DE19845992A1 - Side airbag system with at least one inflatable airbag and support belt stretchable in bag region - Google Patents

Abstract

The support belt (13) is so coupled with the airbag (3), that the self stretching support belt (13) presses the airbag (3) from a folded position (A) in to its protective position (B, fig.2). The airbag (3) is designed in the manner of a cushion, in order to extend in its protective position (B) between a backrest element (7) and a seat element (6) for a seat (1).

Description

The invention relates to a side airbag device according to the Preamble of claim 1. The Erfin also deals with an actuation procedure for such a side air Bag device according to the preamble of claim 23. Furthermore belongs to a motor vehicle seat with such a side airbag Device according to the preamble of claim 27 for the invention dung.

Airbag devices are now part of the series equipment of many motor vehicles and offer their occupants one situation-related protection. For this, airbag devices not only to protect the occupants in the event of a driveway fall forward accelerated head used, but also Airbag devices are provided to the side of the occupants in the event of a side impact, the head and thorax of the occupants are closed protect.

In DE 44 36 139 C1 is a passenger seat with side on impact protection described. Such a passenger seat, in particular the one for motor vehicles has one on at least one of them Sides integrated laterally and in the event of tripping from the Seat contour emerging inflatable and thereby the Zwi space between the seat and the backrest on the side bridging side airbag. The latter is a by itself the increase in diameter associated with inflation in its longitudinal extension shortening hose formed in its installed position with one end in the front area the seat and with its other end in the upper area  the backrest is struck. It is not safe makes sure that the side airbag when inflating properly can unfold and not between an occupant and the Body or seat is jammed.

DE 195 42 436 A1 describes an airbag device for a Motor vehicle known, with at least one fillable with gas Airbag, at least one gas reservoir for filling the airbag and a holding device with which the airbag along a frame part of the vehicle body in the passenger compartment hold is. A support band is provided on the airbag forms a side support for the filled airbag. The Support band, which is folded together with the airbag, is after the deployment of the airbag simultaneously with its inflation taut and extends to the outside of the filled airbags in particular diagonally to or to a vehicle window. Although with the support band for the airbag at his Movement out of the wrapping reaches an additional guide, however, it cannot be excluded that the Airbag between the support band, body parts and body part ent caught or trapped between them can.

The two known airbag devices described above cannot ensure the protective effect of the airbag because the airbag be hindered during inflation and so may not be in its intended shape and location can, what the security effect of such Seitenair bags, such as a thorax or curtain airbag.

An object of the invention is to provide a side airbag device create a higher level of safety for an occupant tet. This goal is met by a side airbag device the claim 1 achieved.

Another object of the invention is an actuation method to specify for a side airbag device by the latter  provides greater safety for an occupant. For To achieve this goal, the invention sees an actuation Method for a side airbag device according to the claim 23 before.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a motor vehicle seat to create with a side airbag device through which the Safety for an occupant is increased. Is achieved this goal according to the invention with a motor vehicle seat claim 27.

A side airbag device according to the invention thus contains at least one inflatable airbag, one in the area of the blown airbags tensionable support band and actuation directions for inflating the airbag and tensioning the support bandes in their protective layers. The support band is like this with the Air bag coupled that the taut support band from the airbag a folded position pushes into its protective position.

By tensioning the support band, the airbag becomes additional to his own aspirations due to inflation reliably pushed into its protective position. Through the support band the airbag can pass through even the smallest gaps reach his protective position without being in contact of an occupant with a vehicle part sandwiched between them becomes.

The fact that the support band according to the invention along the pillow or tubular airbags runs when inflated is, the latter is advantageously reinforced, what about this leads to the fact that it can absorb and absorb greater forces. This also has the advantage that the combination of airbag and support band on the one hand a firm hold for occupants provides this before an impact on the vehicle body, and on the other hand an effective obstacle for objects penetrating into the interior of the vehicle forms.  

The invention thus ensures on the one hand that the airbag can reliably assume its protective position in which its inflated gas bag is intended to be kinetic energy absorbed by occupants, and secondly an effective bar created a barrier that has an additional protective function, by not letting the occupant slide "against" the accident. The tensioning of the support band gives further advantage way a correct angular momentum or Thrusts inside the vehicle, away from the accident. It is also advantageous that another by the support band Reinforcement of the body against the effects of accidents is sufficient, the possible deformation of even the tensioned support band is energy consuming.

The airbag is preferably designed to be cushion-like to itself in its protective position between a backrest element and a To extend the seat element of a seat. The airbag can too be designed like a tube, in which case the support band is longitudinal of the tubular airbag arranged and in the course of it Length is coupled with it so that the exciting support tied the airbag into its protective layer.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention the airbag has such a triangle, at least essentially kige form that in the protective layer of the airbag a first page the shape along a backrest element and a second side of the Form fits along a seat element of a seat and the third Side between the backrest element and the seat element of the Seat runs.

In a side airbag device, preferably follow the invention of the tensioned support band and the inflated Airbag or one side thereof at least approximately parallel to each other.  

According to another preferred development of the invention According side airbag device, the support band has a Actuators facing end area in which it is with the actuators is coupled and relative to appropriate, local with respect to the actuators Most end portion of the airbag is slidable, and one Actuator facing end area in which it stationary relative to the corresponding end region of the airbag is. In other words, the support band is at one end fixed and on the other, assigned to the actuators neten end coupled to the actuators. this has the advantage that only one end of the support band is pulled must be to tighten it, and thus only a mini Painter effort required for the controls is. The actuation can be used to tighten the support band directions analogous to belt tensioners and airbag devices builds, so that the previous technology in this regard particular from the earlier applications of the present application belong to the disclosure content of these documents. Ins these are particularly the older German patent applications DE 196 41 224.2, DE 197 03 945.6, DE 197 07 998.9, DE 197 09 257.8, DE 197 12 782.7, DE 197 15 463.8, DE 197 26 878.1, DE 197 33 896.8 and DE 197 38 727.6.

