DE19855245A1 - Redundant voltage supply for motor vehicle electrical load - Google Patents
Redundant voltage supply for motor vehicle electrical loadInfo
- Publication number
- DE19855245A1 DE19855245A1 DE19855245A DE19855245A DE19855245A1 DE 19855245 A1 DE19855245 A1 DE 19855245A1 DE 19855245 A DE19855245 A DE 19855245A DE 19855245 A DE19855245 A DE 19855245A DE 19855245 A1 DE19855245 A1 DE 19855245A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- battery
- switching means
- power supply
- consumers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/88—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
- B60T8/885—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means using electrical circuitry
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of DC sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
- B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
- B60T2270/414—Power supply failure
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- H02J2105/33—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine redundante Spannungsversorgung für elektrische Verbraucher in einem Fahrzeugbordnetz, insbesonders für elektrische Bremsen nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a redundant power supply for electrical consumers in a vehicle electrical system, especially for electric brakes of the genus Claim 1.
Die Spannungsversorgung in einem Kraftfahrzeug wird üblicherweise mit Hilfe eines Generators sichergestellt, der eine, in aufwendigeren Bordnetzen auch zwei Batterien, lädt. An diese Batterien sind die elektrischen Verbraucher des Bordnetzes angeschlossen, wobei gegebenenfalls zusätzliche Spannungswandler vorhanden sind, mit deren Hilfe eine Anpassung der Versorgungsspannung an die Erfordernisse realisiert wird.The voltage supply in a motor vehicle is usually ensured with the help of a generator, one, also two batteries in more complex electrical systems, loads. The electrical consumers are attached to these batteries connected to the electrical system, where appropriate additional voltage transformers are available, with their Help adapt the supply voltage to the Requirements is realized.
Sicherheitsrelevante elektrische Verbraucher, beispielsweise der elektronische Regelkreis eines Bremssystemes werden mit einer redundanten Spannungsversorgung versehen. Eine solche redundante Spannungsversorgung ist beispielsweise aus der EP-B1 0 363 356 bekannt. Bei dieser redundanten Spannungsversorgung liegen die sicherheitsrelevanten Verbraucher über einen Spannungswandler an der Fahrzeugbatterie, parallel zu jedem Verbraucher liegt eine eigene Stützbatterie. Zusätzlich ist eine Sicherung vorhanden, die jedoch vor dem Spannungsanschluß des Verbrauchers liegt, so daß bei ihrem Ansprechen sowohl die Spannungsversorgung aus der Bordnetzbatterie als auch die Spannungsversorgung aus der Hilfsbatterie unterbrochene wird.Safety-relevant electrical consumers, for example the electronic control loop of a Brake system are with a redundant Provide power supply. Such a redundant Power supply is for example from the EP-B1 0 363 356 known. With this redundant Power supply are the safety-relevant Consumer via a voltage converter on the Vehicle battery, one parallel to each consumer own backup battery. There is also a fuse available, however, before the voltage connection of the Consumer lies, so that when they respond both Power supply from the on-board electrical system battery as well Power supply from the auxiliary battery interrupted becomes.
