easily constructed so that a modification of the 5th Gearbox on a 4-speed gearbox is possible without difficulty. At the locking device according to JP utility model disclosure Hei 5-42824 is the locking plate that can be moved back and forth in the selection direction several cheeks arranged one after the other in the direction of choice short distance from these provided, with their two ends in stand out in the direction of choice and in any position of the locking plate  at least one jaw lies in the two end regions. By this configuration is a convenient choice of the shift lever reached.

In the known locking devices is despite the important Positional relationship between the locking cam and the cam pin the former arranged on the selector and selector shaft, while the latter on Gear housing is provided. As a result, the above Positional relationship of the dimensional accuracy of the locking cam, the Shift and selector shaft, the cam pin and the gearbox affects, which adversely affects the position accuracy of the entire device, because of the many components and the large number of Processing and assembly processes leads.

With a reverse gear locking device on a manual transmission, with a shift and selector shaft, which is operated by operating a shift lever in gear selection in axial movement and in shifting in rotary motion brought, with a on the shift and selector shaft and shift Selector lever, which is brought into engagement with a shift yoke that each gear is assigned, with a locking cam, the action of which Operation of the shift lever is limited, and with one on the shift and Selector shaft arranged return spring, which the locking cam Activate its activation, the invention is to avoid the Disadvantages in the prior art characterized in that one on the Switching and selector shaft arranged locking plate is provided with a plate restriction hole into which a plate restriction piece is inserted is that limits the shift and selector shaft with respect to their axial movement and rotatably supports, and is formed with a cam limiting hole in that the locking cam engages so that the by pressing the Shift lever-related action of the locking cam is limited.

According to the invention, all components of the locking device  be arranged on the switching and selector shaft, whereby the device of the positional accuracy of the components can not be influenced on a separate cam limiting piece can be omitted and one Reduction in the number of components and a reduction in Machining and assembly operations is achieved.

In the following the invention with reference to one shown in the drawing Embodiment explained in more detail.

It shows:

Fig. 1 shows a section through the locking device in the neutral position,

Figure 2 is a section taken along line -. In FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 shows a section through the locking device in the selection operating in the direction of the 5th gear and reverse gear,

5 shows a section taken along line -. In Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 4,

Fig. 7 is a section through the locking device in the circuit in the 5th gear,

Fig. 8 is a section along the line - in Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 7,

Fig. 10 is a section through the locking device in the circuit from the 5th gear directly into the reverse gear,

Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 10,

Fig. 13 is a view for explaining the distances,

Fig. 14 is a section through the locking device in the circuit in reverse gear,

15 is a section taken along line -. In FIG. 14,

Fig. 16 is a section through the locking device according to Fig. 14,

Fig. 17 is a section through the gearbox,

Fig. 18, another embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 19 is a representation of the operation directions of the shift lever,

Fig. 20 is a diagram of the select and shift direction of the shift lever,

Fig. 21 is a section through the locking device in the prior art,

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 21,

Fig. 23 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 21,

Fig. 24 is a section through the locking device in the selection operating in the direction of the 5th gear and the reverse gear in the prior art,

Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 24,

Fig. 26 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 25,

Fig. 27 is a section through the locking device in the circuit in the 5th gear in the prior art,

Fig. 28 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 27,

Fig. 29 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 28,

Fig. 30 is a view for explaining the distances,

Fig. 31 is a section through the locking device in the circuit from the 5th gear directly into reverse in the prior art,

Fig. 32 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 31,

Fig. 33 is a plan view of the locking device according to Fig. 31,

Fig. 34 is a section through the locking device when switching to reverse gear in the prior art

Fig. 35 is a section along the line - in Fig. 34 and

Fig. 36 is a section through the locking device according to Fig. 34.

In FIGS. 1 to 17, an embodiment of the invention is shown with 2, is designated by a 4 connected to the motor gearbox and 6 with a transmission housing, a motor which is eingebautet in the vehicle.

In the transmission case 6 , a low shift shaft, a high shift shaft, and a 5th gear / reverse gear shift shaft 8-1 , 8-2 and 8-3 are arranged side by side. The manual transmission 4 is provided with a reverse gear control device 10 which prevents erroneous actuation when switching from 5th gear to reverse gear while temporarily returning to the neutral position.

In the reverse gear locking device 10 , as shown in FIGS. 1 and 17, an insert hole 12 for a cover 14 running in the width direction of the manual transmission 4 is incorporated in a side region of the transmission housing 6 , the cover 14 being fastened to the transmission housing 6 by means of mounting screws.

The cover 14 is formed with an axial hole 18 . Corresponding to this hole, the gear housing 6 is formed with an axial hole 20 .