That the support band inside the airbag or in one of its A guide assigned to the outer skin is another advantageous embodiment of the side airbag device according to of the invention. This ensures that an occupant cannot hit the support band itself, but the latter always from the filled and therefore damping airbag of the Air bags is surrounded. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that that the support band at least partially with the outer skin of the airbag is connected or integrally formed therewith. This is particularly when the support band on the a side of the airbag facing away from the occupant is arranged, the entire inflated gas bag cushioning between one Occupants and the support band.  

If the actuators are designed to Tension the support band at least partially before opening airbag inflation is started, as per another Variant of the invention can be provided, the advantage achieved that the airbag is not yet inflated and thus is folded relatively thin, as long as it differs from that exciting support band is moved into its protective position. In the airbag can easily withstand this condition small gaps are drawn. If the airbag is during inflated by this process, it presses the occupant as it were back to his seat as it can be achieved can that the actuators for inflating the Air bags during tensioning of the support band and in particular are designed to start at the same time.

According to the invention it is particularly provided that a Ver tensioning piston for actuating the tensionable support band in z. B. a cartridge with two different pressure levels is. Generally speaking, this configuration of the Invention so that the actuation or just tensioning the tensionable support band with a first pressure level and inflating the airbag with a second pressure veau takes place. For example, using a high pressure level about 300 bar in a high pressure chamber for tensioning the Support band and a low pressure level of about 100 bar in a low pressure chamber used to inflate the airbag be both made with a single electric ignition can be solved. The two different pressure levels accordingly pressure chambers are provided, which by little least one valve and preferably different valves against each other are lockable. The function according to the invention is here for example as follows: B. a Tho raxbags are required for the effective movement of the piston e.g. B. about 300 bar z. B. from a pyrotechnic card ink. For inflating the bag, however, it is allowed  for example, not more than 100 bar, so that in the bag no more than 1 bar occurs.

Within the scope of the invention, the foregoing design z. B. by a conventional especially electrical Cartridge can be reached, the ignition z. B. more advantageous Way through corresponding holes from the high pressure chamber to Ignited low pressure chamber and there a z. B. pyrotechni gas generator ignites. With such an execution such ignition holes must then be closed immediately, so that the filling gas generated by the gas generator for the Airbag is only supplied to the latter and not for the latter Filling is lost by guiding it into the cylinder escapes from the piston for tensioning the support or tension rope.

The actuating devices preferably contain one side Airbag device according to the invention a tensioning device for the support band and a filling device for the airbag, so two separate energy stores, the tensioning device and the filling device are preferably coupled and particularly prefer to work together. This is preferably done in the context of Invention further developed in that the filling device contains a gas generator and / or a gas storage. Dude natively or additionally, the tensioning device can apply a force memory and drive devices that can be acted upon for Tensioning the support belt and the drive devices in particular especially a preferably detachable and particularly preferred time to trigger the actuators automatic release backstop included with a delay. The latter initially prevents one from reaching one another The tension of the support band is loosened by a high counterforce, and then that the airbag with support band does not put an occupant in locked up in an accident.

By one of the preferred combinations, according to which the Gas generator and / or the gas storage device of the filling device at least part of the energy store of the tensioning device  is, or the energy storage device of the tensioning device at least one Part of the gas generator and / or the gas reservoir of the Fülllein direction is a particularly rational and simple Structure of the actuation devices reached.

It may also be preferred that the airbag gas tightly connected to the gas generator and / or the gas storage and the support belt to the drive devices permanently coupled or in particular automatically by triggering them can be coupled. In particular, the latter enables z. B. a height, inclination and / or in the vehicle's longitudinal direction adjustable seat attaching the controls outside the adjustable seat parts e.g. B. below the Seat. In a further development thereof according to the invention, the Drive devices act on the energy accumulator beatable piston to which the support band is coupled or in particular by triggering the drive device conditions can be automatically connected.

Further design options for a side airbag device tion according to the invention may include that a pyrotech African activation and in particular ignition of Gas generator / gas storage device of the filling device and / or power memory of the tensioning device is provided, and / or little at least one of these components is designed in several stages.

It is further preferred if the gas generator and / or the Gas storage of the filling device and / or the energy storage Clamping device or possibly at least a first stage of the Gas generator and / or the gas storage device of the filling device and / or the energy store of the tensioning device or possibly their pyrotechnic activation or ignition when invented side airbag device according to the invention electrically detachable and in particular are ignitable. This can continue be detected that at least a second stage of the gas genera tors and / or the gas reservoir of the filling device and / or the energy storage device of the tensioning device or, if applicable, its  Pyrotechnic activation or ignition can be released mechanically and in particular are ignitable.

To increase reliability at least mechanically Parts of the electrical and / or mechanical release and In particular, the ignition can double these assemblies provided and simultaneously, but independently of each other be acted upon.

When the support strap is on its the actuators associated end is formed by a material against above the operating temperatures in the actuating devices is resistant, can be particularly effective actuators with advantage supply facilities are used, but in which temperatu Ren occur that the rest of the support band can not resist would.

The support band preferably has at least in the region of the blown airbags, d. H. if he is in his protective position finds a width much larger than its thickness is, and that the width of the support band in particular in the loading ranges from about 10% to about 90%, preferably from about 20% to about 60%, and more preferably from about 25% to about 40% the diameter of the airbag.

If, as in another preferred development of the Invention with a side airbag device with two airbags associated support bands for use on both sides of an Insas sen are coupled and in particular via common actuations equipment can be actuated, in the event of an accident Passengers are protected on both sides and also securely in their seat held. The common actuators of both Airbags with associated support straps allows a cost Favorable as well as space and weight saving design.

