DE19861100A1 - Spindle or worm drive for adjusting mechanisms in motor vehicles has push-in connections for plates forming housing of mechanism and constructed as supporting connection points taking gearing forces - Google Patents

Abstract

The plates(71a,b,72a,b) forming the mechanism housing are fitted together by push-in connections which are constructed as supporting connection points taking gearing forces. The plates consist of two L-shaped plates, or at least two pairs of opposite lying disc-shaped plates, or one U-shaped plate and one disc-shaped plate. The raised sections of the push-in connections extend along the plane of the housing plates, and the corresponding openings extend at right angles to this plane. An independent claim is included for a procedure for fitting of the mechanism housing in which the plates of the housing are fitted together by push-in connections.

Description

The invention relates to a spindle or worm drive for adjustment devices in motor vehicles according to the upper Concept of claim 1.

From DE-OS 17 55 740 a spindle drive for a Ver adjusting device known in a motor vehicle seat. The Motor vehicle seat is on two parallel slide rails NEN attached to the Füh arranged on the vehicle floor  rails run. Parallel to each slide rail and a threaded spindle is connected to this in a rotationally fixed manner arranged.

In addition to the fixed guide rails and fixed with them is connected to a gear block mounted on the one Lead screw arranged spindle nut and one with this intermeshing drive screw. The drive screws of each gearbox stand with a common one men drive motor in connection. The gear block is there of two parts that are screwed together.

If the drive motor is actuated, the drive screw the spindle nuts twisted. Because the thread spin del is rotatably arranged, thereby the thread spin del and the associated vehicle seat relative to Gear block and thus shifted to the vehicle floor.

This solution has the disadvantage that the gear block in its production is expensive. The gear block itself is too large, so that it is not internal, for example half of the rails can be arranged.

DE 40 21 669 A1 describes a housing for an electri known auxiliary drive, which has two half-shells, which are held together by means of elastic locking elements become.

From DE 43 24 913 C1 is a housing for an electri known actuator, which consists of a housing shell and there is a housing cover, on the one hand via elastic  Snap elements are connected to each other and that on the other hand, via additional support points support.

The object of the invention is to provide a gear housing for a spindle or worm drive for adjusters to develop directions in motor vehicles, the cost-effective can be produced and assembled. The gearbox should be small and compact and preferably the installation Allow a rail guide within the rails.

This object is achieved in that the gear elements store the drive in a gearbox housing befe at least two to each other by means of plug connections Stigen housing plates, the connectors as a load-bearing connection that absorbs the transmission forces are formed on which the housing plates together be kept.

The invention has the advantage that the size of the transmission significantly reduced compared to comparable gearboxes can be because of the attachment of each housing parts serving connectors at the same time Transmission forces are suitable. So that is Application of the drive according to the invention also for motor vehicles Stuff possible where the seat is very narrow Rails is stored, or it becomes the possibility closed to pass on narrow rail guides.

Advantageous configurations of the gearbox result themselves from claims 2 to 26.  

A procedure for assembling the gearbox is through the features of claim 27 and dependent thereon Claims 28 to 33 characterized.

According to subclaims 34 to 42 is also an emergency bed provided that it is possible, even in the event of a Blocking the transmission the vehicle seat in one position to proceed with the removal of the gearbox (due to its compact design within the guide rails can be arranged) allows.

The manufacture of the gearbox is also small pay profitably. Manufacturing costs are saved, because the housing parts and the tools are inexpensive are adjustable. After the housing has been installed there is no need post-processing of the housing plates.

The possible uses of the gearbox are great. In particular due to its size and light weight it can be used for drives, the use of such ger transmission was previously not possible.

In the following, the invention is to be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments play will be explained in more detail. The associated drawings gen have the following meaning:

Fig. 1 perspective view of a spindle drive (showing one side of the bearing of the vehicle seat);

Fig. 2 threaded spindle with gear including holding tion;

Fig. 3 bracket for a transmission;

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the transmission including bracket;

Fig. 5 representation of the transmission in the assembled state;

Fig. 6 housing plate with bearing bore for the worm drive;

Fig. 7 housing plate with bearing bore for Spindelmut ter;

Fig. 8 is representation of a L-shaped housing plate;

Fig. 9 representation of a U-shaped housing plate in connection with a disc-shaped housing plate;

Fig. 10 storage of the threaded spindle with a quetschba ren threaded element as anti-rotation and for emergency operation;