In the cover-side and the housing-side holes 18 and 20 , a switching and selection shaft 22 is inserted, it being axially displaceable when dialing and pivoting when switching.

With an end region on the cover side, the selector and selector shaft 22 projects beyond the cover 14 . In this end region, a connecting piece 24 is fixed to a first fastening piece 26 to which a control cable (not shown) for the shift lever is connected. In this end region, a seal 30 is also provided between the cover 14 and the switching and selection shaft 22 in a groove 28 in the inner surface of the cover 14 and between this and the connecting piece 24 a protective piece 32 .

On the selector and selector shaft 22 , a selector and selector lever 34 is fixed with a second fastening piece 36 , which can optionally be connected to one of the selector yokes (not shown) of the selector shafts 8 . The shift and selector lever 34 consists of a base part 38 which is fastened to the shift and selector shaft 22 with the second fastening piece 36 , and a connecting part 40 which can be connected to each shift yoke.

On the shift and selector shaft 22 , a locking cam 44 is arranged between the shift and selector lever 34 and an inner contact part 42 of the cover 14 , which has a stop 46 and is fixed on the shift and selector shaft 22 by means of a retaining pin 50 , which in a through hole 48 of the shift and select shaft 22 is inserted. The locking cam 44 is formed with a through hole 52 for introducing the shift and selector shaft 22 and a connecting groove 54 which is connected to the through hole 52 and into which the cam retaining pin 50 is inserted with play at both ends.

The contact part 42 of the cover 14 has an annular groove 58 with a certain depth, which is provided with a shaft stop surface 56 . In the cover-side groove 58 a restricting piece 60 is placed, which is fixed to the shift and selector shaft 22 so that these in the choice of the 5th gear or the reverse gear of the one-sided shaft stopper surface 56 comes to rest.

An inner-side contact part 62 of the gear housing 6 has an annular groove 66 with a certain depth, which is provided with a shaft stop surface 64 . In the case-side groove 66 a restricting piece 68 is disposed, which is fixed to the shift and selector shaft 22 so that these in selecting the 1st gear or 2nd gear on the shaft stopper surface 64 comes to rest.

Arranged on the switching and selection shaft 22 is an interlocking U-shaped locking plate 70 , which consists of a side part 72 , an opposite side part 74 and a connecting part 76 . The side part 74 is directed essentially perpendicular to the selector and selector shaft 22 and comes to rest on the contact part 42 of the cover 14 in order to position the locking plate 70 in the axial direction. The other side part 74 is directed essentially perpendicular to the selector and selector shaft 22 and comes to rest on the opposite side of the selector and selector shaft 22 on the side surface of the selector and selector lever 34 . The connecting part 76 is arranged running along the switching and selector shaft 22 . The connecting part 76 has a pin-longitudinal hole 82 as a plate-Be grenzungsloch, into which one end of a plate-bolt 80 is inserted grenzungsmittel as disk loading, which is screwed in the region of the switching and selector lever in a threaded hole 78 of the gear housing 6, and an L-shaped engagement hole 84 for the locking cam 44 , which serves as a limiting means for the cam. The bolt slot 82 , which cooperates with the plate bolt 80 , is formed along the shift and selector shaft 22 so long that it allows an axial displacement of the locking plate 70 , but prevents its rotation. The engagement hole 84 for the cam consists of a first rectangular engagement hole part 84 a, which extends perpendicular to the shift and selector shaft 22 , and a second engagement hole part 86 b, in the direction of rotation of the shift and selector shaft 22 and in the shift direction in FIGS Gear, 3rd gear or 5th gear can be connected to the first engagement hole part 84 a. The engagement hole 84 for the cam also has a first inner surface 86 for limiting the cam, into which the cam stop 46 of the locking cam 44 engages when the 5th gear or the reverse gear is engaged, and a second inner surface 88 for limiting the cam, into which the cam stop 46 engages in the direct shift from 5th gear into reverse gear.

Between the locking cam 44 and the cover 14 , a first return spring 90 is arranged on the switching and selector shaft 22 with play, which is at one end on the side part 72 of the locking plate 70 and at the other end on a spring holding piece 92 on the switching and Selector shaft 22 supports. The spring retainer 92 is adjacent to a central shaft-Be 94 hold that is attached to the switching and selection shaft 22 .

Between the locking cam 44 and the shift and selector lever 34 , a second return spring 96 is arranged on the shift and selector shaft 22 with play, which is fastened with one end directly to the locking cam 44 and with the other end directly to the shift and selector lever 34 , to act on the locking cam 44 in the axial direction and in the direction of rotation.