In the foregoing, the combination of side airbag device according to the invention with a motor vehicle  stowed seat, but this is not absolutely necessary. Of the Airbag including the support band of the side airbag device can be in the Scope of the invention also in body parts of the vehicle, such as the A-pillar area and subsequent regarding nor Painterly direction of travel, rear-facing roof strut, B-pillar and, if necessary, a subsequent roof strut, B-pillar and preceding roof strut, if necessary C-pillar and preceding roof strut pointing forward Fitting bracket and side body parts etc., suitable net housed and inflated and tensioned. If thereby, as with the accommodation in a motor vehicle seat, which will be discussed in more detail later, the airbag and the support band before it is triggered in an angled Un terbringungsraum arranged and designed so that they in their protective layer that of the angled accommodation space formed angle can span a protective layer of airbag and support band in advance depending on the vehicle type, shape and size be optimally determined.

That also created by the present invention Actuation method relates to a side airbag device at least one inflatable airbag, one in the area of the inflated airbags tensionable support band and actuation directions for inflating the airbag and tensioning the support ban in their final protection positions. This is procedural while achieving the goal specified above and with the advantages given in terms of the device variants and Advantages provided that the deployment of the airbag from a folded state into an at least essentially unfolded state by tensioning the support band least is supported. When unfolding it can at least at least partially a stretching process.

Analogously to the device variants, the inventions can continue Actuation methods according to the invention provided realized which is first started with the stretching of the support band, before the airbag inflates. As also advantages  an alternative to this can be the stretching of the support bandes and inflating the airbag after deployment of the Side airbag device at least substantially simultaneously be started.

A further development of the Actuation method according to the invention before that by the Triggering the side airbag device a filling gas for the Airbag is generated or released and drive devices to which the support band is connected.

Within the scope of the invention, a motor vehicle seat is also used created a seat element and a backrest element as well includes a side airbag device having at least one inflatable in particular by means of actuators has a pillow-like or tubular airbag that is in its folded state in an angled Accommodation space is arranged, which is on one side of the motor vehicle seat via the seat element and the Backrest element extends, and in the inflated state in a protective layer partially obliquely between the seat element and the backrest element runs. It is provided that lengthways the airbag, a support band is arranged in the area of inflated airbags are stretchable and so along its length is coupled with it that the exciting support band the Airbag in its protective position urges the support band together with the folded airbag in the angled Accommodation space is arranged, and that the Actuators when the airbag deploys to Applying the support band are designed to put it in the Tension protective layer.

Here, in a motor vehicle seat according to the invention Airbag and the support band before their deployment behind a ver clothing or tear seams are in the accommodation space.  

A preferred development for the motor vehicle seat be is according to the invention that the actuator conditions below the seat element in the direction of travel or in particular special transversely arranged and in particular stiffening with the seat structure and / or the vehicle structure are connected. In particular, the arrangement of the actuators below half of the seat element transverse to the direction of travel is a special ders preferred variant, the own inventive Be interpretation if necessary with a seat or a frame structure of the Motor vehicle with actuators of a Seitenair bag device or use of a crossbar one Frame structure of the motor vehicle to accommodate the actuator attaching devices to a side airbag device is. This construction is especially in the area of the seat reinforcement against a side impact achieved what through the additional application of this technology usual existing structure increases or increases security structural savings with the usual existing structure used while maintaining the security standard can be.

On the further possible configuration of the invention Motor vehicle seat such that one on each side of the seat Airbag are provided with its associated support band, and that preferred both airbags and support bands from common Actuators are acted upon, was considered already mentioned the advantages above.

Height, inclination and / or length adjustment options a seat can be placed outside the adjustable seat comp Actuators arranged without comfort and Functional losses can be combined when the support band and / or the airbag via compensation devices to the bet coupling devices or when the pages are triggered Airbag device can be coupled, which is already in the Connection with the side airbag device according to the invention was received.  

Further goals, features and their advantages result for the specialist without further ado from the available documents, including combinations with features from the above indicated earlier patent applications of the present application ders. In particular, there are advantageous and preferred Developments of the invention and its descriptions above NEN design options from the respective dependent Claims and their combinations.

The invention is described below with reference to the drawing tion described in more detail using specific exemplary embodiments. In the drawings are:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a vehicle seat with a side airbag device, wherein the folded airbag and the supporting belt are located in an accommodation space, whose cover is removed,

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of the automotive seat having a side air bag device of Fig. 1, wherein emerged after the triggering of the aufgebla sene airbag and the tensioned support belt from the accommodation space and are in their protective layers,

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of an essential part of an embodiment of actuating devices of the side airbag device, and

FIG. 4A, 4B and 4C is a schematic representation of individual successive states when sen Auslö the side airbag apparatus.

In the drawing, the same or through all the figures similar or identical or similarly acting parts or combinations tions with the same reference numerals throughout. There by opening up these parts or combinations as well the functions of the expert even in such representations without further ado, for not all such parts or combinations tions and their functions are described in detail. In different embodiments are also the same or parts or combinations with a similar effect che reference numerals used without different Functions of these parts or combinations are meant as the specialist easily recognizes. Furthermore, the expert can individual illustrations and representations of the drawing and ins especially also by comparing different ner figures take further details without them are separately identified and / or described.

For the following description of the drawing will be further general parts and various details of airbags, Based on tensioning devices and motor vehicle seats, as in the German specified in the introductory part Patent applications are shown and described, so that fully on the disclosure content of this sub locations belong.

In Figs. 1 and 2, each in a side view of a motor vehicle seat 1 shown, which is provided with a side air bag device, generally designated 2. The side airbag device 2 contains an airbag 3 , which in FIG. 1 is in its folded position A within an accommodation space 4 in a side region 5 of the motor vehicle seat 1 and is shown in FIG. 2 in its protective position B, in which its pillow-like shape and triangular shape 3 'is clearly visible. The vehicle seat 1 comprises generally a seat member 6 and a backrest element 7, wherein the sides of the triangular form of 3 'of the cushion-like airbag 3 follow in its protective position B extend follows: The side 3 a extends along the Lehnenele member 7, page 3 b extends along of the seat element 6 and the side 3c runs obliquely downward from the backrest element 7 to the seat element 6 .