Fig. 11 storage of the threaded spindle with a quetschba ren passage;

Fig. 12 storage of the threaded spindle with a threaded element braced by a lock nut as a rotation lock;

Fig. 13 storage of the threaded spindle with a position-fixed th nut which is clamped on the threaded spindle via a lock nut;

Fig. 14 storage of the threaded spindle with a Verdrehsi insurance from plastic;

Fig. 15 sectional view of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is view of a rotation of the threaded spindle with a plastic fuse;

Fig. 17 protection against rotation of the threaded spindle via a weld squeeze nut with spacer;

Fig. 18 schematic diagram of an adjustment drive with a rack and

Fig. 19 representation of a spindle drive for a Fen sterheber.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, a holding plate 1 is assigned to a top rail 3 . On the holding plate 1 are mounting tabs 11 a; 11 b see for the drive motor 2 , so that the drive motor 2 is firmly connected to the holding plate 1 and thus firmly connected to the top rail 3 .

The upper frame of the vehicle seat, not shown here, is attached to the top rail 3 .

Drive shafts 21 and 22 are arranged on both sides of the drive motor 2 . Flexible shafts are preferably used for this purpose. These drive shafts 21 , 22 establish the connection to a transmission 9 , the location, training and functi on of which is explained in more detail below.

The upper rail 3 slides directly or via adjustment and / or bearing elements, not shown, on a lower rail 4 defined on the vehicle base.

In the functional position of the upper rail 3 and lower rail 4 , these are held by their contact or storage areas so that a cavity 31 results. Within this cavity 31 , a threaded spindle 5 is arranged, which is received between brackets 6 a and 6 b, which are fixedly arranged on the lower rail 4 . The connection between the brackets 6 a; 6 b takes place via fastening nuts 6 c; 6 d; 6 c '; 6 d '.

The threaded spindle 5 interacts with the gear 9 , which is also arranged in the cavity 31 and is mounted in a stationary manner in the top rail 3 . This arrangement is shown in FIG. 2. The gear 9 is held in a U-shaped holding tion 8 , which is firmly connected to the upper rail 3 , not shown here. Between the legs 86 a; 86 b of the brackets 8 and the gear 9 are decoupling elements 10 a; 10 b inserted to decouple emerging noises and compensate for tolerances.

Another embodiment of the mounting of the gear 9 is to realize this in the top rail 3 via an elongated bracket 8 '. This bracket is shown in FIG. 3. The gear 9 , not shown here, is mounted analogously to the type shown in FIG. 2 in the gear receiving part 81 of the holder 8 '. The legs 82 a, 82 b of the bracket 8 'are attached to the top rail 3 . In the embodiment, these are screwed to the top rail 3 ver. For this reason, the legs 82 a, 82 b have fastening openings 83 which correspond to the fastening openings 30 shown in FIG. 1 in the top rail 3 . The fastening openings 83 are assigned welding nuts 84 , that is to say the welding nuts 84 are welded onto the openings. The weld nuts 84 point in the direction of the cavity 31 . Instead of the welding nuts 84 , unit nuts or punch nuts can also be used. Another possibility is to produce passages instead of the nuts, which can be provided with an internal thread. Combinations of the options described above can also be used. This connection or screwing of the bracket 8 'to the top rail 3 improves its rigidity. By arranging the above-mentioned weld nuts 84 or the passages, it is possible to completely assemble the gear 9 with the holding device 8 'beforehand and this unit in the cavity 31 of the already mounted rail guide 3 ; 4 to insert. The top rail 3 can be screwed to the holder 8 ′ via the fastening openings 83 and.

The brackets 8 ; 8 'have, in a further embodiment, target deformation points 87 a; 87 b, which between the legs 86 a; 86 b of the gearbox mount 81 and 82's legs; 82 b of the bracket 82 a; 82 b are arranged. These target deformation points 87 a; In the simplest case, 87 b can be appropriately dimensioned weld seams. However, it is also possible to use 87 a; 87 b Use angles or other profiles at this point. All these elements are dimensioned so that they only give in at a predetermined target load and only then the legs 86 a; 86 b or the transmission mount 81 is deformed. This then happens so that when a predetermined maximum limit load is exceeded, the legs 86 a; Swing 86 b sideways and jam the threaded spindle 5 . In the event of a crash, this contributes to additional securing of the vehicle seat.