Die erfindungsgemäße redundante Spannungsversorgung für elektrische Verbraucher hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß sie besonders zuverlässig ist und auch bei Auftreten eines Fehlers in einem der Versorgungszweige noch eine Spannungsversorgung für den Verbraucher aufrechterhalten werden kann. Erzielt wird dieser Vorteil, indem der bzw. die elektrischen Verbraucher über wenigstens zwei Trennmodule mit je einem Spannungsspeicher verbindbar sind und im Normalfall beide Trennmodule eine leitende Verbindung zwischen beiden Spannungsspeichern und den Verbrauchern herstellen. Zusätzlich sind die beiden Spannungsspeicher bzw. Batterien über je ein Lade- Trennmodul mit zwei voneinander getrennten Spannungszweigen verbindbar, von denen einer direkt mit dem Generator in Verbindung steht, während der zweite über einen Spannungswandler mit dem Generator verbunden ist.The redundant power supply according to the invention for electrical consumers has the advantage that it is particularly reliable and also when a Error in one of the supply branches another Maintain voltage supply for the consumer can be. This advantage is achieved by the electrical consumers over at least two Isolation modules can each be connected to a voltage storage device and normally both separation modules one conductive Connection between the two voltage memories and the Manufacture consumers. In addition, the two are Voltage storage or batteries each with a charging Isolation module with two separate voltage branches connectable, one of which is directly connected to the generator Connection is established, while the second one Voltage converter is connected to the generator.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden durch die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Maßnahmen erzielt. Vorteilhaft ist beispielsweise, daß die eingesetzten Trennmodule eine Abschaltfunktion aufweisen, die falls erforderlich, die Verbindung im Fehlerfall selbständig unterbricht. Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, daß die Trennmodule infolge ihrer Diodenfunktion einen Stromfluß nur in Richtung des Verbrauchers zulassen. In vorteilhafter Weise umfassen die Trennmodule einen Transistor der selbständig bei zu hoher Strombelastung öffnet und eine Diode, die den Stromfluß nur in eine Richtung zuläßt. Die eingesetzten Ladetrennmodule, die zwischen dem Generator und den Batterien liegen, ermöglichen ein Öffnen der Verbindungen, falls generatorseitig ein Kurzschluß auftritt. Mit Hilfe weiterer Schaltmittel lassen sich weitere geeignete Auftrennmöglichkeiten im Fehlerfall realisieren. Sowohl die Lade-Trennmodule als auch die Trennmodule können in vorteilhafter Weise in einer räumlich geschlossenen Anordnung in der Nähe des Batteriepols oder in besonders vorteilhafter Weise direkt als Batteriestecker realisiert werden. Falls ein Lade-Trennmodul oder ein Trennmodul einen Stromfluß in beiden Richtungen erlauben soll, läßt es sich auch in vorteilhafter Weise als Transmission-Gate realisieren. In Verbindung mit einem Bordnetzmanagementsystem mit einer Steuereinrichtung, die die erforderlichen Informationen erhält und Ansteuersignale abgibt, kann das Öffnen oder Schließen der einzelnen Schaltmittel durch Ansteuersignale von diesem Steuergerät ausgelöst werden.Further advantages of the invention are shown in the Measures specified in subclaims achieved. Advantageous is, for example, that the separation modules used are one Have shutdown function, if necessary, the Connection is interrupted automatically in the event of an error. Farther is advantageous that the separation modules due to their Diode function a current flow only in the direction of Allow consumer. Advantageously, the Isolation modules a transistor that automatically at too high Current load opens and a diode that only allows current to flow in one direction. The charge separation modules used, between the generator and the batteries allow the connections to be opened if a short circuit occurs on the generator side. With the help of others Switching means can be other suitable Realize disconnection options in the event of an error. Both the Charging separation modules as well as the separation modules can be in advantageously in a spatially closed Placement near the battery pole or in particular advantageously implemented directly as a battery connector become. If a charging separation module or a separation module one It should allow current to flow in both directions also advantageously as a transmission gate realize. In connection with one Vehicle electrical system management system with a control device that receives the necessary information and control signals issues, the opening or closing of each Switching means through control signals from this control unit to be triggered.
Die Erfindung wird in den Figuren dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigt Fig. 1 die wesentlichen Bestandteile des Spannungsversorgungssystems, Fig. 2 zeigt ein Beispiel für die Ausgestaltung eines Trennmoduls und Fig. 3 ein Beispiel für den Zusammenbau von Trennmodul und Lade- Trennmodul in einem gemeinsamen Stecker. In Fig. 4 ist dieser Stecker als Batteriestecker dargestellt und Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ausgestaltung des Steckers. In Fig. 6 ist eine mögliche elektrische Ausgestaltung des Steckers dargestellt und Fig. 7 zeigt die Schaltung eines bidirektionalen Transmission-Gates, das Bestandteil eines Batteriesteckers sein kann.The invention is illustrated in the figures and explained in more detail in the description below. In particular, FIG. 1 shows the essential components of the power supply system, Fig. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a separation module and Fig. 3 an example of the assembly of breaker and charge separation module in a common connector. In Fig. 4 this connector is shown as a battery connector and Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the connector. FIG. 6 shows a possible electrical configuration of the plug and FIG. 7 shows the circuit of a bidirectional transmission gate, which can be part of a battery plug.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine redundante Spannungs- bzw. Stromversorgung für elektrische Verbraucher in einem Fahrzeugbordnetz dargestellt. Dabei umfaßt die Spannungsversorgung einen Generator 10, beispielsweise einen Drehstromgenerator, der mit einem ersten Spannungszweig 11 in Verbindung steht und über einen Spannungswandler 12 auf einen zweiten Spannungszweig 13 führt. An den Spannungszweig 11 ist ein Lade-Trennmodul 14a angeschlossen, über das ein Spannungsspeicher, bzw. eine Batterie 15a ladbar ist. An den Spannungszweig 13 ist ein zweites Lade-Trennmodul 14b angeschlossen, über das der Spannungsspeicher, bzw. die Batterie 15b geladen wird. Die Ladezustandsüberwachung der Batterien 15a, 15b erfolgt über zugeordnete Ladezustandsüberwachungen 15c, 15d, die bei Unterschreitung einer Mindestladung eine Anzeige Aa bzw. Ab auslösen.In Fig. 1 an embodiment for a redundant voltage or current supply for electrical loads is displayed in a vehicle on-board network. The voltage supply comprises a generator 10 , for example a three-phase generator, which is connected to a first voltage branch 11 and leads to a second voltage branch 13 via a voltage converter 12 . To the voltage branch 11 , a charging / disconnecting module 14 a is connected, via which a voltage storage device or a battery 15 a can be charged. To the voltage branch 13, a second charge separation module 14 is connected to b, through which the memory voltage or the battery is charged b 15th The charge status monitoring of the batteries 15 a, 15 b is carried out via assigned charge status monitors 15 c, 15 d, which trigger a display Aa or Ab when the charge falls below a minimum.