The accommodation space 4 is arranged such that it runs both in the seat element 6 and in the backrest element 7 and has an angled shape in accordance with the angle enclosed between the latter (see FIG. 1). Normally, ie when the side airbag device 2 is not triggered, the accommodation space 4 which is open on the side 5 of the motor vehicle seat 1 is covered with a covering (not shown). Instead of the panel can also be provided that the Un accommodation space 4 device is not triggered side airbag device 2 under the already existing seat cover 8 of the motor vehicle seat 1 and the latter corresponding to the opening 9 of the accommodation space 4 on the side of the motor vehicle seat 1 z. B. has tear seams or predetermined tear lines.

Such a motor vehicle seat 1 is used in a vehicle which has, for example, crash sensors, by means of which an impact of the vehicle is detected, which can trigger the side airbag device 2, if appropriate, via appropriate controls. The airbag 3 , which is still folded together within the accommodation space 4, is then supplied with gas from a filling device 10 (see, for example, FIG. 3 and description below) until it is inflated and its protective layer B ( FIG . 2) assumes. In this protective position B, the airbag 3 is intended to protect an occupant (not shown) from too hard lateral contact, be it with the body deformed inwardly by a side impact or with a larger object penetrating laterally into the vehicle.

The side airbag device 2 can have a seat occupancy detection that determines the airbag deployment, which is not described in detail here since it does not form part of the essence of the present invention. It can also be provided that the airbag 3 a predetermined time after the start of inflation, the gas contained again and relaxes to unhindered access to the appropriate occupants from the side of the vehicle z. B. for rescue measures or a simple leaving the vehicle for the occupant or its removal after an accident. Here too, suitable controls do not relate to the essence of the present invention and are therefore not dealt with further here.

The version shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a so-called thorax airbag, the size, shape and position of which is designed to protect the thorax of an occupant from a hard impact. According to this desired effect, the airbag 3 extends in its protective position B ( FIG. 2) approximately from the shoulder or chest area to the thigh or knee area of an occupant sitting on the motor vehicle seat 1 , depending on its body size. For this purpose, the air bag 3 on the one hand on the backrest element 7, for example, by means of a screw 11 or another backrest attachment, and on the other hand has a further connection 12 with the seat element 6 , which can be fixed or displaceable, as will be explained in more detail later.

It should be noted that the position of the fastening of the airbag 3 on the backrest element 7, in particular accordingly the height of an occupant, may also be adjustable, such as, for. B. analogous to the height adjustment of a seat belt or even coupled with it. Furthermore, the airbag can also, for. B. between a headrest (not shown) and the backrest element 7 take a protective layer (not shown) to protect the head of an occupant accordingly. Furthermore, 1 airbags for protecting the thorax and / or head of an occupant can also be provided on both sides of the motor vehicle seat without restrictions. The invention, insofar as it relates to the airbag device 2 , is furthermore not restricted to the accommodation of the airbag (s) in the motor vehicle seat 1 . In principle, a side airbag of a side airbag device 2 according to the invention can also be accommodated on the body side, such as for front-seat occupants in the area of an A-pillar and a roof section adjoining it in relation to the normal direction of travel to the rear or between this roof section and the B lying behind it in the direction of travel -Pillar.

It is essential for the inventive side air bag device 2 in that it includes a longitudinally of the air bag 3 extending support strip 13 which is tensioned by the triggering of the side airbag device 2 and is coupled to the air bag 3 so that the up exciting supporting belt 13 the air bag 3 in its protective position B pulls or generally pushes. When in Figs. 1 and 2 showed embodiments ge the side airbag device 2 passes the supporting belt 13, which can be distinguished be due to its function as a clamping band, over the entire length of the air bag 3 within the same. The tensioning strap 13 is fixed to the backrest element 7 together with the airbag 3 , as stated above. When the airbag 3 is connected 12 to the seat element 6 , the support band 13 is led out of the airbag 3 to a tensioning device 14 (see, for example, FIG. 3 and a description of this further below). The tensioning device 14 of the support band 13 and the filling device 10 of the (see, for example, FIG. 3) airbag 3 are components of actuating devices 15 (see, for example, FIG. 3).

At its end 12 16 facing the connection 12 of the airbag 3 with the seat element 6 , the support band 13 consists of a steel cable 17 , since the actuating devices 15 contain pyrotechnic energy accumulator 18 (see FIG. 3 and description of this further below), the triggering of which is correspondingly high Temperatures leads, which the support band 13 must withstand. It is therefore generally only a question of the fact that the support band 13 , insofar as it is within the sphere of influence of the actuating devices 15 (see, for example, FIG. 3), is constructed in terms of material in accordance with the physical conditions which result from the triggering of the energy accumulator 18 . For example, all sufficiently tensile materials are suitable that are resistant to high gas temperatures that can occur in the actuating devices 15 . At least in the area of the support band 13 , in which the latter can come into contact with the occupant, a rope-like configuration of the support band 13 would represent an injury potential, so that the support band 13 in the embodiment of FIGS . 1 and 2, insofar as it is within the airbag 3 lies, consists of a fabric tape 19 . The width of the fabric band 19 is preferably in the range from approximately 10% to approximately 90%, in particular from approximately 20% to approximately 60% and particularly preferably from approximately 25% to approximately 40%, ie approximately one third to one quarter. the diameter of the airbag 3 .