The two legs 82 a; 82 b of the bracket 8 'are angled and have in the angular ranges 85 a; 85 b a mate rial widening that largely fills the cavity 31 . This can improve the rigidity of the rail guide, that is, its resistance to buckling. The interlocking of the upper rail 3 with the lower rail 4 remains in engagement.

In the legs 82 a; 82 b drilled holes 88 a; 88 b serve to center the holder 8 'to the upper rail 3 , for example by blind rivets, not shown here. The in the legs 86 a; 86 b arranged passages 89 a; 89 b increase the critical cross section of the bracket 8 'and contribute to safe power transmission in the event of a crash.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the gear 9 consists of a drive worm 91 , the toothing 92 'of a spindle nut 92 is engaged via the outer Schneckenver. The drive screw 91 is via the drive shaft 21 ; 22 connected to the drive motor 2 (see Fig. 1). The spindle nut 92 is assigned to the threaded spindle del 5 via its internal thread.

How the device works: If the drive motor 2 rotates, it transmits its movement via the drive shaft 21 ; 22 on the drive screw 91 . This transmits its rotary movement to the spindle nut 92 . Since the threaded spindle 5 is non-rotatable, the gear 9 and thus the upper rail 3 connected to it, including the motor vehicle seat, must perform a translatory movement (see FIG. 1).

In FIG. 4, the transmission 9 is shown in an exploded view of the structure. It can be seen that the transmission elements, consisting of a drive screw 91 and a spindle nut 92 in the housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b of a gear housing 7 are mounted. In FIG. 5, the gear 9 is shown in the assembled state. It can be seen that the drive screw 91 is supported on Lagerbohrun gene 73 a and 73 b in the housing plate 71 a and 71 b, while the spindle nut 92 is mounted in bearing bores 74 a and 74 b of the housing plate 72 a and 72 b. For the axial run-up of the spindle nut 92 and the driving spline 91 , washers 95 and 96 are provided, for axial play, shaft washers 95 'are used; 96 '.

From FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, a possible structure of the gear housing 7 is visible. As can be seen in FIGS. 5 to 7, this consists of two opposing, disc-shaped housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b, the housing plates in the individual illustration according to FIGS. 6 and 7 being provided with the reference numerals 71 and 72 , respectively. The housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b are preferably made of a sintered material; however, other materials, such as cast materials, steel or plastic, can also be used. The housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b are made to their final dimensions. This also applies to the bearing bores 73 a; 73 b; 74 a; 74 b, whose position in the housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b and also their fit tolerances.

The related, opposing housing plates th 71 a; 71 b and 72 a; 72 b are identical in shape. Here, a pair, in the exemplary embodiment it is the housing plates 72 a; 72 b formed as webs 76 areas that on the edges of the housing plates 72 a; 72 b are angeord net, that is, along the plane of the housing plates 72 a; 72 b extend. The opposite pages 761; 761 'of the webs 76 are either parallel, tapered or have scraper ribs.

In the edge areas of the housing plates 71 a; For this purpose, 71 b are corresponding recesses 75 designed as through openings transversely to the plane of the housing plates 71 a; 71 b arranged. These recesses 75 point to pages 761 ; 761 'of the webs 76 parallel surfaces 752 ; 752 'on.

Other possible embodiments of the housing plates are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. These are two L-shaped housing plates 77 a; 77 b. This L-shaped housing plate 77 a; 77 b have webs 76 'on one of their legs, which correspond to recesses 75 ' analogously to the exemplary embodiment described above. The corresponding bearing bores 73 'and 74 ', as already described above, are introduced into the housing plates.

In Fig. 9, a gear housing is shown, which consists of a U-shaped housing plate 78 and a disk-shaped housing plate 79 associated therewith. The legs of the U-shaped housing plate 78 also wear Ste ge 76 ", which engage in corresponding recesses 75 " of the disc-shaped housing plate 79 .

The webs 76 ; 76 '; 76 '' into the recesses 75 ; 75 '; 75 '' inserted. The dimensions of the recesses 75 ; 75 '; 75 '' and webs 76 ; 76 '; 76 '' are so matched to each other that either clearance fits or press fits can be formed by assembly methods. After plugging together, the position of the recesses 75 and the web 76 and thus the position of the drive worm 91 to the spin del nut 92 is fixed and thus finally determined by the material in the region of the plug connections being plastically deformed.