Der Verbraucher 16 wird über ein Trennmodul 17a sowie gegebenenfalls einen Schalter 18a aus der Batterie 15a mit Spannung versorgt. Weiterhin wird der Verbraucher 16 über das Trennmodul 17b sowie gegebenenfalls einen Schalter 18b aus der Batterie 15b mit Spannung versorgt. Über ein Trennmodul 17c kann derselbe Verbraucher 16 zusätzlich oder weitere Verbraucher an die Batterie 15a angeschlossen werden, wobei zusätzlich weitere Schalter, beispielsweise der Schalter 18c vorhanden sein können.The consumer 16 is supplied with voltage from the battery 15 a via a disconnection module 17 a and optionally a switch 18 a. Furthermore, the consumer 16 is supplied with voltage from the battery 15 b via the isolating module 17 b and, if appropriate, a switch 18 b. The same consumer 16 can additionally or further consumers be connected to the battery 15 a via a disconnecting module 17 c, additional switches, for example the switch 18 c, being additionally available.
Mit der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Spannungsversorgung wird der Verbraucher 16 gleichzeitig mit einem Energiespeicher (Batterie) 15a und einem Energiespeicher (Batterie) 15b verbunden. Die Trennmodule 17a und 17b verhindern im Fall eines Fehlers einen Ausfall des Gesamtsystems bzw. eine Rückwirkung auf den jeweils anderen funktionsfähigen Energiespeicher. Die Trennmodule 17a, 17b sowie gegebenenfalls 17c müssen dazu eine Diodenfunktion aufweisen, die den Stromfluß nur in Richtung zum Verbraucher hin, zuläßt. Weiterhin sollten die Trennmodule 17a, 17b eine Abschaltfunktion aufweisen, die im Fall zu hoher Ströme auslöst. Die Stromstärke, bei der die Auslösung erfolgen soll, kann an die zu erwartenden Gegebenheiten angepaßt werden.With the voltage supply shown in FIG. 1, the consumer 16 is simultaneously connected to an energy store (battery) 15 a and an energy store (battery) 15 b. In the event of a fault, the separation modules 17 a and 17 b prevent a failure of the overall system or a reaction to the other functional energy store. The separation modules 17 a, 17 b and optionally 17 c must have a diode function that only allows the current to flow towards the consumer. Furthermore, the separation modules 17 a, 17 b should have a switch-off function which triggers in the event of currents which are too high. The current at which the tripping is to take place can be adapted to the conditions to be expected.