The actuating devices 15 (see, for example, FIG. 3 and description of this further below) are accommodated in a tube or cylinder 20 which, for example, transversely to the direction of travel under the motor vehicle seat 1, for. B. with its structure (not shown) or a vehicle structure (not shown) connected. Since the support band 13 in the protective position runs at least from the tendency in the direction of travel of the vehicle, a deflection 22 as a guide for the support band 13 and the filling gas of the airbag 3 is required to the support band 13 and the filling gas from the cylinder 20 Lead out actuators 15 in the airbag 3 . So that the different course of the support band 13 near the actuating devices 15 on the one hand within the accommodation space 4 according to the folded position A of the airbag can be adjusted at least substantially horizontally and on the other hand in the protective position B at an angle thereto, the deflection 22 is at its exit ( not visible) for the support cable 13 can be pivoted about the axis of the cylinder 20 , as can easily be seen by comparing FIGS. 1 and 2.

As an alternative to accommodating the cylinder 20 transversely to the direction of travel, which has the advantage that it offers additional stiffening against a side impact, the cylinder can also run, for example, in the direction of travel and in particular in a top rail (not shown) of the motor vehicle seat 1 or at least part of this top rail, whereby a reinforcement in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is then achieved. With regard to the latter embodiments, reference is made in particular to the German patent application DE 197 38 727.6 entitled "Motor vehicle seat, method for its production, use of a top rail of a motor vehicle seat and actuation method of at least one safety function of a motor vehicle seat", which contains an additional application to the German patent application DE 197 07 998.9. Accordingly, the contents of the German patent application DE 197 07 998.9 and the additional application mentioned are included in full in the present disclosure.

As can be seen from the previous description of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS . 1 and 2, the support band 13 consisting of the steel cable 17 and the fabric band 19 is together with the airbag 3 in its folded or stowed position A within the accommodation space 4 in the side area 5 of the motor vehicle seat 1 z. B. housed under panels (not shown) or behind tear seams (not shown) of the seat cover 8 . In the event of a side impact or crash, z. B. a cartridge 23 contained in the actuating devices 15 as energy store 18 (see, for example, FIG. 3 and description of this further below) is electrically ignited, which inflates the airbag 3 , which presses away existing linings or tear seams due to the gas filling above the accommodation space 4 the seat cover 8 bursts and is then stretched between the backrest element 7 and the seat element 6 .

The tensioning strap 13 guided through the tubular or hose-like airbag 3 is connected via its steel cable 17 to a piston 24 , for example, analogously to the technology used in belt tensioners, which is part of drive devices 25 (see, for example, FIG. 3 and description thereof below) is contained in the actuators 15 .

The gas released from or by the energy accumulator 18 , which is used to fill the airbag 3 , is used in the present embodiment simultaneously to act upon the piston 24 (see, for example, FIG. 3) within the cylinder 20 in the direction of tensioning the Support tape 13 used. The latter is thereby drawn into the cylinder 20 , which is mounted longitudinally or preferably transversely to the direction of travel in, on or under the seat 1 until it is between the screw 11 or generally backrest connection for jointly fastening the airbag 3 and the support band 13 to the backrest element 7 and the connection 12 of the airbag 3 is tensioned on the seat element 6 . In the corre sponding position, the piston 24 is blocked or locked for example by a ball clamping brake 26 against a backward movement or otherwise. If a counter-load occurs when the support rope 13 is tensioned, then the blocking or locking takes place in the position of the piston 24 reached by then.

On the input side of the support cable 13 in the cylinder 20 , the airbag 3 is gas-tight z. B. connected to the latter with a hose clamp 28 .

With this motor vehicle seat 1 , several advantages over previously known seats are achieved, in which the airbags of the airbag devices only act as pillows, such as. B. in the seat according to DE 44 36 139 C1. If the "blowing space" in the known seat is quite narrow, the shock absorption effect of the airbag is low. Furthermore, an occupant in the conventional motor vehicle seat cannot be held by the airbag when, for example, a side impact occurs on the seat. This means that the occupant remains in position despite the impact and the seat is knocked away by the impact beneath him.

In the motor vehicle seat 1 according to the invention, dage conditions can advantageously, as already indicated above, by tensioning or pulling up the support band 13 with the airbag 3 at least partially folded, that is to say not yet fully inflated, through the smallest intermediate spaces and into it Bring protective or working position B, even if the blowing space is very narrow. As a further advantage is achieved that the airbag 3 in the inflated state, that is, in its protective position B, by the reinforcement, which is achieved by the tensioned support band 13 , the Insas sen on the seat 1 and not "against" the accident lets slide. If the motor vehicle seat 1 experiences a lateral impact according to the invention, it takes the occupant with it and thereby moves it away from the accident. Furthermore, by tensioning the support band 13 , tensioning the backrest element 7 is sufficient, as a result of which the occupant receives an angular momentum in the sense of a movement of the occupant's head inwards, whereby the occupant is also turned away from the accident. The latter advantageously counteracts a conventional three-point safety belt which, by guiding the belt over the outer shoulder, causes an angular momentum to the outside and thus causes a movement, in particular, of the occupant's head outwards towards the accident. The tensioning of the support band 13 and the latter itself counteracts this negative effect.

By the invention are achieved in a suitably equipped motor vehicle seat 1 but not only in a side impact improvement over conventional seats. In the present motor vehicle seat 1 , the tensioned support band 13 also stabilizes the backrest element 7 in the event of a rear-end collision. On the other hand, this increased stability of the seat could also be used by the support band 13 to save the shell structure of the seat.

If, as has already been proposed above, a motor vehicle seat 1 on both sides left and right equipped with an airbag-support band combination according to the invention, which can be operated, for example, cheaply by a double-piston actuation device, this results in an optimal hold of the occupant in the seat in any side impact, no matter which direction he comes from. In addition, the seat back is braced and stabilized on both sides by the tensioned support straps 13 , so that maximum safety is ensured even in the event of a rear-end collision.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4A, 4B and 4C, exemplary embodiments for the actuating devices 15 will now be explained in more detail, with further features without further ado for the person skilled in the art from all representations themselves and from comparative considerations thereof and from the content of the corresponding explanations below result, even if not all features are shown and / or be marked in each of the individual figures and / or features are listed in this description.