The assembly of the gear housing 7 can be supported by automatic processes or fully replaced. This is now based on disk-shaped housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b explained. The assembly of the L-shaped housing plates 77 and U-shaped housing plates 78 and 79 is carried out analogously. Including the housing (housing plates 71; 72) end, the transmission elements (Antriebsschnec ke 91, spindle nut 92, washers 95;; 96, wave washers 95 '96') pre-assembled. This means that the gear elements are inserted into the bearing holes provided for this purpose and the housing plates 71 ; 72 are put together.

This preassembled gear 9 is now inserted into a combined holding and caulking device which grips the gear 9 on its outer contour. The holding takes place in the direction of the plane of the housing plates 72 a; 72 b, the holding forces acting on the four corners of the housing plate 71 a or 71 b being kept relatively low.

The gear 9 is now moved by preferably rotating the worm gear 92 . At least one turn must be made. The housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b can be aligned without tension. After completion of this movement, the holding forces are increased so that the gear elements 91 ; 92 and housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b are held in this position and slipping is prevented. A caulking tool now engages in the loading area of the plug connections, that is, in the contact points between the webs 76 ; 76 'and 76 ''and the recesses 75 ; 75 'and 75 ''and plastically deforms the material at these points. The deformation takes place so that the material forms undercuts, for example, and so the position of the housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b are finally fixed to each other.

To deform the bearing bores 74 a; To avoid 74 b of the spin del nut 92 , the caulking does not take place over the entire length of the plug connections. It is only carried out caulking in the area where a flow of the forces on the bearing area of the spindle nut 92 in the housing plate 72 and thus a deformation of the bearing bores 74 can be excluded.

The fixing of the housing plates 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b can also be done by welding the material in the area of the plug connections using laser technology. Another possibility is to change the position of the housing plates 71 ; 72 to each other by pouring the material in the area of the connectors.

Another embodiment of the method is that the rotation of the gear elements for the purpose of aligning takes place at a higher speed. It is expedient to work with the nominal speed or with a speed of the gearbox above this. The resulting gyro forces hold the position of the gear elements 91 ; 92 stable to each other, so that the fixation can take place here during the movement.

The storage of the threaded spindle 5 can be further designed so that the brackets 6 a; 6 b (see FIG. 2) of the threaded spindle 5 vibration-damping bushings (not shown here) or similar components are assigned.

It is also provided that the mounting of the threaded spindle 5 be equipped with an emergency actuation. This is necessary to enable the threaded spindle 5 to be unscrewed in the event of a defect in the gear 9 . As a result, the motor vehicle seat can also be moved in this case, which is necessary for its removal, since the screwing of the holder 6 a; 6 b with the lower rail 4 can be covered by the upper rail 3 . If you want to loosen the screwing, the top rail 3 must be moved to the bottom rail 4 .

For this purpose, it is provided that the threaded spindle is supported on at least one holder 6 a; 6 b to be equipped with a predetermined breaking point and to provide the threaded spindle 5 with at least one end with a form-locking element 52 which can be gripped and rotated with a tool in the application. In Figs. 10 to 17 are shown such Ausführun gene.

In Fig. 10 an embodiment is shown wherein the pitch of a threaded element 60 is inserted in, having on its periphery a material weakening as a circumferential groove 61. However, other material weakenings are also possible, such as. B. notches or the like. The threaded element 60 is with one of the brackets 6 a; 6 b welded. In order to form a predetermined breaking point, the material is squeezed with the threaded spindle 5 in the area of the groove 61 . This takes place at two opposing attack points (see arrows), whereby a one-sided crushing is also possible. In the case of emergency actuation, the threaded spindle 5 rotates ver and thus overcomes the crushing force.

As threaded elements 60 , for example, welding, stamping or sheet metal nuts can be used, which enter into material or non-positive connections with the material.

A simple variant is shown in FIG . Here, instead of a threaded element 60, a passage 62 in the holder 6 a; 6 b produced, which is provided with a thread for recording the threaded spindle 5 . The passage 62 is squeezed with the threaded spindle 5 (see arrows).

Fig. 12 shows a solution in which, analogously to the variant shown in Fig. 10, a threaded element 60 'with the bracket 6 a; 6 b is welded. This threaded element 60 'is clamped by a lock nut 63 . In the event of an emergency operation, the lock nut 63 can be loosened and the threaded spindle 5 rotated.

A similar solution is shown in FIG . A Mut ter 64 is not here with the bracket 6 a; 6 b welded ver, but held positively via a stop 6 e, which on the bracket 6 a; 6 b is attached. The bracing is also carried out via a lock nut 63 . As a predetermined breaking point, at least one welding point 60 a is hen between the nut 64 and the threaded spindle 5 .