Between the shift and select lever 34 and the transmission case 6, finally, a third return spring 98 is disposed on the shift and selector shaft 22 with clearance, is supported by one end directly to the other end of the lock plate 70 and the other end on a spring holding piece 100 . The spring retainer 100 is held against a shaft-Be limit piece 68 which is attached to the switching and selector shaft 22 . When switching the selector and selector shaft 22 into 1st gear or 2nd gear, the shaft limiting piece 68 comes into contact with the shaft stop surface 64 .

The mode of operation of this exemplary embodiment is described below:

In the intermediate position (neutral position) of the shift lever, as shown in Fig. 1 to 3, the cam stop 46 of the locking cam 44 is on the first boundary surface 86 in the first engagement hole part 84 a of the cam-a hole 84 .

When the shift lever is shifted in the direction of the 5th gear or the reverse gear, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the shift and selector shaft 22 is displaced axially, the axial movement of the locking cam 44 due to the engagement of the cam stop 46 is limited on the first boundary surface 86 and the second return spring 96 is compressed.

By switching the shift lever to 5th gear, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the cam stop 46 of the locking cam 44 is removed from the first boundary surface 86 , so that it b on the second boundary surface 88 of the second engagement hole part 86 Facility is coming.

In the circuit of the shift lever from the 5th gear directly into the reverse gear, as Figs. 10 to 12, thus the movement of the locking cam is limited 44 in the rotational direction (the shifting direction) by the second restriction surface 88, whereby the shift operation of the shift lever in the Reverse gear is impossible. In this case, however, the locking cam 44 can be reset to the neutral position, as shown in FIG. 13. After this return of the locking cam 44 to the neutral position, the actuation shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is made possible.

To switch on the reverse gear, as shown in FIG. 14 to 16, is then reset to the locking cam 44 of the cam stop 46.

Because all components of the locking device 10 are arranged on the switching and selection shaft 22 , the positional accuracy of the entire locking device 10 can be increased without the influence of the dimensional accuracy of each component.

Since the separate limiting piece for the locking cam 44 is dispensed with in the prior art, a reduction in the number of components and thus a simple construction, as well as a reduction in the machining and assembly processes and thus a cost saving is achieved.

By positioning one side part 72 of the locking plate 70 on the cover-side contact part 42 , an axial positioning of the locking plate 70 in a simple construction is made easier, and without separate components.

In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the connecting part 76 of the locking plate 70 can be designed to be curved in accordance with the geometric location of the rotary movement of the locking cam 44 (SG1). This makes it possible to bring the cam stop 46 into firm engagement with the second boundary surface 88 of the second engaging hole part 84 b during the switching operation in which the locking cam 44 is set in rotation.

As described in detail above, one is according to the invention Locking plate arranged on the selector and selector shaft with a Plate limiting hole in which a plate limiting piece is inserted, that limits the shift and selector shaft with respect to their axial movement and rotatably supports, and is formed with a cam limiting hole in the the locking cam engages so that by pressing the Shift lever-related action of the locking cam is limited. This means that all components of the locking device on the Switching and selector shaft are arranged, whereby the device of the Positional accuracy of the components is not affected and thus the Position accuracy of the entire device can be increased to one separate cam limiting piece is dispensed with and a reduction the number of components and a reduction in machining and Assembly operations is achieved.

Claims (3)

1. Reverse gear locking device in a manual transmission, with a shift and selector shaft ( 22 ), which is brought into operation by the actuation of a shift lever in gear selection in axial movement and in shifting motion, with one on the shift and selector shaft ( 22 ) seated shift and selector lever ( 34 ), which is brought into engagement with a shift yoke which is assigned to each gear, with a locking cam ( 44 ), the action of which is limited when the shift lever is actuated, and with one on the shift and Selector shaft ( 22 ) arranged return spring ( 90 ), which acts on the locking cam ( 44 ) when it is activated, characterized by a locking plate ( 70 ) arranged on the switching and selector shaft ( 22 ), which has a plate limiting hole ( 82 ), in that a plate-limiting piece ( 80 ) is used, which limits the shift and selector shaft with respect to their axial movement and carries it in a rotationally fixed manner and with an N ocken limiting hole ( 84 ) is provided, in which the locking cam ( 44 ) engages so that the action of the locking cam caused by the actuation of the shift lever is limited. 2. reverse gear locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking cam ( 44 ) is acted upon by the return spring ( 96 ) relative to the switching and selector shaft ( 22 ) in the axial direction and in the direction of rotation. 3. reverse gear locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking plate ( 70 ) is positioned in the axial direction in that it comes to rest on an inner surface of a cover ( 14 ) which is inserted into a hole in the gear housing ( 6 ) is.