In Fig. 3, a cylinder 20 of the actuators 15 with the opening 27 for performing the support band 13 and for connecting the airbag 3 is partially shown in a longitudinal sectional view. A cartridge 23 is inserted into the cylinder 20 and contains a gas generator 29 or gas storage device as a filling device 10 for the airbag 3 and an energy storage device 18 for the drive devices 25 with the piston 24 . The energy accumulator 18 and the drive devices 25 represent a tensioning device 14 for the support cable 13 .

In the cartridge 23 is an electrically ignitable cartridge 31 , the ignition z. B. in the energy accumulator 18 under pressure containing theses gas, which drives the piston 24 with its pressure for tensioning the support cable 13 when the energy accumulator 18 is designed as a gas accumulator. If it is in the energy storage 18, however, as in the example shown in FIG. 3 Darge, a gas generator 29 , the material contained in the energy storage 18 is burned by the ignition of the cartridge 31 for gas generation or brought to an explosion.

The effect of the ball clamp brake 26 shown in FIG. 3 for the piston 24 has already been explained above, so that here and also later there is no longer any need to go into it. Since technologies can generally be used in the actuators 15 , such as those used for. B. with belt tensioners or front airbags or other appropriately actuated safety devices in a motor vehicle are used, in particular in this regard to the disclosures of the older patent applications cited herein, especially the present applicant.

The time sequence of the tensioning of the support band 13 on the one hand and the filling of the airbag 3 on the other hand will now be explained with reference to FIG. 4.

By igniting the cartridge 31 , the piston 24 is acted upon on the one hand to tighten the support band 13 , and on the other hand, ignition gas or a pilot flame flows from the cartridge 31 through a hole 32 which is arranged centrally in a sealing piston 33 which is located between the energy store 18 and the gas generator 29 lies within the cartridge 23 . Furthermore, holes 34 are provided in a sealing bush 35 in the gas generator 29 , aligned with the sealing piston 33 . The sealing piston 33 and the sealing bush 35 are so angeord net and dimensioned that passage of ignition gas or a pilot flame from the cartridge 31 through the hole 32 in the sealing piston 33 and further through the holes 34 in the sealing bush 35 to the gas generator 29 only take place can, as long as the locking piston 33 is not seated tightly in the locking bush 35 .

Since the energy accumulator 18 , which is ignited with the cartridge 31 , provides a high pressure level, the latter always reliably displaces the locking piston 33 into the locking bush 35 , with suitable means, such as, for. B. a filigree ring 36 made of plastic, for example, which can be inserted between the locking piston 33 and the gas generator 29 to make a predetermined force required before the high pressure level can move the locking piston 33 to the gas generator 29 and thus to the locking bush 35 . The ring 36 is broken by the existing high pressure level when the energy accumulator 18 is ignited.

The resulting by the ignition of the gas generator 29 on the side of the locking piston 33 facing away from the locking bush 35 ent low pressure level can not prevent the corresponding movement of the locking piston 33 . Due to the conical design of the locking piston 33, it jams in its end position in the locking bush 35 , so that the passage through the hole 32 and the holes 34 is reliably prevented. This can rule out that compressed gas flows into the airbag 3 from the high pressure side.

The control of the sequence of the tensioning of the support cable 13 on the one hand and the filling of the airbag on the other hand is thus carried out by the movement of the sealing piston 33 , which can also be formed, for example, as a one-piece design of a membrane, which is characterized by the pressure in the high pressure chamber in FIG. 3 moved to the right.

In Fig. 3, the pressure of the ignited low-pressure side pushes the thimble-shaped sealing piston 33 to the right, so that the pilot gas flow holes 32 and 34 are closed. To secure the position of the "Zündlö cher OPEN", for example, the filigree ring 36 z. B. inserted from plastic, which is broken by the pressure occurring during ignition.

Fig. 3 shows an appropriately shaped and provided with flow-through membrane, which is designed such that the ignition gas flows through the holes, and that at higher pressure on the left side of the cartridge, the membrane with its molded cone, the central hole of the low pressure side closes automatically at the appropriate cone angle.

For example, conical configurations for Closing the compressed gas passage from the high pressure to the Low pressure side can be provided. It is also possible e.g. B. to use an additional check plate for the case that the high pressure breaks down faster than the low pressure should be prevented and the latter from escaping shall be.

The function according to the invention is, for example, as follows: B. a thorax bag 3 is required for the effective movement of the piston 24 z. B. about 300 bar, for example, from a pyrotechnic cartridge as a power store 18. For inflating the bag 3, however, it may not be more than 100 bar, for example, so that no more than 1 bar occurs in the bag. In the context of the invention, this is, for. B. achieved by a conventional in particular electrically ignitable cartridge 18 , the ignition z. B. in an advantageous manner through corresponding holes 32 , 34 from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber. In one of the type, such ignition holes 32 , 34 must then be closed immediately.

Since the gas generator 29 is thus ignited only after the piston 24 has been acted upon by the cartridge 31 activating or triggering the energy accumulator 18 , it is automatically sufficient that the tensioning of the support band 13 begins before the airbag 3 inflates. As a result, the airbag 3 is brought into its protective position B ( FIG. 2) even before it is fully inflated by the support band 13 .

In FIG. 4A, the output state is shown prior to triggering a side airbag device 2. By triggering the energy accumulator 18 ( FIG. 3), the piston 24 is struck so that it moves according to the arrow 40 in FIG. 4B. The support band 13 attached to the piston 24 is thereby pulled according to the arrow 41 in FIG. 4B. Since the deflection 22 is rotatable, as shown by the arrow 42 in FIG. 4A, the airbag 3 , which is initially in its folded position B (see FIG. 1) in the seat 1 , can be pulled out by tightening the support cable 13 , so that its side 3 C runs between the backrest element 7 and the seat element 6 of the seat 1 . The deflection 22 pivots upward, as the arrow 44 shows in FIG. 4B.