FIGS. 14 and 15 show a solution in which an Si disposed cherungsblech 65, which has a tab 65 a on which ensures between the holder 6 a and the hedging sheet 65 arranged nut 64 'in their position. As a predetermined breaking point, a preferably made of plastic anti-rotation 66 is used here. This is positively inserted with its outer contour into a threaded spindle receiving bore 65 b of the locking plate 65 . The positive connection is here achieved by at least one molded on the circumference of the anti-rotation element 66 Formschlussele element 66 , which correspon with a corresponding recess 65 c in the threaded spindle receiving bore 65 b. The anti-rotation device 66 a is connected to the threaded spindle 5 in a rotationally fixed manner by a square or a geometrically differently formed element attached to the end of the threaded spindle 5 engaging in the corresponding inner contour 66 b of the anti-rotation device.

In the event of emergency actuation, the threaded spindle 5 is finally rotated against rotation 66 , which leads to disruption of rotation 66 . So that the thread despindel 5 can be moved.

Fig. 16 shows another possible application for a plastic anti-rotation element. Here is in a Ge threaded spindle receiving openings of both brackets 6 a; 6 b, a plastic fuse 67 a is molded in such a way that the circular cross section of the receiving opening 67 is retained, but the width b of the plastic fuse is larger than the diameter d of the receiving opening 67 . The crushing and thus the formation of the predetermined breaking point is carried out by forces in the direction of the arrows. This creates the possibility that the threaded spindle 5 can transmit tensile and compressive forces as well as hen is secured against twisting.

In the case of emergency operation, the plastic fuse 67 a is knocked out, so that the threaded spindle 5 can evade into the space that is freed or, if necessary, can be pressed into this space with the help of a tool, not shown here. Thus, the threaded spindle 5 is free and the motor vehicle seat can be removed without the threaded spindle 5 having to be rotated.

In Fig. 17 is a Spezialquetschmutter 68 is shown, similar to that described with reference to Figure 10 when the game with a holder 6 a. 6 b is welded and has a circumferential groove 61 'as a material weakening. The squeezing on the threaded spindle 5 and the emergency actuation take place analogously to the example of Fig. 10. In this example, however, on the of the brackets 6 a; 6 b facing away from the special crimp nut 68, a spacer 69 is arranged, which limits the travel of the upper rail 3 on the lower rail 4 . A variable end stop can also be achieved, for example, via plastic clips, not shown here, which are attached separately to the threaded spindle when the motor vehicle seat is mounted.

In order to be able to carry out the above-described emergency operation, the end of the threaded spindle 5 must be gripped with a tool (with the exception of the example described in FIG. 16). For this purpose, the end of the threaded spin del 5 must be provided with a correspondingly formed Formschlußele element 52 . This can be done, for example, by flattening it on one or two sides, or by providing an inner or outer polygon, preferably a square.

The use of the gearbox described above bes is not limited to the actuation of a threaded spindle 5 . A rack can also be used. Fig. 18 shows schematically the arrangement of such a device, which is arranged within the transmission housing 7 'according to the invention. Here meshes with the drive worm 91 'with a worm wheel 93 that is axially fixed to a worm 94 . The worm 94 is in engagement with the toothing of a rack 51 .

Due to the rotary movement of the drive motor, not shown here, a rotary movement is transmitted to the driving screw 91 '. This moves the worm wheel 93 and thus the worm 94 , which leads to a relative movement between the rack 51 and the gear. This device can also be used to operate a seat adjustment device or a window lifter or other adjustment device in a motor vehicle.

In Fig. 19 a schematic diagram is shown, from which one can see a possibility for the use of the invention for driving a window lifter to a vehicle door. As can be seen in FIG. 19, a window pane 12 is placed between two guide rails 131 ; 132 held, which are arranged on each side of the vehicle door. On the lower edge 12 'of the window pane 12 , a window lifter motor 15 is arranged via a holding rail 14 , which is supplied with current via a cable. The drive shaft 23 of the window regulator motor 15 is connected to the transmission 9 . The structure of the transmission 9 has already been described with reference to FIG. 4. That is, within the transmission housing 7 there is a drive worm, not shown here, which is in engagement with a threaded spindle 5 'via a spindle nut. The threaded spindle 5 is via bracket 161 ; 162 rotatably on the inner door panel 17 BEFE Stigt. The axis of the threaded spindle 5 must point in the direction of the movement of the window pane 12 .