In der Fig. 2a ist die Schaltungsanordnung eines Trennmoduls 17a, 17b dargestellt. Sie umfaßt einen Transistor 19, der selbständig bei zu hoher Strombelastung öffnet, der jedoch auch extern angesteuert werden kann, beispielsweise über ein logisches Element 20. Weiterhin ist eine Diode 21 vorhanden, die den Stromfluß nur in Richtung Verbraucher zuläßt. Die Diode 21 ist dem Transistor 19 nachgeschaltet, damit im Fall eines Kurzschlusses im Bereich zwischen der Diode 21 und dem Transistor 19 der Transistor auslösen, das heißt öffnen kann und somit den Spannungsspeicher 15a oder 15b vor der Zerstörung bewahrt. Fig. 2b zeigt eine Ausgestaltung mit einer zusätzlichen Stromerfassung.In Fig. 2a, the circuit arrangement of a separation module 17 a, 17 b shown. It comprises a transistor 19 which opens automatically when the current load is too high, but which can also be controlled externally, for example via a logic element 20. Furthermore, a diode 21 is present which only allows the current to flow towards the consumer. The diode 21 is connected downstream of the transistor 19, so that trigger in the case of a short circuit in the region between the diode 21 and the transistor 19, the transistor capable of opening and is thus the voltage storage 15 a or 15 b from destruction preserved. FIG. 2b shows an embodiment with an additional current detection.
Die Trennmodule 17a und 17b, die die Schaltung nach Fig. 2 enthalten, werden vorteilhafterweise räumlich voneinander getrennt angeordnet. Weiterhin können zusätzliche Schalter 18a und 18b eingesetzt werden, die bei einem Kurzschluß zwischen dem Lade-Trennmodul und dem Trennmodul auslösen und damit den betreffenden Ladungsspeicher absichern. Durch die Lade-Trennmodule 14a und 14b werden die Spannungszweige 11 und 13 geschützt, falls in den den Lade-Trennmodulen nachgeschalteten Leitungen ein Fehler auftritt. Dies ist insbesonders dann wichtig, wenn es sich bei den beiden Ladungsspeichern 15a und 15b nicht um die eigentlich Bordnetzbatterie handelt, sondern diese zusätzlich an einem der Spannungszweige 11 oder 13 angeschlossen ist.The separation modules 17 a and 17 b, which contain the circuit according to FIG. 2, are advantageously arranged spatially separated from one another. Furthermore, additional switches 18 a and 18 b can be used, which trigger in the event of a short circuit between the charging and disconnecting module and the disconnecting module and thus protect the charge store in question. The charging branches 14 a and 14 b protect the voltage branches 11 and 13 if an error occurs in the lines downstream of the charging partition modules. This is particularly important if the two charge storage devices 15 a and 15 b are not actually the on-board electrical system battery, but are additionally connected to one of the voltage branches 11 or 13 .
In einer speziellen Ausführungsform sind die Lade- Trennmodule 14a, 14b bzw. das jeweils zugehörige Trennmodul 17a, 17b innerhalb eines gemeinsamen Gehäuses angeordnet, beispielsweise in Form eines geschlossenen Batteriesteckers, der eine Steckbuchse aufweist und direkt auf eine Batterieklemme aufgesteckt wird. Fig. 3 bzw. Fig. 4 zeigt entsprechende Ausgestaltungen, bei denen das Gehäuse 22 direkt auf der Batterie 15a sitzt. In diesem Fall können die zusätzlichen Schalter 18a bzw. 18b selbstverständlich entfallen.In a special embodiment, the charging and disconnecting modules 14 a, 14 b and the respectively associated disconnecting module 17 a, 17 b are arranged within a common housing, for example in the form of a closed battery connector which has a socket and is plugged directly onto a battery terminal. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows corresponding configurations in which the housing 22 sits directly on the battery 15 a. In this case, the additional switches 18 a and 18 b can of course be omitted.
Ein Batteriestecker mit erweiterter Funktion, der aber vom Prinzip der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Anordnung entspricht, ist in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Dieser Batteriestecker 22a ist von einem Gehäuse 22 umgeben. Eine auf den Batterieanschluß passende Vertiefung 23 (Steckbuchse) ermöglicht eine sichere Befestigung auf der Batterie.A battery connector with an extended function, but which corresponds in principle to the arrangement shown in FIG. 3, is shown in FIG. 5. This battery connector 22 a is surrounded by a housing 22 . A recess 23 (socket) which fits onto the battery connection enables secure attachment to the battery.