The ignition of the energy accumulator 18 also ignites the gas generator 29 , which then generates gas for filling the airbag 3 , which flows according to the arrows 45 , 46 and 47 in FIG. 4C into the airbag 3 . An outflow of this gas into the tube 20 to the piston 24 is prevented by suitable valve devices, such as. B. prevents the locking piston 33 and the locking bush 35 with the holes 32 and 34 . The closing of the Ventilein directions is symbolized by the arrow 48 in Fig. 4C. It is also shown by the blocked representation of arrow 49 in Fig. 4C that a retraction of the piston 24 is blocked ge, which can be realized for example with a ball clamp brake 26 , as explained above. Such a lock is preferably removed after a predetermined or predeterminable time.

The control of the triggering sequence of the tension of the support or tensioning cable 13 and filling of the airbag 3 can thus be carried out with separate devices for the respective operation, that is to say power store 18 for tensioning the support cable 13 and gas generator 29 for filling the airbag 3 , in a particularly skillful manner Be realized by means of suitable valve devices. In practice it can be spoken of a pyrotechnic two-pressure level cartridge 15 as actuating device.

The invention provides an improved side airbag device as well as a corresponding actuation procedure for it and created a motor vehicle seat for it. As especially in an airbag is shown in the exemplary embodiments Pillow shape preferred. Inflating such an airbag usually requires at least 20 ms. During this time is the space between a body and an occupant in the In the event of an impact from the outside, it has become very narrow. A not Airbag positioned in time can then only be used as Impact cushions are used for load distribution. Bring the invention the airbag through the tension or support rope already in the half time in position. The bag is preferred in the meantime already inflated. Since he is already in through the strap Position is before it is fully inflated, he presses when inflating further, the occupant actively away from the accident. In addition, the occupant rotates the occupant The back of the seat is stabilized on the outside, also from the accident path.

In particular, it should also be noted that in a so-called pyrotechnic two-pressure level cartridge 15 as actuating device many types of valves are conceivable and included in the scope of the invention, the z. B. allow a pyrotechnic ignition from the high pressure side to the low pressure side or just the corresponding chambers in the tube 20 . In example, after the gas generator has been ignited, corresponding passages between the two sides can also be closed by means of suitable ven valve-like devices by its pressure build-up or gas pressure, so that each side can then optimally perform its function and also execute in the event of a trigger.

Although the invention in the periphery of the side airbag device 2 in the context of the embodiments has only been based on their use in a motor vehicle seat 1 treated, however, such a side air bag device 2 can be applied to gene also in other seats such as in boats, aircraft or Schienenfahrzeu, wherein in Schiffahrts- and Luftfahrtbe rich in particular the holding effect of the airbag 3 with tensioning or support band 13 is advantageous. A possibly leakage-related pressure drop in an aircraft can lead to the triggering of the airbag device 2 , whereby the airbag 3 with a tensioning or support strap 13 provides a seat belt, if necessary, for holding a person on their seat and at the same time serves as cushion and protection . The airbag 3 prevents, so to speak, as a cushion, which can be stored in a space- and weight-saving manner, for the support band 13 injuries from the last res. Even with boats, such as B. racing boats, it can be advantageous if the occupants in an accident are held as firmly as possible and yet quickly detachable in their seats and at the same time protected from the effects of a hard impact. The side airbag device 2 of the invention is therefore not limited to use in motor vehicles, and the bean spruchte motor vehicle seat is IMP EXP together to understand the scope of the invention as a seat when a person sitting thereon can be protected by the inventive side airbag device. 2

The above and shown in the drawings Merk male and combinations of features of all treated execution Variants are only used as examples of the invention and not its limitation. The revelation The scope of all available documents is determines what is readily apparent to those skilled in the claims chen, but also from the description and the drawing-a finally variations, modifications and substitutions as well as in particular the complete content of the in the Introduction to the description in connection with the treatment of Coupling the support band with the actuators is recognizable.

Claims (31)