If the window motor 15 rotates, the spindle nut is rotated via the drive worm (not shown here). Since the threaded spindle 5 'is non-rotatable, the unit of gear 9 , window motor 15 and window pane 12 which is firmly connected to one another must move along the axis of the threaded spindle 5 '. The window pane 12 in the guide rails 131 ; 132 led.

The application of the invention is not limited to Examples of the actuation of the seat described above longitudinal adjustment and the power window drive. It is still possible, the invention for spindle or Schnec core drives for adjusting the seat height, the seat angle, the seat cushion depth adjustment, the seat back adjustment and the adjustment of the headrest.  

Reference list

1

Retaining plate

10th

a;

10th

b decoupling element

11

a;

11

b mounting brackets

12th

Window pane

12th

Lower edge of the window pane

131

;

132

Guide rails

14

Holding rails

15

Window motor

151

electric wire

161

;

162

Bracket

2nd

Drive motor

21

;

22

drive shaft

24th

drive shaft

3rd

Top rail

30th

Mounting hole

31

cavity

4th

Bottom rail

5

;

5

'' Lead screw

51

Rack

52

Positive locking element

60

;

60

'' Threaded element

60

a spot weld

61

Groove

62

Draft

63

;

63

'Lock nut

64

;

64

' Mother

65

Lock washer

65

a tab

65

b Threaded spindle mounting hole

65

c recess

66

Anti-rotation device

66

a positive locking element

66

b Inner contour of the anti-rotation device

67

Lead screw receiving opening

67

a plastic fuse

68

Special crush nut

6

a;

6

b Brackets

6

c;

6

d;

6

c ';

6

d 'mounting nut

6

e stop

7

;

7

'' Gear housing

71

a;

71

b Housing plates

72

a;

72

b Housing plates

73

a;

73

b bearing holes

74

a;

74

b bearing holes

75

;

75

';

75

'' Recesses

76

;

76

';

76

'' Walkways

761

;

762

Walkways

77

L-shaped housing plate

78

U-shaped housing plate

79

disc-shaped housing plate

8th

bracket

81

Gearbox mount

82

a;

82

b Leg of the bracket

83

Mounting holes

84

mother

85

Angular ranges

86

a;

86

b Leg of the gearbox mount

87

a;

87

b Target deformation points

9

;

9

' Transmission

91

Drive screw

92

Spindle nut

92

'' Worm gear teeth

93

Worm wheel

94

slug

95

;

95

';

96

;

96

'' Wave ring

Claims (42)