Der Batteriestecker 22a umfaßt im einzelnen eine elektrische Entkopplung 24 mit Anschlüssen 25 und 26, die zum Bordnetz bzw. zu den Verbrauchern führen. Durch diese elektrische Entkopplung wird sichergestellt, daß ein Fehler im Bordnetz sich nicht auf den Batterie-Verbraucher-Kreis auswirkt und umgekehrt. Die elektrische Entkopplung kann beispielsweise als DC/DC-Wandler oder in Form eines Transmission-Gates, wie es in Fig. 7 dargestellt ist, realisiert werden. Weiterhin sind Mittel zur Strommessung 27, beispielsweise als Shunt realisiert oder Mittel zur Spannungsmessung 28 möglich. Die Ansteuerung kann beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines eigenen intelligenten Chips 29 erfolgen, der die Meßsignale verarbeitet und im Fehlerfall die Entkopplung öffnet, also beispielsweise das Transmission-Gate schaltet. Über eine Schnittstelle nach außen läßt sich prinzipiell auch eine Ansteuerung über eine externe elektronische Recheneinheit, z. B. das Steuergerät des Fahrzeuges ermöglichen.The battery connector 22 a includes an electrical decoupling 24 with connections 25 and 26 , which lead to the vehicle electrical system or to the consumers. This electrical decoupling ensures that a fault in the vehicle electrical system does not affect the battery-consumer circuit and vice versa. The electrical decoupling can be implemented, for example, as a DC / DC converter or in the form of a transmission gate, as shown in FIG. 7. Furthermore, means for current measurement 27 , for example as a shunt, or means for voltage measurement 28 are possible. The control can take place, for example, with the aid of a separate intelligent chip 29 , which processes the measurement signals and opens the decoupling in the event of an error, that is to say, for example, switches the transmission gate. In principle, an interface to the outside can also be controlled by an external electronic computing unit, e.g. B. enable the control unit of the vehicle.
Eine mögliche schaltungstechnische Ausgestaltung ist in Fig. 6 dargestellt. Dabei wird über die Verbindung 25 der DC/DC-Wandler 30 mit dem Bordnetz oder dem Generator verbunden. An den DC/DC-Wandler 30 sind Verbraucher 31 angeschlossen. Diese Verbraucher 31 stehen außerdem, mit der Batterie 32 in Verbindung, wobei in diese Verbindung eine Vorrichtung zur Strommessung 27 integriert ist. Die Vorrichtung zur Spannungsmessung 28 liegt parallel zur Batterie 32. Ein solcher Batteriestecker läßt sich im Prinzip in Verbindung mit jeder Fahrzeugbatterie einsetzen.A possible circuit design is shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the DC / DC converter 30 is connected to the vehicle electrical system or the generator via the connection 25 . Consumers 31 are connected to the DC / DC converter 30 . These consumers 31 are also connected to the battery 32 , a device for current measurement 27 being integrated in this connection. The device for voltage measurement 28 is parallel to the battery 32. Such a battery connector can in principle be used in conjunction with any vehicle battery.
In Fig. 7 ist schließlich ein Beispiel für eine elektrische Entkopplung in Form eines Transmission-Gates dargestellt. Dieses Transmission-Gate umfaßt zwei n-Kanal- Feldeffekttransistoren 33, 34, die jeweils am Drain- Anschluß D miteinander verbunden sind. Die Dioden 35 und 36 liegen jeweils zwischen Source S und Drain D, es wäre auch möglich, die Schaltung so auszugestalten, daß die Anoden der Dioden 35 und 36 mit einem gemeinsamen Source-Anschluß verbunden wären. Geschaltet wird durch Ansteuerung der Gate-Elektroden G.Finally, FIG. 7 shows an example of electrical decoupling in the form of a transmission gate. This transmission gate comprises two n-channel field effect transistors 33 , 34 , which are each connected to one another at the drain terminal D. The diodes 35 and 36 each lie between the source S and drain D, it would also be possible to design the circuit so that the anodes of the diodes 35 and 36 would be connected to a common source connection. It is switched by driving the gate electrodes G.
Mit einem solchen verschleißfreien Schalter lassen sich bei einer Spannungsversorgungseinrichtung nach Fig. 1 im Fehlerfall schnelle Umschaltungen realisieren. Es läßt sich also bei einem auftretenden Kurzschluß der entsprechende Spannungszweig schnell vom Verbraucher trennen. Über eine intelligente Überwachung mittels eines eigenen Mikroprozessors oder mittels eines anschließbaren Mikroprozessors können Zu- oder Abschaltungen je nach Betriebszustand und Bedarf erfolgen, durch die Erfassung und Auswertung von Strom und Spannung kann auch eine Ladezustandsüberwachung realisiert werden. Falls die Ladezustandsüberwachung erkennen läßt, daß eine der beiden dem Verbraucher 16 zugeordneten Batterien einen nicht akzeptablen Ladezustand aufweist, kann eine Anzeigefunktion a ausgelöst werden. Die Spannungsversorgung wird dann von der anderen Batterie gesichert.With such a wear-free switch, rapid switchovers can be implemented in the event of a fault in a voltage supply device according to FIG. 1. In the event of a short circuit, the corresponding voltage branch can thus be quickly disconnected from the consumer. Intelligent monitoring by means of its own microprocessor or by means of a connectable microprocessor can be used to switch on or off depending on the operating state and requirements, and by monitoring and evaluating the current and voltage, it is also possible to monitor the state of charge. If the state of charge monitoring shows that one of the two batteries assigned to the consumer 16 has an unacceptable state of charge, a display function a can be triggered. The voltage supply is then secured by the other battery.