1. Side airbag device with at least one inflatable airbag, in the area of the inflated airbag tension ble support band and actuators for tensioning the support band and inflating the airbag into their protective layers, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) is coupled to the airbag ( 3 ) is that the exciting support band ( 13 ) urges the airbag ( 3 ) from a folded position (A) into its protective position (B). 2. Side airbag device according to claim 1, characterized in that the airbag ( 3 ) is pillow-shaped to extend in its protective position (B) between a backrest element ( 7 ) and a seat element ( 6 ) of a seat ( 1 ). 3. Side airbag device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the airbag ( 3 ) has such an at least substantially triangular shape ( 3 ') that in the protective layer (B) of the airbag ( 3 ) a first side ( 3 a) the form (3 ') along a back member (7) and a second side (3 (3 b) of the form') along a seating element (6) fits a seat (1) and the third side (3 c) between the back member ( 7 ) and the seat element ( 6 ) of the seat ( 1 ). 4. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) fixed at one end and at the other, the actuating devices ( 15 ) associated end ( 16 ) is coupled to the actuating devices ( 15 ). 5. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) in the interior of the airbag ( 3 ) or in a guide associated with its outer skin, or that the support band ( 13 ) at least partially connected to the outer skin of the airbag or is integrally formed therewith. 6. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating devices ( 15 ) are designed to at least partially tension the support band ( 13 ) before starting to inflate the airbag ( 3 ). 7. Side airbag device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the actuating devices ( 15 ) for inflating the airbag ( 3 ) during the tensioning of the support band ( 13 ) and in particular simultaneously are designed to begin therewith. 8. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating devices ( 15 ) contain a tensioning device ( 14 ) for the support band ( 13 ) and a filling device ( 10 ) for the airbag ( 3 ), the tensioning device ( 14 ) and the filling device ( 10 ) are preferably coupled and particularly preferably cooperate. 9. Side airbag device according to claim 8, characterized in that the filling device ( 10 ) contains a gas generator ( 29 ) and / or a gas storage. 10. Side airbag device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the tensioning device ( 14 ) contains at least one energy accumulator ( 18 ) and actuatable drive devices ( 25 ) for tensioning the support band ( 13 ), and that the drive devices ( 25 ) in particular preferably Detachable and particularly preferably with regard to the triggering of the actuating devices ( 15 ) with a time delay automatically releasing backstop ( 26 ). 11. Side airbag device according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas accumulator of the filling device ( 10 ) at least part of the energy accumulator ( 18 ) of the clamping device ( 14 ), or that the energy accumulator ( 18 ) the tensioning device ( 14 ) is at least part of the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas reservoir of the filling device ( 10 ). 12. Side airbag device according to claims 9 and 10 or according to claim 11, characterized in that the airbag ( 3 ) gas-tightly connected to the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas reservoir and the support band ( 13 ) to the drive devices ( 25 ) permanently coupled or in particular can be automatically coupled by triggering them. 13. Side airbag device according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive devices ( 25 ) contain a piston ( 24 ) which can be acted upon by the energy accumulator ( 18 ), to which the support band ( 13 ) is coupled or in particular by triggering the drive devices ( 25 ). is automatically connectable. 14. Side airbag device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas accumulator of the filling device ( 10 ) and / or the energy accumulator ( 18 ) of the tensioning device ( 14 ) can be pyrotechnically activated and in particular ignited / is. 15. Side airbag device according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas accumulator of the filling device ( 10 ) and / or the energy accumulator ( 18 ) of the tensioning device ( 14 ) are / is designed in several stages. 16. Side airbag device according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas accumulator of the filling device ( 10 ) and / or the energy accumulator ( 18 ) of the tensioning device ( 14 ) or optionally at least a first stage of the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas storage device of the filling device ( 10 ) and / or the energy storage device ( 18 ) of the tensioning device ( 14 ) or, if appropriate, their pyrotechnic activation or ignition are / are electrically detachable and in particular ignitable. 17. Side airbag device according to claims 15 and 16, characterized in that at least a second stage of the gas generator ( 29 ) and / or the gas accumulator of the filling device ( 10 ) and / or the energy accumulator ( 18 ) of the tensioning device ( 14 ) or possibly its Pyrotechnic activation or ignition can be triggered mechanically and in particular is / can be ignited. 18. Side airbag device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized characterized in that at least mechanically parts of the electrical and / or mechanical triggering and esp special ignition provided twice and preferably at the same time, but especially independently of each other are acted upon. 19. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) at its actuating devices ( 15 ) associated end ( 16 ) is formed by a material which is resistant to the operating temperatures in the actuating devices ( 15 ). 20. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) at least in the area of the protective layer (B) in the protective airbag ( 3 ) has a width which is substantially greater than its thickness, and in that the width of the support band ( 13 ) is in particular in the range from approximately 10% to approximately 90%, preferably from approximately 20% to approximately 60% and particularly preferably from approximately 25% to approximately 40% of the diameter of the airbag ( 3 ). 21. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two airbags ( 3 ) with associated support bands ( 13 ) are coupled for use on both sides of an occupant and in particular can be actuated via common actuating devices ( 15 ). 22. Side airbag device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the airbag ( 3 ) and the support band ( 13 ) are arranged before they are triggered in an angled accommodation space ( 4 ) and are designed such that they are angled in their protective position Span the accommodation space ( 4 ) formed angle. 23. Actuation method for a side airbag device with at least one inflatable airbag, a support band which can be tensioned in the area of the inflated airbag and actuating devices for inflating the airbag and tensioning the support band into their final protective positions, characterized in that the deployment of the airbag ( 3 ) from a folded state (A) is at least supported in an at least substantially unfolded state (B) by tensioning the support band ( 13 ). 24. Actuation method according to claim 23, characterized in that after the triggering of the side airbag device ( 2 ) the stretching of the support band ( 13 ) is first started before the inflation of the airbag ( 3 ) begins. 25. Actuation method according to claim 23, characterized in that the stretching of the support band ( 13 ) and the inflation of the airbag ( 3 ) after the deployment of the side airbag device ( 2 ) are started at least substantially simultaneously. 26. Motor vehicle seat with a seat element and a backrest element and a side airbag device which has at least one airbag which can be inflated by actuating means and which is arranged in its folded state in a particularly angled accommodation space which extends on one side of the motor vehicle seat over the seat element and the backrest element , and which, in the inflated state, runs in a protective position between the seat element and the back element, characterized in that a support band is arranged along the airbag ( 3 ) and can be tensioned in the region of the inflated airbag ( 3 ) and thus coupled to it, that the exciting support band ( 13 ) urges the airbag ( 3 ) into its protective position (B), that the support band ( 13 ) together with the folded airbag ( 3 ) is arranged in the possibly angled accommodation space ( 4 ), and that the Actuators ( 15 ) when the airbag ( 3 ) triggers are designed to act on the support band ( 13 ) to tension it in the protective layer (B). 27. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 26, characterized in that the airbag ( 3 ) and the support band ( 13 ) are before being triggered behind a panel or tear seams in the accommodation space ( 4 ). 28. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the actuating devices ( 15 ) below the seat element ( 6 ) in the direction of travel or in particular arranged transversely thereto and in particular are stiffened to the seat structure and / or the vehicle structure. 29. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that an airbag ( 3 ) with its associated support band ( 13 ) are provided on both sides of the seat, and that preferably both airbags ( 3 ) and support bands ( 13 ) of common Actuators ( 15 ) can be acted upon. 30. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 26 to 29, characterized in that the support band ( 13 ) and / or the airbag ( 3 ) are coupled to the actuating devices ( 15 ) via compensating devices or can be / is coupled when the side airbag device ( 2 ) is triggered . 31. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 26 to 30, characterized by a side airbag device ( 2 ) according to one of claims 1 to 22.