1. Spindle or worm drive for Verstellinrichtun conditions in motor vehicles, especially for Sitzverstel leinrichtung, window lifters and sunroofs, with a fixed spindle or a fixed rack, which is attached to a first of two relative to each other adjustable parts, with a gearbox on second of the relatively adjustable parts is arranged, and with a gear housing for receiving the gear, which consists of at least two attachable housing plates, characterized in that the housing plates ( 71 ; 72 ; 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b; 77 a; 77 b; 78 ; 79 ) can be fastened to one another by means of plug connections which are designed as load-bearing connection points which absorb the transmission forces, at which the housing plates ( 71 ; 72 ; 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b; 77 a; 77 b; 78 ; 79 ) are held together. 2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear housing ( 7 ) consists of two L-shaped housing plates ( 77 a; 77 b). 3. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear housing ( 7 ) consists of at least two pairs of opposing disc-shaped housing plates ( 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b). 4. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mutually paired housing plates ( 71 a; 71 b; 72 a; 72 b) are formed identically. 5. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear housing ( 7 ) consists of a U-shaped ( 78 ) and a disc-shaped housing plate ( 79 ). 6. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the raised areas ( 76 ; 76 '; 76 '') of the plug connections along the plane of the housing plates ( 72 ; 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) and the assigned recesses ( 75 ; 75 '; 75 '') extend transversely to the plane of the housing plates ( 72 ; 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ). 7. Drive according to claim 6, characterized in that the recesses are formed as through openings ( 75 ; 75 '; 75 ''). 8. Drive according to claim 6, characterized in that the raised areas are formed as webs ( 76 ; 76 '; 76 ''). 9. Drive according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the raised areas ( 76 ; 76 '; 76 '') of the plug connections in the mounting direction have parallel surfaces ( 761 ; 762 ; 761 '; 762 '), which paßge New recesses ( 75 ; 75 '; 75 '') with surfaces ( 751 ; 752 ; 751 '; 752 ') that are also parallel in the mounting direction are assigned. 10. Drive according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the raised areas ( 76 ; 76 '; 76 '') of the plug connections have conically extending surfaces in the mounting direction, the recesses ( 75 ; 75 '; 75 '' ) with possibly parallel surfaces ( 751 ; 752 ) in the assembly direction, so that an interference fit is formed during assembly. 11. Drive according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the raised areas ( 76 ; 76 '; 76 '') of the plug connections with the recesses ( 75 ; 75 '; 75 '') first form a clearance fit and that the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) are fixed by plastically deforming the material in the area of the plug connections. 12. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) are made of a sintered material, a cast material, steel or plastic. 13. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the bearings ( 73 ; 73 a; 73 b; 74 ; 74 '; 74 ''; 74 a; 74 b) of the gear elements ( 91 ; 91 ';92;93; 94 ) are integrated in the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ). 14. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gear ( 9 ) from a Ge threaded spindle ( 5 ) 'a spindle nut ( 92 ) with an external worm gear ( 92 ) and an engaging drive worm ( 91 ) . 15. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gear ( 9 ) consists of a rack ( 51 ), an associated worm ( 94 ) with worm wheel ( 93 ) and a drive worm ( 91 '), the worm ( 94 ) with the worm gear ( 93 ) lies on an axis and is firmly connected to it. 16. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded spindle ( 5 ) in the cavity ( 31 ) of a box-shaped guide rail ( 3 ; 4 ) of a seat longitudinal adjustment is arranged, the threaded spindle ( 5 ) via its ends on the vehicle fixed Lower rail ( 4 ) and the gear housing ( 7 ) is attached to the upper rail ( 3 ) which can be moved for this purpose. 17. Drive according to claim 16, characterized in that the gear housing ( 7 ) in a U-shaped transmission ( 81 ) supports a bracket ( 8 ), the legs ( 82 a; 82 b) for fastening the gear ( 9 ) the top rail ( 3 ) are provided. 18. Drive according to claim 16 and 17, characterized in that the legs ( 82 a; 82 b) of the holder ( 8 ) over the entire length of the upper rail ( 3 ) and carry mounting openings ( 83 ), the fastening supply openings ( 30 ) are assigned to the top rail ( 3 ), so that the holder ( 8 ) can be connected to the top rail ( 3 ) and stiffens it. 19. Drive according to claim 16 to 18, characterized in that the fastening openings ( 83 ), the bracket ( 8 ') are designed as internally threaded fasteners ( 84 ), preferably in the form of passages, which protrude into the cavity ( 31 ). 20. Drive according to claim 16 to 19, characterized in that the gear ( 9 ) completely pre-assembled and installed in the holder ( 8 ') in the cavity ( 31 ) of the rail guide ( 3 ; 4 ) insertable and via the BEFE stigungsöffnungen ( 83 ) can be screwed to the top rail ( 3 ). 21. Drive according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the end regions ( 85 a; 85 b) of the holding tion ( 8 ') are angled and are designed such that they have the free cross section of the top rail ( 3 ) and / or fill the bottom rail ( 4 ) as far as possible. 22. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for noise decoupling and tolerance compensation between the transmission ( 9 ) and the legs ( 86 a; 86 b) of the transmission receptacle ( 81 ) of the holder ( 8 ) decoupling elements ( 10 a; 10 b) are made of rubber or plastic. 23. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the legs ( 86 a; 86 b) of the gearbox receptacle ( 81 ) and the legs ( 82 a; 82 b) of the holder ( 8 ') predetermined deformation points ( 87 a; 87 b) are formed so that when a predetermined maximum limit load is exceeded, the legs ( 86 a; 86 b) pivot sideways and the threaded spindle del ( 5 ) jam. 24. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends of the threaded spindle ( 5 ) are mounted in vibration-damping bushings or the like for noise decoupling. 25. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, carried in that for a window lifter the Ge threaded spindle (5 ') is mounted in the vehicle door, that the threaded spindle (5') in the direction of movement of the window pane (12) processing has, and that the gear ( 9 ') connected to the threaded spindle ( 5 ') is connected directly or indirectly to that of the lower edge ( 12 ) of the window pane ( 12 ). 26. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, there characterized in that the spindle or screw part of an adjustment device for the Seat height, the seat angle, the seat cushion depth, the Headrest and / or the backrest. 27. A method for assembling a gear housing for a drive of adjusting devices in motor vehicles, which consists of at least two attachable hous se seu and which serves to accommodate rotating Ge gear elements of the drive, characterized in that

• a) the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) can be fastened to one another by means of plug connections,
• b) the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) and housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) are kept completely pre-assembled in a device that detects the hous se ( 7 ) on its outer contour with low holding forces ,
• c) the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) are rotated for the purpose of aligning their bearing points ( 73 a; 73 b; 74 a; 74 b) and
• d) after alignment by increasing the holding forces, the position of the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) and housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) hold each other festge and finally their position is fixed, so that the connectors as load-bearing, absorbing the transmission forces act.

28. The method for assembling a gear housing for the spindle or worm drive according to claim 27, characterized in that the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) are rotated by at least 360 °, then held in this position and fixed. 29. A method for assembling a gear housing for the spindle or worm drive according to claim 27, characterized in that the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) are driven at a speed which is above the nominal speed of the gear ( 9 ), and during the rotation of the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) the position of the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) are fixed to each other. 30. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the fixing of the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) by caulking the material in the area of the plug connections, but outside the area of the Lagerbohrun gene ( 74 a; 74 b) for the spindle nut ( 92 ). 31. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the fixing of the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) is carried out by laser welding or by potting the plug connections. 32. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the fixing of the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ) is carried out by gluing the plug connections. 33. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the holding of the outer contour of the housing plates ( 72 a; 72 b; 77 ; 78 ), the rotation of the gear elements ( 91 ; 92 ; 93 ; 94 ) and the caulking of the plug connections in a combined Assembly device is carried out. 34. Drive for adjusting devices in motor vehicles according to one of claims 1 to 26, in which the threaded spindle ( 5 ) rotatably clamped between two end holders gene ( 6 a; 6 b) and the threaded spindle is assigned a spindle nut arranged in the gearbox, thereby characterized in that the threaded spindle ( 5 ) via at least one predetermined breaking point in at least one holder ( 5 a; 6 b) is fastened and that at least one end of the threaded spindle ( 5 ) is designed as a form-locking element ( 66 a) which can be rotated with a tool can be connected to overcome the predetermined breaking point for the purpose of emergency operation of the drive. 35. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that a threaded element ( 60 ), the weakening as a local material has a groove ( 61 ) with one of the holding stanchions ( 6 a; 6 b) is welded and the threaded element ( 60 ) this weakening of material is squeezed with the threaded spindle del ( 5 ). 36. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that the threaded element ( 60 ''') on the side facing away from the bracket ( 6 a; 6 b) to limit the travel of the upper rail ( 3 ) on the lower rail ( 4 ) Has spacer ( 69 ). 37. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that for receiving the threaded spindle ( 5 ) one of the bracket gene ( 6 a; 6 b) has a passage ( 62 ) which is squeezed ver at least at one point with the threaded spindle ( 5 ) . 38. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that a threaded element ( 60 ) with one of the brackets ( 6 a; 6 b) is welded and this is a net lock nut ( 63 ) for fixing the position of the threaded spindle ( 5 ). 39. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that a nut ( 64 ), which is held in a form-locking manner via a stop ( 6 e) on one of the brackets ( 6 a; 6 b), with the threaded spindle ( 5 ) on at least a point is welded such that the welding point ( 60 a) is designed as a predetermined breaking point. 40. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that a preferably made of plastic, on the Ge threaded spindle ( 5 ) rotatably arranged anti-rotation ( 66 ) positively in a threaded spindle receiving bore ( 65 b) of a locking plate ( 65 ) is inserted, wherein the anti-rotation device ( 66 ) is destroyed during the emergency operation of the threaded spindle ( 5 ). 41. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that the locking plate ( 65 ) via a tab ( 65 a) the position of a on the threaded spindle ( 5 ) arranged, the position of the threaded spindle ( 5 ) securing nut ( 64 '). 42. Drive according to claim 34, characterized in that in a threaded spindle receiving openings ( 67 ) of both brackets ( 6 a; 6 b) a plastic fuse ( 67 a) is molded in such a way that the circular cross section of the threaded spindle receiving openings ( 67 ) obtained and the width (b) remains the plastic fuse (67 a) is greater than the diameter (d) of the threaded spindle on transfer apertures (67), wherein in the case of Notbetäti supply the plastics security member (67a) is removable and the threaded spindle (5 ) can escape into the space that becomes free.