Als Erweiterung der beschriebenen Funktion der Ladetrennmodule und Trennmodule in dem Batteriestecker können noch weitere Funktionen definiert werden. Diese Funktionen sind:As an extension of the described function of Charging disconnect modules and disconnect modules in the battery connector other functions can be defined. This Functions are:
Funktionen:
Functions:
- - Strommessung- current measurement
- - Spannungsmessung- voltage measurement
- - Temperaturmessung- temperature measurement
- - CAN-Schnittstelle- CAN interface
-
- Schaltfunktion:
Versorgung sicherheitskritischer Verbraucher (sicherer Knoten)
Entkopplung redundanter Versorgungszweige
Batterie-Sicherung
zentraler Verpolschutz.- switching function:
Supply of safety-critical consumers (safe node)
Decoupling of redundant supply branches
Battery fuse
central reverse polarity protection.
In Fig. 8 ist die Schaltungsanordnung der intelligenten Batterieklemme dargestellt. Die Schalter (Transmission Gates) zur Batterie (LTM Ladetrennmodul) und zu den Einzelverbrauchern (TM Trennmodul) mit der zugehörigen Ansteuerlogik bzw. Auswertung sind identisch mit denen in Fig. 1, sie weisen auch die gleichen Bezugszeichen auf.In FIG. 8, the circuitry of the intelligent battery terminal is shown. The switches (transmission gates) to the battery (LTM charge separation module) and to the individual consumers (TM separation module) with the associated control logic or evaluation are identical to those in FIG. 1, they also have the same reference numerals.
Neben der Funktion der Strom- und Spannungsmessung kann auch die Batterietemperaturmessung in die Batterieklemme integriert werden. Die Übertragung der Meßdaten, die Einschaltsignale der einzelnen Versorgungszweige, die Schaltzustandsignale bzw. Diagnoseregister der einzelnen Transmission Gates kann vorzugsweise über den CAN-Bus an ein übergeordnetes Steuergerät übermittelt werden.In addition to the function of measuring current and voltage also the battery temperature measurement in the battery terminal to get integrated. The transmission of the measurement data Switch-on signals of the individual supply branches, the Switching status signals or diagnostic registers of the individual Transmission gates can preferably be connected via the CAN bus a higher-level control unit can be transmitted.
Weitere Schaltfunktionen, wie die Entkopplung redundanter Versorgungszweige, zentraler Verpolschutz und Batteriesicherung (Abtrennung im Kurzschluß bzw. Crash- Fall/Brandgefahr) können zusätzlich realisiert bzw. abgedeckt werden. Die integrierte Ansteuer- und Auswertelogik (Stromüberwachung, Kurzschluß, Spannungspegel und Spannungsrichtung) steuert die einzelnen Schalter an.Other switching functions, such as redundant decoupling Supply branches, central reverse polarity protection and Battery fuse (disconnection in the short circuit or crash Case / risk of fire) can also be realized or be covered. The integrated control and Evaluation logic (current monitoring, short circuit, voltage level and voltage direction) controls the individual switches.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19855245A DE19855245B4 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 1998-11-30 | Redundant power supply for electrical consumers |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19753367 | 1997-12-02 | ||
| DE19753367.1 | 1997-12-02 | ||
| DE19855245A DE19855245B4 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 1998-11-30 | Redundant power supply for electrical consumers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19855245A1 true DE19855245A1 (en) | 1999-06-10 |
| DE19855245B4 DE19855245B4 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
Family
ID=7850461
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19855245A Expired - Fee Related DE19855245B4 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 1998-11-30 | Redundant power supply for electrical consumers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19855245B4 (en) |
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| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8125 | Change of the main classification |
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| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |